人教版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration暑假作业（含答案）
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（7）Unit 4 Space Exploration——2022-2023学年高一英语人教版（2019）暑假作业
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The University of Sheffield
Back to its origin
The University of Sheffield is a research university in the city of Sheffield in South Yorkshire, England. It is one of the original "red brick" universities, which are a group of top and famous old universities. The University of Sheffield was originally formed by the combination of three colleges. The Sheffield School of Medicine was founded in 1828, followed in 1879 by the opening of Firth College by Mark Firth, a steel manufacturer (制造商), to teach arts and science subjects. Firth College then helped to provide money for the opening of the Sheffield Technical School in 1884 to teach applied science. In 1897 the three institutions were joined together to form the University College of Sheffield, which in turn became the University of Sheffield by Royal Charter (特许) in 1905. This university is famous for its good education and boasts a number of Nobel Prize winners among its former students.
More information
System: The University has five departments: Arts and Humanities; Engineering; Pure Science; Social Sciences; Medicine, Dentistry and Health. Sheffield also has many research programs in fields including aerospace, environmental science, psychology, and biology.
City show: Sheffield is a lively city in the north of England. Sheffield is known as the greenest city in Europe because of its 2 million trees. As a result, there are many parks and woods throughout the city and beyond. Sheffield is the greenest city in England with 150 woodlands and 50 public parks within the city. Once, in Sheffield, the folk hero—Robin Hood lived in Sherwood Forest with 150 of his loyal friends. And Charlotte Bronte, the English writer noted for her novel Jane Eyre was born in Sheffield.
1.Sheffield is in the _______ of England.
A. east B. west C. south D. north
2.Which statement about the University of Sheffield is not TRUE
A. It has a good fame for many great graduates.
B. It has a long history of more than 180 years.
C. It is one member of "red brick" universities.
D. It owns different departments and research programs.
3.What can we infer from the text
A. Sheffield has very beautiful scenery.
B. Charlotte Bronte is an English writer.
C. Sheffield is the biggest city of England.
D. Robin Hood is a character in Jane Eyre.
B
Haley Moss knows that for our legal system to function the way it should, it needs to look like the people it represents—including people with disabilities. "We need all types of minds to get all kinds of jobs done," she says. Moss represents that concept in more ways than one: Not only is she Florida's first openly autistic (自闭症) lawyer, but she is also a public speaker and consultant on disability at work.
Moss initially thought she would be a doctor "I thought the coolest thing would be becoming an autistic expert," she says— but soon realized she wasn't enthusiastic about the science. She decided to focus on what she enjoys: helping people, making a difference, writing, and speaking—all things lawyers do. After her undergraduate work at the University of Florida, she graduated from the University of Miami School of Law. From there, she worked mostly in antiterrorism litigation (反恐怖主义诉讼) at a firm in Florida before starting her own public speaking and consulting business.
Moss is hoping to change the fact that not many lawyers are open about their disabilities. "I remember in my first year of law school, there was a blind student in my section, but she did not return for the second semester—and I wondered why," she says. "Law school is not always as accessible as it could be for people with disabilities. However, if more people with disabilities go to law school and begin working in our communities, they'll be able to create the change we need." Moss now plays a role in inspiring others to discover the benefits of a legal education as part of LSAC's BE IndiVISIBLE campaign, which encourages all people from all walks of life to consider law school.
For any law student or lawyer with a disability, Moss recommends "showing up as your full self"—in other words, not hiding your disability or acting like someone you're not. "Don't try to be the same as your normal or nondisabled counterparts (同行)," she says. "But remember that if you do choose to divulge your disability, make it clear that it's not everything you are.
1.How does Moss differ from other lawyers
A. She only defends for the disabled.
B. She is the first openly autistic lawyer in Florida.
C. She is only a lawyer with plenty of new concepts.
D. She is devoted to changing the present legal system.
2.What can we infer about Moss from paragraph 2
A. She got a doctor degree at first.
B. She enjoyed science at university.
C. She selected the most popular major at university.
D. She got a job in the legal profession after graduation.
3.What happened to the blind student
A. She might quit school. B. She launched many campaigns.
C. She often inspired her classmates. D. She was devoted to her community.
4.What can replace the underlined word "divulge" in the last paragraph
A. Treat B. excuse C. ignore D. expose
C
Born on July 1st, 1948, in the small Italian city of Palmi, Roberto Crea was a genius kid. He moved to the Netherlands and majored in Biological Chemistry. It was this university that directed his interest in the synthesis (合成) of nucleotides, the basic units that are required to build DNA. At that time, not many researchers studied the combination of genes (基因), but Roberto's strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible.
In 1977, he joined the Genentech, Inc. and the gene synthesis team at City of Hope Medical School. The company funded Dr. Crea's ongoing research on gene synthesis. After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes. Thanks to his rich knowledge and the joint efforts of the excellent Genentech team, he made use of this discovery to produce the human insulin (胰岛素) genes, A and B. It was his invention that allowed Genentech to be labeled as the first producer of human protein. This benefited hundreds of millions of people suffering from diabetes (糖尿病) all over the world.
Today Roberto is known as the father of synthetic insulin and had almost won the Nobel Prize. His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology. His team of experts discovered Ziconotide under his teachings and guidance. According to leading scientists and researchers, this drug is more powerful and effective than morphine (吗啡), and the best part of this is that it has zero side-effects.
Dr. Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 65 years of his life. He is an inspiration for many individuals who aim to add value to humanity with the help of science.
1.What may contribute to Roberto's invention of the human insulin genes
A. His good luck in his life. B. His curiosity about his study.
C. His creative imagination. D. His knowledge of chemistry.
2.What do the underlined words "this discovery" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. A special way of producing human protein.
B. A reliable method for curing people of diabetes.
C. A new procedure for improving gene synthesis.
D. A simple technique of separating human genes.
3.What do we know about Roberto in Paragraph 3
A. He won a Nobel Prize.
B. He stuck to his scientific research.
C. He discovered morphine with his team.
D. He retired after making the great discovery.
4.Which of the following best describes Roberto
A. Enthusiastic and generous. B. Courageous and calm.
C. Ambitious and patient. D. Devoted and talented.
D
Nobody knows the value of a good doll better than Jandrisevits. "Dolls have a power we don't completely understand," she said. It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations. Many of the kids saw themselves in those dolls. But for the kids missing a limb or who had lost their hair, there were none they could relate to.
So, seven years ago, when a friend revealed that her child was stuck in self-doubt and self-distrust, Jandrisevits, now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially challenging period. "It's hard to tell a kid, 'You are perfect the way you are,' and to build self-esteem (自尊) that way, but never offer them anything that looks like them," she says.
Jandrisevits went about changing that. She crafted a doll by hand — using fabric, stitching, and markers — that resembled (像) her friend's child and sent it off. After the friend posted a photo online of the happy child and doll, another woman asked Jandrisevits to make a doll that looked like her baby, who was missing a leg.
Word spread, and soon Jandrisevits was making dolls for children with scars, birthmarks, facial deformities(畸形), — in short, a doll that looked like them. She quit her job and started a nonprofit, A Doll Like Me.
Working out of her home in Milwaukee, from photos sent by parents or caregivers, it takes Jandrisevits roughly three days to craft only one doll. A GoFundMe page helps her cover costs and allows her to donate her services. She hasn't charged for a doll since she began her nonprofit.
In all, she's made more than 400 dolls. The waiting list is long, but Jandriscvits will never give up. As she explains on her GoFundMe page, "Every kid, regardless of gender, ethnicity, age, medical issue, or body type, should look into the sweet face of a doll and see their own."
1.What made Jandrisevits realize the value of dolls
A. The influence of dolls on her. B. Her working experience.
C. The changing medical situations. D. Her relation to the unlucky kids.
2.What does the underlined word ―that refer to in paragraph 3
A. Children's concern about their looks.
B. The problems faced by the child of a friend.
C. The challenging period the youth are going through.
D. The fact that words alone fail to help build self-esteem.
3.What can be inferred about Jandrisevits' making dolls
A. It targets children with mental problems.
B. It is time-consuming but meaningful.
C. It is thought poorly of by people.
D. It brings in a good fortune.
4.Which of the following best describes Jandrisevits
A. Creative and caring. B. Ambitious and devoted.
C. Considerate and sensitive. D. Knowledgeable and generous.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Bear Grylls is known for his bravery on a number of television shows, which have taken him to the most amazing corners of the planet. We were honored to be given the chance to interview Grylls, who gave us his honest thoughts on his adventures.
●When did you first discover that you enjoyed exploring the outdoors and going on adventures
I grew up on the Isle of Wight, and have strong memories of learning to climb on the sea cliffs with my father. To me, these were the stepping stones to my love for adventure, which has since taken me to so many different extremes on this incredible planet of ours. ①______.
●How do you prepare yourself for the dangers on your adventures
②______. And I've learned to treat it with respect. When I climbed Mount Everest, I fell 60 meters into an icy gap at an altitude of 5,800 meters. Thankfully, my best friend Mick and a Nepalese climber called Nima were able to hold the rope and pull me to safety. This taught me the importance of having a team when you are going to extremes. ③______.
A lifetime of exposure to danger has given me a gratitude for life that has never left me. My goal is to get home to my family in one piece. ④______.
●Many people are often troubled by doubts and "what ifs," what would you say to them
Never give up! Time, experience, and narrow escapes have taught me that the best way to overcome our fears is not to run from them, but to walk right through the middle. ⑤______. When we refuse to face the tough stuff we come across in our lives, our fears tend to become worse. That's the irony of the situation.
A. No man can survive as an island forever
B. If you do this, you'll find that they often move away
C. In the wild, you only have one chance to get it wrong
D. Danger has been a constant companion for much of my life
E. That's always been the guiding light through the darkness for me
F. Those early days of adventure gave me skills that have lasted a lifetime
G. There are few challenges that the British adventurer is not prepared to take
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When my daughter, Mia, was invited to a kids' pool party, my heart sunk. My 1 sometimes got in the way of me doing activities with her.
There were moments that should have 2 as a warning, like the family party where I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸) and saw Mia looking at me in 3 , but I just put them to the back of my 4 .
One day, one close friend 5 me, "Seriously, you are the biggest I've ever seen. So, from now on you're coming to the Slimming World group with me." Later, her words 6 in my mind. There I was, aged 33, overweight and starting to have heart 7 . What would Mia do if she lost her dad
8 , I was pulled into the group. With the consultant's explanation of the eating plan, I started a dinner with lots of vegetables. The next week, I was 9 to find I'd lost 6 pounds—this might actually 10 !
With more confidence, I decided to practice swimming, 11 one day being a body-confident dad and splashing(拍打着水游) around 12 at a pool party with Mia. As I 13 my swimming distance, my weight loss became even more 14 . Mia loved seeing the change in me and the 15 shone on her face.
I'm also proud of myself for turning my life around, for Mia.
1.A. weight B. sight C. height D. look
2.A. escaped B. served C. stopped D. disappeared
3.A. silence B. excitement C. curiosity D. horror
4.A. neck B. hand C. mind D. shoulder
5.A. promised B. answered C. asked D. warned
6.A. worked B. circled C. formed D. existed
7.A. examinations B. functions C. problems D. researches
8.A. Immediately B. Calmly C. Gradually D. Fortunately
9.A. upset B. sad C. amazed D. nervous
10.A. fade away B. settle down C. break out D. pay off
11.A. imagining B. forgetting C. admitting D. considering
12.A. slowly B. happily C. secretly D. cautiously
13.A. observed B. predicted C. increased D. measured
14.A. evident B. dull C. reliable D. strange
15.A. relief B. anxiety C. fear D. pride
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Porcelain, also called fine china, ① ___ ____(feature) its delicate texture, pleasing color, and refined sculpture, has been one of the ② _______ (good) artworks introduced to the Western world through the Silk Road. The earliest one③ _______ (find) made of Kaolin (高岭土) in the Shang Dynasty (17th-11th century BC), and possessed the common aspects of the smoothness and unaffected quality of hard enamel (瓷釉), while pottery wares (陶器) were more widely used among most of the ordinary people. Anyway it was the beginning. In the following dynasties, due④ _______ its durability and shine, porcelain rapidly became⑤ _______necessity of daily life, ⑥ ________ (especial) in the middle and upper class. It was made⑦ ________the form of all kinds of items, such as bowls, cups, tea sets, vases, jewel cases, musical instruments and boxes, as well as pillows for traditional doctors to feel one's pulse.
Through the ⑧ _______ (develop) of over 4000 years, now it is still a brilliant kind of art that attracts thousands of people. The Porcelain Capital, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi Province, ⑨ ______ has been praised for thousands of years, will be certain ⑩________ (satisfy) your appetite for beauty.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，某英文报社即将举行一次与航空航天相关的夏令营，正在征求活动方案。请你就此用英文给该报社写一封电子邮件表达你的兴趣及你对活动方案的设计。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当増加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：航空航天 aerospace
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A little girl whose parents had died lived with her grandmother and slept in an upstairs bedroom.
One night there was a fire in the house and the grandmother died while trying to rescue the child. The fire spread quickly, and the situation was terrible.
Neighbors called the fire department, and then stood helplessly by, unable to enter the house because flames blocked all the entrances. The little girl appeared at an upstairs window, crying for help, just as word spread among the crowd that the firefighters would be delayed a few minutes because they were all at another fire site.
Suddenly, a man appeared with a ladder, put it up against the side of the house and disappeared inside. When he reappeared, he had the little girl in his arms. He delivered the child to the waiting arms below, and then disappeared into the night.
An investigation revealed that the child had no living relatives, and weeks later a meeting was held in the town hall to determine who would take the child into their home and bring her up.
A teacher said she would like to raise the child. She pointed out that she could ensure her a good education. A farmer offered her a sheltered upbringing on his farm. He pointed out that living on a farm was healthy and satisfying. Others spoke, giving their reasons why it was to the child's advantage to live with them.
Finally, the town's richest resident rose and said, "I can give this child all the advantages that you have mentioned here, plus money and everything that money can buy."
Throughout all this, the child remained silent, her eyes on the floor.
"Does anyone else want to speak " asked the meeting chairman. A man came forward from the back of the hall. He walked slowly and appeared to be in pain.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When he got to the front of the room, he stood directly in front of the little girl and held out his arms. ________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When asked about her choice, the girl gave people the reasons firmly._______________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1.答案：D
解析：考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Sheffield is a lively city in the north of England"可知，该城市位于英格兰的北部。故选D。
2.答案：B
解析：考查细节理解.根据第一段中的"In 1897 the three institutions were joined together to form the University College of Sheffield, which in turn became the University of Sheffield by Royal Charter in 1905"可知，1905年这所大学才正式批准，故其历史不到180年。故B项错误。故选B。
3.答案：A
解析：考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Sheffield is known as the greenest city in Europe because of its 2 million trees. As a result, there ...within the city"其中关键信息"the greenest city in Europe"; "the greenest city in England"可以推断出是Sheffield有优美的风景。故选A。
B
1.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"Not only is she Florida's first openly autistic (自闭症) lawyer, but she is also a public speaker and consultant on disability at work.(她不仅是佛罗里达州第一个公开患有自闭症的律师，还是一名公众演说家和工作中的残疾顾问。)"可知，与其他律师不同的是，Moss是佛罗里达州第一个公开患有自闭症的律师。故选B。
2.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"After her undergraduate work at the University of Florida, she graduated from the University of Miami School of Law. From there, she worked mostly in antiterrorism litigation (反恐怖主义诉讼) at a firm in Florida before starting her own public speaking and consulting business.(在佛罗里达大学完成本科学业后，她毕业于迈阿密大学法学院。从那里开始，她主要在佛罗里达州的一家公司从事反恐诉讼，之后开始了自己的公开演讲和咨询业务。)"可知，Moss毕业后主要在一家公司从事反恐怖主义诉讼工作。由此推知，她毕业后在法律界找到了一份工作。故选D。
3.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"I remember in my first year of law school, there was a blind student in my section, but she did not return for the second semester(我记得在我上法学院的第一年，我的班上有一个盲人学生，但她在第二学期没有回来)"可知，Moss班上的盲人学生只来了一个学期，第二个学期就没回来了。由此推知，这个盲人学生可能退学了。故选A。
4.答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词上文"For any law student or lawyer with a disability, Moss recommends "showing up as your full self"—in other words, not hiding your disability or acting like someone you're not. "Don't try to be the same as your normal or nondisabled counterparts (同行)," she says.(Moss建议，对于任何有残疾的法律系学生或律师，"展现完整的自我"—换句话说，不要隐瞒你的残疾，也不要表现得像别人一样。她说:"不要试图和你的正常或正常同事一样。")"可知，Moss建议残疾的法律系学生或律师，不要隐瞒自己的残疾，要表现出真实的自己。由此推知，划线词divulge是"透露，暴露"的意思，和expose意思相近。故选D。
C
1.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。通过文章第一段Roberto's strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible(Roberto强大的化学背景使一个历史发明成为可能)可知,发明人类胰岛素的原因是Roberto拥有相关化学知识。故选D项。
2.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段画线词上文"After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes.(在日夜工作之后,这位才华横溢的人终于发明了一种新的方法,改进了基因的化学合成。)"可推知,第2段中带下划线的"这一发现"是指一种改进基因合成的新方法。故选C项。
3.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。通过文章第三段"His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology.(在发现合成胰岛素后,他的努力没有停止;事实上,他非常有动力,并试图在生物技术领域做出更多的贡献。)"可推知,Roberto坚持他的科学研究。故选B项。
4.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通过文章首句"Born on July 1st,1948,in the small Italian city of Palmi, Roberto Crea was a genius kid.(Roberto Crea在1948年7月1日出生在意大利小城Palmi,是个天才。)"可知,Roberto Crea是有天赋的。再通读全文以及文章最后一段"Dr. Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 65 years of his life.(Roberto Crea博士在他65年的生命中取得了一长串值得信赖的发现和研究成果。)"可推知,Roberto Crea全心全意地投身在自己的研究领域之中。故选D项。
D
1.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的"Nobody knows the value of a good doll better than Jandrisevits. "Dolls have a power we don't completely understand," she said. It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations.(没有人比詹德里塞维斯更了解一个好娃娃的价值了。"娃娃有一种我们不完全理解的力量，"她说。这是她在做社会工作者时得出的结论，当时她使用洋娃娃来帮助年轻客户适应不断变化的医疗状况。)"可知，让Jandrisevits意识到洋娃娃的价值的是她的工作经验。故选B。
2.答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段的"It's hard to tell a kid, 'You are perfect the way you are,' and to build self-esteem(自尊) that way(对一个孩子说，'你这样就很完美'，并通过这种方式建立自尊是很难的)"及第三段的"Jandrisevits went about changing that.(Jandrisevits着手改变这种状况)"可知，光靠语言无法建立自尊，所以Jandrisevits通过制作娃娃来改变这种状况。由此推知，that指代的是"光靠言语是无法帮助建立信心的这个事实"。故选D。
3.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的"it takes Jandrisevits roughly three days to craft only one doll(Jandrisevits大约花了三天时间制作一个娃娃)"和第一段的"It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations.(这是她在做社会工作者时得出的结论，当时她使用洋娃娃来帮助年轻客户适应不断变化的医疗状况。)"可知，Jandrisevits制作娃娃很耗时间，但很有意义。故选B。
4.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的"She crafted a doll by hand—using fabric, stitching, and markers—that resembled her friend's child and sent it off.(她用布料、针线和马克笔手工制作了一个娃娃，和她朋友的孩子很像，然后送了出去。)"可知，她是有创造力的，即creative；根据第二段的"So, seven years ago, when a friend revealed that her child was stuck in self-doubt and self-distrust, Jandrisevits, now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially challenging period.(因此，七年前，当一位朋友透露她的孩子陷入了自我怀疑和自我不信任的困境时，现年49岁的Jandrisevits知道什么可以帮助孩子度过这一充满挑战的时期。)"可知，她很关心那些生病的人，可用caring形容她。故选A。
第二节
16.答案：①-⑤ FDAEB
解析： ①根据上文"I grew up on the Isle of Wight, and have strong memories of learning to climb on the sea cliffs with my father. To me, these were the stepping stones to my love for adventure, which has since taken me to so many different extremes on this incredible planet of ours."(我在怀特岛长大，和我父亲一起学习爬海崖的经历，给我留下了深刻的印象。对我来说，这些是我对冒险的热爱的垫基石，从那以后，我在这个不可思议的星球上，走向了许多不同的极端。)可知，贝尔 格里尔斯在说明他早期的冒险经历促使他去不同的地方冒险。选项F"那些早期的冒险经历给了我一生的技能。"和上文意思一致。故选F。
②根据下文" And I've learned to treat it with respect. When I climbed Mount Everest, I fell 60 meters into an icy gap at an altitude of 5,800 meters."(我学会了尊重它。当我攀登珠穆朗玛峰的时候，我在海拔5800米的地方掉落了60米，掉进了一个冰窟窿里。)可知，贝尔 格里尔斯的行为具有很大的危险。选项D"危险一直是我生命中不变的伴侣。"引起下文，下文"it"代指选项中的"Danger"。故选D。
③根据上文"This taught me the importance of having a team when you are going to extremes."(这让我明白了当你走极端时，拥有一个团队的重要性。)可知，贝尔 格里尔斯认为去探险时要有伙伴一起，不能一个人去。选项A"没有人能永远生活在岛上。"符合语境，承接上文。故选A。
④根据上文"A lifetime of exposure to danger has given me a gratitude for life that has never left me. My goal is to get home to my family in one piece."(一生的危险经历，让我对生命充满感激。我的目标是安全回家。)可知，安全回家是贝尔 格里尔斯一直惦记的最重要的事情。选项E"它一直是我走出黑暗的指路明灯。"承接上文，指出安全回家对贝尔 格里尔斯的重要性，其中"That"代指上文的"get home to my family in one piece."。故选E。
⑤根据上文"Never give up! Time, experience, and narrow escapes have taught me that the best way to overcome our fears is not to run from them, but to walk right through the middle."(永不放弃！时间，经历，还有侥幸逃脱的经历告诉我，克服恐惧的最好办法不是逃避，而是面对它们。)可知，在贝尔 格里尔斯看来，当恐惧来临时，要勇敢去面对。由此可知，空处对上文进行总结，即面对恐惧的好处，选项B"如果你这么做，你会发现它们经常搬走。"符合，"they"代指前文的"our fears"。故选B。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
1.答案：A
解析：根据第三段中的"There I was, aged 33, overweight"和第五段中的"my weight loss"可知,此处是讲作者的体重有时会妨碍他和女儿一起参加活动。故选A。
2.答案：B
解析：根据空后的"like the family party where I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸)"可推知,此处是指一些时刻,比如家庭聚会时作者发生心悸,本来应被当作一种警告。故选B。
3.答案：D
解析：根据空前的"I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸)"可知,此处应是指女儿Mia惊恐地看着作者。故选D。
4.答案：C
解析：根据but可知,事实上作者并没有重视这些时刻,而是把它们抛在脑后。put sth.to the back of one's mind"刻意忘掉(不愉快的事);把……丢在脑后"。故选C。
5.答案：D
解析：根据第2空后的"as a warning"并结合朋友说的话可知,此处是指一个密友警告作者他太胖了。故选D。
6.答案：B
解析：根据本段最后一句"What would Mia do if she lost her dad "可知,作者开始思考朋友说的话,所以是她的话在作者脑海里盘旋。circle"盘旋"符合语境。故选B。
7.答案：C
解析：根据第二段中的"I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸)"可知,此处是指作者开始出现心脏问题。故选C。
8.答案：A
解析：根据第三段中的"So, from now on...with me"和"What would Mia do if she lost her dad "可知,作者在听了朋友的话后意识到了问题的严重性,所以立刻加入减肥小组。故选A。
9.答案：C
解析：根据空后的"find I'd lost 6 pounds"可知,此处是指作者惊讶地发现自己减掉了六磅。故选C。
10.答案：D
解析：根据"find I'd lost 6 pounds"可知,作者的减肥方案可能奏效了。fade away"逐渐消失";settle down"定居下来";break out"爆发";pay off"奏效"。故选D。
11.答案：A
解析：根据空后的"one day being a body-confident dad"可知,此处是指作者想象有一天能成为一个身材自信的爸爸。故选A。
12.答案：B
解析：根据语境可知,此处是指作者想象有一天能成为一个身材自信的爸爸,快乐地和女儿在泳池派对戏水。故选B。
13.答案：C
解析：根据常识和语境可推知,此处是指随着作者增加游泳距离,他的体重下降得更加明显。故选C。
14.答案：A
解析：参见上题解析。evident"明显的,明白的"。故选C。
15.答案：D
解析：根据下文中的"I'm also proud of myself"可知,女儿Mia对作者的改变感到骄傲。故选D。
第二节
答案：①featuring ②best ③was found ④to ⑤a ⑥especially ⑦in ⑧development ⑨which ⑩to satisfy
解析：①考查现在分词。句意：瓷器，又称精，细瓷器，以其细腻的质地、悦目的色彩和精致的雕刻而著称，是通过丝绸之路传入西方世界的最佳艺术品之一。分析句子结构可知非谓语动词feature在句中与逻辑主语Porcelain构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填featuring。
②考查形容词最高级。句意：瓷器，又称精细瓷器，以其细腻的质地、悦目的色彩和精致的雕刻而著称，是通过丝绸之路传入西方世界的最佳艺术品之一。根据上文定冠词the以及句意"最好的"可知应用形容词最高级best。故填best。
③考查动词时态语态。句意：发现的最早的瓷器是商代(公元前17-11世纪)用高岭土制成的，具有硬瓷釉光滑和质感纯正的共同特点，而陶器在大多数普通人中使用得更为广泛。主语The earliest one与谓语动词find构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为The earliest one,谓语用单数。故填was found。
④考查固定短语。句意：在随后的几个朝代，瓷器由于其耐用性和光泽，迅速成为日常生活的必需品，尤其是在中.上层阶级。短语due to表示"由于"。故填to。
⑤考查冠词。句意：在随后的几个朝代，瓷器由于其耐用性和光泽，迅速成为日常生活的必需品，尤其是在中，上层阶级。necessity为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。
⑥考查副词。句意：在随后的几个朝代，瓷器由于其耐用性和光泽，迅速成为日常生活的必需品，尤其是在中上层阶级。修饰后文介词短语应用副词especially作状语，故填especially。
⑦考查介词。句意：它被制作成各种形式的物品，例如碗、杯子、茶具、花瓶、珠宝盒、乐器和盒子，以及传统医生用来感受脉搏的枕头。短语in the form of 表示"……的形式"。故填in。
⑧考查不可数名词。句意：经过4000多年的发展，现在它仍然是一种吸引成千上万人的辉煌艺术。作宾语，应用名词development，不可数名词。故填development。
⑨考查非限制性定语从句。句意：千百年来备受赞誉的江西省景德镇是瓷器之都，一定会满足你的审美欲望。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The Porcelain Capital，Jingdezhen，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
⑩考查动词不定式。句意：千百年来备受赞誉的江西省景德镇是瓷器之都，一定会满足你的审美欲望。此处为固定短语be certain to do sth.表示"一定会做某事"。故填to satisfy。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Sir,
I am glad to hear that a summer camp about aerospace will be held. It attracts me a lot, and I sincerely hope that I can participate in.
Here are my ideas for the camp. First, there should be some time to enjoy and admire true spaceships or rockets that have been used or will be used, which can increase our interest. Then I hope you can invite some astronauts to share their experience with us. Besides, I hope we can have the chance to experience it in the experimental situation. And it will be better if we can be taught to make some aircraft models and take them as gifts for family and friends.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
When he got to the front of the room, he stood directly in front of the little girl and held out his arms. His hands and arms were terribly scarred. The little girl cried out, "This is the man who rescued me!" With a leap, she threw her arms around the man's neck. She buried her face in his shoulder and sobbed for a few moments. Then she looked up and smiled at him.
When asked about her choice, the girl gave people the reasons firmly. She said in a low but determined voice, "I really desire to get a good education that will give me chances to live my dreams. Besides, I know that money means a lot to me since I have no relatives to rely on. But, it's the man who saved my life when I was desperately facing a fire like that. Without him, I wouldn't be here, waiting for a new choice. I hope that I can do whatever I can to pay back his kindness."
2
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The University of Sheffield
Back to its origin
The University of Sheffield is a research university in the city of Sheffield in South Yorkshire, England. It is one of the original "red brick" universities, which are a group of top and famous old universities. The University of Sheffield was originally formed by the combination of three colleges. The Sheffield School of Medicine was founded in 1828, followed in 1879 by the opening of Firth College by Mark Firth, a steel manufacturer (制造商), to teach arts and science subjects. Firth College then helped to provide money for the opening of the Sheffield Technical School in 1884 to teach applied science. In 1897 the three institutions were joined together to form the University College of Sheffield, which in turn became the University of Sheffield by Royal Charter (特许) in 1905. This university is famous for its good education and boasts a number of Nobel Prize winners among its former students.
More information
System: The University has five departments: Arts and Humanities; Engineering; Pure Science; Social Sciences; Medicine, Dentistry and Health. Sheffield also has many research programs in fields including aerospace, environmental science, psychology, and biology.
City show: Sheffield is a lively city in the north of England. Sheffield is known as the greenest city in Europe because of its 2 million trees. As a result, there are many parks and woods throughout the city and beyond. Sheffield is the greenest city in England with 150 woodlands and 50 public parks within the city. Once, in Sheffield, the folk hero—Robin Hood lived in Sherwood Forest with 150 of his loyal friends. And Charlotte Bronte, the English writer noted for her novel Jane Eyre was born in Sheffield.
1.Sheffield is in the _______ of England.
A. east B. west C. south D. north
2.Which statement about the University of Sheffield is not TRUE
A. It has a good fame for many great graduates.
B. It has a long history of more than 180 years.
C. It is one member of "red brick" universities.
D. It owns different departments and research programs.
3.What can we infer from the text
A. Sheffield has very beautiful scenery.
B. Charlotte Bronte is an English writer.
C. Sheffield is the biggest city of England.
D. Robin Hood is a character in Jane Eyre.
B
Haley Moss knows that for our legal system to function the way it should, it needs to look like the people it represents—including people with disabilities. "We need all types of minds to get all kinds of jobs done," she says. Moss represents that concept in more ways than one: Not only is she Florida's first openly autistic (自闭症) lawyer, but she is also a public speaker and consultant on disability at work.
Moss initially thought she would be a doctor "I thought the coolest thing would be becoming an autistic expert," she says— but soon realized she wasn't enthusiastic about the science. She decided to focus on what she enjoys: helping people, making a difference, writing, and speaking—all things lawyers do. After her undergraduate work at the University of Florida, she graduated from the University of Miami School of Law. From there, she worked mostly in antiterrorism litigation (反恐怖主义诉讼) at a firm in Florida before starting her own public speaking and consulting business.
Moss is hoping to change the fact that not many lawyers are open about their disabilities. "I remember in my first year of law school, there was a blind student in my section, but she did not return for the second semester—and I wondered why," she says. "Law school is not always as accessible as it could be for people with disabilities. However, if more people with disabilities go to law school and begin working in our communities, they'll be able to create the change we need." Moss now plays a role in inspiring others to discover the benefits of a legal education as part of LSAC's BE IndiVISIBLE campaign, which encourages all people from all walks of life to consider law school.
For any law student or lawyer with a disability, Moss recommends "showing up as your full self"—in other words, not hiding your disability or acting like someone you're not. "Don't try to be the same as your normal or nondisabled counterparts (同行)," she says. "But remember that if you do choose to divulge your disability, make it clear that it's not everything you are.
1.How does Moss differ from other lawyers
A. She only defends for the disabled.
B. She is the first openly autistic lawyer in Florida.
C. She is only a lawyer with plenty of new concepts.
D. She is devoted to changing the present legal system.
2.What can we infer about Moss from paragraph 2
A. She got a doctor degree at first.
B. She enjoyed science at university.
C. She selected the most popular major at university.
D. She got a job in the legal profession after graduation.
3.What happened to the blind student
A. She might quit school. B. She launched many campaigns.
C. She often inspired her classmates. D. She was devoted to her community.
4.What can replace the underlined word "divulge" in the last paragraph
A. Treat B. excuse C. ignore D. expose
C
Born on July 1st, 1948, in the small Italian city of Palmi, Roberto Crea was a genius kid. He moved to the Netherlands and majored in Biological Chemistry. It was this university that directed his interest in the synthesis (合成) of nucleotides, the basic units that are required to build DNA. At that time, not many researchers studied the combination of genes (基因), but Roberto's strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible.
In 1977, he joined the Genentech, Inc. and the gene synthesis team at City of Hope Medical School. The company funded Dr. Crea's ongoing research on gene synthesis. After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes. Thanks to his rich knowledge and the joint efforts of the excellent Genentech team, he made use of this discovery to produce the human insulin (胰岛素) genes, A and B. It was his invention that allowed Genentech to be labeled as the first producer of human protein. This benefited hundreds of millions of people suffering from diabetes (糖尿病) all over the world.
Today Roberto is known as the father of synthetic insulin and had almost won the Nobel Prize. His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology. His team of experts discovered Ziconotide under his teachings and guidance. According to leading scientists and researchers, this drug is more powerful and effective than morphine (吗啡), and the best part of this is that it has zero side-effects.
Dr. Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 65 years of his life. He is an inspiration for many individuals who aim to add value to humanity with the help of science.
1.What may contribute to Roberto's invention of the human insulin genes
A. His good luck in his life. B. His curiosity about his study.
C. His creative imagination. D. His knowledge of chemistry.
2.What do the underlined words "this discovery" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. A special way of producing human protein.
B. A reliable method for curing people of diabetes.
C. A new procedure for improving gene synthesis.
D. A simple technique of separating human genes.
3.What do we know about Roberto in Paragraph 3
A. He won a Nobel Prize.
B. He stuck to his scientific research.
C. He discovered morphine with his team.
D. He retired after making the great discovery.
4.Which of the following best describes Roberto
A. Enthusiastic and generous. B. Courageous and calm.
C. Ambitious and patient. D. Devoted and talented.
D
Nobody knows the value of a good doll better than Jandrisevits. "Dolls have a power we don't completely understand," she said. It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations. Many of the kids saw themselves in those dolls. But for the kids missing a limb or who had lost their hair, there were none they could relate to.
So, seven years ago, when a friend revealed that her child was stuck in self-doubt and self-distrust, Jandrisevits, now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially challenging period. "It's hard to tell a kid, 'You are perfect the way you are,' and to build self-esteem (自尊) that way, but never offer them anything that looks like them," she says.
Jandrisevits went about changing that. She crafted a doll by hand — using fabric, stitching, and markers — that resembled (像) her friend's child and sent it off. After the friend posted a photo online of the happy child and doll, another woman asked Jandrisevits to make a doll that looked like her baby, who was missing a leg.
Word spread, and soon Jandrisevits was making dolls for children with scars, birthmarks, facial deformities(畸形), — in short, a doll that looked like them. She quit her job and started a nonprofit, A Doll Like Me.
Working out of her home in Milwaukee, from photos sent by parents or caregivers, it takes Jandrisevits roughly three days to craft only one doll. A GoFundMe page helps her cover costs and allows her to donate her services. She hasn't charged for a doll since she began her nonprofit.
In all, she's made more than 400 dolls. The waiting list is long, but Jandriscvits will never give up. As she explains on her GoFundMe page, "Every kid, regardless of gender, ethnicity, age, medical issue, or body type, should look into the sweet face of a doll and see their own."
1.What made Jandrisevits realize the value of dolls
A. The influence of dolls on her. B. Her working experience.
C. The changing medical situations. D. Her relation to the unlucky kids.
2.What does the underlined word ―that refer to in paragraph 3
A. Children's concern about their looks.
B. The problems faced by the child of a friend.
C. The challenging period the youth are going through.
D. The fact that words alone fail to help build self-esteem.
3.What can be inferred about Jandrisevits' making dolls
A. It targets children with mental problems.
B. It is time-consuming but meaningful.
C. It is thought poorly of by people.
D. It brings in a good fortune.
4.Which of the following best describes Jandrisevits
A. Creative and caring. B. Ambitious and devoted.
C. Considerate and sensitive. D. Knowledgeable and generous.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Bear Grylls is known for his bravery on a number of television shows, which have taken him to the most amazing corners of the planet. We were honored to be given the chance to interview Grylls, who gave us his honest thoughts on his adventures.
●When did you first discover that you enjoyed exploring the outdoors and going on adventures
I grew up on the Isle of Wight, and have strong memories of learning to climb on the sea cliffs with my father. To me, these were the stepping stones to my love for adventure, which has since taken me to so many different extremes on this incredible planet of ours. ①______.
●How do you prepare yourself for the dangers on your adventures
②______. And I've learned to treat it with respect. When I climbed Mount Everest, I fell 60 meters into an icy gap at an altitude of 5,800 meters. Thankfully, my best friend Mick and a Nepalese climber called Nima were able to hold the rope and pull me to safety. This taught me the importance of having a team when you are going to extremes. ③______.
A lifetime of exposure to danger has given me a gratitude for life that has never left me. My goal is to get home to my family in one piece. ④______.
●Many people are often troubled by doubts and "what ifs," what would you say to them
Never give up! Time, experience, and narrow escapes have taught me that the best way to overcome our fears is not to run from them, but to walk right through the middle. ⑤______. When we refuse to face the tough stuff we come across in our lives, our fears tend to become worse. That's the irony of the situation.
A. No man can survive as an island forever
B. If you do this, you'll find that they often move away
C. In the wild, you only have one chance to get it wrong
D. Danger has been a constant companion for much of my life
E. That's always been the guiding light through the darkness for me
F. Those early days of adventure gave me skills that have lasted a lifetime
G. There are few challenges that the British adventurer is not prepared to take
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When my daughter, Mia, was invited to a kids' pool party, my heart sunk. My 1 sometimes got in the way of me doing activities with her.
There were moments that should have 2 as a warning, like the family party where I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸) and saw Mia looking at me in 3 , but I just put them to the back of my 4 .
One day, one close friend 5 me, "Seriously, you are the biggest I've ever seen. So, from now on you're coming to the Slimming World group with me." Later, her words 6 in my mind. There I was, aged 33, overweight and starting to have heart 7 . What would Mia do if she lost her dad
8 , I was pulled into the group. With the consultant's explanation of the eating plan, I started a dinner with lots of vegetables. The next week, I was 9 to find I'd lost 6 pounds—this might actually 10 !
With more confidence, I decided to practice swimming, 11 one day being a body-confident dad and splashing(拍打着水游) around 12 at a pool party with Mia. As I 13 my swimming distance, my weight loss became even more 14 . Mia loved seeing the change in me and the 15 shone on her face.
I'm also proud of myself for turning my life around, for Mia.
1.A. weight B. sight C. height D. look
2.A. escaped B. served C. stopped D. disappeared
3.A. silence B. excitement C. curiosity D. horror
4.A. neck B. hand C. mind D. shoulder
5.A. promised B. answered C. asked D. warned
6.A. worked B. circled C. formed D. existed
7.A. examinations B. functions C. problems D. researches
8.A. Immediately B. Calmly C. Gradually D. Fortunately
9.A. upset B. sad C. amazed D. nervous
10.A. fade away B. settle down C. break out D. pay off
11.A. imagining B. forgetting C. admitting D. considering
12.A. slowly B. happily C. secretly D. cautiously
13.A. observed B. predicted C. increased D. measured
14.A. evident B. dull C. reliable D. strange
15.A. relief B. anxiety C. fear D. pride
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Porcelain, also called fine china, ① ___ ____(feature) its delicate texture, pleasing color, and refined sculpture, has been one of the ② _______ (good) artworks introduced to the Western world through the Silk Road. The earliest one③ _______ (find) made of Kaolin (高岭土) in the Shang Dynasty (17th-11th century BC), and possessed the common aspects of the smoothness and unaffected quality of hard enamel (瓷釉), while pottery wares (陶器) were more widely used among most of the ordinary people. Anyway it was the beginning. In the following dynasties, due④ _______ its durability and shine, porcelain rapidly became⑤ _______necessity of daily life, ⑥ ________ (especial) in the middle and upper class. It was made⑦ ________the form of all kinds of items, such as bowls, cups, tea sets, vases, jewel cases, musical instruments and boxes, as well as pillows for traditional doctors to feel one's pulse.
Through the ⑧ _______ (develop) of over 4000 years, now it is still a brilliant kind of art that attracts thousands of people. The Porcelain Capital, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi Province, ⑨ ______ has been praised for thousands of years, will be certain ⑩________ (satisfy) your appetite for beauty.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，某英文报社即将举行一次与航空航天相关的夏令营，正在征求活动方案。请你就此用英文给该报社写一封电子邮件表达你的兴趣及你对活动方案的设计。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当増加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：航空航天 aerospace
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A little girl whose parents had died lived with her grandmother and slept in an upstairs bedroom.
One night there was a fire in the house and the grandmother died while trying to rescue the child. The fire spread quickly, and the situation was terrible.
Neighbors called the fire department, and then stood helplessly by, unable to enter the house because flames blocked all the entrances. The little girl appeared at an upstairs window, crying for help, just as word spread among the crowd that the firefighters would be delayed a few minutes because they were all at another fire site.
Suddenly, a man appeared with a ladder, put it up against the side of the house and disappeared inside. When he reappeared, he had the little girl in his arms. He delivered the child to the waiting arms below, and then disappeared into the night.
An investigation revealed that the child had no living relatives, and weeks later a meeting was held in the town hall to determine who would take the child into their home and bring her up.
A teacher said she would like to raise the child. She pointed out that she could ensure her a good education. A farmer offered her a sheltered upbringing on his farm. He pointed out that living on a farm was healthy and satisfying. Others spoke, giving their reasons why it was to the child's advantage to live with them.
Finally, the town's richest resident rose and said, "I can give this child all the advantages that you have mentioned here, plus money and everything that money can buy."
Throughout all this, the child remained silent, her eyes on the floor.
"Does anyone else want to speak " asked the meeting chairman. A man came forward from the back of the hall. He walked slowly and appeared to be in pain.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When he got to the front of the room, he stood directly in front of the little girl and held out his arms. ________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When asked about her choice, the girl gave people the reasons firmly._______________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1.答案：D
解析：考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Sheffield is a lively city in the north of England"可知，该城市位于英格兰的北部。故选D。
2.答案：B
解析：考查细节理解.根据第一段中的"In 1897 the three institutions were joined together to form the University College of Sheffield, which in turn became the University of Sheffield by Royal Charter in 1905"可知，1905年这所大学才正式批准，故其历史不到180年。故B项错误。故选B。
3.答案：A
解析：考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Sheffield is known as the greenest city in Europe because of its 2 million trees. As a result, there ...within the city"其中关键信息"the greenest city in Europe"; "the greenest city in England"可以推断出是Sheffield有优美的风景。故选A。
B
1.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"Not only is she Florida's first openly autistic (自闭症) lawyer, but she is also a public speaker and consultant on disability at work.(她不仅是佛罗里达州第一个公开患有自闭症的律师，还是一名公众演说家和工作中的残疾顾问。)"可知，与其他律师不同的是，Moss是佛罗里达州第一个公开患有自闭症的律师。故选B。
2.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"After her undergraduate work at the University of Florida, she graduated from the University of Miami School of Law. From there, she worked mostly in antiterrorism litigation (反恐怖主义诉讼) at a firm in Florida before starting her own public speaking and consulting business.(在佛罗里达大学完成本科学业后，她毕业于迈阿密大学法学院。从那里开始，她主要在佛罗里达州的一家公司从事反恐诉讼，之后开始了自己的公开演讲和咨询业务。)"可知，Moss毕业后主要在一家公司从事反恐怖主义诉讼工作。由此推知，她毕业后在法律界找到了一份工作。故选D。
3.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"I remember in my first year of law school, there was a blind student in my section, but she did not return for the second semester(我记得在我上法学院的第一年，我的班上有一个盲人学生，但她在第二学期没有回来)"可知，Moss班上的盲人学生只来了一个学期，第二个学期就没回来了。由此推知，这个盲人学生可能退学了。故选A。
4.答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词上文"For any law student or lawyer with a disability, Moss recommends "showing up as your full self"—in other words, not hiding your disability or acting like someone you're not. "Don't try to be the same as your normal or nondisabled counterparts (同行)," she says.(Moss建议，对于任何有残疾的法律系学生或律师，"展现完整的自我"—换句话说，不要隐瞒你的残疾，也不要表现得像别人一样。她说:"不要试图和你的正常或正常同事一样。")"可知，Moss建议残疾的法律系学生或律师，不要隐瞒自己的残疾，要表现出真实的自己。由此推知，划线词divulge是"透露，暴露"的意思，和expose意思相近。故选D。
C
1.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。通过文章第一段Roberto's strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible(Roberto强大的化学背景使一个历史发明成为可能)可知,发明人类胰岛素的原因是Roberto拥有相关化学知识。故选D项。
2.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段画线词上文"After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes.(在日夜工作之后,这位才华横溢的人终于发明了一种新的方法,改进了基因的化学合成。)"可推知,第2段中带下划线的"这一发现"是指一种改进基因合成的新方法。故选C项。
3.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。通过文章第三段"His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology.(在发现合成胰岛素后,他的努力没有停止;事实上,他非常有动力,并试图在生物技术领域做出更多的贡献。)"可推知,Roberto坚持他的科学研究。故选B项。
4.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通过文章首句"Born on July 1st,1948,in the small Italian city of Palmi, Roberto Crea was a genius kid.(Roberto Crea在1948年7月1日出生在意大利小城Palmi,是个天才。)"可知,Roberto Crea是有天赋的。再通读全文以及文章最后一段"Dr. Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 65 years of his life.(Roberto Crea博士在他65年的生命中取得了一长串值得信赖的发现和研究成果。)"可推知,Roberto Crea全心全意地投身在自己的研究领域之中。故选D项。
D
1.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的"Nobody knows the value of a good doll better than Jandrisevits. "Dolls have a power we don't completely understand," she said. It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations.(没有人比詹德里塞维斯更了解一个好娃娃的价值了。"娃娃有一种我们不完全理解的力量，"她说。这是她在做社会工作者时得出的结论，当时她使用洋娃娃来帮助年轻客户适应不断变化的医疗状况。)"可知，让Jandrisevits意识到洋娃娃的价值的是她的工作经验。故选B。
2.答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段的"It's hard to tell a kid, 'You are perfect the way you are,' and to build self-esteem(自尊) that way(对一个孩子说，'你这样就很完美'，并通过这种方式建立自尊是很难的)"及第三段的"Jandrisevits went about changing that.(Jandrisevits着手改变这种状况)"可知，光靠语言无法建立自尊，所以Jandrisevits通过制作娃娃来改变这种状况。由此推知，that指代的是"光靠言语是无法帮助建立信心的这个事实"。故选D。
3.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的"it takes Jandrisevits roughly three days to craft only one doll(Jandrisevits大约花了三天时间制作一个娃娃)"和第一段的"It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations.(这是她在做社会工作者时得出的结论，当时她使用洋娃娃来帮助年轻客户适应不断变化的医疗状况。)"可知，Jandrisevits制作娃娃很耗时间，但很有意义。故选B。
4.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的"She crafted a doll by hand—using fabric, stitching, and markers—that resembled her friend's child and sent it off.(她用布料、针线和马克笔手工制作了一个娃娃，和她朋友的孩子很像，然后送了出去。)"可知，她是有创造力的，即creative；根据第二段的"So, seven years ago, when a friend revealed that her child was stuck in self-doubt and self-distrust, Jandrisevits, now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially challenging period.(因此，七年前，当一位朋友透露她的孩子陷入了自我怀疑和自我不信任的困境时，现年49岁的Jandrisevits知道什么可以帮助孩子度过这一充满挑战的时期。)"可知，她很关心那些生病的人，可用caring形容她。故选A。
第二节
16.答案：①-⑤ FDAEB
解析： ①根据上文"I grew up on the Isle of Wight, and have strong memories of learning to climb on the sea cliffs with my father. To me, these were the stepping stones to my love for adventure, which has since taken me to so many different extremes on this incredible planet of ours."(我在怀特岛长大，和我父亲一起学习爬海崖的经历，给我留下了深刻的印象。对我来说，这些是我对冒险的热爱的垫基石，从那以后，我在这个不可思议的星球上，走向了许多不同的极端。)可知，贝尔 格里尔斯在说明他早期的冒险经历促使他去不同的地方冒险。选项F"那些早期的冒险经历给了我一生的技能。"和上文意思一致。故选F。
②根据下文" And I've learned to treat it with respect. When I climbed Mount Everest, I fell 60 meters into an icy gap at an altitude of 5,800 meters."(我学会了尊重它。当我攀登珠穆朗玛峰的时候，我在海拔5800米的地方掉落了60米，掉进了一个冰窟窿里。)可知，贝尔 格里尔斯的行为具有很大的危险。选项D"危险一直是我生命中不变的伴侣。"引起下文，下文"it"代指选项中的"Danger"。故选D。
③根据上文"This taught me the importance of having a team when you are going to extremes."(这让我明白了当你走极端时，拥有一个团队的重要性。)可知，贝尔 格里尔斯认为去探险时要有伙伴一起，不能一个人去。选项A"没有人能永远生活在岛上。"符合语境，承接上文。故选A。
④根据上文"A lifetime of exposure to danger has given me a gratitude for life that has never left me. My goal is to get home to my family in one piece."(一生的危险经历，让我对生命充满感激。我的目标是安全回家。)可知，安全回家是贝尔 格里尔斯一直惦记的最重要的事情。选项E"它一直是我走出黑暗的指路明灯。"承接上文，指出安全回家对贝尔 格里尔斯的重要性，其中"That"代指上文的"get home to my family in one piece."。故选E。
⑤根据上文"Never give up! Time, experience, and narrow escapes have taught me that the best way to overcome our fears is not to run from them, but to walk right through the middle."(永不放弃！时间，经历，还有侥幸逃脱的经历告诉我，克服恐惧的最好办法不是逃避，而是面对它们。)可知，在贝尔 格里尔斯看来，当恐惧来临时，要勇敢去面对。由此可知，空处对上文进行总结，即面对恐惧的好处，选项B"如果你这么做，你会发现它们经常搬走。"符合，"they"代指前文的"our fears"。故选B。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
1.答案：A
解析：根据第三段中的"There I was, aged 33, overweight"和第五段中的"my weight loss"可知,此处是讲作者的体重有时会妨碍他和女儿一起参加活动。故选A。
2.答案：B
解析：根据空后的"like the family party where I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸)"可推知,此处是指一些时刻,比如家庭聚会时作者发生心悸,本来应被当作一种警告。故选B。
3.答案：D
解析：根据空前的"I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸)"可知,此处应是指女儿Mia惊恐地看着作者。故选D。
4.答案：C
解析：根据but可知,事实上作者并没有重视这些时刻,而是把它们抛在脑后。put sth.to the back of one's mind"刻意忘掉(不愉快的事);把……丢在脑后"。故选C。
5.答案：D
解析：根据第2空后的"as a warning"并结合朋友说的话可知,此处是指一个密友警告作者他太胖了。故选D。
6.答案：B
解析：根据本段最后一句"What would Mia do if she lost her dad "可知,作者开始思考朋友说的话,所以是她的话在作者脑海里盘旋。circle"盘旋"符合语境。故选B。
7.答案：C
解析：根据第二段中的"I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸)"可知,此处是指作者开始出现心脏问题。故选C。
8.答案：A
解析：根据第三段中的"So, from now on...with me"和"What would Mia do if she lost her dad "可知,作者在听了朋友的话后意识到了问题的严重性,所以立刻加入减肥小组。故选A。
9.答案：C
解析：根据空后的"find I'd lost 6 pounds"可知,此处是指作者惊讶地发现自己减掉了六磅。故选C。
10.答案：D
解析：根据"find I'd lost 6 pounds"可知,作者的减肥方案可能奏效了。fade away"逐渐消失";settle down"定居下来";break out"爆发";pay off"奏效"。故选D。
11.答案：A
解析：根据空后的"one day being a body-confident dad"可知,此处是指作者想象有一天能成为一个身材自信的爸爸。故选A。
12.答案：B
解析：根据语境可知,此处是指作者想象有一天能成为一个身材自信的爸爸,快乐地和女儿在泳池派对戏水。故选B。
13.答案：C
解析：根据常识和语境可推知,此处是指随着作者增加游泳距离,他的体重下降得更加明显。故选C。
14.答案：A
解析：参见上题解析。evident"明显的,明白的"。故选C。
15.答案：D
解析：根据下文中的"I'm also proud of myself"可知,女儿Mia对作者的改变感到骄傲。故选D。
第二节
答案：①featuring ②best ③was found ④to ⑤a ⑥especially ⑦in ⑧development ⑨which ⑩to satisfy
解析：①考查现在分词。句意：瓷器，又称精，细瓷器，以其细腻的质地、悦目的色彩和精致的雕刻而著称，是通过丝绸之路传入西方世界的最佳艺术品之一。分析句子结构可知非谓语动词feature在句中与逻辑主语Porcelain构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填featuring。
②考查形容词最高级。句意：瓷器，又称精细瓷器，以其细腻的质地、悦目的色彩和精致的雕刻而著称，是通过丝绸之路传入西方世界的最佳艺术品之一。根据上文定冠词the以及句意"最好的"可知应用形容词最高级best。故填best。
③考查动词时态语态。句意：发现的最早的瓷器是商代(公元前17-11世纪)用高岭土制成的，具有硬瓷釉光滑和质感纯正的共同特点，而陶器在大多数普通人中使用得更为广泛。主语The earliest one与谓语动词find构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为The earliest one,谓语用单数。故填was found。
④考查固定短语。句意：在随后的几个朝代，瓷器由于其耐用性和光泽，迅速成为日常生活的必需品，尤其是在中.上层阶级。短语due to表示"由于"。故填to。
⑤考查冠词。句意：在随后的几个朝代，瓷器由于其耐用性和光泽，迅速成为日常生活的必需品，尤其是在中，上层阶级。necessity为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。
⑥考查副词。句意：在随后的几个朝代，瓷器由于其耐用性和光泽，迅速成为日常生活的必需品，尤其是在中上层阶级。修饰后文介词短语应用副词especially作状语，故填especially。
⑦考查介词。句意：它被制作成各种形式的物品，例如碗、杯子、茶具、花瓶、珠宝盒、乐器和盒子，以及传统医生用来感受脉搏的枕头。短语in the form of 表示"……的形式"。故填in。
⑧考查不可数名词。句意：经过4000多年的发展，现在它仍然是一种吸引成千上万人的辉煌艺术。作宾语，应用名词development，不可数名词。故填development。
⑨考查非限制性定语从句。句意：千百年来备受赞誉的江西省景德镇是瓷器之都，一定会满足你的审美欲望。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The Porcelain Capital，Jingdezhen，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
⑩考查动词不定式。句意：千百年来备受赞誉的江西省景德镇是瓷器之都，一定会满足你的审美欲望。此处为固定短语be certain to do sth.表示"一定会做某事"。故填to satisfy。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Sir,
I am glad to hear that a summer camp about aerospace will be held. It attracts me a lot, and I sincerely hope that I can participate in.
Here are my ideas for the camp. First, there should be some time to enjoy and admire true spaceships or rockets that have been used or will be used, which can increase our interest. Then I hope you can invite some astronauts to share their experience with us. Besides, I hope we can have the chance to experience it in the experimental situation. And it will be better if we can be taught to make some aircraft models and take them as gifts for family and friends.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
When he got to the front of the room, he stood directly in front of the little girl and held out his arms. His hands and arms were terribly scarred. The little girl cried out, "This is the man who rescued me!" With a leap, she threw her arms around the man's neck. She buried her face in his shoulder and sobbed for a few moments. Then she looked up and smiled at him.
When asked about her choice, the girl gave people the reasons firmly. She said in a low but determined voice, "I really desire to get a good education that will give me chances to live my dreams. Besides, I know that money means a lot to me since I have no relatives to rely on. But, it's the man who saved my life when I was desperately facing a fire like that. Without him, I wouldn't be here, waiting for a new choice. I hope that I can do whatever I can to pay back his kindness."
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