2023年外研版中考英语复习 第四节 代词课件(共99张PPT)

(共99张PPT)
第一部分 基于语义的语法知识篇
词 类
第四节 代词
目录
考点思维导图
01
中考考点回顾
02
考点精讲精练
03
语篇考点专练
04
考点思维导图
中考考点回顾
考点 考查题型及频次 考查内容
人称代词 语法选择（3年1考） 人称代词作主语（2021）
短文填空（5年2考） 人称代词作宾语（2021，2022）
续表
考点 考查题型及频次 考查内容
物主代词 单项填空（2年1考） 形容词性物主代词修饰名词（2018，2019,2020,2022）
语法选择（3年2考）
短文填空（5年2考）
反身代词 单项填空（2年1考） 固定搭配by oneself(2019)
短文填空（5年1考） 反身代词用在动词后作宾语（2018）
不定代词 完形填空（5年1考） 结合语境考查another（2018）
34. Boxing Day，the 26th of December，got _____ name from a time when many rich families gave boxes of gifts to poor people who had to work at Christmas.
A. it’s B. its C. one’s D. one
解析：考查形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选B。
单项填空
The old man smiled and said，“Bring me _52_ bowl of water，but this time enjoy the flowers and the singing of birds as well. ”
A. any B. every C. another D. the other
解析：通过语境考查不定代词another（另一；又一）。故选C。
完形填空
Even today when Will thinks that he won’t be able to do something，he will look back to this experience and keep telling _80_，“one brick at a time”.
解析：考查反身代词用在动词后作宾语。此处指代前文所提到的he。故填himself。
短文填空
35. Nobody taught the old lady how to use WeChat. She learned it all by _____.
A. she B. her C. herself D. hers
解析：考查反身代词by oneself的用法。故选C。
单项填空
In order to save the old village, Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of _74_ own house and other houses.
解析：考查形容词性物主代词修饰名词。此处指代前文所提到的Grandpa Huang。故填his。
短文填空
Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was _35_ first time to make a kite.
A. her B. herself C. hers D. she
解析：考查形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选A。
语法选择
… she helped 12 kids with it！She felt very excited when she saw smiles on _74_ faces.
解析：考查形容词性物主代词修饰名词。此处指代前文所提到的12 kids。故填their。
短文填空
Workers started to build the bridge in May，2018. _33_ cost $2. 8 million and took over two years to complete.
A. It B. Its C. They D. Theirs
解析：考查人称代词作主语。此处指代前文所提到的build the bridge。故选A。
语法选择
One man has turned his interest into love and this love made _66_ write many books about China.
解析：考查人称代词作宾语。此处指代前文所提到的One man。故填him。
短文填空
Finally, _40_ hard work paid off.
A. she B. her C. hers
解析：考查形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选B。
语法选择
The first International Tea Day was on May 21st, 2020. Since then, people have celebrated _75_ every year.
解析：考查人称代词作宾语。此处指代前文所提到的International Tea Day。故填it。
短文填空
考点精讲精练
考点1
人称代词
1. 人称代词的分类
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
2. 人称代词的用法
(1)主格用在动词前，作句子的主语。(2021. 33)
I used to be afraid of the dark. 我过去怕黑。
__________ like the freestyle skier Eileen Gu a lot. 他们非常喜欢自由式滑雪运动员谷爱凌。
They
(2)宾格用在动词或介词之后，作宾语(5年2考)；也可用在系动词之后，作表语。
Please tell him the news. 请告诉他这个消息。
That’s __________, standing on the left. 那是我，站在左边的那一个。
me
3. it的用法
（1）指代上文提到过的内容(人或物)。
I found a book on my desk. But it is not mine. 我在我的桌子上发现了一本书。但它不是我的。
Start a new file and put this letter in __________. 新建一个文件夹，把这封信放进去。
it
（2）用来代替指示代词this 或that (主要针对疑问句的回答)。
—What is that？ 那是什么？
—It is a box. 它是一个盒子。
—What’s this in English？ 这个用英语怎么说？
—__________ is an orange. 它是一个橙子。
It
（3）作人称代词，指代婴儿或未确定身份、性别的人。
The baby cried because it was hungry. 这个婴儿哭了，因为它饿了。
There is a knock on the door. __________ might be the postman. 有人在敲门，有可能是邮递员。
It
（4）表示时间、天气、季节、距离等。
What time is it now？现在几点了？
_______ is five kilometers from here. 它离这里5千米远。
It
（5）常用句型。
①it作形式主语：
It’s+ adj. （＋for sb. ）＋to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）是……的。
It’s+ adj. ＋of sb. ＋to do sth. 某人做某事真是太……
It’s＋ adj. ＋that 从句. ……是……的。
②it作形式宾语：
Sb. find(s) / think(s) it＋ adj. ＋to do sth. 某人发现 / 认为做某事……的。
③其他：
It’s time（for sb. ）to do sth. 是(某人)做某事的时间了。
It seems that 好像……
It is one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了。
( )1. Another three astronauts, Liu Yang, Chen Dong and Cai Xuzhe, have been sent into space. Let’s express (表达) our best wishes to _____. (2022十堰改编)
A. they B. them C. their
B
( )2. —Why are you so excited
—The scientist Huang Xuhua will come to our school. I can’t wait to see _____. (2022鄂州改编)
A. he B. his C. him
C
( )3. Miss Li is our physics teacher. She teaches _____ P. E. as well. (2022恩施州)
A. us B. we C. our
( )4. Even if we are in Grade 9, it’s necessary for _____ to go to bed early and get up early. （2022岳阳）
A. we B. us C. our
A
B
( )5. My best friend and _____ were fixing up the broken machine when the rainstorm came. (2021岳阳)
A. I B. me C. mine
A
1. 物主代词的分类
考点2
物主代词
人称 单数 复数
形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词
第一人称 my mine our ours
第二人称 your yours your yours
第三人称 his his their theirs
her hers
its its
2. 物主代词的用法
(1)形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，作定语，后面接名词。（5年5考）
My dream is to be an engineer. 我的梦想是成为一名工程师。
I’m sure you don’t want to listen to __________ problems. 我肯定你不会想听我的问题。
my
(2)名词性物主代词相当于名词，可作主语、宾语或表语，后面不接名词。
Is this T-shirt yours？ 这件T恤衫是你的吗？
If you can’t find your hat, take __________. 如果找不到你的帽子，就戴我的吧。
mine
( )1. We must clean up _____ classroom before going home. (2022重庆A卷改编)
A. we B. ours C. our
( )2. —Whose camera is this Is it _____
—No, it’s not mine. It’s _____. (2022天津改编)
A. you; him B. yours; him C. yours; his
C
C
( )3. —What is your sister’s favorite color
—_____ favorite color is purple, the Color of the Year for 2022. (2022昆明改编)
A. Her B. She C. Hers
A
( )4. Amy hid under _____ desk in a hurry when the earthquake happened. (2021南京改编)
A. she B. her C. hers
( )5. Mike’s aunt is _____ English teacher. We all like _____. (2021天津改编)
A. our; she B. our; her C. we; her
B
B
1. 反身代词的分类
考点3
反身代词
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself themselves
herself
itself
2. 反身代词的用法
(1)反身代词与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致，意为“某人自己”。反身代词用在动词或介词之后，作宾语(2018. 80)；也可用在系动词之后，作表语；但不能作主语和定语，如果要表示“某人自己的”，则用“one’s own”。
We enjoyed ourselves in the park yesterday. 我们昨天在公园玩得很开心。
He is not quite __________ these days. 这些天他身体不太舒服。
himself
(2)反身代词的固定搭配：
动词+反身代词 介词+反身代词
dress oneself 自己穿衣服 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 help oneself (to) 自用(食物等) hurt oneself 伤了自己 lose oneself (in) 沉迷于 protect oneself 保护自己 teach oneself (=learn by oneself)自学 come to oneself 苏醒
look after oneself 照顾自己
take care of oneself 照顾自己
keep sth. to oneself 保守秘密
say to oneself 自言自语
by oneself 单独地；独自地(2019. 35)
for oneself 为自己
( )1. —Where did you get this sky lantern
—I made it by _____. (2022成都A卷改编)
A. mine B. me C. myself
( )2. —What can we learn from Robinson Crusoe
—We should depend on _____. (2022自贡)
A. us B. our C. ourselves
C
C
( )3. Believe in _____ and you can make it.
(2022重庆B卷改编)
A. you B. yourself C. your
( )4. Tony, help _____ to some fruit. (2021绥化)
A. your B. yourself C. yourselves
B
B
( )5. When I face difficulties, I always say to _____, “Never give up!” (2021十堰改编)
A. myself B. my C. mine
A
1. 指示代词的分类
考点4
指示代词
单数 复数
this(这个) these(这些)
that(那个) those(那些)
2. 指示代词的用法
(1)this和these指在空间或时间上较近的人或事物。
Is this the book you are looking for？这是你要找的书吗？
__________ cookies are made by my mother. 这些曲奇饼干是我妈妈做的。
These
(2)that和those指在空间或时间上较远的人或事物。
Look！ What’s that in the sky？看！天空中的是什么？
__________ are the problems we want to solve. 那些是我们想要解决的问题。
Those
(3)this 和that可用于电话用语，this表示自己，that表示对方。
—Hello！Who’s that？你好！你是哪位？
—Hello！ This is Mary. 你好！我是玛丽。
__________ is Amy speaking. Who’s __________, please 我是埃米。请问你是谁？
This
that
(4)在疑问句中，若句子主语是this/that/these/those时，回答用it或they代替。
—Is this the bus we want to get on？这是我们要上的公交车吗？
—Yes， it is. 是的，就是它。
—Are those apple trees 那些是苹果树吗
—Yes, __________ are. 是的，它们是。
they
(5)在比较结构的句子中，that 用来代替前面提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词，those用来代替前面提到的复数可数名词。
The weather in Heilongjiang is colder than that in Guangdong in winter. 在冬天时，黑龙江的天气比广东的天气要冷。
Students who read a lot write better than ______ who don’t like reading. 阅读量大的学生写作比那些不爱阅读的学生好。
those
( )1. _____ pictures about Canton Tower are as amazing as _____about the Baiyun Mountain.
A. These； this B. This； that C. These； those
( )2. —Are _____ Tom’s pencils —Yes, _____ are.
A. those; that B. these; they C. this; those
C
B
( )3. —Look! ____ building near us was built last year.
—Yes, and I know _____ one over there was built the first half of this year.
A. This； this B. That； that C. This； that
C
( )4. The performance of Class 1 is much better than _____ of Class 2.
A. this B. that C. these
( )5. The cars made in Germany are more expensive than _____ made in Japan.
A. those B. that C. this
B
A
1. 不定代词的分类
考点5
不定代词
普通不定代词 复合不定代词
all, each, every, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no something, anything, everything, nothing
somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody
someone, anyone, everyone, no one
2. 不定代词的用法
(1)both, either和neither用于谈论两个人或事物。
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
both 意为“(两者)都”;作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 Both of you are wrong. 你们两个都是错的。
续表
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
either 意为“(两者中的)任意一个”；作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 There are two apples. You can take either of them. 这里有两个苹果。你可以任选一个。
neither 意为“(两者中)没有一个”；作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 Neither of the answers is correct. 两个答案都不对。
①Neither of my parents ________ come yet. 我父母都还没回来。
②Both children ________ lost in 2015. 两个孩子都在2015年失踪了。
③Come on Tuesday or Wednesday. Either day _______ OK. 星期二或者星期三来吧。这两天哪一天都行。
has
were
is
(2)all, any和none用于谈论三个或以上的人或事物。
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
all 意为“(三者或以上)都” All of them are students. 他们所有人都是学生。
any 意为“(三者或以上的)任意一个” I don’t like any of these books. 这些书我一本都不喜欢。
none 意为“(三者或以上中)没有一个” None of these pens work. 这些钢笔没有一支能用。
①________ child who breaks the rules will be punished. 任何违反规章的孩子都要受罚。
②They ________ speak excellent English. 他们都会说一口流利的英语。
③We have three sons but ________ of them live nearby. 我们有3个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。
Any
all
none
(3)each和every 都表示“每一个”；“each/every+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
each ①相当于形容词，也可作代词，可单独使用 ②后面可接of短语 ③指两者或以上的人或事物中的“每一个”，侧重个体 Each of you can try twice. 你们每一个人都可以试两次。
续表
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
every ①相当于形容词，只可作定语，不可单独使用 ②后面不可接of短语 ③指三者或以上的人或事物中的“每一个”，侧重总体 Every room is clean and tidy. 所有房间都很干净整洁。
【注意】each不能与almost, nearly或not等词连用，而要用every
①On ________ sides of the street, there are lots of tall buildings. 在街道的两边，有许多高楼大厦。
②Almost ________ window was broken. 几乎每一扇窗子都破了。
each
every
(4)other, others, the other, the others和another的意义及用法。
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
other 意为“其他的”，作定语，后接复数名词 He studies English and other subjects. 他学习英语和其他的科目。
others 意为“其他”，相当于“other+复数名词”，可作主语或宾语，后不可接名词 Some students are dancing，and others are singing. 一些学生在跳舞，其他人在唱歌。
续表
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
the other 意为“(两者中的)另一个”或“其余的”，可作主语、宾语或定语，后可接也可不接名词。常与one连用，构成“one … and the other …”，意为“一个……另一个……” I have two brothers. One is a lawyer and the other is a doctor. 我有两个兄弟。一个是律师，另一个是医生。
续表
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
the others 意为“其余的全部”,相当于“the other+复数名词”，可作主语或宾语，后不可接名词 Five boys are playing badminton, and the others are playing football. 5个男孩正在打羽毛球，其余的都在踢足球。
续表
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
another (2018. 52) 意为“(三者或以上的)另一个（的）”，可作主语、宾语、表语或定语，代替或修饰单数可数名词。若后面的名词有数词或few修饰时，则也可接复数名词 This hat is too small. Show me another one，please. 这顶帽子太小了，请给我看另一顶。
The homework is too difficult. I need another two hours to finish it. 作业太难了，我还需要两个小时才能完成。
①On the team only two players are from Canada, _____________ are all Chinese. 队里只有两名队员来自加拿大，其他的都是中国人。
②The twins work in different cities. One is in Beijing, and _____________ is in Tianjin. 这对双胞胎在不同的城市工作。 一个在北京，另一个在天津。
the others
the other
③I am still hungry. Can I have ________ egg 我还是很饿。我可以再吃一个鸡蛋吗
④Some students like collecting stamps, ________ like collecting postcards. 有些学生喜欢集邮，有些学生喜欢收集明信片。
⑤There is one or two ________ problems I’d like to discuss. 我还想谈论一两个其他的问题。
another
others
other
(5)many, much, a little, little, a few, few用于表示数量。
意义及用法 很多；许多 有一些；有几个(表肯定) 没多少；几乎没有(表否定)
表示可数名词 many a few few
表示不可数名词 much a little little
①There were ________ people sitting at the back of the hall. 大厅后面坐着几个人。
②Many people expressed concern, but ________ were willing to help. 许多人表示了关心，但是愿意帮忙的几乎没有。
③I don’t have ________ money with me. 我身上没带很多钱。
a few
few
much
④She has lived in Spain for ________ years. 她在西班牙已经住了许多年。
⑤I paid ________ attention to what the others were saying. 我不大注意别人在说什么。
⑥Susan speaks ________ French. 苏珊会说一点法语。
many
many
a little
(6)复合不定代词由 some, any, every, no 加one, body, thing 构成。
①复合不定代词可作主语、宾语或表语。复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。有形容词修饰时，形容词放在复合不定代词后面。
I have something important to say. 我有些重要的话要说。
②some-一类复合不定代词一般用于肯定句；也可用于疑问句，表示请求、建议或反问。
Will someone please explain what’s going on 谁能说说是怎么回事？
③any-一类复合不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中；也可用于肯定句，强调“任何人/事/物”。
You can buy anything you like. 你想要什么都可以买。
( )1. —This dress is too long, please give me _____ one.
—Sure, madam. Give _____ back to me and try on this one (2021铜仁改编)
A. other; one B. other; ones C. another; it
C
( )2. —_____ is in the classroom. Where are the students
—They are all in the chemistry laboratory.
(2021贵港改编)
A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody
C
( )3. On the website, you can chat with _____ in English to improve your spoken English. (2021大庆改编)
A. others B. another C. the other
( )4. —Which dress do you prefer, the red one or the green one
—_____. I like blue. (2021黄石改编)
A. Both B. Either C. Neither
A
C
( )5. —Four children were walking under a small umbrella. _____ of them got wet. Can you guess why
—Because it was not raining! (2021东营改编)
A. All B. None C. Most
B
疑问代词指who， which， whom， whose， what等用于引导特殊疑问句的代词。疑问代词的主要用法如下表：
考点6
疑问代词
疑问代词 主要用法 举例
who 用于询问某人的身份、姓名，作主语、表语、宾语(作宾语时不能放在介词之后) Who is that woman 那个女的是谁？
续表
疑问代词 主要用法 举例
whom who的宾格形式，作宾语 Whom did they invite？他们邀请了谁？
whose who的所有格形式，常作表语、定语 Whose umbrella is it？ 这是谁的伞？
续表
疑问代词 主要用法 举例
what what可用于询问事物或某人的职业、姓名等 What’s your name？你叫什么名字？
what指不定数目中的“哪一个；哪一些；什么”，没有一定范围的限定 What color is your car？你的车是什么颜色？
续表
疑问代词 主要用法 举例
which which意为“哪一个”，指在一定范围内特指的人或物 Which color do you like， red or black？你喜欢哪种颜色，红色还是黑色？
( )1. —Jack, _____ are you reading
—The Dream of the Red Mansions by the famous Chinese writer,Cao Xueqin.
A．who B. how C. what
C
( )2. —_____is in charge of the student union？
—Tom．He has a lot of experience．
A．Whom B. Whose C. Who
( )3. —_____do you like best among so many toys？
—The one with a short tail.
A. Who B. Which C. Why
C
B
( )4. —There is no name on the book the Secret Garden. _____ is it？
—It must be Jenny’s. She likes reading.
A. Whose B. What C. Which
( )5. To _____ did she address the letter
A. who B. whom C. whose
A
B
更多代词辨析及短语归纳可见于《中考高频词汇突破》，并建议结合《早读本》进行记忆
编者按
语篇考点专练
一、语法选择
My eight-year-old brother, Jimmy, is an autistic (自闭症的) child. He doesn’t know how to chat with _1_ and can’t even do many things by himself. He also has difficulty following his teachers in class. These things make _2_ feel lonely at school.
others
him
To take better care of him, my mom quit _3_ job and stayed at home. She took Jimmy to the Autism Intervention Institution to get more treatment. However, it hasn’t worked very well. Jimmy still doesn’t know _4_ to behave at school. He can _5_ listen to the teacher nor understand what to do. He always forgets to bring his things home and even loses his books. My
her
how
neither
mom is always worried, but when she talks about Jimmy, she still smiles—_6_ seems that she is still proud of her son.
As Jimmy’s sister, I am also worried about him. I heard that _7_ students encouraged him to misbehave and then laughed at him. The boys even stole others’ pencils and hid _8_ in Jimmy’s bag. Then they told the teacher that Jimmy stole them.
It
a few
them
_9_ time I hear about these things, I get very angry and upset, but my mom asks me not to. She says that _10_ is perfect and Jimmy doesn’t care about it at all. He is always smiling, even though life is hard for him. I love him and I hope things will get better soon and he will grow up happily.
Every
nobody
( )1. A. another B. the others C. others
( )2. A. he B. his C. him
( )3. A. she B. her C. hers
( )4. A. how B. what C. who
( )5. A. neither B. either C. both
C
C
B
A
A
( )6. A. It B. That C. This
( )7. A. little B. a few C. few
( )8. A. they B. their C. them
( )9. A. Some B. None C. Every
( )10. A. somebody B. nobody C. everybody
A
B
C
C
B
二、短文填空
Have you ever heard of Jiang Mengnan _1_ is an unusual girl. She received the award of Person Touching China for 2021 (感动中国2021年度人物) on March 3rd. In 2018, she was accepted by Tsinghua University as a PhD (博士) student. _2_ was a long journey for her to become a student of the famous
She
It
university because most of her life was in a silent world. _3_ story has moved thousands of people.
Jiang was _4_ in 1992. Her parents named her Mengnan which means “dream and south”. They wished that _5_ daughter would enjoy a life of peace. However, when she was six months old, her peaceful and beautiful life changed. She _6_ her hearing because
their
Her
born
lost
of taking the wrong medicine. As she grew up, she began to learn lip-reading (唇读). She overcame lots of difficulties and practiced more than 1,000 _7_ to learn to pronounce each word correctly.
Through her hard work, she entered Jilin University with a high score of 615 marks in 2011. Jiang decided to study life science in Tsinghua University
times
because she hoped she could _8_ all her life on people’s health. During her college days, she was a volunteer to _9_ the disabled children in her hometown.
“For people who are deaf like _10_, I want to tell them that we can do as much as the normal people, and maybe we can even do better!” (2022贵港改编)
spend
help
me
1. ________________ 2. ________________
3. ________________ 4. ________________
5. ________________ 6. ________________
7. ________________ 8. ________________
9. ________________ 10. ________________
their
She
spend
It
Her
born
lost
times
help
me
THANKS!