人教版（2019） 必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Reading and Thinking分层作业（含解析）

Unit 1 Reading and Thinking习题检测
基础知识自测
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．（2022·江苏宿迁·高一期中）Class discussion is very important in the UK, but I can’t make a great ________ (contribute) because sometimes I wasn’t able to express myself clearly in English.
2．（2022·江苏·常州市第一中学高一阶段练习）His ______ (propose) that the system should be changed was rejected.
3．（2022·江苏·淮海中学高一阶段练习）Experiments of this kind _________ (conduct) in both the US and Europe well before the Second World War.
4．（2022·浙江·高一单元测试）Peking University was ________(establish) in 1898.
5．（2022·全国·高一单元测试）She reached the ________(limited) of her patience after waiting for two hours.
6．（2022·安徽·高一单元测试）The hurricane brought great ________(lose) to the fishermen.
7．（2022·山东·高一单元测试）I was________ (issue) a driving license after passing all the tests.
8．（2022·江西·修水县第一中学高一阶段练习）He acknowledged ________ (donate) a great deal of money to the flooded area.
9．（2022·江西·高一课时练习）The committee who __________(be) responsible for this decision would consider it over again.
10．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）He couldn’t earn a living as a novelist, so he turned ________ journalism.
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
11．（2022·江苏省新海高级中学高一阶段练习）At the meeting, a _________ (提议)that he should take charge of the project came up.
12．（2022·江苏·涟水县第一中学高一阶段练习）We should think how we can make positive ________ (贡献) to our society.
13．（2021·浙江·吴兴高级中学高一阶段练习）Global warming and environmental protection are important _______(议题) at the conference.
14．（2020·广东·揭阳第一中学高一阶段练习）The thief ran out of the house, jumped over the fence around it and ________(消失) into the distance.
15．（2022·全国·高一课时练习）He failed in his ________(试图) to take control of the company.
学科素养提升
三、阅读理解
A
（2022·广东·顺德一中高一开学考试）I came across quite a few language problems while spending holiday with my family last summer. The most embarrassing was when my Mom apologized to the people we were staying with because her “pants were dirty”. They looked at her in surprise, not knowing how to react. You see, Mom had fallen over and gotten mud on her jeans. But in Britain, “pants” means underpants or knickers (内裤;衬裤), not trousers as it does back home.
Katie — From America
I went to stay with a friend on the west coast last summer. Her flat was on the first floor of a high-rise building so I got the lift up. Then I wandered round for ages looking for her flat but couldn’t find it. Fed up and tired, I finally had to go out to find a phone box. She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor.
David — From Britain
When I asked for the “restroom” in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”. It took me years to get through to (使...明白)someone that I only wanted the toilet!
Tom — From America
16．Hearing Katie’s mother’s words, Katie’s friends were in surprise because ________.
A．Katie’s mother got mud on her jeans B．Katie’s mother’s underpants were dirty
C．they mistook pants for underpants D．they didn’t understand British English
17．David went out to find a phone box to ________.
A．phone the police for help B．phone his friend for help
C．tell his friend he couldn’t visit her D．apologize for his being late
18．When Tom asked for the “restroom”, the people around him thought ________.
A．he wanted to have a rest B．he wanted to go to the toilet
C．he wanted to go to bed D．He wanted to go to a department store
B
（2022·山东烟台·高一期末）John “Charlie” Veron-widely known as “the Godfather of Coral Reef (珊瑚礁)”-is a celebrated expert who has personally discovered nearly a quarter of the world’s coral species and has spent the past 45 years diving Australia’s Great Barrier Reef. But now the 73-year-old is raising the alarm about its future. The Great Barrier Reef, one of the natural wonders, is 2, 300 kilometers long and is the only living organism that can be seen from space. It is considered a World Treasure Site due to its biodiversity (生物多样性)with 30 species of whales, dolphins and sharks. Within the reef itself, there are also a number of tiny organisms and fishes.
However, its health is threatened. After the recent mass bleaching (白化)events, Veron dived in many areas of the Great Barrier Reef to see the damage for himself. “I was seeing and feeling it and it was absolutely shocking, ” he says.
Veron says the mass bleaching events in the past few years-and the possibility of losing one of nature’s greatest treasures-were a wake-up call for the world in the wider battle against climate change, which, together with the rising sea temperature, is considered the greatest threats to the reef.
Fortunately, earlier this year, the Australian government announced nearly 400 million dollars in new funding towards scientific projects designed to help the reef.
There has been criticism in Australia about the slow process for the funding. “It won’t be wasted, though,”Veron says. “As scientists will be able to create a sort of seed bank to protect the species until the climate is good enough to rebuild the reef. What the scientists hope to do is to help nature along a bit after the big carbon dioxide increase is over and it starts to come down.”
19．Why is the Great Barrier Reef considered a treasure site
A．It is a natural wonder.
B．It can be seen from space.
C．It has a rich variety of species.
D．It is home to a great many fishes.
20．What does the passage mainly tell us
A．Climate change is threatening biodiversity.
B．The Great Barrier Reef is in danger of extinction.
C．Scientists have found major factors in the reef’s blenching.
D．Veron has made great contributions to environmental protection.
21．What's Veron's attitude to the future of the reef according to the last paragraph
A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Uncertain. D．Positive.
22．What is the text
A．A news report. B．A travel guide.
C．A research plan. D．A journal entry.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
（2022·浙江·高一单元测试）语法填空
With economy development there comes a time when the old must give way to the new. ____23____ (keep) the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be ____24____ big challenge.
Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead to great solutions. In 1950s，the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam ____25____ the Nile. But water from the dam would ____26____ (possible) damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics. After ____27____ (listen) to the scientists and citizens, the government turned to the United Nations for help. After a process of ____28____ (prepare), finally a document ____29____ (sign), and the work began in 1960.
Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back in a place ____30____ they were safe from the water. In all, thousands of engineers and workers rescued 22 temples and ____31____ (count) cultural relics.
The project ended in 1980, it was considered a success. Not only had the countries found a path to the future, but they had also learned that ______32______ was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
参考答案：
1．contribution
【详解】考查名词。句意：课堂讨论在英国非常重要，但我不能做出很大贡献，因为有时我无法用英语清楚地表达自己。分析句意可知，动词contribute“贡献”要使用名词形式，作宾语，构成make a contribution 结构，表示“做出贡献”。故填contribution。
2．proposal
【详解】考查名词。句意：他关于改变制度的建议被拒绝了。设空处使用名词作主语。propose为动词，意为“建议”，其名词为proposal意为“提议，倡议”。其后的谓语动词为was，应用名词单数形式。故填proposal。
3．had been conducted
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：早在第二次世界大战之前，美国和欧洲就已经进行了这类实验。根据时间状语before the Second World War且表示“过去发生的事情对于现在的影响”，则应用过去完成时，名词Experiments与动词conduct是“动宾关系”，应用被动语态。故填had been conducted。
4．established
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：北京大学成立于1898年。结合句意及空前的was可知应填过去分词形式established，与was一起构成谓语，表示被动。故填established。
5．limit
【详解】考查名词。句意：等了两小时后她的耐心达到了极限。句子分析可知设空处在句中做宾语，根据前文的the以及后文的of可确定此空用名词。limit意为“限度，极限”为名词，固定短语 reach the limit意为“达到极限”。故填limit。
6．loss
【详解】考查名词。句意：飓风给渔民带来了巨大损失。设空在句中作brought的宾语，故用名词形式loss，表示“损失”，为不可数名词。故填loss。
7．issued
【详解】考查语态。句意：通过了所有的考试后，我获得了驾驶执照。设空在句中与was一起构成谓语，主语I与issue之间为被动关系，所以用动词的过去分词形式。故填issued。
8．donating##having donated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他承认向洪灾地区捐赠了大量资金。“承认做过某事”，通常用acknowledge doing sth.，或acknowledge having done sth.。故填donating/having donated。
9．were
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：负责作出这一决定的委员会将重新考虑它。分析句子可知，句中who引导的是定语从句，设空处应该填写的是定语从句的谓语动词。从句中who指代的committee，意为“委员会成员们”，为复数意义，同时表述的是过去的事实，应用一般过去时。故填were。
10．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：作为小说家，他无法维持生计，所以他转向了新闻业。turn to意为“转向；求助于”，固定搭配，to为介词。故填to。
11．proposal
【详解】考查名词。句意：在会议上，提出了他负责这个项目的建议。设空处为名词作主语，根据汉语提示可知是proposal，前面有a修饰，用单数形式，故填proposal。
12．contributions
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该思考如何为我们的社会做出积极的贡献。根据句意和汉语提示以及句中的make可知，此处是考查固定搭配make contributions to（为……做出贡献），因为contribution是可数名词，所以应该用复数。故填contributions。
13．issues
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：全球变暖和环境保护是这次会议的重要议题。表示“议题”应用名词issue。根据主语Global warming and environmental protection可知，此处应用名词复数作表语。故填issues。
14．disappeared
【详解】考查动词。句意：小偷跑出房子，跳过房子周围的栅栏，消失在远处。本处主语The thief在同一时间段内陆续发出三个动作，时态应该保持一致，都用一般过去时；根据汉语提示，故填disappeared。
15．attempt
【详解】考查名词。句意：他想控制公司的企图失败了。 his后应用名词，“试图”的名词是attempt，由“to take control of the company”可知，空格处用单数，故填attempt。
16．C 17．B 18．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了几个人的经历，展示英国英语和美国英语中一些词汇的差异，以及由此引发的趣事。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段“But in Britain, “pants” means underpants or knickers (内裤;衬裤), not trousers as it does back home.(但在英国，“裤子”是指内裤或衬裤, 不是回家时穿的那种裤子)”可知，听到凯蒂母亲的话，凯蒂的朋友们都很惊讶，是因为他们误认为凯蒂母亲所说的“裤子”是内裤。故选C项。
17．推理判断题。根据第二段“Then I wandered round for ages looking for her flat but couldn’t find it. Fed up and tired, I finally had to go out to find a phone box.(然后，我四处转悠了好长时间，寻找她的公寓，但找不到。又烦又累，我最后不得不出去找一个电话亭)”可知，大卫出去找一个电话亭是为了给他的朋友打电话寻求帮忙。故选B项。
18．细节理解题。根据第三段“When I asked for the “restroom” in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”.(当我在一家大百货公司要求使用“洗手间”时，人们不停地把我带到一个有座位的房间，我可以坐在那里“休息”)”可知，当汤姆要求使用洗手间时，他周围的人认为他想要休息一下。故选A项。
19．C 20．B 21．D 22．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了作为宝地的大堡礁的现状：正在面临着消亡的危险。
19．细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is considered a World Treasure Site due to its biodiversity (生物多样性) with 30 species of whales, dolphins and sharks.”（由于拥有30种鲸鱼、海豚和鲨鱼的生物多样性，它被认为是一个世界性的宝地）可知，大堡礁被认为是一块宝地源自于其自身的生物多样性的结果。故选C。
20．主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了大堡礁因为其生物多样性被成为是一块宝地；第二段讲述了大堡礁的健康发展正在受到威胁。第三段引用专家Veron的说法，讲述了大堡礁受到的威胁的来源。第四段介绍了澳大利亚政府为了帮助大堡礁所做的努力；最后一段谈到了专家Veron对此所持的观点态度。可知，本文主要介绍了大堡礁的现状：正在面临着消亡的危险，故选B。
21．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As scientists will be able to create a sort of seed bank to protect the species until the climate is good enough to rebuild the reef.”（因为科学家将能够创建一种种子库来保护这个物种直到气候足够好来重建珊瑚礁）可知，对于大堡礁的未来Veron是积极的，肯定的。故选D。
22．推理判断题。文章第一段作为引子，讲述了大堡礁作为宝地的原因，第二段论述了大堡礁的发展因为白化事件、气候变化、海洋温度的上升，正在受到威胁。接着文章讲述了政府以及专家对此现象所持有的态度，可推知，本文属于新闻报道，故选A。
23．Keeping 24．a 25．across 26．possibly 27．listening 28．preparation 29．was signed 30．where 31．countless 32．it
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了埃及在尼罗河上修建大坝时，在发展和文化遗址保护之间保持了正确的平衡。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：在发展和文化遗址保护之间保持正确的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填Keeping。
24．考查冠词。句意：在发展和文化遗址保护之间保持正确的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。名词challenge作为“挑战”之意时为可数名词。形容词big发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
25．考查介词。句意：20世纪50年代，埃及政府想在尼罗河上修建一座新的大坝。名词the Nile前用介词形式。介词across，意为“横过；穿过，在……上”。故填across。
26．考查副词。句意：但是大坝的水可能会破坏一些寺庙和文物。修饰动词damage，用副词形式。故填possibly。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：在听取了科学家和市民的意见后，政府向联合国寻求帮助。after为介词后接动名词作宾语。故填listening。
28．考查名词。句意：经过一段时间的准备，最终签署了一份文件，并于1960年开始了这项工作。介词of后接名词作宾语。故填preparation。
29．考查时态和语态。句意：经过一段时间的准备，最终签署了一份文件，并于1960年开始了这项工作。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语a document与sign之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was signed。
30．考查定语从句。句意：寺庙和其他文化遗址被一块一块地拆除，然后转移到一个远离水的地方。句中先行词为place，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
31．考查形容词。句意：成千上万的工程师和工人总共拯救了22座寺庙和无数的文物。修饰名词cultural relics，前用形容词形式。形容词countless，表示“无数的”。故填countless。
32．考查代词。句意：这些国家不仅找到了通往未来的道路，而且还认识到，各国有可能共同努力，建设一个更美好的明天。本句为宾语从句，从句中用it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式to work together to build a better tomorrow。故填it。