2023年中考英语复习 第三部分中考话题突破话题15历史与社会二、 人与社会课件(共53张PPT)

(共53张PPT)
第三部分 中考话题突破
话题15　历史与社会
二、 人与社会
一、 语法选择
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
说明文 177 ★★☆☆ 5 mins ___/10
Du Fu (712—770) is well-known to most of us. He is 1 famous poet in China. However, he has remained 2 unknown in the Western world.
(　 )1. A. a B. an C. the
(　 )2. A. largely B. more largely C. large
A
A
The BBC's 58-minute documentary Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet 3 the excellent poet to Western people. As the first English-language documentary about Du, it compares him 4 Dante and Shakespeare, two of the greatest literature masters of the West.
(　 )3. A. introduced B. introduces C. has introduced
(　 )4. A. on B. for C. to
B
C
In the documentary, a British historian shows Du's life. He visits where Du used to live, such as the 5 birthplace and Du Fu Thatched Cottage(杜甫草堂) in Chengdu, Sichuan. Along the way, he meets and talks to people who help 6 the wonderful stories of the poet.
(　 )5. A. poet B. poet's C. poets'
(　 )6. A. told B. telling C. to tell
B
C
The documentary explains 7 Du's works have been popular for centuries. Du not only cared about his country and people, 8 also celebrating the simple joys of life. He 9 as China's “Saint of Poetry(诗圣)”. He wrote about 1，500 poems that are still with 10 today.
(　 )7. A. where B. what C. why
(　 )8. A. or B. but C. and
(　 )9. A. knew B. was known C. is knowing
(　 )10. A. us B. we C. ours
C
B
B
A
二、 完形填空
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
记叙文 261 ★★★☆ 6 mins ___/10
In the eyes of five-year-old Youyou, his mother is like Ultraman(奥特曼), a superhero in a TV show, who is fighting with bad men every day.
His mother, Lu Jingjing, a 11 at Wuhan Children's Hospital, is now working at a mobile hospital looking after the sick.
Since Lu left home and started to work at the mobile hospital on Feb. 4th, Youyou has kept asking his mother through video call: Mom, how many viruses did you 12 today？
(　 )11. A. cleaner B. cook C. doctor D. driver
(　 )12. A. beat B. discover C. lose D. carry
C
A
While she was 13 the mobile hospital from home, Youyou cried and tried to stop Lu from leaving. Lu patiently 14 to him what the virus is, and told him that she would fight against the virus with the cartoon superhero, Ultraman. “He then cooled down and let me go because in his mind, Ultraman is the 15 in the world and could certainly help me win，” Lu said.
(　 )13. A. returning to B. thinking of
C. leaving for D. learning about
(　 )14. A. turned B. explained C. expressed D. reported
(　 )15. A. shortest B. tallest C. weakest D. strongest
C
B
D
Since then, her 16 keeps asking through video call how many viruses Lu has killed every day and helps her add them up.
(　 )16. A. son B. daughter C. husband D. mother
A
“He may not know 17 about why I'm away from home, but he knows that I'm fighting against the super virus，” she said. “He told me that he had planted an apple tree and would give me some apples as a 18 when I get back. Every time he said ‘Mom, I 19 you’， I couldn't help crying.”
(　 )17. A. clearly B. carefully C. separately D. luckily
(　 )18. A. surprise B. product C. prize D. choice
(　 )19. A. miss B. follow C. cheat D. hate
A
C
A
“We will win the fight against the virus as soon as possible, so that 20 workers and sick people can go back home，” she strongly believed that.
(　 )20. A. historical B. physical C. musical D. medical
D
三、 阅读理解
A
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
应用文 254 ★★☆☆ 5 mins ___/5
There are a great number of museums in Shanghai. However, there are some that you may never have seen before.
Shanghai Chopsticks Museum
This museum is small and cold. It is perhaps the smallest museum in Shanghai. There are different kinds of chopsticks on the first floor collected by the writer Lan Xiang, an old man in his eighties. There is a total of more than 2，000 pairs of chopsticks, among which is a pair of silver chopsticks from the Tang Dynasty.
Tickets: Free
Opening times: 9：00 a.m.—6：00 p.m. (every day)
Telephone: 021-56717528 (telephone booking(预约) is needed)
Shanghai Ink(墨水) Museum
Beginning with the history of ink, the museum, which has only one room, introduces the story of how ink was introduced to Shanghai. The glass box shows plenty of ink and brushes, while the writing on the wall shows the beauty of Chinese calligraphy(书法).
Tickets: Free
Opening times: 9：00 a.m.—5：00 p.m. (no entering after 4：45 p.m.) (from Tue. to Sun.)
Telephone: 021-63281558
The Shanghai Museum of Glass
Shanghai Museum of Glass is a new museum, started in 2011, especially showing the history and beauty of glass. The museum has been built within a factory, which is quite well kept, with different buildings keeping different kinds of glass.
Ticket: 80 yuan
Opening times: 10：00 a.m.—5：00 p.m. (from Tue. to Sun.)
Telephone: 021-66181972
(　 )21. You need to book on the phone first before your visit if you go to____.
A. Shanghai Chopsticks Museum
B. Shanghai Ink Museum
C. Shanghai Museum of Glass
D. Shanghai Chopsticks Museum and Shanghai Museum of Glass
A
(　 )22. When should Susan go if she wants to admire Chinese calligraphy？
A. At 9：30 a.m. on Monday.
B. At 10 a.m. on Wednesday.
C. At 4：50 p.m. on Friday.
D. At 5：10 p.m. on Saturday.
B
(　 )23. How much should Mr. Li pay if he wants to visit Shanghai Museum of Glass with his wife and 9-year-old son？
A. 80 yuan. B. 160 yuan.
C. 240 yuan. D. 320 yuan.
C
(　 )24. Which of the following is NOT true？
A. There are over 2，000 pairs of chopsticks in total at Shanghai Chopsticks Museum.
B. You can call Shanghai Ink Museum at 021-63281558 to know more information.
C. Shanghai Museum of Glass was built within a factory.
D. You can go to three museums mentioned in the passage without paying.
D
(　 )25. Where may you read the passage？
A. In a novel.
B. In a diary.
C. In a travel guide.
D. In a geography book.
C
On May 31st 2021, Chinese government planned to end its two-child per family policy(政策) and instead let families have three children, in order to increase the birth rate(率) and solve the aging population problem.
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
说明文 314 ★★★☆ 6 mins ___/5
B (时文)
China, with the largest population in the world, started the one-child policy in 1980. At the end of 2014, China had a population of 1.36 billion people. About 900 million of them have jobs. However, the number will drop in 35 years. That is to say, the country will be in great need of people who can work by the year 2050.
The government tried to settle this serious problem by beginning relaxing the family planning policy in 2013, when it allowed couples either or both of whom were the only child of their parents to have two children. And in 2016 the government made another change and carried out the two-child policy across the country.
However, the effect was not as pleased as we expected. In May, a report showed a birth rate of just 1.3 children for each woman in 2020, which means we are stepping into an aging society like Japan.
It's said that China now are facing another problem. Nowadays, it has a population of 20 million which is over 80 years of age. That number will be four times more than now in 40 years. Then by 2050, over 400 million Chinese will be above 60 years old, which means one in every four Chinese will belong to the situation.
The three-child policy is a challenge for the whole society, because the young people in the city are experiencing so many matters like job problem, the rising house price that they are no longer interested in giving birth to a second or a third child. So what do you think of the policy？
(　 )26. Why did the government end the one-child policy？
A. Because millions of people have jobs.
B. Because the falling birth rate needs to be stopped.
C. Because most families want to have a second child.
D. Because we need a larger population.
B
(　 )27. What does the underlined word “settle” in Paragraph 3 mean？
A. Solve. B. Show.
C. Hide. D. Understand.
(　)28. The population of over 80 years of age in China will be____after 40 years.
A. 20 million B. 80 million
C. 200 million D. 400 million
A
B
(　 )29. What can we learn from the last paragraph？
A. The aging population will grow quickly.
B. The birth rate will increase.
C. It's easy to deal with the aging problem.
D. More young people don't feel like having kids.
D
(　 )30. Why is the passage written？
A. To show why people have fewer children in China.
B. To explain why population of China is aging.
C. To introduce what three-child policy is.
D. To discuss China's family planning policy.
D
C
配对阅读。左栏是五个人的情况， 右栏是七种外国文化， 请为每个人选择最感兴趣的内容。
词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
260 ★★☆☆ 5 mins ___/5
A. New Year's Day
January 1st. Large celebration. Stay up late to welcome the coming of the new year. Enjoy drinks and food, buy clothing and visit friends.
B. Valentine's Day
February 14th. Sweethearts' day, on which people in love with each other express their love messages.
C. Traffic Rules in America
Keep left! Don't use your horn(喇叭) to express anger.
D. Weather in England
Changeable. Don't be surprised to see Englishmen leave home on a bright, sunny morning with a raincoat or an umbrella.
E. Names and Titles(头衔)
What is in a name？ Can we say Teacher Chen How to use Mr., Miss, Dr. or Prof.？
F. Eating in America
How to use knife and fork Arrive on time or earlier？
G. Christmas
December 25th. The biggest and best-loved holiday in the US. Hang a stocking(长祙) on the bed, put wish cards and colorful lights on the Christmas tree and get presents from Father Christmas.
(　 )31. It is the first time for Mr. Zhang to drive a car with his friends in America.
(　 )32. Chen Fang has celebrated Chinese New Year's Day for times. Now she wants to know about other
countries'.
(　 )33. Tong Da was asked to an American friend's home for dinner. It's new to him.
F
C
A
(　 )34. Edison is falling in love with a beautiful lady, but she doesn't know it.
(　 )35. Miss Xie is going to have a trip in London. She is not sure what kind of clothes she should take.
B
D
四、 短文填空 (时文)
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
说明文 227 ★★★☆ 6 mins ___/10
When we take a plane, we will usually need to use an ID card. It shows our information like our name, date of birth and so on. Everybody knows 36 important it is for our daily life. But now, all we need is just a smart 37 .
how
phone
38 the rapid development of science and technology, the government plans to make ID cards electronic this year. 39 is more convenient for people to get certain things done on a small phone.
With
It
40 railway passengers lose or forget their ID cards, they can get an electronic ID card(eID) on their mobile phone to take the train. In fact, the first electronic ID card was introduced by Alipay four years 41 . It was quite easy to get one by using the Alipay app. People simply chose “Web ID” in the app 42 then followed the instructions. People in Hangzhou, Suzhou and Fuzhou have used the card to check into hotels, 43 tickets and do other tasks since then. And now it has become more popular all over the country.
If
ago
and
buy
Millions of people will be able to use the service soon. It not only 44 time and trouble but also gives another choice. But some people are still 45 about the safety. In fact, nothing is perfect, but high technology and strict laws can solve many problems.
saves
worried
五、 读写综合
A. 回答问题
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
说明文 255 ★★★☆ 5 mins ___/5
“Time travel” has been very popular among young people in recent years. China in Classics gives people a different“historical time travel”.
【2022 香洲模拟改编】 (时文)
At the beginning of Year of the Ox(牛), a new cultural program appeared. It is China in Classics. In the program, Sa Beining uses classics as a boat to guide the people through the long river of Chinese civilization(文明). People today travel to ancient times to see how the ancestors created the classics, and the ancients travel to the present to see how people today live the life created by the classics.
In Shang Shu, Sa Beining and ancient book protectors began a dialogue across time and space. They traveled through Ancient Times, the Shang Dynasty, Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Period, the Han Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty and so on. During the dynasties, they spread the spirit of Shang Shu. In the modern library, they stopped to watch how children today read books.
Sa Beining invited the elderly Song Yingxing to come to the modern society, more than 300 years later. He saw how future generations(后代) continued to write Heavenly Creations about the sky, the earth, and the ocean. Also, he saw people today being rich in food and clothing, and enjoying the coolness. Song Yingxing and Yuan Longping's handshake crossed time and space. When Song Yingxing took over the super rice plant from Yuan Longping, time was still, but space was endless.
The historical and cultural heritage(遗产) is left to us by our ancestors. We should value it and carry it forward.
46. When did people see China in Classics on screen for the first time？
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
47. Who guides viewers to travel in the long river of Chinese civilization？
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
They saw it on screen at the beginning of Year of the Ox for the first time.
Sa Beining guides the viewers to travel in the long river of Chinese civilization.
48. How many historical periods in Shang Shu are mentioned in the passage？
____________________________________________________________
49. What did Yuan Longping pass to Song Yingxing in the program？
____________________________________________________________
50. How should we treat the historical and cultural heritage？
____________________________________________________________
Six/6 historical periods in Shang Shu are mentioned in the passage.
Yuan Longping passed the super rice plant to Song Yingxing.
We should value it and carry it forward.
B. 书面表达
当你跨越时间之门， 打开历史之窗， 你会追随谁的足迹？ 光明中学英语广播站推出一个专题为“My Favorite Historical Figure” 的栏目， 请同学们介绍他们心中最喜欢的中国历史人物， 请你就此写一篇短文投稿。
内容：
1. 介绍他/她的基本情况 (至少两点)；
2. 简述他/她的事迹；
3. 谈谈他/她给你的启发 (至少两点)。
要求：
1. 不能照抄原文， 不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名；
2. 词数 80左右， 作文的开头已给出， 不计入总词数。
※写作方法指导
一、 写什么
二、 怎么写
1. 人称：____________________________________________________
2. 时态：____________________________________________________
第三人称
一般过去时
3. 写作技能提升
(1)实用表达
①Linda didn't buy the book because she thought it too expensive. 琳达没有买那本书， 因为她觉得太贵了。
think sth./sb.＋adj. 觉得某物/某人……
模仿提升： 我觉得他勇敢且机智。
____________________________________________________________
I think him brave and smart.
②Tom is tall enough to reach the apples on the tree. 汤姆足够高， 可以够到树上的苹果。
be＋adj.＋enough to do sth. 足够……做某事
模仿提升： 我们应该足够勇敢去面对所有的困难。
____________________________________________________________
We should be brave enough to face all the difficulties.
(2)实用连接词和过渡语
①so… that 太……以至……
②First,… What's more,… Last but not least,… 首先……另外…… 最后但同样重要的是……
③All in all,… 总而言之……
※写作
My Favorite Historical Figure
In the long history of China, there are many famous historical figures.
One of my favorite historical figures is Qin Shi Huang. He was the founder of the Qin Dynasty, and the first emperor of a unified China. I think him brave and smart.
Qin Shi Huang beat down the six countries of the Warring States Period in ten years. He built the first unified dynasty in Chinese history. He was so great that he changed history.
I learn a lot from Qi Shi Huang. First, everyone should have a dream, and try their best to make it come true. What's more, we should be brave enough to face all the difficulties. Last but not least, keep the spirit of never giving up in mind.
All in all, I will study hard and use my knowledge to make my country stronger.