陕西高考英语阅读理解专项训练（含答案）

阅读理解
Earth is far more alive than we previously thought, according to “deep life” studies that reveal a rich ecosystem beneath our feet that is almost twice the size of all the world’s oceans. Regardless of extreme heat, no light and intense pressure, scientists estimate it has between 15 billion and 23 billion tonnes of microorganisms. “It’s like finding a whole new reservior of life on Earth,” said Karen Lloyd, an associate professor at the University of Tennessee.
Results suggest 70 percent of Earth’s bacteria and archaea exist in the subsurface. One organism found 2.5 kilometers below the surface has been buried for millions of years and may not rely on all energy from the sun. Also, the methanogen (产甲烷菌) has found a way to create methane in this environment, which it may not use to reproduce or divide, but use to replace or repair broken parts. Lengths of their lives were completely different. Some microorganisins have been alive for thousands of years, barely moving except with shifts in earthquakes or eruptions. They’re just active inside, with less energy than people thought possible to support life.
The team consists of 1,200 scientists from 52 countries in disciplines ranging from geology and microbiology to chemistry and physics. The scientists say they will present their findings before the American Geophysical Union’s annual meeting opens this week, which are made possible by technical advances on drills and microscopes.
The scientists have been wondering about the point beyond which life can’t exist, but the deeper they dig, the more life they find. There is a temperature maximum — currently 122℃ — but they believe this record will be broken if they keep exploring and developing more advanced instruments.
Questions remain, including how the microbes interact with chemical processes, and what this might reveal about how life and Earth co-evolved.
1．What do the scientists find about the underground microorganisms
A．They can’t reproduce and divide.
B．They’re the oldest living things.
C．Some of them consume no energy.
D．Some of them almost always keep still.
2．What can we learn about the research from the third paragraph
A．It lasts for around one year. B．It is conducted in 52 countries.
C．It involves efforts from multiple fields. D．It promotes technical development.
3．Why do the scientists drill deep
A．To find the depth limit of life.
B．To break their previous record.
C．To discover more ancient microorganisms.
D．To detect the highest subsurface temperature.
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Organisms Live Better Underground B．Earth’s Depths Are Full of Life
C．Mars Is Far Beyond Human Exploration D．Subsurface Life Differs from That on Land
Finger painting is an art that most people have experienced in childhood. But there are still people who know little about this art form. Finger painting is a simple activity that involves dipping fingers in paints and then using fingers to create objects and shapes on a piece of paper. All you need is a table at elbow height, a few sheets of plain paper, and a few bottles of watercolor.
When engaging kids in this activity, one should use non-toxic(无毒的) paints only. If not available in the market readily, non-toxic paints can be made at home easily. Preferably, the paints should also be eatable. Finger paints come in bright colors and can be purchased relatively inexpensively. Adults can save money by making their own finger paints using a mixture of cornstarch, food coloring and water.
It is a common fallacy that finger painting is for children alone; rather it’s an activity that can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure. Adults can use rubber gloves while painting to avoid dirty marks of paints on their hands. When a group of people are gathered for an exercise of finger painting, it can be a great way of creating a bond between the group. Art and painting parties area popular concept in the West. Organizations can also use finger painting as a team-building activity by making participants paint together on a large canvas(画布).
There’s no limit to the expression of feelings in finger painting. All one needs to do is to go all out and put all their feelings on a piece of paper by dipping their fingers in paints. While painting, one may unconsciously choose colors that reflect their emotions. For example, you may choose the color red to express your anger or green to express hope. At times you may be confused, and the painting will help you describe your confused state of mind. Once you get your emotions on paper, you are likely to feel relieved.
So what are you waiting for Plan a finger-painting session soon, and experience the joy.
5．What can we know about finger painting
A．Most people loved it in their childhood. B．The preparation for it is quite difficult.
C．Finger painting is easy to carry out. D．Kids learn it much faster than adults.
6．What should people do when there are kids involved in finger painting
A．Prepare safe paints for them. B．Have parents stay with them.
C．Use paints of bright colors. D．Buy inexpensive paints.
7．What does the underlined word “fallacy” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Goal. B．Secret. C．Principle. D．Misunderstanding.
8．What does the example in Paragraph 4 show
A．Finger painters can find artistic inspiration from emotions.
B．Finger painting provides freedom of self-expression.
C．Finger painting shows people’s habits correctly.
D．Finger painters have a limited choice of colors.
In the digital age, it has become easy for students to find and copy published material. Copying another person’s writing without giving them credit is called plagiarism. Universities in the U.S. have rules for avoiding plagiarism. But learning to correctly follow these rules can be difficult for some international students.
Copyright law protects original works of authorship including books, movies, images and artworks. However, the law permits the unlicensed use for activities including comment, education and research. Therefore, students can include a small part of copyrighted works in their writing and research if they provide credit, or citation (引文), to the creators of the works. Many universities even urge students to give credit to what they get from conversations with professors or other students. Harvard even warns students about copying themselves. That is, they cannot hand in the same work for more than one class without the permission of their instructors.
It is easy for professors to know whether a student has plagiarized. First, there are computer programs that compare students’ papers to large databases of published writing. The programs can identify whether students have copied published writing. Second, if English is not a student’s first language, a professor might recognize a change in vocabulary and writing style. The punishment for plagiarism can vary. Professors could simply warn a student not to do it again, lower their grade, or they may fail the student in that class. In more extreme cases, a student may be temporarily banned from school.
There are free tools students can use. Zotero is a free, open-source program that helps organize all the research a student may use. For example, it can automatically create citations and combine them into a list. The Purdue OWL is another free resource. Many universities also have writing centers where students can learn the citation rules. And another way is to read published papers and pay attention to how information is presented. Students should observe when and how citations are used, which can help them learn the rules of citations.
9．What must students do when using a small part of copyrighted works
A．Have a conversation with professors. B．Ask for permission from the authors.
C．Offer credit to the original creators. D．Explain the purpose of using them.
10．How can professors know if their students are plagiarizing
A．By making a specific comparison.
B．By recording the students’ learning experience.
C．By learning the students’ first language.
D．By researching into the database of writing.
11．What does the author want to stress in the last paragraph
A．The tips on when citations are used.
B．The ways of making a citation safe.
C．The rules of using free resource.
D．The free resources on the website.
12．What is the best title of this text
A．Learning Plagiarism in the Digital Age
B．Commenting on Students’ Plagiarism
C．Realizing the Influence of Plagiarism
D．Following Rules to Avoid Plagiarism
Could looking through trees be the view to a greener future Trees replacing the clear glass in your windows is not a work of science fiction. It’s happening now.
Forest Products Laboratory researcher Junyong Zhu together with colleagues from the University of Maryland and University of Colorado has developed a transparent wood material that may be the window of tomorrow. Researchers found that transparent wood has the potential to outperform glass currently used in construction in nearly every way.
While glass is the most common material used in window construction, it comes with quite a few bad consequences. Heat easily transfers through glass and amounts to higher energy bills when it escapes during cold weather and pours in when it’s warm. Glass production used for construction also comes with a heavy carbon footprint. Manufacturing emissions alone are approximately 25,000 metric tons per year, without considering the heavy footprint of transporting the glass.
The innovation was developed using wood from the balsa tree, which is native to South and Central America. The team treated balsa wood to an oxidizing bath, where the wood is kept in a bleach solution at room temperature to remove the light-absorbing substance from the structure. The wood is then penetrated (注入) with a synthetic polymer called polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), creating a product that is virtually transparent. So the transparent wood is created, which is far more durable and lighter than glass.
Switching to transparent wood could prove to be cost efficient as well. It is approximately five times more thermally efficient than glass, cutting energy costs. It is made from a sustainable, renewable resource with low carbon emissions.
With all of these potential benefits for consumers, manufacturing and the environment, the case for transparent wood couldn’t be clearer.
13．What is the main problem with glass used in window construction
A．It is inefficient in letting heat out.
B．It is inconvenient to transport.
C．It causes a high ecological price.
D．It scarcely reflects light and heat.
14．What does the underlined part “a bleach solution” refer to
A．A way to make colors fade.
B．A liquid to make objects pale.
C．A container to store liquids.
D．A process to solve problems.
15．What is the author’s attitude toward transparent, wood
A．Skeptical. B．Ambiguous. C．Appreciative. D．Conservative.
16．What do the researchers probably agree with
A．Innovation is the vitality of scientific housing.
B．Things are not always what they seem.
C．There are more ways to the wood than one.
D．There is nothing permanent except change.
Canada: Off the Beaten Track — Three to See
Rocky Mountains
The Rockies run along the Alberta-British Columbia border and are inside two huge national parks — Banff to the south and Jasper to the north. Banff was Canada’s first wildlife reserve and these days the town of Banff is the most popular tourist destination in the country. But Jasper National Park is larger, wilder, and less well-explored. Between the parks of Banff and Jasper is the Columbia Icefield , a huge bowl of ice made up of about thirty glaciers. If you don’t like ice, the Rockies offer wildlife walks, swimming, camping, hiking, canoeing, mountain climbing, and plenty of places to stay. Accommodation costs (住宿费) are usually lower at the Jasper end of this superb mountain playground.
Lunenburg
Lunenburg is south from Halifax, along a foggy coast of rocky seas, fishing villages, and historic towns. It is a beautiful little shipbuilding town and a UNESCO World Heritage site. Fishing has always been big in Lunenburg; most of Atlantic Canada’s deep-sea fishing boats leave from here, and North America’s biggest fish-processing factory is located in the town. Lunenburg still has many wooden buildings and as a result feels like an 18th century British colonial (殖民时期的) town. You can visit the town’s Fisheries Museum or just wander around, looking at the wooden houses in the old streets — and of course have a dinner of seafood.
Churchill
One of the few places in the north that is “easy” to get to, Churchill is a 1.5-day train journey from Winnipeg. Churchill is a major port, but eco-tourism is becoming more and more important. Although it is freezing, many visitors come to see the polar bears, whales, Arctic foxes, and if they are lucky, the Northern Lights. Churchill calls itself the “Polar Bear Capital of the World”, and for a good reason: the town sits right in the middle of the animals’ migration route, and the cute but deadly white bears sometimes wander into the town. Tours to see the bears from September to November are the most popular attraction.
17．Which of the following was Canada’s first wildlife reserve
A．Halifax. B．Jasper.
C．Banff. D．Winnipeg.
18．What do we know about Lunenburg’s fish-processing factory
A．It is now a museum. B．It is a wooden building.
C．It was built in the 18th century. D．It is the largest in North America.
19．What do most visitors to Churchill want to see
A．Whales. B．Polar bears.
C．Arctic foxes. D．The Northern Light.
20．Where can we read this passage
A．A travel magazine. B．A history book.
C．A novel. D．A chemistry paper.
William Shakespeare was the greatest writer in the English language and is known around the world. But how much do you really know about him
Shakespeare was born in Stratford upon Avon, located in central England, in 1564. At age 18, he married Anne Hathaway and they had three children. Then Shakespeare went to London to work as an actor and writer. In 1599, the Globe Theatre was built in London. It was in this theatre that some of Shakespeare’s plays were first performed. In 1613, the theatre was destroyed by a fire. However, a modern reconstruction of the theatre was built near the original site in 1997, so even today you can go to the Globe Theatre to see one of Shakespeare’s plays.
His surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets and some other poems. He is best known for his plays, which have been translated into every major language and are performed more than those of any other playwright (剧作家) in the world. Shakespeare’s works remain very popular. But why do we like these old plays Perhaps it is because they all contain fantastic stories. His characters suffer bloody battles, deaths by poison, and dramatic family battles. His plays are full of exciting storylines and lessons about morality.
Hamlet, for example, is about revenge (复仇) and also about how difficult it is to take action sometimes, even when it is important to do so. Hamlet’s father is murdered by another man, who then marries Hamlet’s mother. Everybody wants to see Hamlet dead. Hamlet must take revenge. But will he be able to The famous quote “To be or not to be, that is the question” comes from this play.
21．How is Paragraph 2 organized
A．In order of time. B．In order of location.
C．In order of importance. D．In order of preference.
22．Paragraph 3 mainly talks about Shakespeare’s ________.
A．poems B．characters
C．childhood D．achievements
23．Modern people still like reading Shakespeare’s works to ________.
A．experience history B．enjoy good stories
C．admire heroes D．gain knowledge
24．What can be learned about Hamlet
A．He is afraid of death. B．He hates his father.
C．He is in a dilemma. D．He never takes action.
Not too big, not too small. Not too hot, not too cold. A newly discovered planet looks just right for life as we know it, according to an international group of astronomers.
Circling a star about 500 light years away, the planet called Kepler-186f is about the same size as Earth. It goes round its star at the right distance for liquid water on the surface. That is an essential condition for life. But it is not exactly like Earth, it’s more of an Earth’s cousin. It’s not an Earth’s twin. It shares the same characteristics as Earth, but their parent stars are very different.
Kepler-186f circles a star that is smaller and cooler than our sun. But the planet appears to be a closer relative than most of the hundreds of others discovered so far. Some are huge gas-covered giants with thick atmospheres. Others circle too closely to their stars and are too hot for life. For the first time, we can actually say we now have a planet that is both Earth-sized and circles in its star’s livable zone.
The next step would be to look for signs of life in the atmospheres of these distant world. That would take a more advanced telescope. But budget cuts threaten that task, says University of California at Los Angeles astrophysicist (天体物理学家) Ben.
“In theory, we could do this in the next couple of decades. But in practice, because there’s no money, it’s not going to happen. It’s not going to happen in my lifetime, for example,” said Ben. However, NASA’s Elisa Quintana believes that when the next-generation space telescope is used, it will find that we are not alone in the universe. In the meantime, the search continues for other worlds where life may find a home.
25．Which phrase can replace the underlined phrase “an essential condition” in Paragraph 2
A．A necessary thing. B．A dangerous thing.
C．A difficult thing. D．An unimportant thing.
26．The discovery of Kepler-186f is remarkable because ________.
A．man has discovered a new home
B．it caused people’s interest in the universe
C．it can help man know more about Earth
D．man has found a familiar planet like Earth
27．What does Ben worry about in the future research
A．His coming old age. B．No cooperation.
C．Lack of money. D．His weak influence.
It can be tough to pull kids away from their computers and mobile phones these days. While they’re playing games, wouldn’t it be great if they could be learning at the same time Good educational apps offer fun challenges that teach specific grade-level skills. Here are four that combine fun and learning.
Understanding Math ($ 3. 99;iOS)
Understanding Math goes beyond basic comprehension to gain a deeper understanding of the whys and hows of math. The app tracks your child’s progress to determine strengths and weaknesses in different skill areas, and you can customize(订制)your child’s learning experience to suit the needs.
Word Creativity Kiti ($2. 99;iOS)
Word Creativity Kit aims not only to make creative writing fun but also build up grammar rules. The app presents a series of words from seven categories, such as space or fantasy. Kids add their own words to finish the complete thoughts that these words have inspired.
Barefoot World Atlas1($ 4. 99;iOS)
Barefoot World Atlas helps kids learn about geography and world cultures with a touch of the screen. Each region features a set of sub-topics, from wildlife and natural features to native people, landmarks, and architecture. These facts and illustrations are delivered in photographs, sounds, and hundreds of mini videos.
My Grades & Homeworki ($0. 99;iOS)
A combination of grades and homework tracker My Grades& Homework can help your child stay organized and on top of the progress in school. A convenient calendar and course list format and offer a glance at your child’s assignment schedule that he or she might not normally get from standard homework planners.
28．Which app is helpful to improve children’s writing skills
A．Understanding Math. B．Word Creativity Kit.
C．Barefoot World Atlas. D．My Grades & Homework.
29．What is the common part of the four apps
A．They help children find jobs.
B．They make studies fun for mini videos.
C．They need buying when they are used.
D．They inform parents of their children’s progress.
30．The passage is probably written for
A．parents B．engineers C．friends D．doctors
Chinese archaeologists (考古学家) announced on Saturday that some new major discoveries have been made at the Sanxingdui Ruins site in Southwest China, helping uncover another start of the Chinese civilization.
Archaeologists have found six new sacrificial pits (祭祀坑) and unearthed more than 500 treasures dating back 3,000 years at the Sanxingdui Ruins in Sichuan Province. So far, archaeologists have unearthed masses of important cultural items from four of the pits, including pieces of gold masks, gold foil, bronze (青铜) masks, bronze trees and large numbers of ivories. The rest of the newly discovered pits are still being dug up.
“Surprisingly, we have unearthed some never-heard-of-before bronze items,”said Lei Yu, from the Sichuan Archaeology Research Institute. “For instance, some large and well-made bronze items have strange-looking dragon or cow designs on them.”
In another major discovery, relics of silk products were found for the first time at Sanxingdui, which shows “the ancient Shu Kingdom was one of the important starts of silk in ancient China” according to Tang Fei, head of the digging team.
The new pits sit next to two sacrificial pits discovered in 1986, with areas ranging between 30 square meters and 19 square meters. Together they form an area in which people of the ancient Shu civilization held ceremonies to offer sacrifices to heaven, earth and their forefathers, and prayed for good luck and peace.
The Sanxingdui Ruins is regarded as one of the greatest archaeological finds of mankind in the 20th century. The site was accidentally discovered by a farmer in the 1920s. The ruins are located in the city of Guanghan, about 60 kilometers from Chengdu and are believed to be the relics of the Shu Kingdom.
31．What can we learn from the second paragraph
A．Totally there are 500 treasures unearthed.
B．Six new sacrificial pits are under repair.
C．The unearthed treasures date from 3000 years ago.
D．There are six sacrificial pits at Sanxingdui.
32．What was the main function of the sacrificial pits
A．To celebrate festivals. B．To store valuable items.
C．To bury important figures. D．To hold sacrifice ceremonies.
33．Who first discovered the Sanxingdui Ruins
A．A farmer. B．Lei Yu. C．Tang Fei. D．Archaeologists.
34．What does the underlined word “regarded” mean in the last paragraph
A．Searched. B．Considered. C．Exploded. D．Decorated
Trust me, you don’t want to get caught under a tsunami! Tsunamis are one of the world’s most powerful natural forces. They can cause huge amounts of damage.
But do you know exactly what a tsunami is They are huge, powerful waves in the ocean that grow as they reach the shore. Most tsunamis are actually caused by earthquakes. An earthquake happens when a big piece of the Earth’s crust (地壳) suddenly moves. When the piece of ocean floor moves, it creates big holes. The water floods in to fill these holes. When the water moves that quickly, it creates a huge wave. This is how tsunamis are born!
Other natural disasters like landslides, volcanic eruptions, and glaciers breaking off can also cause tsunamis. Once the water starts moving because of the force of the disaster, large waves begin to spread. These waves can move very fast. They have been recorded at speeds from 400 up to 500 miles per hour! They can also move across very long distances.
At first, the waves of the tsunami may not seem that tall. That’s because when the waves travel through the deep parts of the ocean, the top of each wave is very short. But as that wave comes near to the coast, it grows in height. Remember, the tsunami travels quickly. If you are sitting on a beach, you may not see the wave coming at first. But when the wave arrives, it will be like a towering wall of water. Some waves are as tall as 100 feet high. The biggest tsunami ever recorded happened in 1958 in Lituya Bay, Alaska. The wave was over 1, 720 feet tall, and it wiped out trees, vegetation, and everything else in its way.
As frightening as tsunamis can be, you don’t need to worry too much about them. They don’t happen that often. Only about two tsunamis happen every year. And it is said that serious, really damaging tsunamis only happen about every fifteen years. So don’t worry.
35．According to the article, which natural disaster is not responsible for causing a tsunami
A．Tornadoes. B．Volcanic eruptions. C．Earthquakes. D．Landslides.
36．If a tsunami forms in the deep ocean, 2, 000 miles off the coast of Sri Lanka, how long at least will it take the tsunami to reach the coast of SriLanka
A．1 hours. B．2 hours. C．4 hours. D．6 hours.
37．Which of the following about tsunami is TRUE
A．The waves of the tsunami always move slowly over a long distance.
B．People on a ship in the deep ocean will notice a tsunami at once as soon as it forms.
C．If you are sitting on a beach, you must see the wave coming at first.
D．People will not notice a tsunami until it gets close to the coast.
38．Where would this passage most likely to be found
A．In a music magazine. B．In a science newspaper.
C．In a travel guide. D．In a story book.
Flights to Los Angeles (LA)
Roundtrip
Leaving from: Xi'an, Shaanxi (Xi’an Xianyang International Airport)
Going to: Los Angeles, California (Los Angeles International Airport)
Departing: May 1
Returning: May 7
How much is the cheapest flight to Los Angeles
Prices were available within the past 7 days and starts from $1,340 to $1,578 for one-way flights and $2,155 to $2,376 for roundtrip, for the period specified. Prices and availability are subject to change.
Airport transportation
You can conveniently book through Los Angeles car rentals right here to have a vehicle waiting upon your flight’s arrival. For alternative transportation, you can find buses, taxis and shared-ride vans (面包车) at the airport.
Los Angeles activities
Once you book your flights to LA, it is time for some fun. Begin your LA adventures by tracking down your favorite celebrities’plaques (匾牌) on the Hollywood Walk of Fame or wandering down the iconic Sunset Boulevard. After exploring this coastal city from top to bot-tom, rest up at one of the best hotels in Los Angeles.
Planning your trip
Thanks to the sunny skies and year-round warm weather, it is always a good time to visit La La Land. While the sun does shine for much of the year in LA, December through February tends to see an increase in rainfall. If you’re looking to soak (浸泡) up the sun without the crowds, avoid peak season and visit between March and May or September and November.
39．How much is the cheapest flight to Los Angeles from Xi’an for roundtrip
A．$1,340. B．$1,578. C．$2,155. D．$2,376.
40．Which transportation is unavailable at Los Angele airport
A．Bus. B．Taxi. C．Shared-ride van. D．Subway.
41．When do you travel to Los Angele to avoid the crowds
A．On January. B．On February. C．On October. D．On December.
In 2018, the state of California was on fire. Alexandria Villasenor, who was 13 at the time, witnessed the destruction of Northern California’s Camp Fire, which would go on to burn more than 150,000 acres of land. Villasenor was scared. “That’s when I found out how important climate education was,” she reflected. “And just how much we lacked climate education these past couple of years.”
Villasenor, now 15, is determined to have a bigger conversation. She quickly realized the fight requires international, govemment-level changes. For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations’ New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education. She sat on a bench in front of the headquarters, pleading for the world’s leaders to take climate change seriously.
Her action received national attention, with millions of other students around the world joining in the movement. “It’s completely unacceptable to not learn anything about our planet and our environment in school, after all the young people would ‘inherit’ the Earth.” Villasenor said, “That’s why I think that climate education is so important, and that’s why I focus a lot on it now.”
Right now, Villasenor is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan, which has promised to center the needs of young people and communities most impacted by climate change. She even spoke at the 2020 Democratic National Convention. “That was definitely a huge moment when I realized that people were listening to the voices of me and youth climate activists,” Villasenor said.
When she isn’t connecting with her fellow youth activists or holding elected officials accountable to the climate concerns of their young voters, Villasenor is like most other teens. “My favorite thing to do, of course, is sleep.” she said. “I like to read a lot. I like fantasy books, normally. I also like to write.”
42．What made Villasenor realize the lack of climate education
A．The state of California. B．The fire disasters in America.
C．150, 000 acres of land scaring her. D．The severe Camp fire in California.
43．What does the underlined part “have a bigger conversation” mean
A．To talk with more local people to change their mind.
B．To convey her belief loudly to more global students.
C．To protest to leaders at home and abroad to make changes.
D．To call on local people to fight with the leaders.
44．Which of the following facts gives Villasenor a sense of achievement
A．That she is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan.
B．That her and other youth climate activists’ opinions caught people’s attention.
C．That she can sleep and read in her spare time.
D．That more schools have set up climate courses.
45．What is this passage mainly about
A．The 15-year-old activist fighting for better climate education.
B．Climate education deserves everyone’s attention around the world.
C．How to prevent camp fire.
D．Young activists make their voices heard.
Thinking about Exploring the World Again
While travel is still just a dream for many, we know that some of you are now eager to pencil in your next adventure. We are now taking bookings for our2021 and 2022 tours.
Mongolia
Dinosaur Hunting in the Gobi Desert
15 days; 28 August and 11 September 2021
A thrilling and unique adventure to find dinosaur remains in the wilderness of the Gobi Desert with professional paleontologists(古生物学家) from the Mongolian Institute. Fully join in fossil digging across key sites.
Vietnam
Caves, Conservation, Culture
11 days; 4 September 2021
Discover a different side of Vietnam in this wide-ranging tour that covers geology, wonderful landscapes, animal conservation, culture and history. Experience tropical(热带的) jungles, caves, happy villages and amazing achievements of underground engineering.
Japan
Nature, Culture, Science: Tokyo to Kagoshima
12 days; 17 October 2021
Travel the length of Japan in a journey that contains its must-see technology and nature, from the big city of Tokyo with New Scientist's Rowan Hooper to hot springs, volcanic islands and snowy mountains.
Iceland
Land of Fire and Ice
8 days; 30 October and 6 November 2021
Appreciate erupting geysers(间歇泉), glaciers and waterfalls on a trip of volcanic and geological adventure. Joined by geologist Oliver Shorttie, discover the best of Iceland with a chance to see the Aurora Borealis(北极光).
46．How long does the trip to find dinosaur remains last
A．15 days. B．12 days. C．11 days. D．8 days.
47．Which trip will you book if you are free only in October
A．Dinosaur Hunting in the Gobi Desert. B．Caves, Conservation, Culture.
C．Nature, Culture, Science: Tokyo to Kagoshima. D．Land of Fire and Ice.
48．What do the trips in Japan and Iceland have in common
A．They last at least 10 days.
B．They provide a trip of volcanic adventure.
C．They are guided by geologists.
D．They offer a chance to see the Aurora Borealis.
49．In which section of a newspaper may this text be taken from
A．Education B．History C．Health. D．Travel.
Born in Chengdu, Southwest China's Sichuan province, 30-year-old Dong Yaxue, a Chinese researcher working for NASA is currently a member of NASA's MAVEN(Mars Atmosphere and Volatile E-volution) team.
On Nov 5, Dong was invited to speak at a NASA news conference, in which the organization said the atmosphere on Mars can be stripped by solarwinds. She is the first Chinese female scientist to participate in a NASA news conference.
Dong graduated from Chengdu's Shishi High School in 2003 and was later admitted by University of Science and Technology of China. She g other master's and doctor's degree in astrophysics from Rice University in the United States.
Last year, Dong joined the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) at the University of Colorado and began working for MAVEN after handing in her resume and taking part in a phone interview. Now her main job is to analyze satellite data and compare the results to theoretical predictions.
“The findings released during the new conference are very important and may change the content of school textbooks.” Dong told Chengdu Business Daily.
“It has also provided new information and guidance for future Mars exploration.”
Interested in technical work, Dong said she was never bored at work and will continue focusing on data analysis next year.
“This is the first time that my job got so much attention.” She also added that she found great pleasure in both exploring Mars and eating hotpot.
He Jianming, Dong's high schoolteacher, said that physics is difficult for many girls but not for Dong Yaxue. As a middle school student, she won first prize in the national physics contest.
He said Dong was not the top student in her school. “She never got first in the class, usually ranking tenth to twentieth. But her scores of all subjects were even.”
50．Which of the following statements is NOT right according to the passage
A．Dong is the first Chinese scientist who appeared in a NASA news conference.
B．Dong devotes herself to analyzing data and comparing the theoretical predictions.
C．The findings released are landmarks, which may change what we are learning.
D．Dong's outstanding performance does great credit to his mother school.
51．What's the meaning of the underlined word “even” in the last paragraph
A．Excellent. B．Embarrassing. C．Balanced. D．Awful.
52．What is the article mainly about
A．The introduction of NASA's MAVEN.
B．Dong Yaxue, a Chinese female scientist working for NASA．
C．The latest and important findings on Mars.
D．The NASA news conference.
It is said that most people have not more than 30 friends at any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However, on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends. If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different things in different situations.
Also, there are no rules about friendship. There are no instructions about how to make friends, how to keep friendships going, and how to finish friendships if we want to move on. People have very different opinions about this: some people would die for their friends and they value them more than family. Others say that friends are temporary, only there to help each other until they are no longer needed. If people with such different views become friends, this can lead to problems.
Because of these different definitions of friendship, it is easy to be unhappy about our friendships. We may want them to be deeper or closer, or we may want to have more friends in our lives. Sometimes we simply do not have the time to develop our friendships, or we fear we have left it too late in life to start. If we move to another country or city, we have to find ways to make new friends again.
This dissatisfaction shows us how important friendships are for most of us. We should not think that it could be too late to build friendships. We also need to understand that the need to be around other people is one that is shared by many. Therefore, we should not be too frightened about starting to talk to people who in the future may become our friends: it is likely that they too would like to get closer to us. Remember what people say: strangers are friends we have not met yet.
53．In Paragraph 1, the numbers are used to______.
A．show the ways of making friends B．introduce the topic
C．explain the reason D．persuade readers to make more friends
54．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．There is a rule about making friends.
B．People with different views can become friends.
C．Friendships mean different things to different people.
D．Some people would die for their friends if they need to.
55．We can learn from the passage that most of us ______.
A．need to have friends B．build friendships late in life
C．are dissatisfied with our friends D．are frightened to talk to people
56．What is the authors attitude towards talking to a stranger
A．Uninterested. B．Cautious. C．Doubtful. D．Positive.
Read the advertisements, and then choose the best answers.
Driver WantedClean driving license Must be of smart appearance. Aged over 25. Apply to (申请): Capes Taxis, 17 Palace Road, Boston
Air Hostesses (空姐) for International Flight WantedApplicants (申请者) must be between 20 and 33 years old. Height 1.6m to 1.75m. Education to GCSE standard. Two languages. Must be able to swim. Apply to: Recruitment office, Southern Airlines, Heathrow Airport West HR37KK
Teachers NeededFor private language school. Teaching experience unnecessary. Apply to: The Director of Studies, Instant Language Ltd, 279 Canal Street
57．Ben, aged 22, fond of swimming and driving, has just graduated from a college and can speak two foreign languages. Which job might be given to him
A．Teaching at Instant Language Ltd. B．Working for Southern Airlines.
C．Driving for Capes Taxis. D．None of the three jobs mentioned above.
58．If Mary wants to work for Southern Airlines, she must ______.
A．be over 25 years old
B．look smart and beautiful
C．have some similar working experience
D．speak another language besides her own
59．Where is this passage probably taken from
A．ATV program. B．A travel booklet.
C．A radio program. D．A website.
When the news came that my mother was hospitalized for a heart attack, I was in Peru on a hiking trip. That evening, before I could board the plane to Italy, I was informed that she had passed away. Sadness and the feeling of not being there for my mother when she needed me most broke all excuses Id made up to stay away trying to make it as a “travel writer”. There wasn’t much I could do to stop that urge to denounce myself.
My mother Tundra stayed in her northern Italian world most of her life, where I always stood out as a freak and the one doing worthless silly things. But my stories from distant places aroused her curiosity and brought her comfort. To her, I was a courageous adventurer, and her words towards my achievements which are in sign if cant now pushed me forward on that unconventional path.
After handling my mother’s affairs in Italy, I decided to leave for Penang Island, one of the most visited places in Penang, Malaysia. With all the international travel I’d done, in truth I’d always treated it more like as top for necessary and urgent breaks, rather than a proper destination. Yet then, I missed its atmosphere that made me feel at home somehow.
Returning there, I reconnected with backwoods by going on hikes. It was hard to put my feelings into words, but the rainforest held something uniquely comforting. This experience was similar to stepping into an ancient, purer world that made one consider human nature and problems. Besides, the sound of strange insects was almost like a language, whispering to me that I should let go of the past, and only focus on current life. Like an oil leak, that suffering fell out of me and into every footprint left.18 months passing, I look back on the time spent in the natural world and timeless environment, knowing I’ve pulled through.
60．What does the underlined word “denounce” mean in the first paragraph
A．Blame. B．Support. C．Doubt. D．Encourage.
61．What’s the attitude of the author’s mother to his travel
A．Worried. B．Favorable. C．Disapproving D．Excited.
62．What did Penang Island mean to the author in the past
A．A special second home. B．A hard-to-reach destination.
C．A distant tourist attraction. D．A much-needed resting place.
63．What does the author intend to tell in the text
A．Hiking builds up his confidence. B．Penang is a good place to restart.
C．Nature helps him overcome sorrow. D．It’s important to live in the moment.
If you’ve ever start da sentence with, “If I were you...” or found yourself scratching your head a taco league’s headache over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear, there’s a scientific reason behind it. Our own decision-making abilities can become declined over the course of the day causing in decision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesn’t suffer the same trouble.
The problem is “decision fatigue(疲劳)”, a psychological phenomenon that greatly damages the quality of your choice safer along day of decision making, says Evan Polman, a leading psychologist.
Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics(抗生素) to patients when it’s unwise to do so. “Presumably(据推测) it’s because it’s simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further,” Polman says.
But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. When people imagine themselves as advisers and imagine their own choices as belonging to someone else, they feel less tired and rely lesson decision shortcuts to make those choices. “By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue,” he says. “It’s as if there’s something fun and liberating about making someone else’s choice.”
Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process; it often also includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good, says Polman. “When people experience decision fatigue—when they a retired of making choices―they have a tendency to choose to go with the status quo,” he says. “But it can be problematic, since a change in the course of action can sometimes be important and lead to a positive outcome.”
64．What does the author say about people making decisions
A．They become exhausted when making too many decisions for themselves.
B．They are more cautious in making decisions for others than for themselves.
C．They are more likely to make decisions in the way advantageous to themselves.
D．They show considerable variations in their decision-making competence.
65．When do people feel less decision fatigue
A．When they take decision shortcuts.
B．When they help others to make decisions.
C．When they have major decisions to make.
D．When they have advisers to turn to.
66．What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in
A．Turn to physicians for advice. B．Make risky decisions.
C．Adopt a totally new perspective. D．Resist trying something new.
67．What does the phrase “the status quo” in paragraph 5 refer to
A．The decision fatigue. B．The existing situation.
C．The different choice. D．The positive outcome.
Robotic surgery is one thing, but sending a robot inside the body to car you tan operation is quite another, which has long been a goal of some researchers to produce tiny robotic devices. These devices are capable of traveling through the body to deliver drugs or to make repairs without the need for a single cut, the possibility of which has just got a bit closer.
However, unlike the plot of one film — which featured a microscopic crew and submarine traveling through a scientist’s bloodstream this device could not be put into blood vessels (血管) because it is too big. While other types of miniature robots that can be swallowed were developed in the past, their role has mostly been limited to capturing images inside the body. In a presentation this week to the International Conference, Daniela Rus and Shuhei Miyashita of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology described a robot they have developed that can be swallowed and used to collect dangerous objects accidentally taken in.
To test their latest version, Dr. Rus and Dr. Miyashita designed a robot as a battery hunter, which might seem to be an odd task. However, more than 3,500 people in America alone, most of them children, swallow the tiny button cells used in small electronic devices by accident every year. To start with, the researchers created an artificial esophagus (食道) and stomach made out of silicone (硅胶). It was closely modeled on that found in a pig and filled with medical liquid; the robot itself is made from several layers of different materials, including pig intestine (肠), and contains a little magnet (磁铁). This is folded up and wrapped in a 10mmx27mm capsule of ice. Once this reaches the stomach, the ice melts and the robot unfolds which is moved and guided with the use of a magnetic field outside the body. In their tests, the robot was able to touch a button battery and draw it with its own magnet, and during dragging it along, the robot could then be directed towards the intestines where it would eventually be gotten rid of through the anus. After it, the researchers sent in another robot loaded, with medication to deliver it to the site of the battery to speed up healing.
The artificial stomach being transparent on one side, the researchers can see the batteries and visually control the robots. If not, that will require the help from imaging system, which will be a bit more of a challenge, but Dr. Rus and Dr. Miyashita, are determined to succeed.
68．According to the passage, the robot operation will probably be able to .
A．travel through a scientist’s bloodstream
B．photograph the body to convey it to the doctor
C．enter the body to deliver drugs or make repairs
D．operate on a person outside the body completely
69．We learn from paragraph 3 that .
A．the researchers did the experiment on a chosen animal
B．the robot took necessary drugs besides a little magnet
C．digesting the swallowed batteries is difficult for children
D．the actual size of the robot maybe larger than the capsule of ice
70．What may the experiment mean to the medical world
A．The surgeries will cost patients much money.
B．Patients will suffer less for some surgeries.
C．Fewer children will swallow the button cells.
D．A robot will be invented traveling blood vessels.
71．Which can be the most suitable title for the passage
A．An Experiment on Robot B．Tiny Robot, Significant Role
C．The Robotic Voyage in Body D．The Exploration of Robot Technology
It’s normal to long for the taste of potato chips or a cheese-covered pizza. Even though they’re full of calories, eating them occasionally won’t do much harm. However, according to the new numbers, young people are becoming more gluttonous. The BBC’s Good Food Nation Survey showed that on average, 16 to 20-year-olds ate fast food at least twice a day in the UK. So what’s behind this fast food binge (狂热)
WebMD, an online publisher of news and information of human health and well-being, surveyed nearly 600 teenagers and adults in the United States. They found that the most common reason was our busy lifestyle. More than 92.3 percent of respondents said they were too busy to cook. Many find it challenging to balance work and life, and the convenience of fast food meets their needs. Fast food is readily available in corner stores and vending machines (自动售货机). Remember those instant noodle cups from the supermarket They’re ready in minutes, and you can store them at home for a long time.
But many people think this trend does no good. Sarah Toule, head of health information at World Cancer Research Fund, told the BBC: “It’s frightening that people, especially younger generations, are eating so much fast food loaded with fat, sugar and salt, but offers little nutritional value.”
She added, “Especially high in calories, fast food leads to unhealthy weight gain-which in turn increases the risk of 11 cancers later in life.”
So what is the right thing to do Toule suggested that young people should prepare meals in advance and learn to include the different food groups in their diets.
72．What does the underlined phrase “more gluttonous” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Smarter. B．Healthier. C．Greedier. D．Lazier.
73．What is the main idea of paragraph 2
A．People should make a change to their busy lifestyle.
B．Fast food helps people balance their work and life.
C．Fast food is becoming popular with teenagers and adults.
D．Nowadays people have more challenges both in work and life.
74．According to Sarah Toule, fast food ______.
A．can’t provide enough nutrition for eaters B．will lead to 11 cancers
C．can help lose weight D．is easy to prepare ahead of time
75．In which part of a newspaper can you read the text
A．Culture. B．Education. C．History. D．Health.
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有关“深层生命”的研究显示，我们脚下的地面中蕴藏着一个丰富的生物世界，许多地下微生物生存在其中。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Some microorganisins have been alive for thousands of years, barely moving except with shifts in earthquakes or eruptions.（有些微生物已经存活了数千年，除了地震或火山爆发的变化，它们几乎没有移动过。）”可知，有些地下微生物几乎保持静止状态。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The team consists of 1,200 scientists from 52 countries in disciplines ranging from geology and microbiology to chemistry and physics.（该团队由来自52个国家的1200名科学家组成，他们的学科涉及地质学、微生物学到化学和物理学。）”可知，多个领域的科学家参与了这次的研究中。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The scientists have been wondering about the point beyond which life can’t exist, but the deeper they dig, the more life they find. There is a temperature maximum — currently 122℃ — but they believe this record will be broken if they keep exploring and developing more advanced instruments.（科学家们一直想知道生命不可能存在的临界点，但他们挖得越深，发现的生命就越多——目前的最高温度是122℃，但他们相信，如果他们继续探索和开发更先进的仪器，这个记录将被打破。）”可知，生命的数量随着挖掘深度的增加而增加。因此，科学家们深入研究的目的在于发现生命深度的极限所在。故选A项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第一段的“Regardless of extreme heat, no light and intense pressure, scientists estimate it has between 15 billion and 23 billion tonnes of microorganisms. “It’s like finding a whole new reservior of life on Earth,” said Karen Lloyd, an associate professor at the University of Tennessee.(撇开极热、无光和高压不考虑，科学家估计它有150亿到230亿吨微生物。“这就像在地球上发现了一个全新的生命宝库，”田纳西大学(University of Tennessee)副教授凯伦·劳埃德(Karen Lloyd)说。)”可知，文章介绍了“深层生命”的相关研究，这些研究显示，我们脚下的地面中蕴藏着一个丰富的生物世界，许多地下微生物生存在其中。因此，B项“地球深处充满了生命”符合文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是手指画这种艺术活动的特点和优势。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Finger painting is a simple activity that involves dipping fingers in paints and then using fingers to create objects and shapes on a piece of paper.(手指画是一种简单的活动，用手指蘸上颜料，然后用手指在纸上画出物体和形状。)”可知，手指画很容易画。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段的“When engaging kids in this activity, one should use non-toxic paints only.(当孩子们参与这个活动时，应该只使用无毒的颜料。)”可知，当有孩子参与手指画时，人们应该为他们准备安全的颜料。故选A。
7．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“rather it’s an activity that can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure.(相反，这是一项成年人也能同等享受的活动。)”可知，真实的情况是成年人也可以画手指画，所以“finger painting is for children alone(只有孩子才会画手指画)”是错误的看法，因此划线词fallacy的意思是“误解”，和Misunderstanding意思相近。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据第四段的“There’s no limit to the expression of feelings in finger painting. All one needs to do is go all out and put all their feelings on a piece of paper by dipping their fingers in paints. While painting, one may unconsciously choose colors that reflect their emotions.(在手指画中，感情的表达是没有限制的。一个人所需要做的就是全力以赴，用手指蘸颜料，把自己所有的感受写在纸上。在绘画时，人们可能会不自觉地选择反映自己情绪的颜色。)”可知，手指画可以让人表达自己的情绪，然后接着举出例子“For example, you may choose the color red to express your anger or green to express hope.(例如，你可以选择红色来表达你的愤怒或绿色来表达希望。)”来说明手指画如何帮助人表达情绪，因此第4段的例子说明了手指画提供了自我表达的自由。故选B。
9．C 10．A 11．B 12．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是在数字时代，如何遵守规则而避免抄袭。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Therefore, students can include a small part of copyrighted works in their writing and research if they provide credit, or citation (引文), to the creators of the works. (因此，如果学生向作品的创作者致谢或标注引文，则可以在他们的写作和研究中包括一小部分受版权保护的作品。)”可知，如果学生向原创作者致谢或者是标注引文，可以在写作或者研究中包含一小部分有版权的内容，由此可知要是使用了有版权的内容可以对原创作者致谢或标注引文。故选C项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“First, there are computer programs that compare students’ papers to large databases of published writing. The programs can identify whether students have copied published writing. (首先，有计算机程序将学生的论文与已发表论文的大型数据库进行比较。这些程序可以识别学生是否抄袭了已发表的文章。)”可知，教授可以使用特定的程序，辨别学生是否使用了已发表的写作。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“There are free tools students can use. Zotero is a free, open-source program that helps organize all the research a student may use. (学生们可以使用免费的工具。Zotero是一个免费的开源程序，它有助于组织学生可能使用的所有研究。)”以及“Many universities also have writing centers where students can learn the citation rules. And another way is to read published papers and pay attention to how information is presented. Students should observe when and how citations are used, which can help them learn the rules of citations. ( 许多大学也有写作中心，学生可以在那里学习引文规则。另一种方法是阅读已发表的论文，并注意信息是如何呈现的。学生应该观察引文的使用时间和方式，这可以帮助他们学习引文的规则。)”可知，尾段主要介绍了可以免费使用的一些工具，学生可以学习一些引文的规则，或者是阅读出版的作品，关注一下如何引文的，学生应该观察引文的使用时间和方式，这可以帮助他们学到一些引文的规则，由此可推断，本段主要强调使用引文安全的方法。故选B项。
12．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Universities in the U.S. have rules for avoiding plagiarism. But learning to correctly follow these rules can be difficult for some international students. (美国的大学有避免抄袭的规则。但是对于一些国际学生来说，学会正确遵守这些规则可能很困难。)”可知，首段先引出本文讲述的话题，并结合下文中介绍的各种防抄袭的方法和抄袭的影响以及如何使用引文更安全的方法可知，本文主要介绍的是如何遵循一些规则，避免抄袭。故选D项。
13．C 14．B 15．C 16．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员研发的一种透明木材，在几乎所有方面都有可能超过目前建筑中使用的玻璃。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Heat easily transfers through glass and amounts to higher energy bills when it escapes during cold weather and pours in when it’s warm. Glass production used for construction also comes with a heavy carbon footprint. Manufacturing emissions alone are approximately 25,000 metric tons per year, without considering the heavy footprint of transporting the glass. (热量很容易通过玻璃传递，当它在寒冷的天气里逸出，在温暖的天气里涌入时，就会产生更高的能源账单。用于建筑的玻璃生产也伴随着沉重的碳足迹。不考虑运输玻璃的沉重足迹，仅制造排放量每年约为25,000公吨。)”可知，在窗户建造中使用玻璃造成很高的生态代价。故选C项。
14．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“The wood is then penetrated (注入) with a synthetic polymer called polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), creating a product that is virtually transparent. (然后用一种叫做聚乙烯醇(PVA)的合成聚合物渗透木材，制造出一种几乎透明的产品。)”以及划线部分后文“to remove the light-absorbing substance from the structure (从结构中去除吸收光的物质)”说明通过去除吸收光的物质，这种产品是几乎透明的，从而推知划线词句“The team treated balsa wood to an oxidizing bath, where the wood is kept in a bleach solution at room temperature to remove the light-absorbing substance from the structure. (该团队将巴尔沙木材进行氧化处理，将木材保存在室温下的a bleach solution中，以去除结构中的吸收光的物质。)”其中划线短语意为“使物体变白的液体”。故选B项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“With all of these potential benefits for consumers, manufacturing and the environment, the case for transparent wood couldn’t be clearer. (考虑到所有这些对消费者、制造业和环境的潜在好处，使用透明木材的理由再清楚不过了。)”可知，作者对透明木的态度是欣赏的。故选C项。
16．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“Could looking through trees be the view to a greener future Trees replacing the clear glass in your windows is not a work of science fiction. It’s happening now. (透过树木可以看到更绿色的未来吗？树木取代了窗户上的透明玻璃并不是科幻小说。它正在发生。)”及第二段中“Researchers found that transparent wood has the potential to outperform glass currently used in construction in nearly every way. (研究人员发现，透明木材在几乎所有方面都有可能超过目前建筑中使用的玻璃。)”可知，创新使人们拥有高科技住宅将成为现实，研究人员应该相信“创新是科学住房的生命力”。故选A项。
17．C 18．D 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了加拿大三个比较小众的旅行景点：落基山脉、卢嫩堡和丘吉尔城。
17．细节理解题。根据Rocky Mountains部分中“Banff was Canada’s first wildlife reserve and these days the town of Banff is the most popular tourist destination in the country.（班夫是加拿大第一个野生动物保护区，如今，班夫镇是加拿大最受欢迎的旅游目的地。）”可知，加拿大第一个野生动物保护区是班夫。故选C项。
18．细节理解题。根据Lunenburg部分中“Fishing has always been big in Lunenburg; most of Atlantic Canada’s deep-sea fishing boats leave from here, and North America’s biggest fish-processing factory is located in the town.（在卢嫩堡，捕鱼业一直都很兴旺；加拿大大西洋沿岸的大部分深海渔船都从这里出发，北美最大的鱼类加工厂就在这里。）”可知，卢嫩堡拥有北美最大的鱼类加工厂。故选D项。
19．细节理解题。根据Churchill部分中“Although it is freezing, many visitors come to see the polar bears, whales, Arctic foxes, and if they are lucky, the Northern Lights.（虽然天气很冷，许多游客还是来看北极熊、鲸鱼、北极狐，如果幸运的话，还能看到北极光。）”和“Tours to see the bears from September to November are the most popular attraction.（从9月到11月观赏北极熊的旅行是最受欢迎的。）”可知，大多数来到丘吉尔城的游客想看到北极熊。故选B项。
20．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了加拿大三个比较小众的旅行景点：落基山脉、卢嫩堡和丘吉尔城。由此可知，文章应该是出自旅游杂志。故选A项。
21．A 22．D 23．B 24．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。威廉·莎士比亚是最伟大的英语作家，文章主要介绍了莎士比亚的生平事迹和成就，以及现代人喜欢看他的戏剧的原因。
21．推理判断题。根据第二段“Shakespeare was born in Stratford upon Avon, located in central England, in 1564. At age 18, he married Anne Hathaway and they had three children. Then Shakespeare went to London to work as an actor and writer. In 1599, the Globe Theatre was built in London. It was in this theatre that some of Shakespeare’s plays were first performed. In 1613, the theatre was destroyed by a fire. However, a modern reconstruction of the theatre was built near the original site in 1997, so even today you can go to the Globe Theatre to see one of Shakespeare’s plays. (莎士比亚于1564年出生在英格兰中部埃文河畔的斯特拉特福德。18岁时，他与安妮·海瑟薇结婚，育有三个孩子。后来，莎士比亚去伦敦当演员兼作家。1599年，环球剧院在伦敦建成。莎士比亚的一些戏剧就是在这个剧院首次演出的。1613年，剧院毁于一场大火。然而，1997年，剧院在原址附近进行了现代重建，所以即使在今天，你也可以去环球剧院看莎士比亚的戏剧。)”可知，本段多处出现年份，是按时间顺序展开的。故选A项。
22．主旨大意题。根据第三段“His surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets and some other poems. He is best known for his plays, which have been translated into every major language and are performed more than those of any other playwright (剧作家) in the world. (他现存的作品包括38部戏剧，154首十四行诗和其他一些诗歌。他最出名的是他的戏剧，这些戏剧被翻译成各种主要语言，比世界上任何其他剧作家的戏剧都要演出得多。)”可知，第三段主要讲了莎士比亚的文学方面的成就。故选D项。
23．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But why do we like these old plays Perhaps it is because they all contain fantastic stories. His characters suffer bloody battles, deaths by poison, and dramatic family battles. His plays are full of exciting storylines and lessons about morality.（但我们为什么喜欢这些老剧呢 也许是因为它们都包含了奇妙的故事。他的角色经历了血腥的战斗、中毒死亡和戏剧性的家庭斗争。他的戏剧充满了激动人心的故事情节和关于道德的教训。)”可知，现代人仍然喜欢读莎士比亚的作品，是为了欣赏其中跌宕起伏的故事情节。故选B项。
24．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hamlet, for example, is about revenge (复仇) and also about how difficult it is to take action sometimes, even when it is important to do so. Hamlet’s father is murdered by another man, who then marries Hamlet’s mother. Everybody wants to see Hamlet dead. Hamlet must take revenge. But will he be able to The famous quote ‘To be or not to be, that is the question’ comes from this play. (例如，《哈姆雷特》讲述的是复仇，也讲述了有时采取行动是多么困难，即使这很重要。哈姆雷特的父亲被另一个男人谋杀，然后这个男人娶了哈姆雷特的母亲。每个人都想看到哈姆雷特死。哈姆雷特必须复仇。但他能做到吗？那句名言‘生存还是毁灭，这是个问题’就出自这部戏。)”可知，杀父仇人成了继父，Hamlet想复仇，但是却很困难，Hamlet处在一个进退两难的境地中。故选C项。
25．A 26．D 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。据一个国际天文学家小组称，一颗新发现的命名为“开普勒-186f”的行星是一颗类地行星，看起来正适合我们所知的生命存在，但预算削减威胁到后续研究。
25．词句猜测题。根据划线词前的内容“Circling a star about 500 light years away, the planet called Kepler-186f is about the same size as Earth. It goes round its star at the right distance for liquid water on the surface. (这颗名为开普勒-186f的行星围绕着一颗500光年外的恒星旋转，其大小与地球差不多。它绕着它的恒星旋转，距离合适，表面上有液态水。)”可知，开普勒-186f大小合适，与恒星距离合适，表面还有液态水，再结合常识可知，这些都是生命存在的必要条件， an essential condition与A necessary thing意思相近，故选A项。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“For the first time, we can actually say we now have a planet that is both Earth-sized and circles in its star’s livable zone. (这是第一次，我们可以说我们现在有了一颗地球大小的行星，它在其恒星的宜居带内运行。)”可知，Kepler-186f的发现之所以举世瞩目是因为对于人类来说，这是一颗与地球大小类似，且同样在宜居带内的星球，这是一个类地行星，故选D项。
27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“But budget cuts threaten that task, says University of California at Los Angeles astrophysicist (天体物理学家) Ben. (但是，加州大学洛杉矶分校的天体物理学家本说，预算削减威胁到这项任务)”，以及最后一段“‘In theory, we could do this in the next couple of decades. But in practice, because there’s no money, it’s not going to happen. It’s not going to happen in my lifetime, for example,’ said Ben. (本说：‘从理论上讲，我们可以在未来几十年内做到这一点。但在实践中，因为没有钱，这不会发生。比如，这在我的有生之年是不可能发生的。’)”可知，Ben对于未来的研究很担忧是因为资金短缺，故选C项。
28．B 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种结合乐趣与学习的学习APP，以帮助孩子们在玩游戏的同时能学习。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Word Creativity Kit aims not only to make creative writing fun but also build up grammar rules.(单词创意工具包的目的不仅是让创意写作变得有趣，而且还能建立语法规则。)”可知，该APP对于孩子的阅读有帮助。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据文章四个小标题“Understanding Math ($ 3.99;iOS) (理解数学($ 3.99；iOS))”、“Word Creativity Kit ($2.99;iOS) (单词创意工具包（2.99美元；iOS）)”、“Barefoot World Atlas1($ 4.99;iOS) (赤脚世界图集（4.99美元；iOS）)”以及“My Grades & Homework ($0.99;iOS) (我的成绩和家庭作业（0.99美元；iOS）)”可知，这四款APP都需要付费使用。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The app tracks your child’s progress to determine strengths and weaknesses in different skill areas, and you can customize(订制)your child’s learning experience to suit the needs.(该应用程序跟踪您孩子的进度，以确定不同技能领域的优势和劣势，您可以自定义孩子的学习体验以满足需求。)”以及最后一段“A combination of grades and homework tracker My Grades& Homework can help your child stay organized and on top of the progress in school.(成绩和家庭作业跟踪器My grades & homework的组合可以帮助您的孩子保持条理，并掌握学校