2023年北京市高三英语一模试题选编:语法填空
1. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Now,at Hailang River in northeast China's Heilongjiang Province,dozens of Chinese merganser ducks are preparing to migrate south.Chinese merganser duck is an (1) ______ (danger) species under class-one state protection.In recent years,the province has beefed up measures (2) ______ (restore) forests,wetlands and other ecosystems.China has established 49 nature reserves (3) ______ a total area of 2,561,300 hectares.Thanks to these efforts,the local population of Chinese mergansers (4) ______ (grow) from around a dozen to nearly100 over the past few years.
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2. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Elle Gianelli wanted to put a smile on the faces of the seniors who (1) ______ (live) in nursing homes.So she found a creative way to do that.Born out of her love for wearing silly socks on the golf course,Elle Gianelli launched Socks4 Seniors,(2) ______ (raise) money via GoFundMe.When (3) ______ (ask) what the money was for,she explained it would be used to purchase bright,patterned socks and thoughtful notes for all seniors in assisted living facilities in the country.
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3. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Scientists in Australia have built a new battery using sodium-sulphur,a type of salt from sea water.The battery can store four times more energy than a standard lithium battery and would be cheap to make (1) ______ sea salt is widely available.It is also better for the environment than other batteries,(2) ______ use rare metals (such as lithium).Sea-salt batteries have been made before but this is easily the best model so far.The team will continue working on the idea before this kind of the batteries (3) ______ (go) on sale.
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4. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)
A
When I was seven years old,I caught a cold and had to stay at home.My parents had to work,so my neighbor came over to look after me.She read many different books to me (1) ______ ( patient),including adventures set in ancient times,travel stories,family dramas,historical novels,etc.To my joy,( 2) ______ ( listen) to each book made me feel like watching a movie,but better because books gave much more details than movies.She started my interest in reading.Next year,after graduating from college,I (3) ______ ( have) a job teaching English.I hope that I can transfer the love of reading to my students.
B
Beijing Olympic Park,also(4) ______ ( know) as the Olympic Green,is located in Chaoyang District,Beijing,with a total land area of 11.59 square kilometers.The famous National Stadium or "Bird's Nest" is the centerpiece of the park,( 5) ______ the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics were hosted.The National Aquatics Center or "Water Cube" hosted the swimming,diving and synchronized swimming events.It was transformed (6) ______ the "Ice Cube" for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games,and detachable curling tracks were built on the swimming pool to host curling events.
C
World Environment Day (WED) is a day we all need to put in our(7) ______ ( diary).It happens on June 5 every year and should be one of the most important days of the holiday calendar.WED (8) ______ ( create) in 1972 by the United Nations General Assembly.The environment wasn't such a big issue back then.But it is one of the hottest topics in the world today.WED helps raise worldwide awareness of the threats to our environment. (9) ______ people can do that day is to start changing lifestyles to reduce their carbon footprint.Many environmental agencies organize events based on different themes each year.These events encourage both governments and local communities to work together (10) ______ ( handle) environmental problems.
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5. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)Despite the rapid progress of society,there is a widespread recognition that the quality of life in large cities is getting much(1) ______ (bad).The proper way to tackle this problem is developing mixed-use areas.Mixed-use areas,for example,may contain offices and businesses,apartments,and entertainment facilities.(2) ______ (apparent),they attract people who want to live and work in the same area.Therefore,people spend less time in cars driving to work and play,( 3) ______ in turn reduces pollution and possibly improves the well-being of the population.
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6. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)Traditional Chinese tea-making(1) ______ (consist) of knowledge,skills,and practices about the management of tea plantations,picking of tea leaves,and the processing,drinking,and sharing of tea.Not only are tea-related customs found across the country,but also they (2) ______ (influence) the rest of the world since ancient times through the ancient Silk Road and trade routes.Teas have pleased and fascinated the world(3) ______ thousands of years.They have finally received top-level global recognition as a(4) ______ (share) cultural treasure of humankind.
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7. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Last year I ruined my summer vacation by bringing along a modern convenience that was too convenient for my own good:my tablet.I stuck to my workday diet of four newspapers each morning.And that was the problem:I was behaving as if I were still in the office,(1) ______ (stick) to the unending news cycle.My body was on vacation(2) ______ my head wasn't.So this year I make up my mind to try something different:staying away from the Internet.I know it won't be easy,but I am determined.A vacation(3) ______ ( suppose) to help you reset your brain to become more productive.
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8. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)A I've loved photography since I was a teenager. My parents recorded many home videos of my siblings and me. Cherished family moments (1) (document). Revisiting them was like opening a treasure chest. I'm grateful for these visual records (2) showed our youth and growth. Film had a big influence on me. I love the emotions conveyed by the story on video. For a decade I worked as a freelance filmmaker and photographer. I recorded a wide range of genres, therefore (3) (collect) tens of thousands of images—both still and moving.
B
"Conventional wisdom tells us that we can feel happier if we smile or that we can get ourselves (4) a more serious mood if we scowl(怒视)," said Nicholas Coles, a PhD at Utah University. His team combined data from 138 studies testing more than 11,000 participants and found facial (5) (express) do have impact on feelings. For example, smiling makes people happier, scowling makes them feel angrier, and frowning makes them (6) (sad). These findings are exciting because they provide a clue about how the mind and body interact (7) (influence) our conscious experience of emotion.
C
By drawing patterns such as bamboos on the surface of a cup of tea, Chabaixi, an ancient Chinese tea trick (8) (go) viral recently. There are a dozen steps, from grinding tea for fine powder, to pouring boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth(泡沫), and finally drawing patterns. Clear water is used to put into the cup. When the water (9) (touch) the surface of tea, it turns into a white color and disappears in 20 minutes. The process before drawing is known as "diancha". The quality of it is crucial to (10) the patterns can be successfully produced later.
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9. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
My son Zack suffered from autism (自闭症)when he was two.Watching a movie together was an important routine for us.On an ordinary spring day,we were enjoying one of his favorite movies that he (1) ______ ( see) many times before.I took his hand as usual.Suddenly he stood up and wrapped his arms around me in a big bear hug.You could imagine (2) ______ excited I was.Although it was just a hug,it meant a lot to me,( 3) ______ ( fill) me with great joy.
B
This year,the 13th Spring Festival Joint Exhibition of Chinese Books,( 4) ______ theme was "Reading China",was held on January 24th in 85 bookstores worldwide.It (5) ______ ( carry) out a variety of activities such as book exhibitions and cultural performances.Books displayed in the exhibition were philosophical and artistic,which closely met the needs of overseas readers.Overall,this year's book exhibition presented the newest and (6) ______ (fine) Chinese publications to local readers so that they could better understand China in the new era.
C
ChatGPT is a new artificial intelligence technology (7) ______ ( create) by Open AI.It enables machines to understand and respond to human conversations in a (8) ______ (nature) and conversational way.ChatGPT has shaken the tech world since it was opened for public use last year.While it certainly comes across as knowledgeable,it's far(9) ______ perfect.It cannot answer questions about things that have happened recently because it(10) ______ (train) using data from 2021 and before.
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10. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)On a particular sunny day,little Mykel was determined to learn to ride his bike without the help of training wheels.When the neighborhood kids (1) ______ (spot) Mykel shakily controlling his bike,they raced over(2) ______ ( help).Some held the bike steady while others offered encouragement.Mykel was not alone as he tried to reach his goal of learning to ride his bike!Some things are(3) ______ (easy)said than done.However,with a little help from friends,things go better!
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11. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)Renewable methods for(1) ______ ( produce)electricity,such as wind turbines and solar panels,can only provide power on the days (2) ______ wind blows or the sun shines.Electric batteries(3) ______ (use)to store energy are expensive and can also be polluting.Finnish scientists came up with a simple solution that puts unwanted green electricity to work,heating 100 tons of sand to around 500℃.The sand stays hot for months;when energy (4) ______ (require),air can be pumped through it and heated up.
The air in turn heats a system that supplies hot water to heat nearby houses.
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12. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)The idea of writing a poem might feel frightening(1) ______ (initial)—do you need to follow a certain structure,does it need to have a rhyme,or do you need to have recited a dictionary to be a"proper"poet?The truth is:absolutely not.While there are"types"of poem that offer structure to serve(2) ______ a guide,the reality is that poetry doesn't have to follow a set of rules—it's much more about conveying a feeling,and that opens up a lot of creative(3) ______ ( free)for us to explore.
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13. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)The idea of writing a poem might feel frightening (1) (initial)—do you need to follow a certain structure, does it need to have a rhyme, or do you need to have recited a dictionary to be a "proper" poet The truth is: absolutely not. While there are "types" of poem that offer structure to serve (2) a guide, the reality is that poetry doesn't have to follow a set of rules—it's much more about conveying a feeling, and that opens up a lot of creative (3) (free) for us to explore.
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14. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)Renewable methods for (1) (produce) electricity, such as wind turbines and solar panels, can only provide power on the days (2) wind blows or the sun shines. Electric batteries (3) (use) to store energy are expensive and can also be polluting. Finnish scientists came up with a simple solution that puts unwanted green electricity to work, heating 100 tons of sand to around 500℃. The sand stays hot for months; when energy (4) (require), air can be pumped through it and heated up. The air in turn heats a system that supplies hot water to heat nearby houses.
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15. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)On a particular sunny day, little Mykel was determined to learn to ride his bike without the help of training wheels. When the neighborhood kids (1) (spot) Mykel shakily controlling his bike, they raced over (2) (help). Some held the bike steady while others offered encouragement. Mykel was not alone as he tried to reach his goal of learning to ride his bike! Some things are (3) (easy) said than done. However, with a little help from friends, things go better!
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16. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)A
Wang was born and grew up in America, but she (1) (build) solid ties with Chinese culture since she was a little girl. She is now riding a new trend: mixing and matching modern clothes with traditional Han dress, or hanfu. She has been posting videos of (2) (she) dressed in hanfu on the Internet, which has attracted many fans on Chinese lifestyle. "I love hanfu. I've made many videos, (3) (aim) to help more people learn about it," Wang told Beijing Review.
B
Engineers invented a new device to produce solar electricity at night. Solar panels transform sunlight into energy, so they (4) (traditional) work only during daylight hours. This device, however, (5) (use) a thermometric generator, which creates energy from differences in temperature. In this case, cool evening air is a slightly different temperature than the solar cell in the panel. That becomes energy (6) is transformed into electricity. The device could be helpful in areas (7) (locate) far from a power grid(电网).
C
A study showed how much dogs love their owners. In the experiment, the researchers first measured how many tears (8) (produce) by dogs when they were just spending time at home with their owners. The team then repeated the experiment, this time with dogs that were reunited with their owners (9) being apart for five hours. The results showed dogs only shed tears during the reunions. The team now wants to find out (10) dogs have a similar emotional response when reunited with other dogs.
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17. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)
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Wang was born and grew up in America,but she(1) ______ ( build) solid ties with Chinese culture since she was a little girl.She is now riding a new trend:mixing and matching modern clothes with traditional Han dress,or hanfu.She has been posting videos of(2) ______ ( she) dressed in hanfu on the Internet,which has attracted many fans on Chinese lifestyle."I love hanfu.I' ve made many videos,(3) ______ ( aim) to help more people learn about it," Wang told Beijing Review.
B
Engineers invented a new device to produce solar electricity at night.Solar panels transform sunlight into energy,so they(1) ______ ( traditional) work only during daylight hours.This device,however,( 2) ______ ( use)a thermometric generator,which creates energy.from differences in temperature.In this case,cool evening air is a slightly different temperature than the solar cell in the panel.That becomes energy (3) ______ is transformed into electricity.The device could be helpful in areas(4) ______ ( locate) far from a power grid(电网).
C
A study showed how much dogs love their owners.In the experiment,the researchers first measured how many tears(1) ______ ( produce) by dogs when they were just spending time at home with their owners.The team then repeated the experiment) this time/ with dogs that were reunited with their owners(2) ______ being apart for five hours.The results showed dogs only shed tears during the reunions.The team now wants to find out(3) ______ dogs have a similar emotional response when reunited with other dogs.
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18. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)It's said that for the Englishman,his house is his castle.However,this does not mean that his house is a beautiful palace that others (1) ______ ( invite) to see.For the British,the home is a place to protect oneself from the outside world.It's a private place in which he goes to hide away (2) ______ the troubles of life.To the American,the home is an expression of (3) ______ ( he).Much money is often spent on each and every room (4) ______ ( create,me right "feel" according to the person's lifestyle.Therefore,he is happy to show his house to others.
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19. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)Smoke jumpers are firefighters, trained to fight fires in places that fire engines can't reach. They travel in small planes and, (1) (use) a parachute, jump into remote wild areas to fight fires. Smoke jumpers have to respond quickly. While a fire is still small, the pilot (2) (drop) team members into the area as needed. Their first job may be to build a fire line to stop the fire from spreading. Water is sent down to them. Smoke jumpers must be (3) (high) trained, very experienced and extremely fit. Their job is very dangerous.
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20. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)
My name is Barbara and I work at a department store. I (1) (work) there for one year when another Barbara joined the staff. Then I changed my name tag from "Barb" to "Barbie". (2) made me feel funny was how small kids talked about me. "Is she really Barbie " they asked. I changed it at my other job, too and began answering the phone, "This is Barbie. How can I help you " The callers have gotten used to that over time, ninety percent of (3) now respond with my name: "Barbie, can you tell me." Pronouncing that long "e" sound forces your mouth into a smile, but I have found the smile is usually returned voluntarily.
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21. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)My name is Barbara and I work at a department store.I (1) ______ (work) there for one year when another Barbara joined the staff.Then I changed my name tag from "Barb" to "Barbie". (2) ______ made me feel funny was how small kids talked about me. "Is she really Barbie?" they asked.I changed it at my other job,too and began answering the phone, "This is Barbie.How can I help you?" The callers have gotten used to that over time,ninety percent of (3) ______ now respond with my name: "Barbie,can you tell me. . . " Pronouncing that long "e" sound forces your mouth into a smile,but I have found the smile is usually returned voluntarily.
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22. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)It's said that for the Englishman, his house is his castle. However, this does not mean that his house is a beautiful palace that others (1) (invite) to see. For the British, the home is a place to protect oneself from the outside world. It's a private place in which he goes to hide away (2) the troubles of life. To the American, the home is an expression of (3) (he). Much money is often spent on each and every room (4) (create) the right "feel" according to the person's lifestyle. Therefore, he is happy to show his house to others.
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23. (2023·北京市市辖区·模拟题)Smoke jumpers are firefighters,trained to fight fires in places that fire engines can't reach.They travel in small planes and,( 1) ______ ( use) a parachute,jump into remote wild areas to fight fires.Smoke jumpers have to respond quickly.While a fire is still small,the pilot (2) ______ (drop) team members into the area as needed.Their first job may be to build a fire line to stop the fire from spreading.Water is sent down to them.Smoke jumpers must be (3) ______ ( high) trained,very experienced and extremely fit.Their job is very dangerous.
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24. (2023·北京市县·模拟题)A I decided to volunteer for this year's half-marathon after the chairman of the organizing committee (1) (visit) my school. For the previous weeks, I had been trained on (2) to be a volunteer for it.
The exciting race began, Cathy and I waited patiently until word spread that the first runners would be arriving soon, we (3) (quick) poured water into the cups for them. After the last runner passed, Cathy and I started clearing up. Tired and wet with sweat, we felt good.
B
According to some food experts, it is hardest to give up the food you grow up with. Of course, each person's comfort food largely depends on the place (4) they come—for a Chinese it might be a plate of dumplings with a saucer of vinegar, and for a native of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips, (5) (serve) hot, salty and sour. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, (6) (give) us the "taste of home" and relieving feelings of homesickness.
C
During the opening ceremony of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, there was a surprise (7) (appear) by Hollywood actor Morgan Freeman.
The American superstar (8) (spot) with a young physically-challenged Qatari boy, Al Muftah. The boy was born with a rare condition known as CRS. It (9) (impact) the normal formation of the lower half of the body.
But the determined young man refused to let his condition prevent his thirst (10) life and decided to take on a range of sports—tackling everything from rock climbing, football, ice hockey to swimming.
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参考答案
1.【答案】【小题1】endangered
【小题2】to restore
【小题3】with
【小题4】has grown
【解析】(1)考查形容词。句意:秋沙鸭是国家一级保护的濒危物种。根据"under class-one state protection"可知,此处是指秋沙鸭是濒危物种,所以应用形容词endangered表示"濒危的"作定语。故填endangered。
(2)考查动词不定式。句意:近年来,该省加强了恢复森林、湿地和其他生态系统的措施。measure意为"措施",为抽象名词,所以应用to do不定式作后置定语。故填to restore。
(3)考查介词。句意:中国已建立自然保护区49个,总面积256.13万公顷。根据"China has established 49 nature reserves"和"a total area of 2,561,300 hectares"可知,此处是指"带有,具有",所以应用介词with。故填with。
(4)考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:由于这些努力,在过去的几年里,当地的中国秋沙鸭的数量已经从十几只左右增加到近100只。根据"over the past few years"可知,此处应用现在完成时。主语population为不可数名词,所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填has grown。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国家一级保护濒危物种秋沙鸭的保护现状。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
2.【答案】【小题1】lived/were living
【小题2】raising
【小题3】asked
【解析】(1)考查动词时态。句意:Elle Gianelli想让住在养老院的老年人脸上露出笑容。根据"Elle Gianelli wanted to put a smile on the faces of the seniors"可知,此处应用一般过去时。也可以理解为正在住在养老院的状态,所以也可用过去进行时,主语who代指先行词seniors,为复数。故填lived/were living。
(2)考查现在分词。句意:由于喜欢在高尔夫球场上穿傻傻的袜子,Elle Gianelli创立了Socks4 Seniors,并通过GoFundMe网站筹集资金。动词raise意为"筹集",和谓语之间没有连词,和主语Elle Gianelli构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词作状语。故填raising。
(3)考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问及这笔钱的用途时,她解释说,这笔钱将用于为该国所有生活在辅助生活设施中的老年人购买明亮的图案袜子和贴心的便条。在when引导的时间状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语相同时,可以省略从句的主语和系动词。动词ask意为"询问",和主语构成被动关系,所以应用过去分词形式。故填asked。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Elle Gianelli为了改善养老院老年人的生活做出的努力。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
3.【答案】【小题1】as/because
【小题2】which
【小题3】goes
【解析】(1)考查连词。句意:这种电池可以储存比标准锂电池多四倍的能量,而且由于海盐的广泛使用,制造成本较低。空处引导状语从句,表示原因,应用as/because引导原因状语从句,故填as/because。
(2)考查非限制性定语从句。句意:它也比其他使用稀有金属(如锂)的电池更环保。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词other batteries,指物,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用which来引导,故填which。
(3)考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:在这种电池上市销售之前,这个团队将继续研究这个想法。此处在before引导的状语从句中作谓语,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,主语this kind of the batteries,为单数,且和主语go是主动关系,应用go的第三人称单数形式,故填goes。
这是一篇说明文。澳大利亚的科学家利用海水中的一种盐---硫酸钠制造了一种新的电池。文章主要介绍了这种电池的好处。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
4.【答案】【小题1】patiently
【小题2】listening
【小题3】will have/am going to have
【小题4】known
【小题5】where
【小题6】into/to
【小题7】diaries
【小题8】was created
【小题9】What
【小题10】to handle
【解析】(1)考查副词。句意:她耐心地给我读了很多不同的书,包括古代冒险故事、旅行故事、家庭剧、历史小说等。修饰动词,用副词形式。故填patiently。
(2)考查动名词。句意:让我高兴的是,每听一本书都让我感觉像在看电影,但更好,因为书比电影提供了更多的细节。分析句子结构可知,句中缺少主语,所以用动名词作主语。故填listening。
(3)考查动词时态。句意:明年,大学毕业后,我将有一份教英语的工作。根据时间状语Next year可知,用一般将来时。故填will have/am going to have。
(4)考查过去分词。句意:北京奥林匹克公园,又称奥林匹克公园,位于北京市朝阳区,总土地面积11.59平方公里。根据句子分析可知,此处作定语,主语Beijing Olympic Park与know之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
(5)考查非限制性定语从句。句意:著名的国家体育馆或者"鸟巢"是公园的中心,在这里举办了2022年北京冬奥会的开幕式和闭幕式。根据句子分析可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为The famous National Stadium or "Bird's Nest",在定语从句中作地点状语,故应用where引导。故填where。
(6)考查介词。句意:为2022年北京冬奥会和残运会,将它改造成了"冰立方",并在游泳池上建造了可拆卸的冰壶跑道,以举办冰壶比赛。根据句意可知,此处意为"转变为,改变为",表达为be transformed into/to。故填into/to。
(7)考查可数名词的复数。句意:世界环境日是我们每个人都需要记在日记里的一天。名词diary为可数名词,根据形容词性物主代词our可知,用名词的复数形式。故填diaries。
(8)考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:世界环境日由联合国大会于1972年创立。根据时间状语in 1972可知,用一般过去时。主语WED与create之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态,主语为专有名词,所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填was created。
(9)考查主语从句。句意:人们在这一天能做的就是开始改变生活方式来减少碳足迹。本句为主语从句,从句缺少宾语,指物,所以用连接代词what引导,句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
(10)考查动词不定式。句意:这些活动鼓励政府和当地社区共同努力解决环境问题。句中用不定式作目的状语。故填to handle。
这是三个片段:A 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候,邻居激发了作者的阅读兴趣。B 本文为一篇说明文。介绍了北京奥林匹克公园。C 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界环境日。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
5.【答案】【小题1】worse
【小题2】Apparently
【小题3】which
【解析】(1)考查形容词比较级。句意:尽管社会发展迅速,人们普遍认识到大城市的生活质量越来越差。结合句意和much可知,此处用形容词比较级作表语。故填worse。
(2)考查副词。句意:显然,它们吸引了想在同一地区生活和工作的人。修饰句子应用副词apparently,作状语,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Apparently。
(3)考查非限制性定语从句。句意:因此,人们花更少的时间开车去工作和娱乐,这反过来又减少了污染,并可能改善人们的福祉。指代上文句子内容,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故用which引导。故填which。
这是一篇说明文。尽管社会发展迅速,人们普遍认识到大城市的生活质量越来越差。解决这一问题的正确方法是开发综合功能区。例如,混合用途区域可能包含办公室和企业、公寓和娱乐设施。显然,它们吸引了想在同一地区生活和工作的人。因此,人们花更少的时间开车去工作和娱乐,这反过来又减少了污染,并可能改善人们的福祉。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
6.【答案】【小题1】consists
【小题2】have influenced
【小题3】for
【小题4】shared
【解析】(1)考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:传统的中国制茶包括茶园的管理、茶叶的采摘、茶叶的加工、饮用和分享的知识、技能和实践。陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为Traditional Chinese tea-making,谓语用三单形式。故填consists。
(2)考查动词时态。句意:与茶有关的习俗不仅遍布全国,而且自古以来就通过古丝绸之路和贸易路线影响着世界其他地区。根据后文since ancient times可知应用现在完成时,主语为they,助动词用have。故填have influenced。
(3)考查介词。句意:几千年来,茶一直为世界所喜爱和着迷。后跟一段时间,表示"几千年来"应用介词for。故填for。
(4)考查形容词。句意:它们终于得到了全球最高级别的认可,成为人类共同的文化瑰宝。修饰名词treasure应用形容词shared,作定语。故填shared。
这是一篇说明文。传统的中国制茶包括茶园的管理、茶叶的采摘、茶叶的加工、饮用和分享的知识、技能和实践。与茶有关的习俗不仅遍布全国,而且自古以来就通过古丝绸之路和贸易路线影响着世界其他地区。几千年来,茶一直为世界所喜爱和着迷。它们终于得到了全球最高级别的认可,成为人类共同的文化瑰宝。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
7.【答案】【小题1】sticking
【小题2】but
【小题3】is supposed
【解析】(1)考查现在分词。句意:这就是问题所在:我表现得好像还在办公室里,被无休止的新闻循环所束缚。空处应用非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语I和stick to之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故填sticking。
(2)考查并列连词。句意:我的身体在度假,但我的大脑却没有。结合句意可知是,上下文是转折关系,应用but连接。故填but。
(3)考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:假期应该能帮助你重新调整大脑,使其更有效率。句子陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,be supposed to"应该做某事"是固定短语,主语是第三人称单数,be用is。故填is supposed。
这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者决定吸取去年旅行的教训,今年旅行时不带笔记本电脑,充分放松自己。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
8.【答案】【小题1】
were documented
【小题2】
which/that
【小题3】
collecting
【小题4】
in
【小题5】
expressions
【小题6】
sadder
【小题7】
to influence
【小题8】
has gone
【小题9】
touchs
【小题10】
whether
【解析】1.
句意:珍贵的家庭时刻被记录下来。空处作谓语,和主语moments为被动关系,需用被动语态,结合上文“recorded”可知,此处陈述过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时,主语为复数名词,谓语动词使用复数形式。故填were documented。
2.
句意:我很感激这些记录我们青春和成长的影像。空处引导定语从句,先行词records,指物,在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
3.
句意:我录制的题材广泛,因此收集了数以万计的图像——有静止的,也有移动的。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词recorded,空处需填非谓语动词作状语,I和collect为逻辑主谓关系,需填动词的-ing形式。故填collecting。
4.
句意:犹他大学的尼古拉斯·科尔斯博士说:“传统观念告诉我们,微笑会让我们感到更快乐,皱眉会让我们的心情更严肃。”in a more serious mood为固定短语,意为“处于更严肃的情绪”。故填in。
5.
句意:他的团队综合了对1.1万多名参与者进行的138项研究的数据,发现面部表情确实对情绪有影响。分析句子可知,“facial (2) (express) do have impact on feelings”是宾语从句,提示词是从句中主语,应用名词expression作主语,结合谓语中助动词do可知,主语是复数名词。故填expressions。
6.
句意:例如,微笑让人更快乐,皱眉让人更生气,皱眉让人更悲伤。“make+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法,且空处和happier,angrier并列,空处需填形容词比较级作宾语补足语。故填sadder。
7.
句意:这些发现令人兴奋,因为它们提供了一个线索,说明大脑和身体是如何相互作用,影响我们对情感的有意识体验的。空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to influence。
8.
句意:在一杯茶的表面画上竹子的图案,茶百戏,这种古老的中国茶艺,最近在网上疯传。根据时间状语“recently”可知,此处使用现在完成时,主语为an ancient Chinese tea trick,助动词用has。故填has gone。
9.
句意:当水接触到茶的表面时,它会变成白色,并在20分钟内消失。when引导的时间状语从句缺少谓语动词,主句谓语动词turns是一般现在时,从句也使用一般现在时,主语为the water,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填touches。
10. 句意:它的质量对于以后是否能成功地制作出图案至关重要。空处引导宾语从句,作介词to的宾语,从句不缺成分,连接词表示“是否”,需用whether引导。故填whether。
9.【答案】【小题1】had seen
【小题2】how
【小题3】filling
【小题4】whose
【小题5】carried
【小题6】finest
【小题7】created
【小题8】natural
【小题9】from
【小题10】is trained
【解析】(1)考查时态。句意:在一个普通的春日,我们正在欣赏他最喜欢的电影之一,这部电影他以前看过很多次。根据后文many times before可知表示"过去的过去"应用过去完成时。故填had seen。
(2)考查宾语从句。句意:突然,他站了起来,紧紧地抱住我。你可以想象我有多兴奋。分析句子可知,横线处引导宾语从句,表示"多么激动"应用how excited。故填how。
(3)考查现在分词。句意:虽然只是一个拥抱,但它对我来说意义重大,让我充满了巨大的喜悦。分析句子结构可知本句已有谓语meant,所以横线处的动词作非谓语,fill与逻辑主语hug是主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填filling。
(4)考查非限制性定语从句。句意:今年,以"读中国"为主题的第十三届中国图书展于1月24日在全球85家书店举行。分析句子可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,从句中缺定语,所以用关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。
(5)考查时态。句意:此次图书展将会开展书展、文艺演出等多种活动。分析句子可知,本句描述的是过去的事实,所以本句用一般过去时,横线处做句子谓语,所以横线处用动词的过去式。故填carried。
(6)考查形容词最高级。句意:总的来说,今年的书展向当地读者展示了最新、最好的中国出版物,让他们更好地了解新时代的中国。由并列连词and和the newest可知,横线处应使用形容词最高级。故填finest。
(7)考查过去分词。句意:ChatGPT是Open AI创造的一种新的人工智能技术。分析句子可知本句已有谓语is,所以横线处的动词作非谓语,create与逻辑主语a new artificial intelligence technology构成被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填created。
(8)考查形容词。句意:它使机器能够以自然和对话的方式理解和回应人类的对话。分析句子可知,横线处用形容词作定语修饰名词way。故填natural。
(9)考查介词。句意:虽然它看起来很有知识,但它远非完美。far from"远非"是固定用法。故填from。
(10)考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:它无法回答关于最近发生的事情的问题,因为它使用的是2021年及之前的数据。根据上文可知,本句用一般现在时,it与train之间是被动关系,要用被动语态,主语it是第三人称单数,所以横线处的助动词用is。故填is trained。
A篇是记叙文。主要讲述患有自闭症的儿子在看电影的时候拥抱了作者,令其非常高兴。
B篇是一篇说明文。主要介绍了第十三届中国图书展。
C篇是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新的人工智能技术——ChatGPT。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固定句型,语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
10.【答案】【小题1】spotted
【小题2】to help
【小题3】easier
【解析】(1)考查一般过去时。句意:当邻居的孩子们发现Mykel摇摇晃晃地控制着他的自行车时,他们跑过去帮忙。根据上文的时间状语"On a particular sunny day"及主句中的"raced"可知,文章是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故填spotted。
(2)考查动词不定式。句意:当邻居的孩子们发现Mykel摇摇晃晃地控制着他的自行车时,他们跑过去帮忙。结合句意可知,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to help。
(3)考查形容词比较级。句意:有些事说起来容易做起来难。根据than可知此处应用形容词比较级。故填easier。
本文是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述Mykel学习骑自行车时得到周围孩子的帮助的故事。
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力,在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意,在读懂短文的基础上,结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空,离不开坚实的语法知识,有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断,从而答对题目。
11.【答案】【小题1】producing
【小题2】when
【小题3】used
【小题4】is required
【解析】(1)考查动名词。句意:可再生的发电方法,如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板,只能在刮风或阳光明媚的日子提供电力。介词for后面接动词的ing形式,作宾语,故填producing。
(2)考查定语从句。句意:可再生的发电方法,如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板,只能在刮风或阳光明媚的日子提供电力。分析句子可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词days在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when引导该从句,故填when。
(3)考查过去分词。句意:用于储存能量的电池价格昂贵,也可能造成污染。空处应用非谓语动词作定语,修饰前面名词batteries,batteries与动词use之间为被动关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语,故填used。
(4)考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:当需要能量时,可以通过它泵送空气并加热。空处在时间状语从句中作谓语,从句中主语energy是不可数名词,与动词require之间为被动关系,结合主句中谓语动词可知,此处应用一般现在时的被动语态,be动词用is,故填is required。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了芬兰科学家使用沙子来解决绿色能源大问题。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固定句型,语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
12.【答案】【小题1】initially
【小题2】as
【小题3】freedom
【解析】(1)考查副词。句意:一开始写诗的想法可能会让人害怕---你是否需要遵循某种结构,它是否需要押韵,或者你是否需要背诵一本字典来成为一个"合适的"诗人?分析句子可知,空处去掉后不影响理解,故需要填副词的形式作状语。initially是副词"起初"。故填initially。
(2)考查固定短语。句意:虽然有一些"类型"的诗歌提供了结构作为指导,但现实是,诗歌并不一定要遵循一套规则。固定短语serve as意思是"充当,作为",符合句意。故填as。
(3)考查不可数名词。句意:它更多的是传达一种感觉,这为我们开辟了许多创作的自由,供我们探索。creative为形容词表示"创新的;创作的",a lot of表示"很多",故空处需要填名词。freedom是不可数名词"自由"。故填freedom。
本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了写诗让人害怕的原因,并解释道,诗歌不需要遵循"死板"的规则。
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力,在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意,在读懂短文的基础上,结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空,离不开坚实的语法知识,有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断,从而答对题目。
13.【答案】【小题1】
initially
【小题2】
as
【小题3】
freedom
【解析】1. 句意:一开始写诗的想法可能会让人害怕——你是否需要遵循某种结构,它是否需要押韵,或者你是否需要背诵一本字典来成为一个“合适的”诗人?分析句子可知,空处去掉后不影响理解,故需要填副词的形式作状语。故填initially。
2. 句意:虽然有一些“类型”的诗歌提供了结构作为指导,但现实是,诗歌并不一定要遵循一套规则。固定短语serve as表示“用作;充当;作为”,符合句意。故填as。
3. 句意:它更多的是传达一种感觉,这为我们开辟了许多创作的自由,供我们探索。creative为形容词表示“创新的;创作的”,a lot of表示“很多”,故空处需要填名词。故填freedom。
14.【答案】【小题1】
producing
【小题2】
when
【小题3】
are used
【小题4】
is required
【解析】1. 句意:可再生发电方法,如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板,只能在有风或有太阳的日子里提供电力。空前为介词for,故空处需要填动词的-ing形式构成“介宾”结构。故填producing。
2. 句意:可再生发电方法,如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板,只能在有风或有太阳的日子里提供电力。分析句子可知,此处为定语从句,修饰先行词the days,表“时间”,从句中不缺主、宾、表和定语,故填关系副词。故填when。
3. 句意:用来储存能量的电池价格昂贵,而且会造成污染。结合句意可知,此处为陈述客观事实,故用一般现在时态即可;动词use和复数主语Electric batteries为动宾关系,故需要用被动语态be done的形式。故填are used。
4. 句意:当需要能量时,空气可以通过它来加热。结合句意可知,此处为陈述客观事实,故用一般现在时态即可;动词require和单数主语energy为动宾关系,故需要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is required。
15.【答案】【小题1】
spotted
【小题2】
to help
【小题3】
easier
【解析】1. 句意:当邻居的孩子们发现Mykel摇摇晃晃地控制着他的自行车时,他们跑过去帮忙。根据上文的时间状语“On a particular sunny day”及主句中的“raced”可知,文章是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故填spotted。
2. 句意同上。结合句意可知,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to help。
3. 句意:有些事说起来容易做起来难。根据than可知此处应用形容词比较级。故填easier。
16.【答案】【小题1】
has built
【小题2】
herself
【小题3】
aiming
【小题4】
traditionally
【小题5】
uses
【小题6】
which
【小题7】
located
【小题8】
were produced
【小题9】
after
【小题10】
whether/if
【解析】1. 句意:王女士出生并长在美国,但是从她是个小女孩的时候,她就和中国文化产生了牢固的联系。此处主语为she,build为谓语动词,主语she与build之间为主动关系,且根据后文的时间状语从句since she was a little girl可知,此处应用现在完成时,故填has built。
2. 句意:她一直在网上上传她穿着汉服的视频,这吸引了很多喜欢中国生活方式的人。此处of是介词,后跟宾语,且主语为she,此处意为“她自己”,故应用反身代词herself作宾语,故填herself。
3. 句意:我录了很多视频,是为了帮助更多的人了解它。根据句子分析可知,此处作状语,aim与主语I之间为主动关系,故应用动词的-ing形式作状语,故填aiming。
4. 句意:太阳能电板将阳光转化为能量,因此它们只能传统地在白天的时候发挥作用。根据句子分析可知,此处作状语,修饰动词work,故应用副词“traditionally传统地”修饰,故填traditionally。
5. 句意:然而,这一设备使用了一个热电发电机,利用温差产生能量。此处this device作主语,为单数,与谓语动词use之间为主动关系,且根据后文的creates可知,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,故填uses。
6. 句意:这就变成了能量,再转化成电能。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为energy,指物,定语从句中缺少主语,故应用which引导,故填which。
7. 句意:这一设备对那些离电网很远的地区来说,是很有帮助的。此处作定语,修饰areas,areas与locate之间为被动关系,故应用动词的-ed形式作后置定语,故填located。
8. 句意:在实验中,研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。根据“they were”可知,主句为一般过去时,主语tears与谓语produce为被动关系。故填were produced。
9. 句意:然后,研究小组重复了这个实验,这次是分别5小时后与主人团聚的狗。根据句意可知,空处填介词after。故填after。
10. 句意:研究小组现在想知道,当狗和其他狗团聚时,是否会有类似的情绪反应。find out后接宾语从句,根据句意可知,表示“是否”,用连接词whether或者if。故填whether/if。
17.【答案】【小题1】has built
【小题2】herself
【小题3】aiming
【小题4】traditionally
【解析】A(1)考查时态及主谓一致。句意:王女士出生并长在美国,但是从她是个小女孩的时候,她就和中国文化产生了牢固的联系。分析可知,所填词为句子谓语动词,根据后文时间状语从句since she was a little girl可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语she为单数,助动词应用has,故填has built。
(2)考查反身代词。句意:她一直在网上上传她穿着汉服的视频,这吸引了很多喜欢中国生活方式的人。分析可知,介词of后应跟宾语,结合句意及主语she可知,此处应用反身代词herself"她自己"作宾语,故填herself。
(3)考查现在分词。句意:"我喜欢汉服。我制作了很多视频,旨在帮助更多的人了解它,"王在《北京评论》说。分析可知,此处应用非谓语形式作状语,动词aim与其逻辑主语I之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词形式作状语,故填aiming。
B(1)考查副词。句意:太阳能电板将阳光转化为能量,因此它们只能传统地在白天的时候发挥作用。分析句子成分可知,此处应用副词traditionally"传统地"作状语,修饰动词work,故填traditionally。
(2)考查时态及主谓一致。句意:然而,这一设备使用了一个热电发电机,利用温差产生能量。分析可知,所填词为句子谓语动词,结合语境可知,句子是在陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语this device为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填uses。
(3)考查定语从句关系词。句意:这就变成了能量,再转化成电能。分析可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为energy,指物,在定语从句中作主语,故应用关系代词which引导,故填which。
(4)考查过去分词。句意:这一设备对那些离电网很远的地区来说,是很有帮助的。分析可知,此处应用非谓语形式作后置定语,locate与其逻辑主语areas之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词作后置定语,故填located。
C
(1)考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:在实验中,研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。分析可知,所填词为从句谓语动词,根据主句中的measured及后文时间状语从句中的were可知,句子是在叙述过去的事情,应用一般过去时,主语tears与谓语produce之间为被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语tears为复数,be动词应用were,故填were produced。
(2)考查介词。句意:然后,研究小组重复了这个实验,这次实验是在与主人分别5小时后团聚的狗的身上进行的。根据句意可知,此处应填介词after表示"在......之后",故填after。
(3)考查宾语从句连接词。句意:研究小组现在想知道,当狗和其他狗团聚时,是否会有类似的情绪反应。分析可知,此处引导宾语从句,从句成分完整,表示"是否",故应用连接词whether或者if引导,故填whether/if。
A篇是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了喜欢中国文化的王女士经常上传自己穿着汉服的视频,想要更多的人了解汉服。
B篇是一篇说明文,文章介绍了一种在夜间也能生产太阳能电力的设备。
C篇是一篇说明文,文章通过实验表明狗狗与主人分别后再团聚会有情绪反应。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固定句型,语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
18.【答案】【小题1】are invited
【小题2】from
【小题3】himself
【小题4】to create
【解析】(1)考查动词的时态和语态。句意:然而,这并不意味着他的房子是一个美丽的宫殿,其他人都会被邀请来参观。空处为定语从句的谓语动词,主语others与invite为动宾关系,表示"被邀请",故需要用到被动语态;文章为陈述客观事实,故用一般现在时态。故填are invited。
(2)考查介词。句意:这是他躲避生活烦恼的私人场所。结合句意,表示"躲避"为固定短语hide away from。故填from。
(3)考查反身代词。句意:对于美国人来说,房屋就是表达他自己的一种方式。结合句意可知,空处需要填反身代词表示"美国人自己";根据谓语动词is和宾语an expression可知,此处反身代词需要用单数形式,在性别有男有女时,用himself代指。故填himself。
(4)考查动词不定式。句意:通常会在每个房间都花很多钱,以根据人们的生活方式来创造一种合适的"感觉"。分析句子结构,谓语动词为is spent,故空处需要填非谓语的形式;结合句意,表示"来……"为目的,故用to do不定式的形式。故填to create。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了"房屋"对英国人和美国人分别意味着什么。
做完形填空首先要通读全文,了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格,所以,必须先通读一至两遍,才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句,做一句。其次要逐句分析,前后一致。答案全部填完后,再通读一遍文章,检查是否通顺流畅,用词得当,意思正确。
19.【答案】【小题1】
using
【小题2】
drops/will drop
【小题3】
highly
【解析】1. 句意:他们乘坐小型飞机旅行,并使用降落伞跳入偏远的荒野地区灭火。分析句子成分可知,本句的谓语动词为“travel”和“jump”,连词为“and”,故提示词应为非谓语动词。照应主语“They”,为逻辑上的主动关系,故用-ing形式作方式状语。故填using。
2. 句意:当火势还很小时,飞行员会根据需要将队员空投到该地区。分析句子成分可知,本句为“While”引导的时间状语从句,主将从现,故主句应用一般将来时。另外,本句也可理解为客观描述,可用一般现在时。故填drops/will drop。
3. 句意:跳伞灭火员必须训练有素,非常有经验和非常健康。根据空前后为谓语动词“must be trained”可知,应为副词修饰动词。故填highly。
20.【答案】【小题1】
had worked
【小题2】
What
【小题3】
whom
【解析】1. 句意:我在那里工作了一年之后,另一个Barbara加入了工作。由“when another Barbara joined the staff”可知,当另一个Barbara加入了工作时,“我”已经工作一年了,空格处用过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去,因此空格处是had worked。故填had worked。
2. 句意:让我觉得好笑的是小孩子们怎么谈论我。空格处引导的是主语从句,从句中缺少主语,此处指“小孩子们怎么谈论我”这件事,因此空格处用what引导主语从句。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填What。
3. 句意:随着时间的推移,来百货公司的的人已经习惯了,现在90%的人对我名字的反应是“芭比,你能告诉我吗?”空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词callers是人,因此空格处用whom,故填whom。
21.【答案】【小题1】had worked
【小题2】What
【小题3】whom
【解析】(1)考查动词时态。句意:我在那里工作了一年之后,另一个芭芭拉加入了工作。根据从句when another Barbara joined the staff可知,work发生在joined之前,表示"过去的过去",要用过去完成时。故填had worked。
(2)考查主语从句。句意:让我觉得好笑的是小孩子们怎么谈论我。分析句子结构可知,主语从句中缺少主语,用what作其主语,相当于the thing which/that,同时引导主语从句,因what在句首,首字母大写。故填What。
(3)考查定语从句。句意:随着时间的推移,打电话的人已经习惯了,现在90%的人都用我的名字回答:"芭比,你能告诉我……"先行词callers在非限制性定语从句中作介词of的宾语,指人,用关系代词whom引导从句。故填whom。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者在一家百货公司工作时,另一位和作者同名的人也加入进来的趣事。
在一篇200词左右的语篇(短文或对话)中留出10处空白,部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式,所填写词语不得多于3个单词。要做好语法填空题,理解短文是解题的前提,扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础,英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充。考生须灵活运用语法知识,如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。答完后,还要通读全文,核对所填单词形式是否正确,是否符合语境。
22.【答案】【小题1】
are invite
【小题2】
from
【小题3】
himself
【小题4】
to create
【解析】1. 句意:然而,这并不意味着他的房子是一个美丽的宫殿,其他人都会被邀请来参观。空处为定语从句的谓语动词,主语others与invite为动宾关系,表示“被邀请”,故需要用到被动语态;文章为陈述客观事实,故用一般现在时态。故填are invited。
2. 句意:这是他躲避生活烦恼的私人场所。结合句意,表示“躲避”为固定短语hide away from。故填from。
3. 句意:对于美国人来说,房屋就是表达他自己的一种方式。结合句意可知,空处需要填反身代词表示“美国人自己”;根据谓语动词is和宾语an expression可知,此处反身代词需要用单数形式,在性别有男有女时,用himself代指。故填himself。
4. 句意:通常会在每个房间都花很多钱,以根据人们的生活方式来创造一种合适的“感觉”。分析句子结构,谓语动词为is spent,故空处需要填非谓语的形式;结合句意,表示“来……”为目的,故用to do不定式的形式。故填to create。
23.【答案】【小题1】using
【小题2】drops/will drop
【小题3】highly
【解析】(1)考查现在分词。句意:他们乘坐小型飞机旅行,并使用降落伞跳入偏远的荒野地区灭火。本句中已有谓语动词travel且无连接词,空处应用非谓语动词,逻辑主语they与动词use之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词形式,作状语,故填using。
(2)考查动词时态。句意:当火势仍然很小时,飞行员会根据需要将团队成员空投到该地区。空处作主句谓语,while引导的时间状语从句中用了一般现在时,此处应用一般现在时或一般将来时表达。若用一般现在时,主语the pilot是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式drops,故填drops/will drop。
(3)考查副词。句意:空降森林灭火员必须训练有素,非常有经验和非常健康。空处修饰过去分词trained,应用副词作状语,根据句意,表示"高标准地;高度地",应用副词highly;high本身也可用作副词,表示具体的高度,不符合语境,故填highly。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了空降森林灭火员的工作特点、任务及性质等。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固定句型,语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
24.【答案】【小题1】
visited
【小题2】
how
【小题3】
quickly
【小题4】
where
【小题5】
served
【小题6】
giving
【小题7】
appearance
【小题8】
was spotted
【小题9】
impacts
【小题10】
for
【解析】1. 句意:在组委会主席参观我的学校后,我决定志愿参加今年的半程马拉松比赛。句子陈述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填visited。
2. 句意:在之前的几周里,我一直在接受如何成为一名志愿者的培训。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用“疑问词+to do”结构,作on的宾语,表示“如何”,应用how。故填how。
3. 句意:激动人心的比赛开始了,凯茜和我耐心地等待着,直到第一批选手即将到来的消息传开,我们迅速地把水倒进杯子里。此处修饰动词poured,应用副词,作状语。故填quickly。
4. 句意:当然,每个人的舒适食物在很大程度上取决于他们来的地方——对中国人来说,可能是一盘饺子和一碟醋,而对英国人来说,可能是经典的炸鱼薯条,热热的、咸咸的、酸酸的被端上来。此处引导定语从句,先行词为the place,在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where,故填where。
5. 句意同上。此处为非谓语动词形式作状语,serve与逻辑主语the classic fish and chips之间是被动关系,用动词的-ed形式作状语,故填served。
6. 句意:一口安慰的食物带我们回到我们的文化根源,给我们"家的味道",缓解乡愁。此处为非谓语动词形式作状语,One mouthful of comfort food与give之间是主动关系,用动词的-ing形式作状语,故填giving。
7. 句意:在2022年卡塔尔世界杯的开幕式上,好莱坞演员摩根 弗里曼( Morgan Freeman)惊奇现身。结合句意和 a可知,此处用名词的单数形式,故填appearance。
8. 句意:这位美国超级巨星和一位身体有缺陷的年轻卡塔尔男孩一起出现。结合句意可知,讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时,主语为superstar,谓语动词用三单形式,且与spot之间是被动关系,故填was spotted。
9. 句意:它影响下半身的正常形成。结合句意可知,此处在讲述一般事实,句子用一般现在时,主语为it,谓语动词用三单形式,故填impacts。
10. 句意:但是,这位意志坚强的年轻人拒绝让他的疾病阻止他对生活的热爱,决定进行一系列运动——从攀岩、足球、冰球到游泳,无所不包。thirst for“渴望”是固定短语,故填for。
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