(共19张PPT)
中考高频词汇突破
第一节 同义词、近义词的归纳总结和辨析
名词类辨析
【辨析】
(1)noise意为“噪音;喧闹声”,常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。
(2)voice意为“声音”,指人的嗓音或说话、唱歌时发出的声音。
(3)sound意为“声音;响声”,其使用范围较广,可指自然界各种各样的能被听到的声音。
1.noise, voice, sound
【演练】
( )1.Her _____ sounds sweet.Everybody likes her songs very much.
A.noise B.voice C.sound D.mouth
( )2.At the foot of the hill, you could hear nothing but the _____ of the running water.
A.sound B.voice C.noise D.song
( )3.Don’t make any _____.The baby is sleeping.
A.voice B.song C.noise D.money
B
A
C
【辨析】
(1)home意为“家”,指人们出生或居住的地方,也指“家乡;故乡”。
(2)house意为“住房;住宅”,侧重指人们居住的房子或建筑物。
2.home, house, family
(3)family意为“家庭;家庭成员”,不用于指住房。family强调整体概念的“家庭”时,看作是单数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;强调“家庭成员”时,看作是复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。
注意 families一般表示“多个家庭”。
【演练】
( )1.He has been in Shenzhen for ten years. Shenzhen has become his second _____.
A.home B.family C.house D.place
( )2.He spent a lot of money buying a new _____in Guangzhou last month.
A.home B.house C.family D.room
A
B
( )3.More and more young people go skating with their _____ in winter.
A.family B.home C.house D.building
A
【辨析】
(1) news意为“新闻;消息”,主要指有关最近发生的事情的信息或通过报纸、广播和电视等报道的事件,是不可数名词。
3.news, information, message
(2) information意为“信息;资料”,侧重内容和价值,指在学习、调查或交谈中获得的消息、资料和知识等,是不可数名词。
(3) message意为“消息;信息”,一般指以口头或书面的形式留给某人的“消息”,是可数名词。
【演练】
( )1.She couldn’t help crying when she heard the sad _____.
A.message B.advice C.news D.information
( )2.If you want to get some _____ about the trip to Hainan, please visit this website.
A.news B.information C.messages D.letters
( )3.Kate is not at home.You can leave a _____ for her.
A.message B.information C.news D.word
C
B
A
【辨析】
(1)advice意为“建议;劝告”,指给出关于某人在特定情况下应该做什么的建议,侧重依据个人经验、学识
和正确判断而提出的忠言,是不可数名词。常见搭配有:give some advice, ask for advice等。
(2)suggestion意为“建议;提议”,语气较婉转,侧重于提出供人参考的想法,是可数名词。
4.advice, suggestion
【演练】
( )1.I don’t know what to do.Can you give me some _____?
A.words B.message
C.mistakes D.advice
( )2.Your _____ sound good.I will follow them.
A.suggestions B.introductions
C.information D.advice
D
A
【辨析】
(1)problem意为“困难;难题”,指难以解决的问题,常与动词solve搭配使用。
(2)question意为“问题”,指需要寻找答案的问题,常与动词ask或answer搭配使用。
5.problem, question
注意 此外,problem还可指数学、化学或物理等需通过算数或仔细思考而解决的问题、习题,而question却无此含义。
【演练】
( )1.The homework is so difficult that we have lots of to ask.
A.matters B.troubles C.problems D.questions
( )2.The physics which Max worked out was really difficult.He was a genius!
A.questions B.problems
C.problem D.question
C
D
【辨析】
(1)job指具体的职业或零工,是可数名词。
(2)work指人们日常生活或工作中从事的体力或脑力劳动,是不可数名词。另外,work还可意为“著作;作品”,是可数名词,复数形式为works。
6.job, work
【演练】
( )1.The room is in a mess.We have to do a lot of _____ to make it clean.
A.jobs B.work C.works D.job
( )2.He was a lucky dog because he got a good _____ after graduating from university.
A.task B.job C.work D.worker
B
B
( )3.Lu Xun’s _____ are famous all over the world. Many people like reading them.
A.work B.works C.jobs D.job
B
THANKS!