【临门一脚】2023中考英语主从复合句 课件+内嵌视频

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2023中考英语主从复合句
【人教新目标版】
【结构】
【类别】
【考点】
主句+关联词+从句或关联词+从句，主句。
宾语从句
状语从句
定语从句
宾语从句
状语从句
定语从句
语序
时态
疑问词选择
从属连词的词义
句意优先原则
关系词
先行词
宾语从句三大考点
【语序】
【连接词】
【时态】
宾语从句考点记忆口诀:
宾语从句需注意，几点事项应牢记;
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异;
陈述句中用that，特殊问句疑问词;
一般疑问是否(if，whether)替;
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异;
主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意;
主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移;
从句若为真理时，永用一般现在时;
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述句
要素 用法 示例
连接词
【连接词】
that本身无词义，在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用，在口语中that可省略
if或 whether 意为“是否”，不作句子成分，不可省略，句尾有or not 时用whether
连接代词(what/who/whose/whom /which等)在从句中作一定成分，如主语、宾语、定语等
连接副词(where/when/why/how 等)在从句中作状语
He said (that) he would go to the seaside.
He hasn’t decided if he’ll go on a trip to Zhejiang.
Do you know who he is
She asked me where I bought the book.
要素 用法 示例
时态
【时态】
需要性原则
主现从需
呼应性原则
主过从过
特殊性原则
客观真理一般现
He tells me he likes English very much
He told me that he liked playing football
He said the moon goes around the earth.
The chief engineer announced that they ________ a space lab on the space station around the end of 2022.
A．have built B．had built
C．will build D．would build
思考与练习
解析：题目考查宾语从句时态对应原则，根据“主现从需，主过从过，客观一般现在”原则判断。题目中主句谓语动词announced为过去式，主句为一般过去时。
【语序】
—Could you please tell me ________
—You can park it in the parking lot, across from the street.
A.where I can park my car B.when I can park my car
C.how can I get to the parking lot D.it is the way to the parking lot
思考与练习
解析：题目考查宾语从句只能用陈述语序，故先排除C,根据答句“你可以在这条街对面的停车场停车。”
宾语从句只能用陈述语序！！
在复合句中，用来作宾语的句子是宾语从句。宾语从句的
语序、引导词以及时态是中考的重点。
(1)宾语从句的语序
宾语从句多使用陈述语序。
eg：Do you know ________ the nearest hospital ________？
你知道最近的医院在哪里吗？
(2)宾语从句的连接词
①当宾语从句部分表示陈述语气时，由连词that引导宾语从
句。that 无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
宾语从句
考点 2
where
is
eg：She said _______ she would visit her friend the next week.
她说下周她将拜访她的朋友。
②当宾语从句原来为一般疑问句时，用连词if/whether(是否)
引导。
eg：I don’t know ________ he’ll come the day after
tomorrow.
我不知道后天他是否来。
Tips：在下列情况下只能用whether。
a．or not连用时。
　eg：I don’t know _________ or not he likes reading.
我不知道他喜不喜欢读书。
that
whether
whether
b．宾语是介词引导的从句时。
eg：We’re thinking about _________ we can finish the task
on time.
我们正在考虑我们是否能按时完成这项任务。
c．宾语是不定式时。
eg：He hasn’t decided _________ to visit the Summer
Palace.
他还没有决定是否要参观颐和园。
d．为了强调，将宾语从句置于句首时。
eg: ________ we will hold the sports meeting, no one knows.
我们是否将举行运动会，没有人知道。
whether
whether
Whether
③如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，用原来的疑问词引导。
eg：I don’t know ______ bought the gift for me.
我不知道谁为我买的这个礼物。
(3)宾语从句的时态
①主句中谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中谓语动词的时
态不受限制，可根据具体情况选用适当的时态。
eg：I hear _______ Bill has been to the Great Wall.
我听说比尔去过长城。
who
that
②主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中需用过去的某种时
态，以保持时态的前后呼应。
eg：He said ________ he wanted to see her as soon as
possible. 他说他想尽快见到她。
③★当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、自然现象、名言、警
句等时，不管主句谓语动词是什么时态，宾语从句都要
用一般现在时。
eg：The teacher told us _______ the earth goes round the sun.
老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
that
that
　(4)在I/We think后面的宾语从句中，如果要表达否定的意
义，那么其否定形式前移到动词think上，这叫否定前
移。
eg: I______________ you are right.
我认为你是不正确的。
I don’t think
定语从句三大考点
【关系代词】
【关系副词】
【先行词和从句的关系】
【先行代词】
【关系词】
【从句】
人
who/that
whom
充当宾语，可省略
whose
充当定语
物
which/that
充当主语
【示例】
This is our PE teacher who takes good care of his students.
This is our PE teacher whom everybody likes.
This is our PE teacher whose father works in a factory.
I prefer the music that has great lyrics.
【从句】
充当主语
充当宾语，可省略
充当宾语，可省略
I prefer the music (that) our teacher sings in our class.
【关系代词只用that】
(1)当先行词是 all, none, little, much, some, everything, anything, nothing等不定代词或被其修饰时。
Please get everything ready that we need.
(2)当先行词前面有 the only, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时。
He is the only person that I want to see.
(3)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
(4)当先行词既有人又有物时。
They talked about the people and things that they remembered in school.
(5)当主句是以who 或which 开头的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复应用 that。
Who is the person that is standing at the gate
状语从句考点
【分类】
【时间状语】
【条件状语】
【目的状语】
【让步状语】
【原因状语】
【结果状语】
before,after,while,when,as,until,since,as soon as
if,unless,as long as(只要),once(一旦),in case(万一)
so that,in order that(以便，为了)
though/although,even though/even if, whatever,whenever,however,whereever
because,since,as
so...that...,such...that...
I don’t know if it _________ tomorrow, but if it _________, I’ll stay at home.
A.will rain; rains B.will rain; will rain C.rains; will rain D.rains; rains
解析：if在know/wonder等动词后意为是否，引导宾语从句，if为“如果”时，引导条件状语从句，其时态根据“主将从现”原则。
I don’t know when we _________ tomorrow, when I _________, I’ll tell you.
A.will leave; will know B.will leve;know C.leave; will know D.leave; know
解析：when在know/wonder等动词后意为“何时”，引导宾语从句，when为“当...时”，引导时间状语从句，其时态根据“一般现在时表将来”原则。
思考与练习
1.Our classroom won’t be clean ________ we clean it every day.
A.After B.while C.unless D.because
2.The little boy won’t go to sleep unless his mom _________ him a story.
A.tells B.told C.is telling D.will tell
3.My pen friend knows a lot about China ________ she has never been here.
A.although B.if C.because D.until
4.—Happiness is about having each tiny wish come true.
—________ we work hard, we’ll make our life full of happiness.
A.If B.Unless C.Though
5.—Daddy, can I go out to play soccer with my friends now
—Well, you can’t go ________ you finish your homework first.
A.if B.since C.unless
6.Mr. Zhao has given much money to Project Hope ________ he is not so rich.
A.if B.though C.because D.unless
7.I don’t know if it _________ tomorrow, but if it _________, I’ll stay at home.
A.will rain; rains B.will rain; will rain
C.rains; will rain D.rains; rains
8.Dad sometimes goes to the supermarket with us ________ he hates going shopping.
A.because B.so C.though D.if
9.Teenagers should do some housework ________ they finish their homework.
A.until B.but C.after D.unless
10.—I don’t know when Susan ________.
—Don’t worry. When she ________, I will tell you.
A.comes; will come B.will come; comes C.come; comes
11.Many wild animals don’t have a safe place to live, ________ villages and farms are growing bigger and taking away their land.
A.because B.until C.although D.before
12.—The big stone is ________ heavy ________ I can’t carry it alone.
—Don’t worry. I will help you.
A.such; that B.so; that C.too; to
13.It’s necessary to learn English well, ________ it’s a little difficult.
A.unless B.although C.as
14.________ the weather improves, we’ll have to cancel the outdoor picnic.
A.Unless B.If C.Because D.When
15.The Battle of Changjin Lake is ________ wonderful movie ________ I want to see it again.
A.such a: that B.so; that C.such an; that
16.Learning to write is learning to think. ________ , you won’t know things clearly.
A.if you write them down B.unless you write them down
C.if you won’t write them down
17.I won’t go to the movies this afternoon ________ I’m free.
A.or B.unless C.because D.than
18You will not get the special gift ________ you finish all the tasks.
A.after B.because C.while D.unless
19.We are making a big cake ________ it’s Dad’s birthday today.
A.because B.until C.once
20.—It is impossible to finish the difficult task in such a short time on my own ________ both of us work together.
—No problem. Let’s start!
A.if B.but C.because D.unless
21.—Time to go home, Peter. —Wait a minute. I can’t go home ________ I finish cleaning the hallway.
A.since B.after C.until
22.To avoid the virus (病毒), we should wash hands more carefully ________ we have meals.
A.so B.before C.because D.although
23.________ you can use your dictionary, you will learn English better.
A.If B.Unless C.Though D.Before
24.Yesterday, Lin Tao’s speech on how to be a good volunteer was ________ wonderful that we couldn’t stop cheering for him.
A.so B.very C.too D.quite
25.I will return it to the library _______ I finish reading Little Women.
A.no longer B.as soon as C.so that
26.Before you get off the bus, you should wait ________ it has stopped.
A.until B.but C.because D.so
27.________ astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe.
A.Though B.Till C.When D.Unless
28.I want to buy something special for my grandmother, _______ her birthday is coming.
A.because B.although C.so
29.________ Yuan Longping, the Father of Hybrid Rice, has passed away, he is forever in my mind.
A.If B.Unless C.Before D.Although
30.For your safety, you mustn’t get close to the train ________ it stops.
A.while B.when C.since D.until
状语从句从属连词
根据句意优先原则选择