Unit 6 Ancient stories Grammar 课件（21张PPT）

(共21张PPT)
英语（牛津版）
八年级 上册
English
Unit 6
Ancient stories
Grammar
They’ve gone and we’ve won.
They’ve left their horse.
has/have done something
Revision The present perfect tense
We can use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the past but have a connection to the present. It is formed with has/have + the past participle of the verb.
I have finished.
She has not gone.
Have they won Yes, they have.
No, they have not.
Sweep the floor. Make the bed. Wash the dishes. Hang up the clothes. Fix the chair. Empty the rubbish bin. Paint the wall. Mend the hole in the carpet. And get rid of those rats!
At once, sir!
Look and read
This is a soldier’s room. It is in a mess. The captain is giving him the order to clean it.
The soldier has swept the floor
He has not made the bed.
He has washed the dishes.
He has not painted the wall.
True or false
Now look at the pictures below and decide whether the following statements are T (True) or F (False).
T
F
T
T
Later the soldier reported back to the captain. This is part of what he said. Look at the pictures below and complete the sentences with have or have not, and the right forms of the verbs.
have fixed
have emptied
have hung up
have not mended (the hole in)
I (1)_________________ the chair.
I (2)_________________ the rubbish bin.
I (3)_________________ the clothes.
I (4)_________________ ___________ the carpet.
The captain also asked the soldier some plete their conversations and answers with Yes or No, have or haven’t and the right forms of the verbs. The first one has been done for you.
_______ you _______ the floor
_______, I _______.
_______ you _______ the wall
_______, I _______.
_______ you _______ the dishes
_______, I _______.
_______ you _______ the bed
_______, I _______.
Have
swept
Yes
have
Have
painted
No
haven’t
Have
washed
Yes
have
Have
made
Yes
have
A The present perfect tense with since and for
We often use since and for with the present perfect tense.
01
Choose since or for when they are in the present perfect tense
_______ 1997
_______ a long time
_______I was 12
_______ two days ago
_______ a month
_______ he was born
_______ ten years
since与for划线提问都用how long,用法相同
for
for
for
since
since
since
since
since 作介词时，后面可以接一个时间点，如：since 1980，也可以接“ 一段时间+ ago”, 如: since three years ago, since two months ago 等。since 还可用作连词，引导一个过去时态的时间状语从句。如：
我们上大学时就互相认识了。
We have known each other since we went to college.
for 后常接一个时间段，指某个动作到现在为止已持续了多长时间，如：for three years, for half an hour等。
选用since或for填空。
1. ______ two years
2. ______ two years ago
3. ______ last month
4. ______ 1999
5. ______ 4 hours
6. ______ an hour ago
7. ______ we were children
8. ______ she left here
for
since
since
since
for
since
since
since
A1 Hans is from Hamburg in Germany. He is talking to Doris. Read their
conversation and answer the following questions.
Where does Hans live
He _______ in ____________.
How long has Hans lived in Hamburg
He __________ there _____________.
How long has Doris lived in Shanghai
She ____________ there ______________.
Where was Doris born
She ___________________________.
lives
Hamburg
has lived
since 1996
has lived
for 14 years
was born in Shanghai
A2 Doris is talking about herself. Read what she says and then decide whether the following sentences are T(true) or F(False). Correct any false ones.
B The present perfect tense and the simple past tense
02
现在完成时强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响，主要说明现在的情况；一般过去时强调事情发生的时间在过去，不涉及对现在的影响，且句中一般含有表示过去的时间状语。
试比较：
The plane has arrived. 飞机已经抵达了。
（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿。）
The plane arrived a quarter ago.
飞机是在一刻钟之前抵达的。
（强调动作发生的时间在过去。）
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
I have visited Hong Kong.
I visited Hong Kong last summer.
They have just arrived in Beijing.
Liu Mei went to Beijing last week.
My car has broken down.
My car broke down.
Read the following sentences and tell the differences between them.
So Hong Kong is not new to me.
I am talking about the past.
So they are in Beijing now.
We do not know whether she is in Beijing now.
It is still broken.
We do not know whether it is now working.
B1 Read the following conversation between the captain and a soldier from the story “The Trojan plete it with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.
Soldier: Captain! Captain! The Greeks ____________ (go).
They________(leave) last night.
Captain: Great! They _______(come) here ten years ago and _________ (try)
many times to capture our city, but they couldn’t. We
____________(win) .
Soldier: But they ____________(leave) a huge wooden horse. Can you see it
outside the gates The Greeks __________ (not take) it with them.
Captain: Let’s keep it then. Go and pull it into the city.
have gone
left
came
have tried
have won
have left
didn’t take
B2 Complete the diary below with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.
Thursday, 10 November
A new bookshop __________(open) the day before
yesterday near my school. I _______(go) there with my cousin this afternoon.
I ________ (buy) a travel book about Greece. I__________________(never be) to Greece, but my cousin ______ (visit) the country last year. I ____________(see) some of her photos. Greece is such a beautiful country. My cousin ________(buy) a book about ancient Greece. I _________(read) a few pages of the book with her. I think it’s very interesting.
opened
went
bought
have never been
visited
have seen
bought
have read
区别 结构 常见连用词
现在完成时 （表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果） have / has +过去分词 haven’t / hasn’t + 过去分词 Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词 this day， these days，now，already，ever, yet, just, before, recently, up to now, in the last few years ...
一般过去时 （表示单纯的过去的事实或状态） 主语+动词过去式+其他 主语+didn‘t+ 动词原形 Did+主语+动词原形 yesterday, last X, just now, then, X ago, in 1994 ...
注意：在用when提问的句子中，一般都使用一般过去时。
We have learned how to use the present perfect tense with since and for.
We have learned how to tell the differences between the present perfect
tense and the simple past tense .
一、根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. He _________(work) in the company five years ago.
2. He ___________(work) in the company since five years ago.
3. He _________(teach) English here for three years.
4. He _________(teach) English in our school when I was in Grade Six.
5. — I _________(see) the play already.
— When _____ you ______(see) it
worked
has worked
has taught
taught
have seen
did see
二、根据中文意思完成句子。
1. 从上个星期开始，贾森就一直在看这本书。
Jason has read this book ______ _____ _____.
2. 我已经一年没见过他了。
I haven’t seen him _____ _____ _____.
3. 他们买这所房子五年了。
They _____ _____ this house for five years.
4. 我们十年前就成为朋友了。
We have been friends_____ _____ _____ _____.
5. 她妈妈成为党员已经八年了。
Her mother _____ _____ a Party member _____ _____ _____.
since last week
for a / one year
have had
since ten years ago
has been for eight years