2023年中考英语专题 第二章 冠词课件(共45张PPT)

(共45张PPT)
第一部分 名师语法专题
第二章 冠词
01
中考动态
02
名师点拨
03
强化训练
中考动态
课标要求（2022年版） 广东省卷近5年中考统计情况
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
不定冠词a √ √ √ √
不定冠词an
定冠词the √ √
零冠词 √
名师点拨
基础自测 限时小练·自查自纠
(限时:10 min 正确率:_______/25题)
一、在空格中填入a, an, the或/
1.（2022重庆改编）There is _____ bank across from the hospital.
2.（2022毕节改编）Would you like to go to the open air concert at school It will start in _______ hour.
3.（2022贺州改编）She often plays _____ chess on weekends.
4.There is _____ Mr Zhang who wants to see you.
5.What _____ interesting film Me and My Winter Games is!
a
an
/
a
an
6.（2022盘锦改编）My uncle has _______ good habit of swimming every day.
7.The doctor told me to take the medicine twice ______ day.
8.（2022天津改编）After _____ school, I bought _____ present for my mother.
9.（2022齐齐哈尔改编）My brother Tom can play _____ ping pong well, but he can't play ______ violin.
10.Students are expected to master _____ second language.
a
a
/
a
/
the
a
二、翻译下列词块
1.休息一下_______________
2.过着幸福的生活_______________
3.患感冒_______________
4.在去博物馆的路上________________________
5.及时___________ 6.谋生____________
7.在上午_______________ 8.顺便问一下___________
9.在未来_______________
10.在五岁的时候_________________________
11.在花园的中间_________________________
12.吃早餐______________ 13.至少__________
14.事实上_________ 15.同时_______________
have/take a rest
live a happy life
catch/have a cold
on the way to the museum
in time
make a living
in the morning
by the way
in the future
at the age of five (years old)
in the middle of the garden
have breakfast
at least
in fact
at the same time
冠词可以说是名词的一种标志,它不能离开名词单独存在。冠词有两种:a/an叫不定冠词，表示泛指;the叫定冠词，表示特指。
考点精讲 重点难点·分享突破
考点1
不定冠词( a，an)的用法
a用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词之前,an用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词之前(注意:是指读音，不是指字母)。具体用法如下:
此外，不定冠词还可以用于固定词组中。如：
a few 少数；几个 　　　a little 少量； 一点儿　 　
a bit 一点儿　　　 a lot of 许多 take a boat 坐船
take a bus 坐公共汽车 take a bath 洗澡
have a good time 过得开心 have a cold 患感冒
have a fever 发烧 make a living 谋生 in a moment 立刻
as a result 结果 go for a walk 去散步 in a way 在某种程度上
half an hour半小时 in a hurry 匆忙 once upon a time 从前
a与an的区别
（1）a用在辅音音素前，而不是辅音字母前。有些词虽然以元音字母开头，但发音却是辅音音素开头，因此其前用a而不是an。如：
a European country　　　　 a one eyed man　　　　
a useful book a one way road　　　 　　
a usual thing　　　　　 a unit
（2）an用在元音音素前，而不是元音字母前。有些词虽然是以辅音字母开头，但发音却是元音音素开头，因此其前用an而不是a。如：
an honest boy　　　　an hour　　　　an honorable task一项光荣的任务
（3）26个字母中元音音素开头的有12个：a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。
巧学妙记顺口溜（Mr.Li has one fox.）
Li Fang is my deskmate.She is ___1___ top student in our class.She doesn't talk too much, but she is kind and helpful.She thinks helping others makes her happy.
（　　）1.A.a B.an C.the
即学即练 对点巩固·链接中考
A
Once I was asked to read ___2___ passage in an English class.I pronounced some words in such a bad way that my classmates laughed at me.After that, I felt so helpless that I wanted to give up English.When Li Fang knew this, she helped me with my English for half ___3___ hour every day and encouraged me to speak more.With her help, I'm not afraid of making mistakes now and have improved my English __4__ lot.
I feel very proud and lucky to have such __5__ good deskmate.
（　　）2.A.a B.an C./
（　　）3.A.the B.an C.a
（　　）4.A./ B.the C.a
（　　）5.A.a B./ C.the
A
B
C
A
考点2
定冠词the的用法
此外，不定冠词还可以用于固定词组中。如：
all the time 一直　　　　　　　at the same time 与此同时
by the way 顺便问一下 at the bottom of在……的底部 　　
the same as 和……一样 in the morning 在早上/上午
in the middle of 在……的中间　　go to the cinema 去看电影
in the end 最后 at the beginning of在……开始时
当定冠词the与all, half, both, double等词连用修饰名词时， 定冠词应放在这些词之后。如：all the students, half the cake, both the girls等。
In 2021, fifteen wild Asian elephants that left their home in Xishuangbanna and walked north, almost attracted（吸引） __1__ most attention from the public.The endangered Asian elephant enjoys Class A protection in China, __2__ same level as the giant panda does.__3__ number of Asian elephants in China has increased, from 170 in __4__ 1970s to about 300 nowadays.Luckily, the government took action to lead them gradually back to their home.
（　　）1.A.a B.an C.the
即学即练 对点巩固·链接中考
C
In 2021, fifteen wild Asian elephants that left their home in Xishuangbanna and walked north, almost attracted（吸引） __1__ most attention from the public.The endangered Asian elephant enjoys Class A protection in China, __2__ same level as the giant panda does.__3__ number of Asian elephants in China has increased, from 170 in __4__ 1970s to about 300 nowadays.Luckily, the government took action to lead them gradually back to their home.
（　　）2.A.the B.a C./
（　　）3.A./ B.An C.The
（　　）4.A.the B.an C.a
A
C
A
考点3
零冠词(即不用冠词)的用法
此外，零冠词还可以用于固定词组中。如：
go to school/bed/work去上学/去睡觉/去上班　
at night/noon/midnight 在晚上/在中午/在子夜
in class 在课堂上　　for example 例如　　　in time 及时　　　　 in fact 事实上 in danger处在危险中 at home在家里
at work工作时 at least至少 at once立刻；马上
in trouble遇到麻烦 after school 放学后 after class 课后
即学即练 对点巩固·链接中考
“The only constant（不变的事物） in life is change，” Heraclitus said in about 500 B.C.That could be __1__ more true today.We live in __2__ world that is changing every minute.Technology is out of date almost by __3__ time you buy it.We get plenty of information every __4__ day.Francis Bacon said, “Knowledge is power.” In __5__ fact, there is more information in a newspaper than he would have experienced in his whole life.
（　　）1.A.an B.a C./
（　　）2.A.the B.an C.a
C
C
“The only constant（不变的事物） in life is change，” Heraclitus said in about 500 B.C.That could be __1__ more true today.We live in __2__ world that is changing every minute.Technology is out of date almost by __3__ time you buy it.We get plenty of information every __4__ day.Francis Bacon said, “Knowledge is power.” In __5__ fact, there is more information in a newspaper than he would have experienced in his whole life.
（　　）3.A./ B.the C.a
（　　）4.A./ B.a C.the
（　　）5.A.the B./ C.a
B
A
B
对接中考 方法探究·总结规律
1.冠词在语法选择中的考查
语法选择对冠词的考查通常将不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the以及零冠词作为备选项，判断用哪一种冠词主要依据其所修饰的名词、上下文语境以及固定搭配。若该名词表示泛指，则依据其发音选择不定冠词a或an；若表示特指，则用定冠词the；若为固定搭配，则根据其固定用法选择正确选项。
①（2022广东38题）Sometimes when she was so tired that she felt like crying, she would find _____ quiet place and cried aloud.
A.a B.an C.the
A
解析：根据上下文可知，此处是指当她累到想哭的时候，她会找一处安静的地方，大声哭出来。这样的地方是不固定的，即表示泛指，quiet以辅音音素开头，故选A。
②（2021广东35题）Far, far below is a big rushing river.Along the river, there's ______ eight－kilometer－long wooden walkway.People could enjoy the scenery…
A./ B.a C.an D.the
C
解析：根据上下文可知，此处说的是一座架在河上的8千米长的木质走道，表示泛指应用不定冠词，eight－kilometer－long是以元音音素开头的单词，故选C。
③（2020广东38题）Judie's dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite.They made a cross with some wood sticks… The next morning, they took ______ kite to the park and tested it.
A.a B.an C.the D./
C
解析：由于上文中提到了做一个蝴蝶形状的风筝，此处再次提到上文中的风筝，表示特指，用定冠词the，故选C。
2.冠词在短文填空中的考查
短文填空中对冠词的考查可以从句子结构及上下文和固定搭配两方面进行判断。但近三年中考的短文填空未考查冠词。
①由句子结构及上下文判断
（2017广东72题）When the film group meet ______ Smiths, they find that Mr.Smith, Mrs.Smith and their two sons are so crazy about technology that they hardly do things together.
the
解析：句子的下文提到了史密斯先生，史密斯夫人和他们的两个孩子，可知这里用“the＋姓氏复数”来表达“史密斯一家人”，故该空填the。
②由固定搭配判断
（2019广东78题）On the ground of the village, Grandpa Huang has painted _____ lot of well－known Chinese sayings.
a
解析：本题考查固定搭配a lot of，意为“大量；许多”，故该空填a。
强化训练
一、语法选择（2022乐山改编）
Jeff and his wife Mary live in the US. Jeff's favorite food is fish. Whenever he has money, he goes shopping and buys a fish for __1__ dinner. Mary has __2__ number of friends.
（　　）1.A.a B.an C./
（　　）2.A.a B.an C.the
C
1．一日三餐前不加冠词。
A
2．a number of许多。
She always invites her __3__ to have lunch and eat the fish. So when Jeff comes home after work, __4__ fish is never there.When he asks Mary where his fish is, his wife always says, “The cat ate your fish! __5__ bad animal！” Then, she gives Jeff some soup and bread for dinner.Jeff often feels sad about it.But he never blames（责怪） his wife.
（　　）3.A.friend B.friends C.friend's
（　　）4.A.the B.a C./
（　　）5.A.How B.What C.What a
B
4．此处特指Jeff买的鱼，应用定冠词the。
A
C
One evening, __6__ same thing happened again.After a long day's work, Jeff was very __7__ to go home and eat fish.When he got back, Mary told __8__ that the cat had eaten the fish.This time, Jeff was very angry.He had __9__ idea and decided to weigh the cat.He weighed it carefully.Then he __10__ to his wife and said, “My fish weighed 6 kilos.This cat weighs 6 kilos, too.My fish is here, you said.Then where is my cat？” Mary gave Jeff a guilty（羞愧的） look.
（　　）6.A.a B.the C./
（　　）7.A.excite B.exciting C.excited
（　　）8.A.he B.him C.himself
B
C
B
6．the same thing相同的事情。
One evening, __6__ same thing happened again.After a long day's work, Jeff was very __7__ to go home and eat fish.When he got back, Mary told __8__ that the cat had eaten the fish.This time, Jeff was very angry.He had __9__ idea and decided to weigh the cat.He weighed it carefully.Then he __10__ to his wife and said, “My fish weighed 6 kilos.This cat weighs 6 kilos, too.My fish is here, you said.Then where is my cat？” Mary gave Jeff a guilty（羞愧的） look.
（　　）9.A.a B.an C.the
（　　）10.A.turned B.turns C.will turn
B
A
9．have an idea想出一个主意。
短文大意：Jeff很喜欢吃鱼，所以经常买鱼，但是他的妻子总是在他回到家之前邀请朋友来吃鱼。Jeff下班回家后，他的妻子告诉他是猫把鱼吃了。后来Jeff想出了通过称猫的重量来判断究竟是不是猫吃了鱼。
Hand washing with soap can reduce illness.It can keep the virus away from us.One of 1._______ easiest ways to stop the spread of illness is to wash your hands.But many 2.______ child hasn't developed the right habit of hand washing.Children do not wash their 3._________ often enough or long enough.It's such 4._______ simple habit, but the children don't do it.
二、短文填空（2022河南改编）
the
1．one of the＋形容词最高级表示“最……之一”。
a
hands
a
2．many a＋单数名词表示“许多”，相当于many＋复数名词。
4．such a＋形容词＋名词，表示“如此……的一个……”。
Issar and his friend decided to 5.__________ the problem using a fun method.They tried many times and created a tool called Soapen.It turned hand washing into 6.__________ fun activity.
solve
5．solve the problem解决问题。
a
As the name suggests, Soapen is a pen which is made out of soap.The children 7.__________ on hands with the Soapen and then wash the drawing off.The colors will remain on the children's hands 8.__________ they don't spend enough time washing them off.It is very 9.______________ for a teacher in a classroom.After all, not all the teachers have the time to make each child wash his hands properly.
draw
7．根据后半句中的“wash the drawing off”可知孩子们在手上画，故填draw。
if
helpful/useful
8．后半句表示条件，结合句意可知应用if引导。
“Children wash hands much longer now 10.__________ before because they like drawing on hands.Soapen does help children make a good habit of hand washing，” said Issar.
than
短文大意：本文介绍了Issar和他的朋友发明了一种叫Soapen的工具把洗手变成了一种乐趣。
谢谢大家！