2023年外研版中考英语复习 第五节 数词课件(共49张PPT)

(共49张PPT)
第一部分 基于语义的语法知识篇
词 类
第五节 数词
目录
考点思维导图
01
中考考点回顾
02
考点精讲精练
03
语篇考点专练
04
考点思维导图
中考考点回顾
考点 考查题型及频次 考查内容
序数词 单项填空（2年1考） 当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时省略the（2019）
短文填空（5年1考） 固定搭配at first（2018）
分数 单项填空（2年1考） 分数的写法：当分子大于1时，分母加-s（2018）
35. According to a survey，three out of five women do housework at home，but only _____ of men would do it.
A. four fifth B. four fifths
C. two fifth D. two fifths
解析：考查分数的写法：当分子大于1时，分母加-s。故选D。
单项填空
Both brothers were so sad about the job at _79_， but after completing the task， they felt a sense of pride, and so did their father.
解析：考查序数词的固定搭配at first(起初)。故填first。
短文填空
32. We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her _____ birthday.
A. seventy B. the seventy
C. the seventieth D. seventieth
解析：考查当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时省略the的用法。故选D。
单项填空
考点精讲精练
考点1
基数词
1. 基数词的基本构成
基数词 举例
基数词1～12为独立的单词，有其各自的形式 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
续表
基数词 举例
基数词13～19以-teen结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen, nineteen
基数词20～90的整十位数以-ty结尾 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
续表
基数词 举例
基数词21～99的十位与个位之间要加连字符“-”(不含整十位数) twenty-one, thirty-two
三位数或三位数以上的基数词：百位与十位之间一般用连词and连接；如果十位是“0”，则百位与个位间用and one hundred and sixty-one, one hundred and one
续表
基数词 举例
表示三位数或三位数以上的常用词汇：hundred(百), thousand(千), million(百万), billion(十亿) one hundred, two thousand, three million, four billion
2. 基数词表示数目的多少
There are fifty students in our class. 我们班上有50个学生。
There are __________ days in a week. 一周有7天。
seven
3. 基数词表示时刻
(1)顺读法：适用于任何时刻的表达，用基数词表述 “小时数+分钟数”。
6：00读作six o’clock
6：10读作six ten
6：30读作 _____________
6：45读作 _____________
six thirty
six forty-five
(2)逆读法：
①分钟数小于或等于30时，用 “分钟数+past+小时数”。
6：05读作five past six
6：15 读作 a quarter past six
6：20读作 ________________________
6：30读作 ________________________
twenty past six
half past six
②分钟数超过30时，用 “(60-分钟数)+to+(小时数+1)”。
6：45 读作a quarter to seven
6：50 读作ten to seven
6：40读作 _________________________
6：35 读作 _______________________
【注意】在逆读法中，15分钟一般用a quarter表示, 30分钟一般用half表示。
twenty to seven
twenty-five to seven
(3)注意下面三种表达：
half an hour 半小时
one and a half hours=one hour and a half 一个半小时
two more hours=another two hours 再多两个小时
4. hundred， thousand， million， billion的用法
(1)表示确切数目：当它们前面有具体的数字时，这四个词的词尾不能加-s, 也不能与of 连用。
two hundred,four thousand
(2)表示概数：当它们与of连用时，这四个词的词尾要加-s，前面不能加具体的数字。
hundreds of 数以百计的,thousands of 数以千计的
5. 基数词表示编号
No. 6, Class 5,Grade 6， Room 888
【注意】表示编号时，单数可数名词（首字母大写）+基数词（首字母大写）=the+序数词（首字母小写）+单数可数名词（首字母小写）。
Unit One＝the first unit第一单元
Page Two＝the second page第二页
6. 基数词表示年龄
（1）“at the age of+基数词”表示“在某人……岁时”。 at the age of fifteen 在15岁时
（2）“基数词-year-old”表示“……岁的”。
a five-year-old boy 一个5岁大的男孩
(3)“in+one’s+整十复数(改y为i+-es)”表示“在某人几十岁时”。
in his thirties 在他30多岁时
7. 基数词表示倍数和次数
表示“一倍；一次”用once, “两倍；两次”用twice，三倍或三次以上用“基数词+times”。
three times 3倍；3次
8. 小数、百分数表达法：小数点读作point，百分号“%”读作percent
5. 65读作five point six five
30%读作thirty percent
10. 9读作 ____________________
45%读作 ____________________
ten point nine
forty-five percent
【注意】“小数 / 百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与它们所修饰的名词的数保持一致。
30 percent of the water is used up. 30%的水被用光了。
Fifty percent of the students in our school __________ girls. 我们学校一半的学生是女生。
are
9. 其他特殊且重要的表达方式
(1)“in+年份”表示“在具体某一年”。
in 1949 在1949年
(2)“in+the+整十年份+-s”表示“在……世纪……年代”。
in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代
（3）“基数词-单数可数名词（作定语）”表示时间、距离。
a ten-minute walk=ten minutes’ walk 10分钟的步行路程
（4）“基数词+单位名词（meter, feet, inch等）+形容词（long, high, wide等）”表示长、宽、高等。
five meters wide 5米宽
( )1. In our city museum, there are many old things from two _____ years ago on show. (2022齐齐哈尔)
A. thousands B. thousands of C. thousand
C
( )2. —People in our town planted _____ trees on Tree Planting Day.
—Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener. (2022宿迁改编)
A. hundred B. hundred of C. hundreds of
C
( )3. My aunt became a nurse in her _____ and she still loves her job now. (2021绥化)
A. twenties B. twentieth C. twenty
A
( )4. The _____ Lianyungang-Xuzhou High-speed Railway was open to the public this year.
(2021连云港改编)
A. 180 kilometer long B. 180-kilometers-long C. 180-kilometer-long
C
( )5. —What’s twenty and fifty
—It’s _____. (2021武威)
A. fifty B. seventy C. eighty D. ninety
B
1. 基数词变序数词的规律
考点2
序数词
规律口诀 举例
基变序，容易记，加上-th就可以； 一二三，特殊记，词尾字母t,d,d； 八减t，九减e， f来把ve替； 若是遇到整十数，ty变作tie; 若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以 four→fourth, eighteen→eighteenth
one→first, two→second, three→third
eight→eighth, nine→ninth, five→fifth
twenty→twentieth, thirty→thirtieth
twenty-one→twenty-first, fifty-four→fifty-fourth
2. 序数词表示事物的先后顺序，常与定冠词the连用
This is the first present. 这是第一份礼物。
【注意】当序数词作副词，充当状语时，不用加the。
I took out my book first. 首先，我拿出了我的书。
3. 当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时则省略the(2019. 32)
This is my second time to Beijing. 这是我第二次到北京。
Tom’s fifth birthday is coming soon. 汤姆的第5个生日马上就到了。
4. 序数词表达日期
2016年8月19日
可写作：August 19th, 2016 / 19th August, 2016
可读作：August the nineteenth， two thousand and sixteen / the nineteenth day of August, two thousand and sixteen
5. 分数表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于1时，分母的序数词要加-s(2018. 35)
one third三分之一，two fifths五分之二
【注意】“分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与它们所修饰的名词的数保持一致。
Five sixths of the homework has been finished. 六分之五的作业已经完成了。
One second of my classmates _______ to school by bike. 我有一半的同学骑车上学。
go
6. 其他表达方式：a/an+序数词，表示“再一；又一”
a second chance 第二次机会,a third time 第三次
7. 序数词在一些固定搭配中不加the(2018. 79)
at first起初，first of all首先，from first to last自始至终，at first sight第一眼
( )1. —I have been to Mount Fanjing three times. What about you
—I have been there three times, too. And I would like to visit it a _____ time. (2022铜仁改编)
A. the fourth B. fourth C. four
B
( )2. About _____ of my classmates help their parents do housework on weekends. (2022郴州)
A. two fifths B. second five C. second fifths
( )3. There are _____ people in the picture, and the _____ one from the left is me. (2022百色改编)
A. eight; third B. eight; three C. eighth; third
A
A
( )4. —This will be my _____ visit to the Great Wall. I’m really excited.
—Really I can’t believe you’ve never been there yet. You arrived in Beijing almost a year ago! (2022武威)
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
A
( )5. The Communist Party of China was 100 years old in 2021. We celebrated her ___ birthday on July 1st.
A. hundred B. hundredth C. the hundredth
B
语篇考点专练
语法选择
Making a deer out of paper without cutting or using glue sounds impossible. But for Du Jialei, paper _1_ be folded into anything. There is no limit to his imagination.
Du, is a _2_ student from Shanghai University. He won the _3_ place at the ninth IOIO (国际折纸奥林匹克) in February this year. _4_ competitors from 59 countries and areas took part in this year’s event.
can
23-year-old
third
Hundreds of
Du discovered his _5_ in folding paper in his childhood. After Du went to college in 2017, he had enough time to take the hobby _6_. He learned folding from online teachers and experts. Later he copied patterns _7_ books. He spent almost three years _8_ his basic skills by making copies of other artists’ designs. Then he made _9_ own creations.
interest
seriously
from
improving
his
For Du, folding paper _10_ his ability to pay attention to both the bigger picture and the details. He is creative as he has been challenging himself to make original (原创的) works. （2022徐州改编）
develops
( )1. A. can B. must C. should
( )2. A. 23 years old B. 23-year-old C. 23-years-old
( )3. A. three B. third C. thirdly
( )4. A. Hundred of B. Hundreds of C. Hundreds
( )5. A. interest B. interesting C. interested
A
B
B
B
A
( )6. A. seriousness B. serious C. seriously
( )7. A. to B. for C. from
( )8. A. improve B. to improve C. improving
( )9. A. he B. his C. himself
( )10. A. develop B. develops C. developed
C
C
C
B
B
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