2023年中考英语专题 题型一 语法选择课件(共49张PPT)

(共49张PPT)
第二部分 名师题型攻关
题型一 语法选择
01
题型解读
02
名师点拨
03
真题剖析
04
强化训练
题型解读
一、命题规律
“语法选择”是2020年广东省中考英语新增的题型。具体的形式是：阅读一篇200个单词左右的短文，完成10个空格的语法选择，每空1分，共10分。2020年和2021年每道题目下设4个备选项，而2022年每道题目下设3个备选项，难度稍有降低。不同于完形填空对单词、短语意义的考查，语法选择是在篇章理解的基础上对语法进行考查。
该题型并非脱离语境单纯地考查语法知识，而是要求考生在语境中应用语法知识，强调语言知识在真实交际情境中的运用。考点包括：冠词、介词、形容词和副词的比较等级、同根词辨析、代词、连词、名词、非谓语动词、被动语态、时态、感叹句、宾语从句等。
二、考情分析
年份 2022 2021 2020
体裁&话题 记叙文：一名京剧演员 努力拼搏并最终成功的故事 说明文：世界上最长的徒步吊桥 记叙文：一堂关于中国风筝的课
词数 180 196 204
年份 2022 2021 2020
考点分布 31.介词 32.连词 33.名词（单复数与所有格） 34.非谓语动词 35.同根词辨析 36.副词的比较等级 37.被动语态 38.冠词 39.时态 40.代词 31.形容词的比较等级 32.宾语从句（语序与时态） 33.代词 34.介词 35.冠词 36.名词（单复数与所有格） 37.时态 38.非谓语动词 39.被动语态 40.同根词辨析 31.介词
32.被动语态
33.非谓语动词
34.形容词的比较等级
35.代词
36.时态
37.连词
38.冠词
39.感叹句
40.宾语从句（连接词）
名师点拨
1.快速通读全文，掌握短文大意
通篇浏览短文，掌握文章主旨大意。特别要认真阅读短文的开头句，其一般不设空，为考生提供某种时态或主题信息。通读全文时，不要拘泥于一词一义的理解，对个别不认识的单词、短语，只要不影响理解全文就可以略过。
2.运用语法规则，选择合适答案
首先以句为单位，找到提示词，并结合选项确定考点，然后再选择合适的答案。答题时，要注意所选的答案填入空白处后，整个句子的语法结构（主谓宾、语态、时态）是否合理，语义是否通顺，上下文是否连贯。
动词：考时态（观察有无时态标志词；并结合上下文语境判断）；考非谓语动词（是否含有固定搭配）；考被动语态（判断动词是及物动词还是不及物动词；主语与谓语的关系是主动还是被动）
名词：主要考查可数名词单复数、可数或不可数的判断以及所有格的用法
形容词和副词：考查比较等级，注意标志词或固定用法，如：than, as… as, one of the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数
连词：结合句意，判断词与词，句子与句子之间的逻辑关系
代词：考查人称代词、不定代词等的运用
介词：考查常见用法及固定搭配
冠词：考查被修饰的名词是否特指、是否可数、是否以元音音素开头及是否是固定搭配
宾语从句：考查连接词、语序与时态
同根词：主要涉及动词、名词、形容词、副词等的辨析，要分析设空处在句子中所作成分
3.细心检查，避免疏漏
选项填完后，再次通读短文，从整体上检查短文的结构、语义以及逻辑意义是否一致，上下文衔接是否合理。
（2022广东）Wang Yiyi is an excellent Beijing Opera（京剧） artist.She was born and raised __31__ a village in Hebei province.She loved singing and dancing __32__ she was a little girl.
（ ）31.A.in B.for C.with
（ ）32.A.if B.when C.because
真题剖析
A
B
31.A　考查介词。句意：她在河北省的一个村庄出生和长大。in a village“在一个村庄里”，故选A。
32.B　考查连词。根据“她小时候喜欢唱歌跳舞”，可知是when引导的时间状语从句，故选B。
She was her music __33__ favorite student.One day, the teacher told her __34__ a test.If she passed the test, she could enter a Beijing Opera school.
（ ）33.A.teacher B.teachers C.teacher's
（ ）34.A.take B.to take C.taking
C
33.C　考查名词所有格。空格处修饰“favorite student（最喜欢的学生）”，因此要用名词所有格，故选C。
B
34.B　考查非谓语动词。tell sb.to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，故选B。
Wang Yiyi passed the test __35__ and became a student of that school.She worked very __36___ in her school.Students in the school __37__ to get up at 6：45 a.m.to practice their basic skills.
（ ）35.A.success B.successful C.successfully
（ ）36.A.hard B.harder C.the hardest
（ ）37.A.ask B.asked C.were asked
C
A
C
35.C　考查同根词辨析。空格处修饰动词“passed（通过）”，因此要用副词，故选C。
36.A　考查副词的比较等级。work very hard“学习非常努力”，very修饰副词的原级，故选A。
37.C　考查被动语态。根据“学校要求学生早上6：45起床练习基本技能”，可知主语是动作的承受者，要用被动语态，故选C。
But she got up at 6：00 in the morning.And she was always the last one to go to bed.Sometimes when she was so tired that she felt like crying, she would find __38__ quiet place and cry aloud.She __39__ herself that she still had a long way to go and that she should keep practicing.
（ ）38.A.a B.an C.the
A
38.A　考查冠词。a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前表示泛指；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前表示泛指；the表示特指。根据“有时当她累得想哭的时候，她会找个安静的地方大声哭”可知表泛指，quiet是辅音音素开头的单词，故选A。
But she got up at 6：00 in the morning.And she was always the last one to go to bed.Sometimes when she was so tired that she felt like crying, she would find __38__ quiet place and cry aloud.She __39__ herself that she still had a long way to go and that she should keep practicing.
（ ）39.A.tell B.tells C.told
C
39.C　考查时态。根据“she still had a long way to go and that she should keep practicing（她还有很长的路要走，她应该继续练习）”，可知时态是一般过去时，故选C。
Years went by.Finally, __40__ hard work paid off.She got into a success and began her life as a Beijing Opera actress.
（ ）40.A.she B.her C.hers
B
40.B　考查代词。根据“hard work”可知，前面空格处要用形容词性物主代词，故选B。
【短文大意】本文主要介绍了京剧演员Wang Yiyi勤奋努力，最终成为一名优秀的京剧艺术家的故事。
训练一（2022朝阳改编）
强化训练
There was a stone lying in the mountains for a long time.His dream was to fly up into the sky __1__ a bird.When he told it to his friends, they all laughed at him.
（ ）1.A.like B.with C.for
A
1．be like…像……一样。
“Look! Your heart is __2__ than the sky！”
However, these words didn't make __3__ difference to the stone.Instead, he just said nothing, looked up into the sky full of hope in his eyes and waited for the chance.
（ ）2.A.high B.higher C.highest
（ ）3.A.a B.an C.the
B
2．根据空后的than可知应使用比较级。
A
3．make a difference有影响。
One day, a great man named Zhuangzi __4__ by.The stone talked about his dream to him and asked Zhuangzi to help him.
Zhuangzi said, “I can help you and your dream __5__， but you must first grow into a mountain.”
（ ）4.A.passes B.has passed C.passed
（ ）5.A.was achieved B.achieved C.will be achieved
C
5．dream和achieve是被动关系，且梦想还没有实现，因此应用一般将来时的被动语态。
C
From then on, the stone tried his best __6__ himself strong.After so many __7__ and storms, the stone grew into a large mountain.So Zhuangzi sent some huge birds to hit the mountain with __8__wings.After shaking strongly, the mountain broke apart and countless stones flew up into the sky.At the moment of flight, the stone was so __9__ that he couldn't help shouting, “I am flying in the sky now！” He finally experienced the joy of flying.
（ ）6.A.make B.making C.to make
（ ）7.A.year B.years C.year's
（ ）8.A.theirs B.them C.their
（ ）9.A.excite B.exciting C.excited
C
9．这里指这块石头很兴奋，因此应用excited。
B
C
C
__10__ soon he fell off from the sky and turned back into what he was like before.Zhuangzi asked, “Do you regret？”
“No, I don't.I am very lucky.I have ever grown into a mountain and flown！” the stone answered.
（ ）10.A.But B.So C.Or
A
短文大意：本文主要讲述了一块石头实现飞上天空的梦想的故事。
训练二
Tai chi is a kind of martial art（武术）.It __1__ practiced in China for centuries.It mixes slow movements and deep breathing together.
（ ）1.A.was B.will be C.has been
C
“Tai chi is not just __2__ kind of martial art.It plays an __3__ role in many areas of Chinese culture, such as medicine and films，” said Zhu Xianghua, the son of the famous tai chi master Zhu Tiancai.
（ ）2.A.a B.an C.the
（ ）3.A.importance B.important C.importantly
2．a kind of一种。
A
B
3．play an important role扮演重要角色；起重要作用。
__4__ it's popular, the idea that tai chi is for the elderly has stopped many young people practicing the ancient martial art.They think of it as slow exercise, which is __5__ suitable for their grandparents than themselves.“For __6__， tai chi is something old people do in parks，” said Yin Haolong, a 29－year－old designer from Beijing.
（ ）4.A.If B.Unless C.Although
（ ）5.A.well B.better C.best
（ ）6.A.I B.my C.me
C
B
C
__7__ fact, Tai chi is a great way to keep healthy.Researchers from America found that it can help manage several __8__.At the same time, more efforts are being made to get young people to practice it.Xi'an Jiaotong University in Shaanxi Province requires students __9__ tai chi.Wang Yunbing, a professor in the university's sports center, said that tai chi is not only good physical exercise, but is also connected to ancient Chinese culture.
（ ）7.A.In B.On C.At
（ ）8.A.diseases' B.diseases C.disease's
（ ）9.A.learned B.learning C.to learn
9．require sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事。
A
B
C
Luckily, for fans of tai chi, the huge wait to see it get popular worldwide was over.In 2020, it ___10___ in the UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage（非物质文化遗产名录）.
（ ）10.A.was included B.is included C.included
A
10．主语指代太极，和include是被动关系，又根据时间状语in 2020可知，应使用一般过去时的被动语态。
短文大意：本文主要介绍了太极不仅是一种武术，也在中国的文化中扮演重要角色。
训练三（2022佛山二模）
One day, David and Sharon decided to go for a walk in the snow.
“Oh David, look at that wonderful view of our garden! We're so lucky to live in such __1__beautiful place, aren't we？” shouted Sharon.
“Yes, I think so, but it could be even __2__，” answered David.“What do you mean？” asked Sharon.
（ ）1.A.a B.an C.the
（ ）2.A.good B.better C.best
A
B
“Well, look at those little birds.I'm not so sure __3__ or not they like the trees in snow.The poor little things can't find anything to eat.We __4__ the view now, but the birds are so cold and hungry！” said David.
（ ）3.A.why B.how C.whether
（ ）4.A.are enjoying B.have enjoyed C.will enjoy
C
3．whether or not是否。
A
“I understand! You're right, David.We should do something __5__ those hungry birds，” said Sharon.After a while, David said, “Why don't we make some delicious bird food and put it outside __6__ the birds can enjoy it？”
（ ）5.A.help B.to help C.helping
（ ）6.A.even if B.though C.so that
B
6．空格后为结果，引导结果状语从句应使用so that。
C
Both of them got busy in the kitchen making food __7__ the birds.The food was enough for the birds when the ground __8__ in snow and they couldn't find any food.
（ ）7.A.for B.with C.on
（ ）8.A.is covered B.covered C.was covered
A
C
8．be covered in snow被雪覆盖，又根据前半句的时态可知，应使用一般过去时，故选C。
Sure enough, the birds came, flying to the __9__ home－made house, which they hung from the trees in David's garden.__10__ warm winter for the birds! All winter long, the birds were well－fed and everyone was happy.
（ ）9.A.child B.children's C.child's
（ ）10.A.What B.What a C.How
B
B
10．对可数名词winter进行感叹应使用what a。
短文大意：本文主要讲了David和Sharon在冬天为鸟儿制作食物的故事。
训练四（2022中山二模）
“Shared－grandmas” is a team of retired（退休的） women in the southwest of China.They help the working parents pick up the __1__ from school and help the kids with their homework.These working parents have no relatives or friends __2__ them, so they felt really thankful for what “shared－grandmas” did.
（ ）1.A.children B.children's C.child
（ ）2.A.to helping B.helped C.to help
A
2．此处用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“帮助他们的亲朋好友”。
C
Deng, 66, is a member of the team who takes part in __3__ program.Every workday, she picks up the children from school, and stays with them when they do their homework and play in the community room __4__ their parents pick them up.“I thought I had nothing to do __5__ the volunteer job because of my age.
（ ）3.A./ B.a C.the
（ ）4.A.while B.if C.until
（ ）5.A.for B.with C.about
C
4．根据常识可知，孩子们应该是在那里待到父母去接他们，应用until。
C
B
However, __6__ difference the job makes to my life! Now I feel young with the kids and my life is much __7__，” she says.She thinks the activity is great and worth developing in other places in the country.
（ ）6.A.what B.how C.what a
（ ）7.A.meaningful B.more meaningful
C.most meaningful
6．本句中difference是可数名词，对其进行感叹用what a。
C
B
“The retired women __8__ in the community to take part in this public service.The interactions（互动） between the families in need and ‘shared－grandmas' are both helpful.The feeling of happiness means a lot to __9__，” Peng Mei, from the Shipingcun community, says.
（ ）8.A.are encouraged B.were encouraged C.encouraged
（ ）9.A.themselves B.them C.theirs
A
B
The “shared－grandmas” program began in Chengdu in 2019.Since then, it __10__ a new style of public happiness — taking care of the young and cheering the old up.
（ ）10.A.created B.creates C.has created
C
10．根据since可知，应使用现在完成时。
短文大意：本文主要介绍了“共享奶奶”的项目不仅解决了孩子放学后无人看管的问题，也使退休后的奶奶们感到生活更有意义。
训练五（2022遂宁改编）
April 22nd is World Earth Day.On that day, our family held an activity called “a bottle of trash challenge”.That means the trash needs to be put in __1__ 600 mL bottle.We decided to challenge ourselves and produce as little trash as possible.
（ ）1.A.a B.an C.the
A
My father __2__ online all day, so he didn't produce any paper waste except paper napkins（餐巾纸）.He made __3__ trash in our family.
（ ）2.A.works B.will work C.worked
（ ）3.A.little B.the least C.less
C
3．根据空后的in our family可知是在我们家制造的垃圾最少。故选B。
B
My mother cooked so she produced plenty __4__ kitchen waste.What's worse, we couldn't eat up all the food of the dinner that day.So leftovers（吃剩的食物） couldn't be avoided.It was not easy for my mom __5__ with all the trash, but she found a way to put it all into the bottle.__6__ amazing!
（ ）4.A.at B.of C.with
（ ）5.A.deal B.dealing C.to deal
（ ）6.A.What B.How C.What an
4．plenty of许多。
B
5．It's (not) easy for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事很(不)容易。
C
B
My sister was busy preparing for her exams.She had to use paper.Only one side of the paper __7__ by her in the past.But that day, she tried to use both sides of the paper __8__ she realized we were challenging ourselves.She did a good job!
（ ）7.A.used B.is used C.was used
（ ）8.A.because B.but C.if
C
A
I was __9__ from my sister.I love snacks and drinks.So my trash was almost from __10__.I realized that I must produce less waste.It was difficult for me not to have snacks or drinks, but I did it!
I've learnt a lot from this activity.I realize that everyone can produce less trash.We should start with small actions to protect the earth!
（ ）9.A.different B.difference C.differently
（ ）10.A.they B.their C.them
A
C
9．be different from…和……不同。
短文大意：本文主要介绍了地球日作者一家进行的一项挑战赛。
谢谢大家！