人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册暑假作业（13）暑假提前学：Unit 1 People of Achievement Using Language（含答案）
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（13）暑假提前学：Unit 1 People of Achievement Using Language & Assessing Your Progress——2022-2023学年高一英语人教版（2019）暑假作业
一、词汇运用
1. found 创建，建立；把……建立在
be founded on 建立在……基础上；（建筑物）建立在……上
The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.
中华人民共和国成立于1949年。
2. extraordinary 不一般的，非凡的，意想不到的
an extraordinary memory 非凡的记忆力
extraordinary ideas 离奇的想法
extraordinary passion 特别的热情
3. consequence 结果，后果
accept/ take the consequence 承担后果
in consequence/ as a consequence 因此，所以
in consequence of/ as a consequence of 因为，作为……的结果
Taking risks can have serious consequences.
冒险可能会产生严重后果。
4. encounter 偶然碰到，遇到；邂逅，遭遇
have an encounter with 与……相遇
come across 偶然遇到；偶然发现
We encountered a variety of difficulties in the first week.
我们在第一周遇到各种各样的困难。
5. sum
总结；概括
sum up 总结；概括
sum into/to 共计
to sum up =in sum 总之
金额，款项，总数，总和
二、单词拼写
1.This is absolutely the most disappointing situation I've ever ________(遇到)．
2.We've made __________(非凡的) progress as a society in recent years.
3.Confucius was an extraordinary educator and philosopher, and _________________(建立) Confucianism. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
4.He has been late on ________ (众多的；许多的) occasions. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
5.________(教授), for the most part, are firmly committed to teaching, not research.
三、语法填空
6.After four decades of reform and opening-up, Silicon Valley of China has _____ (gradual) become a global hardware center.
7.This year has seen a number of _____ (remark) business stories in China, including some masters such as Alibaba and Huawei.
8.When fighting with natural disasters, the workers were _____ (passion) and looked for entertainment through competition.
9.Delcourt said, "Liu Cixin is a _____ (genius) who is still undiscovered in France, and I see great possibilities for him."
10.That is to say, investment in fixed assets(固定资产投资) will remain at a _____ (relative) low scale.
四、七选五
Tips to Create Great Readers
Are great readers born or are they made Obviously, children don't enter the world knowing how to understand a text or make a prediction. ①___________ Here are some tips for making children great readers by habit.
② ___________or she will build weaker habits. Intervene (干预) with a targeted question, such as "How does this part of the text help you understand this character " Doing so can prevent poor habits from taking root and build great ones in their place.
Build habits at the moment of writing. Just like adults, children use writing to gather their thoughts about a text and communicate their ideas to others. ③___________ For example, children can first have a discussion about what they're reading by answering a focus question in writing: "What is the author trying to teach us in this story " ④___________ By doing this, you can get a better understanding of what guidance the children will need during the discussion.
Build habits at the moment of reading. Independent reading time is important for any reading programme. It's a chance for children to put together everything they've learnt in reading lessons and fly using their own wings. ⑤___________ So providing a rich class library and letting children know that they are expected to read for the entire period will ensure their success as lifelong independent readers.
五、阅读理解
Scientists have already studied how dogs respond to people's behavior and speech. But researchers are just scratching the surface of human-cat interactions. House cats do appear to respond to the expressions on people's faces. Cats can also tell different human voices. But can cats recognize their own names
Saito, a psychologist at Sophia University in Tokyo, and her colleagues decided to find the answer. They asked the owners of 77 cats to say four nouns of similar length followed by the cat's name. Cats gradually lost interest in each random(随机的) noun. But when the owner said a cat's name, the cats reacted strongly. They moved their ears, head or tail, changed their back paw's position. And, of course, they miaowed.
These findings mean that cats join the ranks of animals that have shown some sort of response in experiments to the names people give them. Those animals include dogs, dolphins, apes and parrots. It's hard to compare the number of words across species, though. Some dogs, for example, can tell the difference between hundreds of human words.
The study makes a strong case that cats are perfectly capable of recognizing their own names. Getting a treat or hug as a reward is part of how cats learn to recognize a name. However, owners may also use their cat's name in a negative setting, like yelling at Fluffy to get off the stove. As a result, cats can probably learn to associate these familiar utterances with good and bad experiences, Saito notes. And that might not be great for human-cat relations. So only using a cat's name in a positive context and using a different term in a negative context could help cats and humans communicate more clearly.
So cats may recognize their names. But will they come when called Don't get your hopes up.
1.What made cats react strongly according to Saito's study
A.Their owners. B.Their own names. C.A random noun. D.A delicious meal.
2.The findings show _________.
A.all dogs will respond on hearing their names
B.it's extremely difficult to tell cats' names from dogs'
C.scientists know how to tell the difference between animals
D.there is difference in the number of words recognized among animals
3.Which of the following could replace the underlined word "utterances" in Paragraph 4
A.words B.situations C.observations D.owners
4.What should people avoid to improve human-cat communication
A.Giving a treat or hug as a reward. B.Calling their name in a positive context.
C.Using a different term in a negative setting. D.Associating their name with bad experiences.
答案以及解析
二、单词拼写
1.答案：encountered
2.答案：extraordinary
3.答案：founded
4.答案：numerous
5.答案：Professors
三、语法填空
6.答案：gradually
7.答案：remarkable
8.答案：passionate
9.答案：genius
10.答案：relatively
四、七选五
答案：DAGCE
解析：①根据上文Obviously, children don't enter the world knowing how to understand a text or make a prediction.可知,D项“他们通过学习好的习惯成长为优秀的读者”符合此处语境,同时呼应空后一句。故选D项。
②根据下文The most critical moment in reading instruction is when children get something wrong. If the child continues practising the skill incorrectly, he or she will build weaker habits.可知,本段讲述的是在犯错的时候培养习惯。故选A项。
③根据下文For example, children can first have a discussion about what they're reading by answering a focus question in writing... 可知,G项“因此,你可以同时培养他们的写作和阅读技能”符合此处语境。故选G项。
④根据上文的For example, children can first have a discussion about what they're reading by answering a focus question in writing: "What is the author trying to teach us in this story "和下文的By doing this, you can get a better... 可知,此处起到承上启下的作用,C项“然后,你可以检查他们写下的答案”符合此处语境,故选C项。
⑤根据上文It's a chance for children to put together everything they've learnt in reading lessons and fly using their own wings.可知,E项“但这只有在他们真正花时间阅读的情况下才有效”符合此处语境。故选E项。
五、阅读理解
答案：1-4.BDAD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"But when the owner said a cat's name, the cats reacted strongly. They moved their ears, head or tail, changed their back paw's position. And, course, they miaowed."可知,根据 Saito的研究,主人叫猫的名字会让猫作出强烈的反应。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,研究发现猫也能同狗、海豚等动物一样在人们喊它的名字的时候作出回应。比如,有些狗狗能够分辨出数百个词的不同。但是,不同动物能够识别的词的数量很难进行比较。故选D。
3.词义猜测题。根据第四段的内容可知,得到款待或者拥抱是猫学会如何识别名字的一部分,然而,猫的主人也可能会在消极的场合使用猫的名字,比如对着它大喊大叫,让它离开炉子。由此可以推知,猫可能会学会将这些熟悉的话语与好的和坏的经历联系起来,故选项A符合语境。
4.推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知,只有在积极的语境中使用猫的名字,在消极的语境中使用不同的术语,才能帮助猫和人类更清晰地交流。由此可知,在改善人和猫之间的交流时,人们应该避免“把它们的名字和不好的经历联系起来”。故选D。
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一、词汇运用
1. found 创建，建立；把……建立在
be founded on 建立在……基础上；（建筑物）建立在……上
The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.
中华人民共和国成立于1949年。
2. extraordinary 不一般的，非凡的，意想不到的
an extraordinary memory 非凡的记忆力
extraordinary ideas 离奇的想法
extraordinary passion 特别的热情
3. consequence 结果，后果
accept/ take the consequence 承担后果
in consequence/ as a consequence 因此，所以
in consequence of/ as a consequence of 因为，作为……的结果
Taking risks can have serious consequences.
冒险可能会产生严重后果。
4. encounter 偶然碰到，遇到；邂逅，遭遇
have an encounter with 与……相遇
come across 偶然遇到；偶然发现
We encountered a variety of difficulties in the first week.
我们在第一周遇到各种各样的困难。
5. sum
总结；概括
sum up 总结；概括
sum into/to 共计
to sum up =in sum 总之
金额，款项，总数，总和
二、单词拼写
1.This is absolutely the most disappointing situation I've ever ________(遇到)．
2.We've made __________(非凡的) progress as a society in recent years.
3.Confucius was an extraordinary educator and philosopher, and _________________(建立) Confucianism. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
4.He has been late on ________ (众多的；许多的) occasions. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
5.________(教授), for the most part, are firmly committed to teaching, not research.
三、语法填空
6.After four decades of reform and opening-up, Silicon Valley of China has _____ (gradual) become a global hardware center.
7.This year has seen a number of _____ (remark) business stories in China, including some masters such as Alibaba and Huawei.
8.When fighting with natural disasters, the workers were _____ (passion) and looked for entertainment through competition.
9.Delcourt said, "Liu Cixin is a _____ (genius) who is still undiscovered in France, and I see great possibilities for him."
10.That is to say, investment in fixed assets(固定资产投资) will remain at a _____ (relative) low scale.
四、七选五
Tips to Create Great Readers
Are great readers born or are they made Obviously, children don't enter the world knowing how to understand a text or make a prediction. ①___________ Here are some tips for making children great readers by habit.
② ___________or she will build weaker habits. Intervene (干预) with a targeted question, such as "How does this part of the text help you understand this character " Doing so can prevent poor habits from taking root and build great ones in their place.
Build habits at the moment of writing. Just like adults, children use writing to gather their thoughts about a text and communicate their ideas to others. ③___________ For example, children can first have a discussion about what they're reading by answering a focus question in writing: "What is the author trying to teach us in this story " ④___________ By doing this, you can get a better understanding of what guidance the children will need during the discussion.
Build habits at the moment of reading. Independent reading time is important for any reading programme. It's a chance for children to put together everything they've learnt in reading lessons and fly using their own wings. ⑤___________ So providing a rich class library and letting children know that they are expected to read for the entire period will ensure their success as lifelong independent readers.
五、阅读理解
Scientists have already studied how dogs respond to people's behavior and speech. But researchers are just scratching the surface of human-cat interactions. House cats do appear to respond to the expressions on people's faces. Cats can also tell different human voices. But can cats recognize their own names
Saito, a psychologist at Sophia University in Tokyo, and her colleagues decided to find the answer. They asked the owners of 77 cats to say four nouns of similar length followed by the cat's name. Cats gradually lost interest in each random(随机的) noun. But when the owner said a cat's name, the cats reacted strongly. They moved their ears, head or tail, changed their back paw's position. And, of course, they miaowed.
These findings mean that cats join the ranks of animals that have shown some sort of response in experiments to the names people give them. Those animals include dogs, dolphins, apes and parrots. It's hard to compare the number of words across species, though. Some dogs, for example, can tell the difference between hundreds of human words.
The study makes a strong case that cats are perfectly capable of recognizing their own names. Getting a treat or hug as a reward is part of how cats learn to recognize a name. However, owners may also use their cat's name in a negative setting, like yelling at Fluffy to get off the stove. As a result, cats can probably learn to associate these familiar utterances with good and bad experiences, Saito notes. And that might not be great for human-cat relations. So only using a cat's name in a positive context and using a different term in a negative context could help cats and humans communicate more clearly.
So cats may recognize their names. But will they come when called Don't get your hopes up.
1.What made cats react strongly according to Saito's study
A.Their owners. B.Their own names. C.A random noun. D.A delicious meal.
2.The findings show _________.
A.all dogs will respond on hearing their names
B.it's extremely difficult to tell cats' names from dogs'
C.scientists know how to tell the difference between animals
D.there is difference in the number of words recognized among animals
3.Which of the following could replace the underlined word "utterances" in Paragraph 4
A.words B.situations C.observations D.owners
4.What should people avoid to improve human-cat communication
A.Giving a treat or hug as a reward. B.Calling their name in a positive context.
C.Using a different term in a negative setting. D.Associating their name with bad experiences.
答案以及解析
二、单词拼写
1.答案：encountered
2.答案：extraordinary
3.答案：founded
4.答案：numerous
5.答案：Professors
三、语法填空
6.答案：gradually
7.答案：remarkable
8.答案：passionate
9.答案：genius
10.答案：relatively
四、七选五
答案：DAGCE
解析：①根据上文Obviously, children don't enter the world knowing how to understand a text or make a prediction.可知,D项“他们通过学习好的习惯成长为优秀的读者”符合此处语境,同时呼应空后一句。故选D项。
②根据下文The most critical moment in reading instruction is when children get something wrong. If the child continues practising the skill incorrectly, he or she will build weaker habits.可知,本段讲述的是在犯错的时候培养习惯。故选A项。
③根据下文For example, children can first have a discussion about what they're reading by answering a focus question in writing... 可知,G项“因此,你可以同时培养他们的写作和阅读技能”符合此处语境。故选G项。
④根据上文的For example, children can first have a discussion about what they're reading by answering a focus question in writing: "What is the author trying to teach us in this story "和下文的By doing this, you can get a better... 可知,此处起到承上启下的作用,C项“然后,你可以检查他们写下的答案”符合此处语境,故选C项。
⑤根据上文It's a chance for children to put together everything they've learnt in reading lessons and fly using their own wings.可知,E项“但这只有在他们真正花时间阅读的情况下才有效”符合此处语境。故选E项。
五、阅读理解
答案：1-4.BDAD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"But when the owner said a cat's name, the cats reacted strongly. They moved their ears, head or tail, changed their back paw's position. And, course, they miaowed."可知,根据 Saito的研究,主人叫猫的名字会让猫作出强烈的反应。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,研究发现猫也能同狗、海豚等动物一样在人们喊它的名字的时候作出回应。比如,有些狗狗能够分辨出数百个词的不同。但是,不同动物能够识别的词的数量很难进行比较。故选D。
3.词义猜测题。根据第四段的内容可知,得到款待或者拥抱是猫学会如何识别名字的一部分,然而,猫的主人也可能会在消极的场合使用猫的名字,比如对着它大喊大叫,让它离开炉子。由此可以推知,猫可能会学会将这些熟悉的话语与好的和坏的经历联系起来,故选项A符合语境。
4.推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知,只有在积极的语境中使用猫的名字,在消极的语境中使用不同的术语,才能帮助猫和人类更清晰地交流。由此可知,在改善人和猫之间的交流时,人们应该避免“把它们的名字和不好的经历联系起来”。故选D。
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