北京市门头沟区2021-2023年中考英语一模试题分类汇编：阅读理解（含解析）

北京市门头沟区
2021-2023年中考英语一模试题分类汇编
阅读理解
2023年北京市门头沟区中考一模英语试题
三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
A
Read and match the people with what they talked about.
Everyone needs water,and it'simportant in our daily life. World WaterDay is on March 22. Mark, Emma andTony shared some of their ideas withtheir classmates on this year's WorldWater Day.
Mark 21.________ The human(人类的) body is around 60% water, and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. As well as needing clean water to drink, we need it for cooking, washing and brushing our teeth. Farmers use waterto make the plants grow.A lot of water is used to produce the clothes we wear.
Emma 22. ________ A lot of charities(慈善机构)organize fundraising(募捐) events for World Water Day. People do things like sponsored(为慈善活动捐资) walks, cycles and swims. People give them money to do these things, and all this money helpsprovide clean water to as many people as possible around theworld.
Tony 23. ________ If we drink dirty water or we can't wash our hands whenwe go to the toilet, we can catch diseases and become ill. Morethan two thousand children worldwide die every day fromdiarrhoea caused by dirty water. In some countries, people mainly women and children - walk many kilometers every dayto get water, and sometimes the water isn't even clean!
21. ________ 22. ________ 23. ________ A. Ways of getting clean water. B. Ways of solving the problems. C. The basic roles of water. D. The problems caused by dirty water.
B
A Good Deed(行为)
Bob, a ten-year-old boy, was playing on the grass in a garden. He enjoyed the singingbirds,colourful butterflies and the lovely squirrels. It was theirown free kingdom. Bob feltlike an outsider. He decided to give them space to enjoy freely.
He lay on the grass,feeling like sunbathing on a beach. As he enjoyed the sight of theblue sky, he couldn't help but thought, "What a wonderful world it is!”
Bob was always ready to help others, whether animals or humans. He thought of keeping water in a bowl for watering the birds and animals. Bob stretched(伸) out his hands and saw some squirrels. He fed the squirrels some biscuits.
Suddenly, a small bird fell to the ground before his eyes. Being a passionate(狂热的)animal lover, he couldn't bear to see the little bird suffer (受苦). He remembered his teacher's advice to do a good deed every day, and he decided to take care of the bird.
He picked up the bird and rushed to his room, where he found some cold ice in the fridge and sprinkled(喷洒) water on the bird. The bird woke up after being given water.
Then Bob said that he had done a good job for the day, as his teacher, Miss Shyla,hadinstructed in the class.
Overjoyed by Bob's kindness, his mother and his teacher praised him for his good deed.Bob
smiled, feeling proud of himself and knowing that he had done something good in theworld. He felt a sense of peace and enjoyment.He knew that he had made a small difference inthe world.
He looked up at the sky, feeling grateful(感激的) for the beauty of the world and the kindness in people's hearts.
24. Where did Bob lie in the garden
A.On the bed. B.On the grass. C. On the beach. D.On the ground.
25. What did Miss Shyla advise Bob to do every day
A. To help his parents. B. To go to school early
C. To do a good deed. D.To finish his homework on time.
26. What kind of person is Bob
A. Busy and wise. B. Brave and peaceful.
C. Kind and polite. D. Kind and helpful.
C
Simple Things You Can Do to Get Through Hard Times
Life is a long journey. Sometimes you're up, sometimes you're down.But it's the difficulttimes when we need a little more support and guidance.
I believe how you respond(回应) in your moments of failure tells what kind of person you are. Here's how to make getting through hard times less difficult:
1.Stay Positive(积极的)
Now I know this may sound cliché (老生常谈), but the thing about cliches is that they're typically true.
I'm not saying that you can never have a bad day,or get a little discouraged. But I amsaying you have to finally pick up the pieces and start moving forward.
2.________________
When I find myself in the middle of an ugly situation, I like to seewhat went wrong andwhat I could have done differently.
I always end up learning something that helps me and I finally get a really clear picture ofwhat I need to do to make sure I'm not in the same situation again.
3.Focus on What You Can Control，Not What You Can't
Some situations are beyond your control and no matter what you do, you can't change athing.
You're setting yourself up for failure when you focus your time and energy on things you can't control. You're also making the situation seem even more bleak (无望的) than it actually is because you're focusing on the bad things.
You should instead focus on the things that are within your control because that's the onlyway you can make a change that's actually going to help you.
4.Realize You've Come a Long Way
Sometimes we get so focused on the road ahead that we never look back to see whatwe've already traveled.You'll be more confident when you realize that you've made so muchprogress and the light at the end of the tunnel will get brighter.
5. Be Kind to Yourself
You need to care for yourself to make it through hard times. Take a walk through the park,lift some weights, or read an amazing book.
It doesn’t matter what you do, just do something that gets your mind and body busy at a higher level than wallowing(沉迷) in self-pity.
27. According to the passage, which statement is true
A. In order to stay positive, you should avoid having a bad day.
B. We should focus more on the road ahead and make it better.
C. Pay attention to the things beyond your control to make a chan
D. Different people respond differently in their moments of failure.
28. Which is the best heading for Paragraph 6 and 7
A. Learn From the Difficult Times B. Prepare for the Difficult Times
C. Know Yourself in the Difficult Times D. Keep Learning in the Difficult Times
29.Which is probably the best way to get through hard times
A.Staying at home and doing nothing. B.Giving up learning new things.
C.Focusing your energy on bad things. D.Riding a bike in the countryside.
D
Limiting Social-media Use Leads to Improved Body Image(外形) among YoungPeople
Teens and young adults who cut their social media use by 50% for a few weeks sawsignificant(显著的) improvement in how they felt about both their weight and theirappearance, according to the American Psychological Association research.
“Adolescence(青春期) is a vulnerable(脆弱的) period for the development of bodyimage problems, eating disorders(失调) and mental(精神的) illness,” said Gary Goldfield,PhD, from Ontario Research Institute. “Youth are spending, on average(平均), between six toeight hours every day on screens, much of it on social media. Social media can show usershundreds or even thousands of photos of fashion models every day. They are beauty ideals(理想) that are unreachable for almost everyone and can lead to greater displeasure with bodyweight and shape among young people.”
However, much of the research on social media, body image and mental health iscorrelational, according to Goldfield, so it is uncertain whether people with body image andmental health problems spend more time on social media or if social media use leads to greaterbody image and mental health problems.
The study examined 220 university students, aged 17 to 25, who regularly used socialmedia on their smart phones and had signs of depression(抑郁) or nervousness. During thefirst week, the students were told to use social media as usual. Half of them were then told tolimit their social-media use to an hour a day for the next three weeks, while those in thecontrol group were not.
During the three weeks, students in the first group cut their social-media use by about half,to an average of 78 minutes a day, while the control group averaged 189 minutes a day. Thosewho cut their social-media use showed improvements on test scores of how they regarded theirappearance and body weight. The control group showed no significant changes. Theresearchers did not find significant differences between genders(性别).
“Our short four-week intervention(干预) using screen-time trackers showed that reducingsocial media use produced significant improvements in appearance and weight in troubledyouth with heavy social media use,” said Goldfield. “Cutting social media use is a possiblemethod ofproducing a short-term good effect on body image among a vulnerable populationof users.”
30.The word “correlational” in Paragraph 3 probably mean “______”.
A.related B.common C.separate D.opposite
31.Paragraph 4 is mainly about ______.
A.why the study was performed B.how the study was performed
C.who the study examined D.what the study showed
32.What can you learn from the passage
A.Watching photos of fashion models makes young people feel satisfied with their body.
B.The study showed great differences young man improved better than young women.
C.During the four weeks, students were told to limit their media-use to the average level.
D.Young people are easy to have body image, eating disorders and mental problems inadolescence.
33.Why does the author write this passage
A.To discuss the good and bad effects of cutting social media use.
B.To compare what roles genders play among heavy social media users.
C.To explain why many young people have the signs of depression or nervousness.
D.To introduce a method to solve body image problems for heavy social media users.
2022年北京市门头沟区中考一模英语试卷
三、阅读单选
Hey everyone! Let’s talk about the best ways to celebrate birthday today.
Sophia On your birthday, you should send your parents flowers and a card, letting them know how much you love them. You are actually the biggest achievement in their life, so this small action every year will give them happiness and make them proud of you.
Steve Spend your birthday with the homeless, and give them a meal in a restaurant. This action is really touching, so if you are going to celebrate your birthday alone, you should try sharing your wealth and happiness with other people.
Curry Spending time learning new things on your birthday is a great thing. It could be something as cool as learning to make fruit ice-cream. Every birthday, you should try something new. It would be never too late for you to learn new things.
Kate You can do anything that can make you happy. Wear a funny cap, buy yourself balloons, or eat out at your favorite restaurant if these are the things you want to do. More importantly, you should come to people who can make you feel happy to spend time with.
21．Who suggests sending parents flowers and a card on birthdays A．Sophia. B．Steve. C．Curry. D．Kate.
22．Steve’s suggestion is that you should ________ on birthdays.
A．send parents flowers B．give the homeless a meal
C．learn new useful things D．buy yourself balloons
23．According to Kate, it’s important to ________ on birthdays.
A．make your parents happy B．share happiness with others
C．learn new and useful things D．come to people making you happy
Teacher Helped Her Student Study as He Fought with Cancer (癌症)
Barb Heim is in her 35th year teaching first grade at Conneaut Valley Elementary School in Pennsylvania. It was near the end of 2019 when Heim noticed there was something wrong with one of her students. Instead of being active as usual at break time, Harrison Conner would turn pale and have to sit down while the other kids were playing.
Heim and the school nurse told Harrison’s mother about it before the Christmas break. During the holiday break, Harrison was rushed to a Pittsburgh hospital. They told him he had cancer of the blood.
During his cancer treatment, Heim volunteered to drive out to his home after school to make sure he wouldn’t fall behind. Every day she brought lessons, fruit and hope.
“It goes far beyond Heim’s just coming here for school,” said Harrison’s mother. “Ever since the minute he left school, she has been completely amazing. She has kept Harrison a part of the kids’ lives in school, making sure that he feels remembered.”
“She’s not like a teacher who is coming from school to teach, but like an aunt who is coming over to hang out, bringing goodies (好吃好玩的), and always wearing a smile. My kids will meet her at the front door with all the latest news and it’s really special.”
“Harrison is getting better now, but he has another year of treatment at home. Thanks to Mrs. Heim, he’s now excellent in second grade.”
“It was a joy, because I knew he wanted to learn,” Heim said, “He couldn’t wait. He was so excited. And he’d have his days off if medicine was causing him to not feel up to it. But even if it wasn’t the best day for him, we made it through and he always did his best.”
24．While the other kids were playing, Harrison Conner would ________.
A．sit down B．turn pale C．leave school D．get active
25．During his cancer treatment, the teacher drove to Harrison’s home to give him ________.
A．homework B．medicine C．grades D．lessons
26．How was Harrison Conner like when he was in second grade
A．He was disappointed. B．He was behind others.
C．He was excellent. D．He was back to school.
Although you can make choices and plans for life, no one can ever be prepared for the unexpected. When these unexpected situations add up, it’s easy to become overly worried and feel as if your life is out of control. This is why we often try to find control whenever we can.
Feeling as if your life is out of control comes from the anxiety(焦虑) that you don’t know what you really want and what will happen to you. People have no idea when bad luck may visit and for how long, so it produces the feelings like sadness, disappointment, and anger. Some of the below steps may be useful when life starts to feel out of control.
Pause(暂停)and Take a Break
It is important to take a break every now and then. It is perfectly OK to take some time to yourself; think over, relax, and practice self-care.
Take Control of Things You Can Change
Even though people may not have control of everything in their lives, they do still have control of some things. Work on changing the things in life that you do have control over, like going to the gym a bit more, eating fewer sweets, or staying away from a bad person. Even if it is the littlest of things, it can help in establishing a sense of control and optimism (乐观主义)in your life.
Be Confident in Your Life Decisions
Sometimes life can feel out of control when you keep worrying and wondering if you are
making the right choices in life. With the things you do have control over, perhaps you want to make sure you get it just right, almost perfect — but nothing will ever be perfect. Take pride in what you created for your life and, if you made a few bad decisions, learn from them and move forward. These mistakes may have helped develop personal growth and wisdom.
Pick Up a Hobby
Hobbies are a great way to take your mind off of things you can’t change. Whether it be going for a daily walk, or writing down a few sentences in your diary, hobbies may help you to feel a bit of an escape(逃离)from life’s challenges.
27．People feel their life is out of control when ________.
A．they make choices and plans for life B．many unexpected things happen
C．they are prepared for the unexpected D．they know what will happen to them
28．The word “establishing” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A．building B．wondering C．controlling D．writing
29．Why does the writer talk about making bad decisions in Paragraph 5
A．To explain why mistakes help you grow.
B．To make sure you will correct the mistakes.
C．To show you that nothing will ever be perfect.
D．To tell us to learn from our mistakes and keep on.
30．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Why is Your Life Out of Control
B．Make the Right Choices in Your Life
C．Take Control of Everything in Your Life
D．What to Do When Life Feels Out of Control
We often confuse happiness with getting what we want, realizing our dreams and reaching our goals. We think we will be very happy the day we have this or that because it is what we long for with all our strength.
For those of you who think you’ll be happy in the future, I’d like to ask, what about the present That is, you’re not living tomorrow because that will be coming in 24 hours. You are not breathing in the past because it happened yesterday or even before that. However, if you live in the present, enjoying the little you have, you will feel your life is much fuller and happier.
In modern society the idea of happiness is deeply related to what you own. We believe that having things will make us happier. The more money, or goods, or children, or more space at home you own, however, does not make us happy.
In fact, happiness is related to being, not having. The more you get from life, the happier and the better you can be as a person. It is something that does not come from money, but from love and understanding.
You are not happier by getting more, but by being the best you can be. That is, if you focus (聚焦) everything you do in life on being the person you want to be, by bringing out the best in yourself and behaving as your heart tells you, you will find your path in life to be much brighter and happier.
There is a famous saying that goes “the person who has more is not the happiest, but is the one who needs the least.” If your life is focusedon getting wealth and becoming more powerful every day, right now I can make sure that you will never find happiness. The more you get, the more you want. You are never really satisfied with what you have.
Love is a great contribution to happiness. Have you noticed that when you’re in love it seems like you’re unable to touch the ground You feel that everything is possible, you don’t need anything, and that everything is beautiful, nice and wonderful.
Are you willing to find happiness Well, stop searching for money, and begin with the people who are next to you and love you. Just by being yourself and enjoying the process you will achieve what you long for.
31．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．We should work harder for a bright future.
B．We should not forget what happened in the past.
C．We should live in the present and enjoythe little we have.
D．We will be fuller and happier if we get what we need.
32．What can we learn from the passage
A．If we are in love, we need nothing.
B．We should not be satisfied with what we have.
C．If we have love and understanding, we will be happy.
D．Happiness comes from the wealth and power we have.
33．What is the writer’s opinion on happiness
A．The more you want, the happier you will be.
B．If you realize your dreams, you will be happy.
C．Becoming more powerful every day makes you happy.
D．Being yourself and enjoying what you have makes you happy.
2021年北京市门头沟区中考一模英语试卷
My Idols（偶像）
Posted3/15/21 4:53PM
My idol is Zhong Nanshan. He is a Chinese medical expert. During the SARS in 2003, Zhong Nanshan helped the country control the disease and around 18 years later, he fought against the COVID-19. Zhong and his team helped our country control the COVID-19 rapidly. The 85-year-old elderly man got the Medal of the Republic in August, 2020, the country’s highest honor, because of his great contributions to the nation’s development.
Posted 3/15/21 6:25PM
My idol is Christina Li and she started her free, week-long classes to teach girls to build robots. Through Hello World, her computer science camp is organized for middle school girls every year. Today, each camp hosts about 30 girls, in the hopes of bridging the gender（性别）gap that exists in STEM fields（science, technology, engineering and math）.
Posted 3/16/21 5:20PM
My idol is Sidney Keys. He has a deep love of reading, but he had a difficult time finding many books with characters he could relate to as an African-American. To share his passion for reading with his partners, Sidney created Books n Bros, a club for boys between the ages of 8 and 12 that focuses on African-American literature and culture. He is making a positive influence in his community and all the boys are having such a good time in his book club.
Posted 3/16/21 7:46PM
Ryan is my idol. His dad took him along on a trip to his local recycling center. They collected cans and bottles for money to keep them from polluting our oceans. With the help of family, friends and the wider community, 8-year-old Ryan has recycled more than 275,000 cans and bottles. Through Ryan’s Recycling, he is also helping clean up the beaches and spread his message of protecting the planet.
21．Li Ming’s idol is ________.
A．Zhong Nanshan B．Christina Li C．Sidney Keys D．Ryan
22．Christina Li started her free, week-long classes to________.
A．fight against the COVID-19 B．teach girls to build robots
C．share her passion for reading D．help clean up area beaches
23．How many cans and bottles has Ryan recycled
A．2003. B．30. C．12. D．275,000.
Believe in Yourself
Anita was an active girl who grew up in the eastern of Nepal. Her parents were shepherds. It was that point of the year when the sky was blue, the sun smiled upon the village and so the stars in the dark never looked brighter before. Anita found a lot of tourists visit her village. Watching
people all over the world visit her village made Anita curious. "What are these people doing here, father " asked Anita. Anita's father laughed and said, "Darling, they have all come to climb those mountains."
Amazed at their courage, Anita said, "Really, father Is it possible to climb to the top "
"Of course dear," replied her father, "Many people do it. "
"Someday, I will be able to climb to the highest of these mountains." said Anita with a burning dream brewing（酝酿）in her eyes. But life had other plans for her. Anita had a terrible accident when she was thirteen. Unluckily, she lost one leg. Clouds of hopelessness darkened her happy world.
"I will never be ready to climb those mountains!" cried Anita.
Her father loved her dearly. He couldn't see his little girl in pain. He was extremely sad. But he did not lose heart. He thought over and over and he couldn't sleep well. Finally, he had a good idea.
One day Anita's father built her a wooden leg, which she could wear and walk. "Never say ‘never’. Start climbing the mountains." said the determined father.
Anita was beside herself with joy. She wore the wooden leg and walked, and fell. Stood up, and tried to run, and fell again. The whole village laughed at the daddy and daughter's foolishness. But nothing pulled them down. Both the father and daughter were determined to win against all the odds. They kept practising.
After five years, Anita made it to the highest of the mountains. And she made her father very proud of her, along with her country.
24．What made Anita curious
A．Burning dream brewing in her eyes.
B．Watching the stars look brighter before.
C．Watching people all over the world visit her village.
D．Being able to climb to the highest of the mountains.
25．Anita ________ when she was thirteen.
A．had a terrible accident and lost a leg B．saw many people climb to the top
C．was ready to climb those mountains D．wore the wooden leg and walked
26．With her father's help, Anita ________.
A．beat all the foolish people B．had a good idea to realize her dream
C．tried to make her country powerful D．climbed to the highest of the mountains
My friend, Robert, has a twin sister named Amanda. Though they get along well, there are some things about Amanda and her friends that puzzle Robert. He can't understand how girls can talk for so long. For example, sometimes when he leaves home to play football, Amanda and her friend, Sharon, are sitting on the sofa, talking. When he comes back three and a half hours later, they're still sitting on the sofa, continuing the same conversation on the same topic. One day Robert was so curious that he asked Amanda what they talked about, but she replied, "We're best friends. We talk about almost everything—film stars, pop songs, recipes, everything!"
Boys and girls have different attitudes towards friendship. Friendships between girls are usually based on shared feelings and support, but friendships between boys are based on shared activities or interests. A boy is likely to be careful about sharing his feelings with his close friends. A girl's closest friend, however, might be eager to tell her about something that has happened in her life.
Many studies worldwide show that girls have more friendships than boys. In fact, many teenage boys cannot name a single best friend. When asked, they hesitate before answering, "My best friend I can't think about that. I am busy with my homework, and I have so many different friends that it is hard to choose just one best friend.”
Girls who have been asked can usually answer the question without pausing, “A best friend Of course. We have a lot to share with each other. We do a lot of things together such as talking and shopping.”
We have to realize: boys share activities, while girls share feelings. The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same, regardless of（无论）the basis of these friendships. The important thing to remember is that both of them are friendships. We all need friends in our lives.
27．Robert wonders________.
A．why Amanda and her friend talk so long
B．why girls answer the question with pausing
C．what attitudes girls have towards friendship
D．what Amanda and her friend were curious about
28．The word "hesitate" in Paragraph 3 probably means "________".
A．are slow to speak B．are shy to speak in public
C．share feelings secretly D．are eager to tell the answers
29．What do you know about friendships from the passage
A．Boys and girls both make sure what friendships are.
B．Friendships are the most important among girls and boys.
C．Girls like to share their attitudes to friendships with friends.
D．Boys and girls have the same idea on the qualities in a friend.
30．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Teenagers' Friendships B．Different Attitudes towards Friendships
C．The Qualities of Friendships D．Everybody Needs Friendships
Everything in our body needs water to work! But sadly, not everyone has access to clean drinking water. In the US, for example, a lot of people living in the countryside get their water from wells and springs—and it can have bacteria in it.
If you drink water with bacteria in it, you might get very sick—some people even die. That’s why people living in the countryside need to clean their water before they drink it. There are a few quite efficient ways to do this. But all of them have at least one disadvantage. Iodine tablets（碘片） have negative side effects on your body if you use them for too long.
Ultraviolet（紫外线的）lamps use a lot of energy and filtration（过滤）systems are expensive.
Therefore, we wanted to use a simple energy source. Everyone nowadays carries with them: a smartphone! What if we could clean water with such a common device Wouldn’t that save a lot of trouble
We designed a downloadable app and a cheap device that can be plugged into a smartphone to disinfect（杀毒）water（Figure. 1）.
The method that our device uses is called electrochemical disinfection. It uses electric currents（电流）to produce substances that can kill bacteria. In our experiments, we used a smartphone to produce the electric current and copper（铜）wires as a source for the antibacterial substance. Copper ions（离子）are released from the copper wire. These copper ions kill bacteria.
Copper can also be dangerous for humans but only in much higher concentrate. We tried to find the perfect balance: where just enough copper ions are released to kill the bacteria, without reaching a harmful level for humans.
With our new device, we were able to kill almost all bacteria in the treated water. Although our device worked really well, we only tested it in a limited laboratory setting—so some things could be different in real life.
We were able to clean three liters（or 8 cups）of water by only using less than 1% of the phone’s battery. However, the disinfection of these three liters took about five hours—which is too long.
Still, all of our tests suggest that it is possible to improve the speed of our device quite easily. When this is done, anyone with a smartphone can use our device to disinfect their drinking water.
Hopefully, our device will be ready for everyday use very soon!
31．What can we learn from the passage
A．Copper ions can clean the water by killing bacteria.
B．Everyone in the US can afford the filtration system.
C．Cleaning water with phones uses less battery and time.
D．It’s safe to use iodine tablets to clean water for a long time.
32．The writer probably agrees that________.
A．the device will be put into use very soon
B．it’s safe to drink water with lots of copper ions
C．it’s easy to improve the speed of the smartphones
D．the smartphones have been used to disinfect water widely
33．What is the passage mainly about
A．Why teenagers love using smartphones.
B．Why smartphones benefit us in daily life.
C．How you can use smartphone wisely in daily life.
D．How your smartphone can make water safe to drink.
答案：
2023年北京市门头沟区中考一模英语试题
【导语】本文主要是Mark、Emma和Tony在今年的世界水日与同学们分享了他们的一些想法。
【小题21】根据"The human(人类的) body is around 60% water, and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. As well as needing clean water to drink, we need it for cooking, washing and brushing our teeth. Farmers use water to make the plants grow. A lot of water is used to produce the clothes we wear"(人体大约有60%是水，我们需要大量饮水才能保持健康。除了需要干净的水来饮用外，我们还需要它来做饭、洗漱和刷牙。农民用水使植物生长。大量的水被用来生产我们穿的衣服。)可知此处是介绍水的作用，选项C“水的基本作用。”与之匹配，故选C。
【小题22】根据"People give them money to do these things, and all this money helps provide clean water to as many people as possible around the world. "可知此处介绍的是用捐赠来解决问题。选项B"解决问题的方法。”与之匹配，故选B。
【小题23】根据"If we drink dirty water or we can't wash our hands when we go to the toilet, we can catch diseases and become ill. More than two thousand children worldwide die every day from diarrhea caused by dirty water”可知此处是介绍喝脏水会导致的问题，选项D“脏水造成的问题。”与之匹配，故选D。
【导语】本文主要讲述了热心肠和善良的小男孩鲍勃，热爱动物和户外，救了一只受伤的小鸟，受到表扬的他更加感激世界的美好和内心的善良。
【小题24】细节理解题。根据第二段的"He lay on the grass, feeling like sunbathing on a beach.
"可知他躺在草地上，感觉就像在沙滩上晒日光浴。故选B。
【小题25】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Then Bob said that he had done a good job for the day, as his teacher, Miss Shyla, had instructed in the class. "可知然后鲍勃说他今天做了一件好事，正如他的老师希拉小姐在课堂上教导的那样。因此是教导每天做好事。故选C。
【小题26】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Bob was always ready to help others, whether animals or humans. ”可知鲍勃随时准备帮助他人，无论是动物还是人类。因此他很乐于助人；根据第四段的"Being a passionate(狂热的)animal lover, he couldn't bear to see the little bird suffer (受苦). He remembered his teacher's advice to do a good deed every day, and he decided to take care of the bird. ”可知作为一个狂热的动物爱好者，他不忍心看到小鸟受苦。他想起老师的忠告，每天做好事，决定好好照顾这只鸟。因此他是善良的。故选D。
【导语】本文主要讲述了几条帮助自己度过难关的建议。
【小题27】推理判断题。根据第二段的"I believe how you respond (回应) in your moments of failure tells what kind of person you
are. ”可知我相信你在失败时刻的反应会看出你是什么样的人，因此可推出每个人对失败的回应会是不同的。故选D。
【小题28】推理判断题。根据第六段的"I always end up learning something that helps me and I finally get a really clear picture of what I need to do to make sure I'm not in the same situation again. ”可知我最终总是学到一些对我有帮助的东西，我终于非常清楚地了解我需要做什么来确保我不会再次陷入同样的情况。此处说明要从失败中学习，选项A“从困难中学习”正确。故选A。
【小题29】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“You need to care for yourself to make it through hard times. Take a walk through the park, lift some weights, or read an amazing book. "可知你需要照顾好自己才能度过困难时期。在公园里散步，举重，或读一本很棒的书。因此选项D"在乡村附近骑车"符合。故选D。
【导语】本文主要介绍了减少社交媒体使用可以对自己的体重和外表的感觉都有所改善。
【小题30】词义猜测题。根据"so it is uncertain whether people with body image and mental health problems spend more time on social media or if social media use leads to greater body image and mental health problems.
”(因此，不确定是有身体形象和心理健康问题的人在社交媒体上花费的时间更多，还是社交媒体的使用会导致更大的身体形象和心理健康问题)结合"much of the research on social media, body image and mental health is correlational, ”可说明很多关于社交媒体、身体形象和心理健康的研究都是相关的，correlational和related意思相近，表示“相关的”, 故选A。
【小题31】段落大意题。根据"During the first week, the students were told to use social media as usual. Half of them were then told to limit their social-media use to an hour a day for the next three weeks, while those in the control group were not. ”(在第一周，学生们被告知要像往常一样使用社交媒体。然后，其中一半的人被告知在接下来的三周内每天使用社交媒体的时间不得超过一小时，而对照组的人则没有。)可知第四段主要讲述了研究是如何进行的，故选B。
【小题32】细节理解题。根据"Adolescence(青春期) is a vulnerable(脆弱的) period for the development of body image problems, eating disorders(失调)and mental(精神的)illness"可知青少年在青春期容易出现身体形象、饮食失调和心理问题，故选D。
【小题33】推理判断题。根据"Teens and young adults who cut their social media use by 50% for a few weeks saw significant(显著的)improvement in how they felt about both their weight and their appearance, according to the American Psychological Association research. ”(根据美国心理协会的研究，青少年和年轻人在几周内减少50%的社交媒体使用量后，他们对自己的体重和外表的感觉都有了显著改善。)以及"Cutting social media use is a possible method of producing a short-term good effect on body image among a vulnerable population of users”(减少社交媒体的使用可能会对弱势用户群体的身体形象产生短期的良好影响)可知作者写这篇文章是为重度社交媒体用户介绍一种解决身体形象问题的方法，故选D。
2022年北京市门头沟区中考一模英语试卷
【答案】21．A
22．B
23．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是四个人对于庆祝生日的最佳方式的看法。
21．
细节理解题。根据第一栏“On your birthday, you should send your parents flowers and a card,
letting them know how much you love them.”可知，Sophia建议送给父母鲜花和卡片，故选A。
22．
细节理解题。根据第二栏“Spend your birthday with the homeless, and give them a meal in a restaurant.”可知，Steve建议和无家可归的人一起度过你的生日，在餐馆给他们一顿饭。故选B。
23．
细节理解题。根据第四栏“More importantly, you should come to people who can make you feel happy to spend time with.”可知，Kate认为你应该找那些能让你感到快乐的人。故选D。
【答案】24．B
25．D
26．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Barb Heim老师不放弃她患癌的学生Harrison Conner，每天下班后都去这个学生的家给他上课的故事。
24．
细节理解题。根据第一段“...Harrison Conner would turn pale and have to sit down while the other kids were playing.”可知，当其他孩子在玩耍时，Harrison Conner的脸色会变苍白。故选B。
25．
细节理解题。根据第三段“During his cancer treatment, Heim volunteered to drive out to his home after school to make sure he wouldn’t fall behind. Every day she brought lessons…”可知，在Harrison Conner治疗癌症期间，Barb Heim老师每天开车去他家，给他“带去课程”，也就是给他上课。故选D。
26．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“...he’s now excellent in second grade.”可知，Harrison Conner在上二年级时非常优秀。故选C。
【答案】27．B
28．A
29．D
30．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了当生活失去控制时该怎么办，并为生活失去控制时提供了一些有用的方法步骤。
27．
细节理解题。根据文中的句子“When these unexpected situations add up, it’s easy to become overly worried and feel as if your life is out of control.”可知，当许多意想不到的事情发生时，人们会觉得生活失去了控制。故选B。
28．
词句猜测题。根据“Take Control of Things You Can Change”可推测，划线词所在句说的是，控制你可以控制的事情之后，即使是最微小的事情，也能帮助你在生活中建立控制感和乐观主义。划线词是“建立”的意思。故选A。
29．
细节理解题。根据文中的句子“ if you made a few bad decisions, learn from them and move forward.”可知，谈到了做错误的决定，是告诉我们要从错误中吸取教训，继续前进。故选D。
30．
最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了当生活失去控制时该怎么办，并为生活失去控制时提供了一些有用的方法步骤。故选D。
【答案】31．C
32．C
33．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了幸福的意义及如何寻找到幸福，相信如果我们有爱和理解，我们就会幸福。
31．
段落大意题。根据文中“However, if you live in the present, enjoying the little you have, you will feel your life is much fuller and happier.”可知，第二段主要是告诉我们应该活在当下，享受我们所拥有的一点点。故选C。
32．
主旨大意题。根据文中最后“Are you willing to find happiness Well, stop searching for money, and begin with the people who are next to you and love you. Just by being yourself and enjoying the process you will achieve what you long for.”可知，如果我们有爱和理解，我们就会幸福。故选C。
33．
观点态度题。根据文中“You are not happier by getting more, but by being the best you can be. That is, if you focus (聚焦) everything you do in life on being the person you want to be, by bringing out the best in yourself and behaving as your heart tells you, you will find your path in life to be much brighter and happier.”可知，作者对幸福的看法是做你自己，享受你所拥有的一切让你快乐。故选D。
2021年北京市门头沟区中考一模英语试卷
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．D
【解析】
21．
细节理解题。根据“Li Ming”对应栏的信息“My idol is Zhong Nanshan.”可知，他的偶像是钟南山，故选A。
22．
细节理解题。根据“My idol is Christina Li and she started her free, week-long classes to teach girls to build robots.”可知，她开始了为期一周的免费课程，教女孩们制造机器人。故选B。
23．
细节理解题。根据“With the help of family, friends and the wider community, 8-year-old Ryan has recycled more than 275,000 cans and bottles.”可知，在家人、朋友和广大社区的帮助下，8岁的瑞安已经回收了27.5万多罐和瓶子。故选D。
【解析】
24．C 25．A 26．D
【解析】
24．
细节理解题。根据文中“Watching people all over the world visit her village made Anita
curious.”可知，看着全世界的人参观她的村庄使安妮塔很好奇。故选C。
25．
细节理解题。根据文中“Anita had a terrible accident when she was thirteen. Unluckily, she lost one leg.”可知，Anita 13岁时出了一场可怕的事故，失去了一条腿。故选A。
26．
主旨大意题。根据文中后三段内容可知，在她父亲的帮助下，Anita爬上了山顶。故选D。
【答案】
27．A 28．A 29．D 30．A
【解析】
27．
细节理解题。根据第1段“He can't understand how girls can talk for so long…One day Robert was so curious that he asked Amanda what they talked about,”可知，Robert很好奇为什么Amanda和她的朋友能交谈那么久。故选A。
28．
词义猜测题。根据第3段“many teenage boys cannot name a single best friend.”可知，很多男孩子不能说出好朋友的名字，所以他们在回答这个问题时会犹豫，会比较慢，故hesitate是缓慢的意思。are slow to speak回答很慢；are shy to speak in public羞于在公共场合讲话；share feelings secretly秘密分享感受；are eager to tell the answers渴望说出答案。故选A。
29．
推理判断题。根据第5段“The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same, regardless of（无论）the basis of these friendships.”可知，男孩和女孩对于朋友的品质想法是一致的。故选D。
30．
最佳标题题。根据第5段“We have to realize: boys share activities, while girls share feelings…We all need friends in our lives.”可知，本文主要介绍了青少年男生和女生不同的友谊特点：男生和朋友们分享活动，而女生和朋友们分享感受。故标题可以为青少年的友谊。故选A。
【答案】
31．A 32．A 33．D
【解析】
1.细节理解题。根据文中“These copper ions kill
bacteria.”可知，铜离子可以通过杀灭细菌来净化水资源。故选A。
2.推理判断题。根据文中“...it is possible to improve the speed of our device quite easily.”和“When this is done, anyone with a smartphone...”可推断，作者很可能认为这个装置很快就会投入使用。故选A。
3.主旨大意题。通读全文可知 ，文章首先指出一些非常有效的净化水资源的方法存在至少一个缺点，然后引出并详细介绍了一种新的、便捷的净水方法——利用智能手机来净化水资源。故选D。