人教版初二上Unit10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!语法、知识点讲解

Unit10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!
一、语法：条件状语从句
一）从句：当句中的主语、宾语、表语、定语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )、状语、同位语等成份由一个完整的句子充当时，充当这些句子成份的句子，就叫做从句。充当主语的从句叫主语从句，充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，充当状语的从句叫定语从句，等等。初中主要学习状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句。
二）状语和状语从句
在句中修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )份叫状语，状语常由副词、动词不定式、介词短语等充当。状语可以表示动作发生的时间（时间状语）、地点（地点状语）、目的（目的状语）、原因（原因状语）、结果（结果状语）、条件（条件状语）等，当状语由一个句子/从句来充当时，这个充当状语的从句叫状语从句。如：
①He runs fast. (fast 副词，修饰动词runs，做状语)
②He is very happy. (very副词，修饰形容词happy，表示幸福的程度，做状语)
③He speaks too fast. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(fast 副词，修饰动词speaks，too副词，修饰副词fast，表示快的程度，too fast太快，一起修饰动词speaks，做状语)
④Luckily, he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )didn’t hurt badly. （Luckily,副词，修饰整个句子，做状语；badly副词，严重，修饰动词hurt，表示伤的程度，做状语。）
⑤He went to the par ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k to relax.他去公园放松。（不定式to relax表示动词短语went to the park的目的，做目的状语）
⑥He is glad to see you . 见到你他很高兴。（不定式to see you表示glad的原因，做原因状语）
⑦He gets up at 5: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )30 every day. 他天天早起。（at 5:30短语表示起床的时间，做时间状语; every day表示早起的频度，也是状语）
⑧He studies at ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me on weekends. 他周末在家学习。（at home是学习的地点，做地点状语，on weekends是学习的时间，做时间状语）
⑨He is too young to go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to school . 他太小，不能去上学。（不定式to go to school是年龄太小的结果，做结果状语）
⑩I didn’t do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my homework yesterday because I didn’t have a pen.我昨天没做作业，因为我没有笔。（because I didn’t have a pen.是没做作业的原因，是原因状语从句。）
⑾The desk is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) so heavy that I can’t carry it . 这课桌这么重，所以我搬不动。(that I can’t carry it是课桌重的结果，是结果状语从句)
⑿When I got home, m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y mother was cooking. 当我到家时，我妈正在做饭。(When I got home,表示cook的时间，是时间状语从句)
⒀If it doesn’t rain ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tomorrow, I will go to Beijing.如果明天不下雨，我就去北京。(If it doesn’t rain tomorrow,是go to Beijing的条件，是条件状语从句。)
三）条件状语从句
1、条件状语从句的概念
条件状语从句，即在某种条件下，一件 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )事情可能发生。在英语中由连接词if或unless等引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中），一件事情（主句）才能发生，通常译作“假如，只要，如果”等意思。
条件状语从句分为真实条件从句和非真实条件状语从句，非真实条件句是虚拟语气 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t "_blank )的一种，表示与事实相反，是一种虚拟的条件或假设，如：
If I were you, I would go with him.从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t "_blank )。
If I were you,I would invite him to the party.如果我是你 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t "_blank )，我会邀请他参加聚会。
非真实条件状语从句初三学习，本单元我们学习真实条件句。
2、条件状语从句的引导词 条件状语从句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )常有if( 如果), unless(除非，如果不 ), as long as(只要 ), in case( 如果 )等引导。
3、条件状语从句的位置 可以放在句首，用逗号与主句隔开；也可以放在句末，与主句之间则不用逗号隔开。如：
①If it rains tomor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )row, I will stay at home.如果明天下雨，我就呆在家。(条件状语从句If it rains tomorrow放在句首，用逗号与主句隔开)
②Unless you study h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ard, you will fail in the exam.除非你努力学习，否则你考不及格。(条件状语从句Unless you study hard放在句首，用逗号与主句隔开)
③You can make p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rogress as long as you study hard. 只要你努力，你就能进步。(条件状语从句as long as you study hard放在句末，与主句之间不用逗号隔开)
4、条件状语从句的时态
和时间状语从句一样，主句用一般将来时（ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用will, 不用be going to）、祈使句、或情态动词在一般现在时，从句用一般现在时；出现最多的是主将从现，主将从现是条件句的经典结构；如：
①I'll tell her the go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )od news when she comes back. 当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。(主句I'll tell her the good news用一般将来时，时间状语从句when she comes back用一般现在时)
　 ②She will give you a call as soon as she returns.她一回来就会给你电话。(主句She will give you a call用一般将来时，时间状语从句as soon as she returns用一般现在时)
③If it rains t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omorrow, I won’t go to Beijing. 如果明天下雨，我就不去北京了。(条件状语从句If it rains tomorrow用的一般现在时rains，主句I won’t go to Beijing.用的一般将来时won’t go)
④If I’m free to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )morrow, I can help you do the housework. 如果明天我有空的话，我可以帮你做家务。(条件状语从句If I’m free tomorrow用的一般现在时am, 主句用了情态动词的一般现在时can help)
⑤You can call the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oliceman if you are in the trouble. (条件状语从句if you are in the trouble用的一般现在时are, 主句用了情态动词的一般现在时can call)
⑥If you see him tomorrow, give him this book . 如果你明天去看他，给他这本书。(条件状语从句If you see him tomorrow用的一般现在时see, 主句用了祈使句give him this book)
⑦If you want to have a chat ,call me up. 如果你想聊天，打我电话。(条件状语从句If you want to have a chat用的一般现在时want, 主句用了祈使句call me up.)
5、if( 如果)条件状语从句
if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如:
①If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙, 他会帮你的。
②If he comes, he will take us to the zoo. 如果他来，他将带我们去动物园。
③Please call me if h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e comes next Sunday.如果下星期天他来的话，请给我打电话。
④ If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will hold / have the sports meeting. 如果明天不下雨的话，我们就举行运动会。
⑤I will come to see you if I have time. 我有时间，我就来看你。
⑥If the rain stops, I shall go out for a walk.如果雨停了 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t "_blank )，我就出去散步。
注意：
1）条件状语从句中的省略，如：
①Come tomorrow if possible. 可能的话，明天来。
②I will buy a DVD set if necessary.
2）宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。宾语从句中的if“是否”相当于 whether，引导宾语从句，时态需根据语境确定。如果主句用一般现在时，从句可以根据具体情况选用时态，如果主句用一般过去时，从句必须用过去式的某种形式。
　 ①I don`t know if/whether it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。（主句I don`t know用了一般现在时，宾主从句if /whether it will rain tomorrow根据需要用了一般将来时）
②He asked if/whether it would rain tomorrow. 他问明天是否会下雨。（主句He asked用了一般过去时，宾主从句if/whether it would rain tomorrow受主句时态限制，用过去将来时代替了一般将来时）
6、unless 引导的条件句，表示强烈的否定，相当于if not…,翻译为 “除非, 若不, 除非在…的时候” ,如：
①I shan’t go unles ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s he asks me . 他不来请我，我就不去。=If you don’t ask me, I shan’t go .
②You will fail unless you work harder . 你不努力就会失败的。=If you don’t work harder, you will fail.
③Don’t come unless I call you . 我不叫你就别来 。= If I don’t call you, don’t come.
④You can't learn English well unless you work hard.除非你努力学习，否则你学不好英语。
注意：unless 从句里的谓语只能是肯定式 ，因为本身unless表示否定。
“如果你不努力，你就会失败。”的英文：
Unless you do not work ,you will fail . （×）
Unless you work har ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d ,you will fail .（√）
If you don’t work hard ,you will fail . （√）
7. as long as conj.只要 也可以引导条件状语从句，如：
①You may borrow my b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ook as long as you keep it clean. 只要你保持书的清洁，你就可以把我的书借去。
② As long as it doesn't rain, we can play.只要不下雨，我们就可以踢。
③As long as you p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )romise to come, I’ll wait for you until you come. 只要你答应, 我就等你来。
8、In case如果，假使；也是常 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )见的条件状语从句的引导词，如：
①In case it rains, do not expect me. 如若下雨, 就不要等我了。
②In case he comes, let me know.如果他来的话, 告诉我一声。
③The meeting will be put off in case it (should) rain.若遇下雨, 会议延期举行。
④In case I forget, please remind me about it. 我要忘了就请提醒我一下。
⑤In case you give me leave, I will start at once. 如果你许可, 我立即就动身.
另外，In case还表示“免得、以防”，引导目的状语从句，如：
①Be quiet in case you wake the baby.轻点儿, 别吵醒婴儿。
②Keep the window closed in case it rains.把窗户关好, 以防下雨。
③Take warm clothes in case the weather is cold.穿上暖和的衣服, 以防天冷。
④Take your umbrella in case it rains.带着你的伞吧，以防下雨。
其他的连词引导的条件状语从句:
1. on condition (th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at)...在……条件下, 如果; on condition (that)...引导的条件从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。
I can tell ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret. 我可以告诉你真相, 条件是你答应保守秘密。
You can g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o swimming on condition (that) you don’t go too far from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。
2. supposing conj. 如果, 假如 supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件，如：
Supposing it rains, s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hall we continue the sports meeting 倘若下雨, 我们的运动会还要继续举行吗
Supposing something sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould go wrong, what would you do then 假如出了什么问题, 你准备怎么对付
3. provided conj.假如,除非,以……为条件； provided (that) +从句表示一种假设条件。
He will sign the c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ontract provided we offer more favorable terms. 如果我们提出更优惠的条件, 他就会在合同上签字。
He won’t be ag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ainst us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance. 如果我们提前征求一下他的意见, 他就不会在会上反对我们。
四）状语从句练习题
A. 选择最佳答案
( ) 1.Tom will call me as soon as he ___ shanghai.
A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to
【分析：答案A。谈论将来时，主将从现。】
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )( ) 2. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he ___ Beijing.
A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves
【分析：答案D。谈论将来时，主将从现。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )】
( ) 3. I will tell him the news as soon as he___ back.
A. come B. comes C. will come D. came
【分析：答案B。谈论将来时，主将从 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )现。】
( ) 4. I won't go to see the film tonight, because I ___ my ticket.
A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didn't lose
【分析：答案B。根据句意“因为票 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )丢了，所以我不去看电影了。”和主句时态得知，票现在已经丢了，所以用现在完成时】
( ) 5. Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday ___ she was ill.
A. because B. but C. until D. if
【分析：答案A。根据上下文可判断，昨天 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )贝蒂没去看电影的原因是她病了，句中缺少表示原因的引导词，所以，引导词应用because】
( )6. ___ you work hard, you will certainly succeed.
A. Though B. If C. Because D. For
【分析：答案B。根据上下文可判断， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )努力学习是成功的条件，缺少的部分是引导条件句的如果，所以应用If】
( ) 7. I'd like to go swimming _____ the water is not too cold.
A. for B. unless C. if D. weather
【分析：答案C。根据上下文可判断， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“the water is not too cold水不太凉”是“I'd like to go swimming我想去游泳”的条件，缺少的部分是引导条件句的如果，所以应用If】
( ) 8. I want to know ___ she is going to see a film.
A. if B. that C. what D. which
【分析：答案A。根据句意“我想知道她是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )否打算去看电影.”可判断，缺少的部分是引导宾语从句、表达“是否”这个意思的引导词，所以应用If】
( ) 9. You are sure to pass the exam ___ you study hard.
A. if B. though C. that D. since
【分析：答案A。根据上下 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文可判断， “you study hard你努力学习”是“You are sure to pass the exam.你一定能通过考试”的条件，缺少的部分是引导条件句的如果，所以应用If】
( ) 10. ___ you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.
A. if B. until C. unless D. except
【分析：答案C。根据句意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) “如果你不更加努力学习，你将永远也不能通过期末考试。 ”可知，缺少的部分是引导条件句的如果不，所以应用unless】
( ) 11. I'll g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o to see the film with you ___ I have time this evening.
A. weather B. so C. if D. when
【分析：答案C。根据上下文可判断 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )， “I have time this evening我今晚有时间”是“I'll go to see the film with you.我将和你一起去看电影”的条件，缺少的部分是引导条件句的如果，所以应用If】
( ) 12. Please answer the question in a loud enough voice ___ all the class may hear.
A. so that B. or C. in order to D. and
【分析：答案A. 根据句意可知，“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )answer the question in a loud enough voice大声回答问题”是为了让“all the class may hear全班同学都能听见”，句中缺少表达目的的引导词，所以排除答案B和D；并且，in order to后面要跟动词不定式表达目的，所以，C答案也不适合，故用so that】
( ) 13. We should go by bus ___ we can get there earlier.
A. as soon as B. where C. in order that D. as
【分析：答案A. 根据句意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可知，“We should go by bus我们早赶车”是为了 “we can get there earlier我们能够更早一点到达”，句中缺少表达目的的引导词；as soon as 表示“一…就…”，where表示“在哪里”， as 是“由于，当…时”，与句意不符，应舍去；in order that为了，可以引导目的状语从句，所以，用so that】
( )14. If you _____ to the party, you’ll have a great time.
A. will go B. went C. go D. going
【分析：答案C.根据主将从现原则】
（ ）15． I ____ her the answer if she ____me.
A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask
C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks
【分析：答案D.根据主将从现原则】
（ ）16. – What are you going to do tomorrow
--We’ll go to the library tomorrow if it ___.
A. isn’t rain B. rain C. won’t rain D. doesn’t rain
【分析：答案D. 根据主将从现原则】
（ ）17.—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow
--Sorry, I don’t know. When he ____ back, I’ll tell you.
A. comes B. will come C. come D. may come
【分析：答案A. 根据主将从现原则】
（ ）18. What will you do if you _____ to the old folk’s home visit
A. go B. went C. going D. will go
【分析：答案A. 根据主将从现原则】
（ ）19. I’ll wake you up when he ____back.
A. will B. is going to come C. comes D. com
【分析：答案C. 根据主将从现原则】
B. 改错
1. he won't go out until his mother will come.
【分析：答案He won’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )go out until his mother comes. 本句是not…until…结构，until his mother will come 是until引导的时间状语从句，根据主将从现的经典结构，until引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时态，即：until his mother comes.】
C、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Unless there___(be) many trees, there ____( be) more pollution.
【分析：答案是are, will be. 根据主将从现原则。】
2. He__(dress) more casually unless he ___ work) on weekends.
【分析：答案是dresses, works. 本句是含条件状语从句的复合句，因为描述的是现在经常发生的事情，主从句都可以用一般现在时。】
3. If Marcia _____(live) alone, she________( keep) a pet parrot.
【分析：答案是lives, will keep. 根据主将从现原则。】
4. Lana ___( buy) a ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w dress as soon as the old one ______(be) out of style.
【分析：答案是will buy, is 根据主将从现原则。】
5. I ___(have) a bake sale if I ______(need) money for education.
【分析：答案是will have, need 根据主将从现原则。】
6. As long as Mr G ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reen___(say) I am hard- working, my parents ____( feel) glad.
【分析：答案是says, will feel根据主将从现原则。】
7. I ___(go) to the beach if it______ ( not rain) this week.
【分析：答案是will go, doesn’t rain; 根据主将从现原则。】
8. ___they ____( have) a match if the P.E. teacher ___(be) busy
【分析：答案是Will …have, is; 根据主将从现原则。】
9. He __(wri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te) a letter to his grandparents as long as he __(be ) free of task..
【分析：答案是Will write , is ; 根据主将从现原则。】
10. Unless s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he_____(get) up late, she ______ (not, catch) the early bus.
【分析：答案是gets, won’t catch ; 根据主将从现原则。】
D. 根据汉语，完成英语。
1. 如果努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。
If you_____ ______, you _______ good _________.
【分析：答案是study hard, will get… grades ; 根据主将从现原则。】
2. 他如果不看电视了，他的父母会很高兴。
Unless he ___ TV too much, his parents _____ ______ very happy.
【分析：答案是watches, wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll be ; 根据主将从现原则。注意：Unless如果不，本身是否定意义，Unless从句不能再做成否定结构】
3. 如果我们为他组织生日聚会，大家都会来的。
Everyone ______ if we _______ a birthday party ______ him.
【分析：答案是will come, have… for ; 根据主将从现原则。】
4. 除非明天下雨，否则我将和你一起去公园的。
Unless it _____ ____ tomorrow, I_____ go to the park _____ you.
【分析：答案是doesn’t rain, will…with ; 根据主将从现原则。】
5. 只要他有空，他会帮助你的。
As long as he _____ ______, he _____ _______ you.
【分析：答案是is free/ available, will help ; 根据主将从现原则。】
6. 如果Tom考试不及格，他就没有机会上高中了。
Tom ____have the __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )____to go to the high school if he _____ the exams.
【分析：答案是won’t… chance… fails ; 根据主将从现原则。】
7. 你如果抄同学的作业就不能学好各门功课。
You___ ___ good at e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very subject if you ___ the other students’ homework.
【分析：答案是won’t be… copy ; 根据主将从现原则。】
二、单元短语归纳
1、stay at home待在家里 2、 take the bus乘公共汽车
2、have a class party进行班级聚会 4、make some food做些食物
5、have a class meeting开班会 6、order food订购食物
7、make mistakes犯错误 8、have a great/good 玩得开心
9、give sb. some advice给某人提一些建议
give sb. sth.给某人某物
10、make（a lot of）money赚（许多）钱
11、travel around the world环游世界
12、get an education得到教育
13、go to the party去参加聚会 14、go to college上大学
15、keep…to oneself保守秘密 16、work hard努力工作
17、talk with sb.与某人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )交谈 18、run away逃避；逃跑19、be angry at/about sth.因某事生气
20、be angry with sb.生某人的气 21、solve a problem解决问题
22、ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
23、tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事
24、advise sb. to do sth.劝告某人做某事
25、be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事
26、 It’s best (not) to do sth.最好（不）做某事
27、need to do sth.需要做某事
28、too…to do sth.太……而不能做某事
29、tomorrow night明天晚上 30、half the class一半的同学
31、 at the party在聚会上 32、 in the end最后
33、 potato chips炸土豆片，炸薯条
34、 a soccer player一名足球运动员
35、 in life 在生活中 36、in the future在将来
37、the first step第一步 38、 in half分成两半
38、school clean-up学校大扫除
三、语言点解析
1、If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!如果你去参加聚会，你会很愉快的。
have a great time=have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a good time = have fun = enjoy oneself 过的愉快，后面遇到动词，要用动名词形式，如：
①We can just hang out and have a good time. 我们可以只是闲逛一下，开开心。
②We had a very good time at the evening party. 我们在晚会上玩得很愉快。
③Have a good time with the artists, Tim. 祝你和艺术家们玩个痛快, 吉姆.
④I'm sure we'll have a good time. 我相信我们会很开心的.
⑤I believe I will have a good time working with them. 我相信我们会合作愉快的.
⑥We have a lot of fun in the park. 我们在公园里玩得很快活
⑦I had great fun playing cards with them.我和他们玩纸牌玩得非常高兴。
⑧I hope you'll enjoy yourselves.我希望你们能玩得高兴。
⑨He always enjoys himself making fun of others. 他总是喜欢以开别人的玩笑来取乐。
⑩Einstein enjoy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed himself playing his violin in his simple home. 爱因斯坦在他那简朴的家里拉小提琴消遣。
2、--I think I’ll wear jeans to the party. 我想穿牛仔裤去聚会。
--If you do, the teachers won’t let you in. 如果你那样做的话，老师们不会让你进去的。
1）If you do中的do代替上文中的动词短语wear jeans to the party，这种用法经常见到，再如：
①I knew he would ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )help us, and he did.我知道他会帮助我们的, 他确实这样做了。(and he did=and he helped us)
②He got there ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )earlier than we did. 他到得比我们早。(than we did =than we got there)
③“Does he know I'm her ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e ”“Yes, he does.”“他知道我在这儿吗 ”“是的，他知道。”(Yes, he does=Yes, he knows you are here.)
④“Does he come every ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )day ”“He does (so).”“他每天都来吗 ”“他每天都来。”(=He comes every day.)
⑤--Who cleaned the classroom yesterday – Tom did.
--谁昨天打扫的教室？--汤姆打扫的。（Tom did.= Tom cleaned the classroom yesterday. ）
2）in 副词，进来，在家，out, 也是副词，意思是不在，出去了。如：
--Is Tom in –No, he is out. --汤姆在家吗？--没有，他出去了。
3、No, let’s order food from a restaurant. 不，我们从饭店订菜吧。
1) order 动词，点菜，定制； ord ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er from 从…订货，order sb.sth.=order sth. for sb.为某人购买某物，如：
①You can order tickets by telephone. 你可以电话订票。
②The waitress a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ppeared. "Are you ready to order " 女侍者走上前来，“您准备好点餐了吗？”
③My mother has ordered me a new suit.我妈为我买了新套装。
④I've ordered an air ticket for you. 我已为你预订了一张机票。
⑤We ordered 100 desks ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and chairs from the supermarket. 我们学校从超市订购了100套课桌椅。
2）order 动词，命令，order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事，如：
①The teacher ordered silence. 教师命令保持安静。
②He ordered them to start the work at once.他命令他们立即开始工作。
③The police ordered them to wait right there. 警察命令他们呆在那儿等待。
order作名词或动词指“命令”时，语气较重，不能用在家人间。
He ordered hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s son to buy a newspaper for him.（×）
3）order，不可数名词,次序, 顺序,治安,秩序 ,常用短语：in order可作“有条有理”“整齐”“情况正常”解,在句中作表语或补语。out of order的意思是“(机器)坏了”“(身体)有病了”“不妥当”“违反会议规程”等。
①Some teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s find it difficult to keep order in class. 有些老师觉得维持课堂秩序不容易。
②His desk is always in order.他的书桌上总是整整齐齐的。
③It was her job to keep the room in order. 保持房间整洁是她的工作。
④Everything is in order.一切正常有序。
⑤The computer is in order.这台电脑工作正常。
⑥Their phone's out of order. 他们的电话坏了。
⑦The machine was out of order. 机器出了毛病.
4）order，名词，作“订购,订货”“命令,嘱咐”“汇票,汇单”解时,是可数名词。如：
①They received orders to start at once. 他们收到了马上出发的命令。
②He gave orders for the work to be started at once. 他下令立即开始那一工作。
③He refused to tak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e orders from such a foolish fellow. 他拒绝接受这样愚蠢家伙的命令。
5）in order to为了，比单用t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o更加正式且语气重，口语中很少用in order to。正式程度从大到小：in order to，so as to，to。如：
①He walked about in order to keep warm. 他来回走动使身体暖和.
②She hung up her wet clothes in order to dry them out她把她的湿衣服挂起来,以便晾干
③She'll need an iron will in order to succeed. 她若想成功,需要有很强的意志力.
6）in order that 为了，引导目的状语从句，如：
In order that eve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry student might understand it, the teacher explained that passage again and again. 为了使每个学生都明白,老师反复讲解那一段。
4. Can you give me some advice please 请你给我一些建议，好吗？
1）advice 不可数名词，建议，a word / piece of advice一条建议.
①I came to you for advice. 我是来向你请教的。
②He is deaf to all advice. 他听不进一点儿意见
③Advice is seldom welcome. 忠言逆耳
2) give advice提出建议
①He gave me a friendly word of advice. 他给我提了一条友好的建议。
②He often gives others good pieces of advice.他时常给他人提出好的建议。
③Let me give you a piece of advice. 让我给你提一点建议。
3) follow /receive advice听从劝告;take the advice 听从劝告
①He takes our advice quite cheerfully. 他欣然接受我们的劝告。
②He followed his friend's advice. 他照朋友的忠告办。
③We took his advice to remain silent. 我们接受了他的忠告,保持沉默。
4) ask sb. for advice 请教某人
①Let’s ask the teacher for advice. 我们去请教老师吧。
5) Get advice 得到指点
①It might be help ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ful if you got advice from a close friend. 如果你听取一个好朋友的意见，那会很有帮助的。
6）take advice ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )from sb/sth 的意思是“听听某人的意见”; take advice from sb/sth 常用于祈使句；take the advice from sb/sth 的意思是“听从某人的意见”， 常用于陈述句。如：
①Let's take advice from the masses. 就让我们听听群众的意见吧。
②We must take the advice from the masses. 我们一定要听取群众的意见。
2）advise，动词，建议，常 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用advise sb. to do sth. 表示建议某人做某事，advise doing sth. 表示建议做某事，如：
①She advised holding a class meeting. 她提议召开一次班会。
②What would you advise me to do 你想要我做些什么
③I strongly advised you not to do so. 我竭力主张你不要这样做。
④I advised him to be careful. 我劝他要当心。
5. If people have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )problems, they should keep them to themselves. 如果人们有问题，他们应该把烦恼留给自己。
1) have problems 在某方面有问题，如：
①I'll help you as soon as you have problem. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )只要你有困难我就会帮助你。
②I have problems with my lower back. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )我的后腰有问题。
③We have problems with the old ways of working. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )我们原有的学习方式存在着问题。
④But, we still have problems in the computer. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )但电脑仍然有些问题。
⑤The company have problem in serving. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )该公司在服务方面有问题。
⑥Do you have problems keeping secrets ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )在保密方面有困难吗？
⑦Sometimes they ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve problems with their schoolwork, and sometimes with their friends. 有时他们学业有问题，有时他们与朋友相处有问题。
2）keep them to themselves把问题或烦恼埋在心底，them指代problem；keep保留，保存，如：
You can keep the book for two weeks.你可以保存这本书两个周。
6. She just kept ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thinking, “If I tell my parents,..”她一直在想，如果我告诉我父母的话，...
1）keep保留，保存，保持，如：
①Will you keep us the seats 你给我们保留些座位,好吗
②The library will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )keep the book for you till the weekend. 图书馆将为你把这本书保留到周末。
③I think we shall keep friends. 我想我们将保持朋友关系。
④We must keep in touch with each other. 我们必须相互保持联系。
⑤My mother still keeps young. 我母亲还不见老。
⑥Why do you keep silent 你怎么不说话
⑦We sat round the fire to keep ourselves warm. 我们围坐在火边取暖。
2) keep doing sth. 一直做某事，不停地做某事，如：
①It kept raining for a week.雨一直下了一个星期。
②Just keep singing, and don’t stop. 接着唱，不要停。
③The baby kept crying. 婴儿一直哭。
④She kept studying. 她一直在学习。
⑤Please keep sitting where you are. 请继续坐在原处。
⑥I like to keep going. I hate to sit still. 我喜欢一直有事情做，讨厌一动不动地坐着。
3) keep ... doing sth.
①They kept her working all day. 他们强迫她整日工作。
②The police keep the traffic moving. 警察使交通畅通无阻。
4）keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，如：
①He kept her from being lonely... 他不让她感到孤独。
②What can you do to keep it from happening again 你怎样防止它再次发生？
5）keep sb. doing sth 忍住不做某事，如：
She bit her lip to keep from crying... 她咬住嘴唇不哭。
6）keep off, keep away from/ keep out of 避免，不卷入,如：
He kept off wine for two months.他两个月来没沾酒。
7. They got her a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) new wallet and asked her to be more careful.他们给她买了一个新钱包，叫她以后小心点。
1) get sb. sth. =get sth. for sb. 给某人买某物，如：
Mother bough ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t me a bike yesterday.= Mother bought a bike for me yesterday. 妈妈昨天为我买了一辆自行车。
8. In English ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), we say sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. 在英语中，我们说分享烦恼等于把烦恼减少了一半。
1）share 分享，共用，分配，如：
①Children should learn to share.小孩应该学会与人分享东西。
②Will you share my umbrella 你愿意和我共用这把伞吗
③Now let's share the sweets. 咱们把这些糖分了吧。
④You can share 100 dollars among you five. 你们5个人分这100美元。
2）cut...in half 把....切成两半，如：
I cut the apple in half. 我把苹果切成了两半。
9、Unless we talk ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to someone, we’ll certainly feel worse.如果我们不与人说，我们感觉会更糟。
1）Unless 用法，看本单元语法部分。
10. It is best not to run away from our problems.最好不好逃避问题。
1）It’s best to do sth.最好做某事，it是形式主语，不定式to do sth.是真正的主语，如：
①It’s best to go to sleep early and get up early. 最好是早睡早起。
②It’s best not to wear jeans to the party. 最好不要穿牛仔裤去参加聚会。
2) run away from 回避，从...逃离
①He ran away from you when you needed his help most.当你最需要他的帮助时，他跑开了。
②Don't run away from me. I shan't eat you!别躲避我，我不会吃你的！
③He ran away from home at the age of thirteen.他十三岁那年就离家出走了。
11. Students ofte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n forget that their parents have more experience, and are always there to help them.学生们常常忘记他们的父母更有经验，而且随时都准备着帮助他们。
1）be always there to随时准备着做某事，如：
My best friend is always there to listen to me. 我的好朋友随时都在听我倾诉。
12. So you’re half ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )way to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it!因此，你只要与人聊聊，你的问题就解决了一半。
1）be halfway to ( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )doing sth.)表示完成或做了一部分，be halfway to中的to是介词，后面遇到动词，要用动名词形式，如：
①We have been halfway to finishing our work.我们已经完成了工作的一部分。
②He is still halfway to doing his homework.他的作业才刚完成了一半。
2) by doing sth. 通过做某事，如：
①It’s a good way to relax by swimming. 通过游泳来放松是一种好方法。
②He often solves hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s problems by asking for teachers or parents.他时常通过请教父母或老师来解决自己的问题。