Unit 1 Encyclopaedias Grammar 课件(共24张PPT)

(共24张PPT)
Grammar
英语（牛津版）
八年级 上册
Unit 1
English
Encyclopaedias
I have some questions about dinosaurs.
(some + countable noun)
People can get some information about dinosaurs from their fossils.
(some + uncountable noun)
I don’t have any questions about dinosaurs.
(any + uncountable noun)
Can people get any information about dinosaurs from their fossils
(any + countable noun)
We use some and any to talk about amounts.
We use some and any to talk about amounts.
2
We also use some in questions when we expect the answer to be “yes”.
May I have some noodles
Would you like some tea
Can you give me some stamps
We also use any in sentences with hardly, never, seldom, etc.
She never has any luck.
A1 Wendy and her mother are checking what food to buy. Look at the shopping list and
the picture. Then ask and answer questions in pairs. Follow the example.
coffee eggs
Mum : Do we have any coffee
Wendy : No, we don’t have any coffee.
Mum : Do we have any eggs
Wendy : No, we don’t have any eggs.
Mum : Do we have any milk
Wendy : Yes, we have some milk.
Mum : Do we have any noodles
Wendy : No, we don’t have any noodles.
milk noodles
orange juice potatoes
Mum : Do we have any orange juice
Wendy : Yes, we have some orange juice.
Mum : Do we have any potatoes
Wendy : Yes, we have some potatoes.
Hi Dad,
I checked the fridge with Mum. We have ______________, __________, _______________ and _____________. However, we don’t have ___________, __________, __________ or _________.
Wendy
some apples
any eggs
some milk
some orange juice
any noodles
any bread
some potatoes
any coffee
A2 Later Wendy wrote a note for her plete it with some or any, and other
words if necessary.
Grammar B somebody, anybody, nobody, etc.
Can anyone learn so much knowledge like Jane
Is there anything Jane doesn’t know
Yes. If you work hard, you can learn as much knowledge as Jane.
Yes, there is.
person
thing
We also use some in questions when we expect the answer to be “yes”.
May I have some noodles
Would you like some tea
Can you give me some stamps
We also use any in sentences with hardly, never, seldom, etc.
She never has any luck.
somebody=someone
anybody=anyone
nobody=no one
We can form negative statements in two ways.
There is not anybody in the room.
There is nobody in the room.
We write no one as two words.
Somebody, anybody, nobody, etc.
are singular.
A some和any的用法
some和any都表示“一些；某些”的意思，都可以修饰可数名词复数形式和不可数名词。some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句、疑问句中。如：
Some students are running on the playground.
一些学生在操场上跑步。
There is some water in the glass. 杯子里有一些水。
There isn’t any milk in the fridge. 冰箱里没牛奶。
Do you have any questions to ask 你们有什么问题要问吗？
2 当some用于疑问句时，表示请求、建议，并期望得到对方的肯定回答。如：
Would you like some fish 想吃点儿鱼吗？
May I have some grapes 我可以吃点儿葡萄吗？
语 法 讲 解
B somebody, anybody, nobody等的用法
由some，any，no，every加上?body，-one，-thing构成的不
定代词，叫做复合不定代词。如：
somebody = someone 某（些）人 something 某物；某事
anybody = anyone 任何人
anything任何事情（东西）；某些事情（东西）
nobody = no one 没有人 nothing 没有东西；没事
everybody = everyone 人人；所有人 everything所有事物；一切
2 复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中作主语和宾语。这些代词都作单数看待，作主语时动词用单数形式。如：
Somebody is in the classroom. 有人在教室里。（作主语）
I can see nobody in the classroom. 我没看到有人在教室里。（作宾语）
由some和any构成的复合不定代词的区别与some和any的区别一
样，something，somebody, someone一般用于肯定句，anything，anybody, anyone一般用于否定句或疑问句中。something，somebody, someone用于疑问句中时，表示请求、建议，并期望得到对方的肯定回答。如：
I have something to tell you. 我有些事情要告诉你。
I don’t have anything to say.
= I have nothing to say. 我没什么可说的。
Do you have anything to say 你有什么话要说吗？
Would you like something to eat？你想吃点儿什么吗？
4 nobody = no one = not anybody = not anyone 没有人。
nothing = not anything没有东西；没事。如：
I know nobody / no one in the new school.
= I don’t know anybody / anyone in the new school.
在新学校里，我谁都不认识。
He has nothing to do.
= He doesn’t have anything to do. 他无事可做。
5 复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，定语放在它们的后面。如：
There is something wrong with my right eye．
我的右眼有些不舒服。
Is there anything new in today’s newspaper
今天的报纸上有什么新闻啊？
Look at the picture below for one minute. Try to remember where everything and everybody is. Then cover the picture and ask and answer questions in pairs. Follow the examples.
3. Is there anything above the teacher
No, there’s nothing/ there isn’t anything above the teacher.
4. Is there anybody by the window
Yes, there’s someone / somebody by the window.
5. Is there anything under the teacher's desk
No, there's nothing / there isn't anything under the teacher’s desk.
6. Is there anyone behind the teacher
No, there's nobody /no one behind the teacher.
7. Is there anything on the bookcase
Yes, there's something on the bookcase.
8. Is there anyone next to the piano
Yes, there's someone / somebody next to the piano.
1.We have learned how to use some and any.
2. We have learned how to use somebody , anybody, nobody, ect.
（2019·上海中考）
1.The light went out suddenly．It was very dark
and ______ could be seen clearly．
A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
（2018·青岛中考）
2.Ladies and gentlemen, attention please! I have _____ important to tell you.
A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything
（2017·厦门中考）
3— What a great thing to have a robot at home!
— Robots are really useful. One day they will help people do almost ______.
A. something B. everything C. nothing
（2016·南昌中考）
4.Our teacher was very happy because ______ failed the examination.
A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. everybody
（2016·烟台中考）
5.When our teacher heard of the news, he was too angry to say _______.
A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything
Practice
选用some或any填空。
1. I want to buy _____ pears.
2. I don’t eat _____ meat.
3. Let’s go out for _____ fresh air.
4. There isn’t _____ milk in the bottle.
5. May I ask you _____ questions, Mr White
some
any
any
some
some
6. Would you like _____ coffee
7. He seldom got _____ plans.
8. — Is there _____ vegetables in the fridge
— No, there isn’t _____.
9. — Do you have _____ colour pens
— Yes, we have _____.
10. Could you please buy me _____ new notebooks
any
some
any
some
some
any
any