2023年中考英语复习 第2部分 第9章 被动语态 课件(共37张PPT)

(共37张PPT)
第二部分 语法精讲精练
第九章 被动语态
知识框架
考情分析
考点梳理
技巧点拨
中考集训
语篇训练
考点 题型
语法选择 短文填空
一般现在时的被动语态 / /
一般过去时的被动语态 2020(第32题) 2021(第39题) 2022(第37题) /
一般将来时的被动语态 / /
分析： 广东中考近三年均在语法选择中考查被动语态， 重点考查了一般过去时的被动语态的使用。 学生需在理解语境的基础上正确判断语态、 时态的变化。
考点一　一般现在时的被动语态 ★
肯定结构 am/is/are＋done(过去分词PP)
否定结构 am not/isn't/aren't＋done(过去分词PP)
一般疑问句 把am/is/are放到句首
如： The toy is made in China. 这玩具由中国制造。
I am not allowed to drive, because I'm not old enough. 我不被允许开车， 因为我年龄不够。
Are you told to start at once？你们被告知立刻开始吗？
(　 　)1. The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it____to places across the world every day. 【2022 昆明改编】
A. sends B. sent C. is sent
C
考点二　一般过去时的被动语态 ★★★
肯定结构 was/were＋done(过去分词PP)
否定结构 wasn't/weren't＋done(过去分词PP)
一般疑问句 把was/were放到句首
如： The school was built 100 years ago. 这所学校是100年前建造的。
He wasn't invited to the party. Were you invited 他没有被邀请去聚会。你被邀请了吗？
(　 　)2. Some groups____prizes on April 15, 2022 by the Central Committee of the CYLC(共青团中央). 【2022 成都】
A. were given B. were giving C. will be given
(　 　)3. Last year, a new old people's home____in our community. 【2022 重庆B卷改编】
A. built B. is built C. was built
A
C
考点三　一般将来时的被动语态 ★★
肯定结构 will＋be＋done(过去分词PP)
am/is/are going to be＋done(过去分词PP)
否定结构 won't＋be＋done(过去分词PP)
am not/isn't/aren't going to＋be＋done(过去分词PP)
一般疑问句 把will/am/is/are放到句首
如： The concert will be held next month. 演唱会将于下个月举行。
The work is going to be finished in two days. 这项工作将在两天后完成。
The postcard won't be sent tomorrow. 这张明信片明天不寄了。
Is this kind of question going to be asked in class？这种问题将会在课堂上被提问吗？
(　 　)4. —Sir, I have trouble doing the voluntary work for the 20th Games of Jiangsu Province in Taizhou.
—Don't worry. A lot of support ____ soon. 【2021 泰州改编】
A. is offered B. will be offered C. was offered
B
考点四　被动语态难点及拓展 ★
1. 含有情态动词的被动语态
肯定结构 情态动词(can/should/must等)＋be＋done(过去分词PP)
否定结构 情态动词(can/should/must等)＋not＋be＋done(过去分词PP)
一般疑问句 把情态动词(can/should/must等)放到句首
如： Homework must be finished every day. 作业每天都必须完成。
Students shouldn't be allowed to stay up late. 学生不允许熬夜。
Can the machine be used to clean the house 这个机器可以用来打扫房子吗？
(　 　)5. Some people think trees ____ on Tree Planting Day only.
A. should plant B. should be planted C. should be plant
B
2. 动词短语变成被动语态时， 要保持完整， 不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
如： The old are taken good care of in the old people's home. 老人在敬老院被照顾得很好。
The tent is put up at the top of the mountain. 帐篷在山顶被架起来了。
(　 　)6. China International Search and Rescue(中国国际救援队) has brought help and hope to people in disasters(灾难) around the world since it ____ 21 years ago.
A. set up B. is set up C. was set up
B
3. 省略to的动词不定式， 在被动语态中要还原to。
这类动词有： make使； let让； have使； see看见； watch注视； hear听到； notice注意到； feel感觉起来。
即： make/let/have/see/watch/hear/notice/feel sb. do
→sb. be made/let/had/seen/watched/heard/noticed/felt to do(变成被动语态)
如： The boss makes the workers work for a long time. 老板让工人们工作很长时间。
→The workers are made to work for a long time by the boss. 工人们被老板强迫长时间工作。
(　 　)7. —Clara, you have ____ Journey to the West for two weeks.
—Sorry, I wanted to give it back but was made ____ Dazhou on business last week.
A. borrowed; to leave B. kept; to leave C. kept; leave
　C
4. 不用被动语态的词， 常见的有：
(1)五感官三变化两发生： look看起来， smell闻起来， taste尝起来， feel感觉起来， sound听起来， become变成， get变得， turn变成， happen(偶然)发生， take place(计划)发生
如： The flowers smell nice. 花闻起来很香。(不能用are smelt)
His face turns red. 他的脸红了。(不能用is turned)
Great changes took place in China. 中国发生了巨大变化。(不能用were taken place)
(2)come out出版， belong to属于， break out爆发， spread传播， appear出现， disappear消失等也不用被动语态。
如： The CD came out yesterday. 这张CD昨天出版了。(不能用was come out)
The news spread quickly. 这则消息传播得很快。(不能用was spread)
(3)某些可以和 “well好地， easily容易地， smoothly平滑流畅地” 连用的不及物动词， 且主语是物体， 不用被动语态。这类词有： read读， write写， draw画， wash洗， clean清洁， cook烹饪， sell卖， lock锁， open开， cut切割。
如： This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这种笔写起来很流畅。(不能用is written)
This kind of shirt sells very well. 这种裙子卖得很好。(不能用is sold)
(　 　)8. —The food looked bad, but it ____ OK.
—So we can't judge(评判) a man by his appearance.
A. is tasted B. tasted C. was tasted
B
5. 一些易混淆的被动语态用法
(1)have sth. done＝have sb. do sth. 请别人做某事
如： I have my TV repaired.＝I have someone repair my TV. 我请人修电视。
(2)It is said that…/It is believed that…/It is reported that… 据说/据认为/据报道……
如： It's said that the library has a long history. 据说这个图书馆有悠久的历史。
(3)grow意为 “种植”， 有被动语态； grow意为 “成长， 生长”， 没有被动语态。
如： Rice is grown in the south of China. 水稻被种植在中国南方。
Rice grows well this year. 水稻今年长得很好。(不能用is grown)
(4)sth. need/require doing＝sth. need/require to be done 某物需要/要求做……
如： The flowers need watering.＝The flowers need to be watered. 花需要浇水。
(　 　)9. —Where did you go just now
—I had my watch ____.
A. repair B. repairs C. repaired
C
被动语态与语法选择
(1) 判断主语和谓语的关系是主动还是被动。
Students in the school 37 to get up at 6：45 a.m. to practice their basic skills. 【2022 广东】
( )37. A. ask B. asked C. were asked
解析： 根据句意可知， 此处表示 “学校的学生被要求在早上6：45起床练习他们的基本技能”， 故主语Students in the school和谓语ask应为被动关系， 故选C。
C
(2)根据语境判断被动语态的时态的变化。
Some people 39 to check out the bridge before the opening. Jerry was one of them. 【2021 广东】
( )39. A. are inviting B. are invited
C. were invited D. were inviting
解析： 根据句意可知， 此处表示 “一些人在开幕式之前被邀请去参观这座桥”， 故主语some people和谓语invite应为被动关系。 根据下文 “Jerry was one of them.” 可知， 用一般过去时， 故选C。
C
(　 　)1. His guitar____as a gift for him last week. 【2022 重庆A卷改编】
A. buys B. was bought C. is bought
(　 　)2. Mr. Smith created a new game. Soon all his students _____
rules to play it. 【2022 江西改编】
A. taught B. were taught C. are taught
B　
B　
(　 　)3. On our farm, the tea leaves____by hand when they are ready. 【2022 北京改编】
A. are picked B. were picked C. picked
(　 　)4. A lot of birds____in nature parks every year. 【2022 天津改编】
A. protect B. is protected C. are protected
(　 　)5. Five more clubs____next week to make our school life rich and colorful. 【2022 本溪改编】
A. set up B. are set up C. will be set up
A
C
C
一、 语法选择
Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival. It falls on the 15th day of the first month in Chinese calendar. Also, it 1 “xiaonian” in some parts of China. It marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations.
(　 　)1. A. is called B. was called C. called
A
There are many stories about how Lantern Festival 2 . In one story, lanterns were lighted to celebrate the power of light over darkness. In another story, a town may be broken down but finally it 3 by the light from many lanterns. The story was about a god who wanted to burn down the town. He 4 when he saw thousands of lanterns. He thought the town was already burning.
(　 　)2. A. has started B. started C. was started
(　 　)3. A. saved B. saves C. was saved
(　 　)4. A. fools B. fooled C. was fooled
B
C
C
In the past, lanterns were usually lighted 5 candles and had pictures of birds, animals, flowers and so on. Nowadays, most lanterns 6 with light bulbs (灯泡) and batteries (电池), and they come in many shapes and sizes. In the northeastern part of China, there are even ice lanterns.
(　 　)5. A. in B. by C. among
(　 　)6. A. were made B. were making C. are made
B
C
With a history of over 2,000 years, different traditional activities which 7 during Lantern Festival are loved by people of different ages, including watching lanterns and fireworks, guessing lantern riddles (谜), performing folk dances. The special food for Lantern Festival is yuanxiao, which 8 and served in hot water. Yuanxiao is round in shape so it means people can get together and share happiness.
(　 　)7. A. are held B. hold C. held
(　 　)8. A. was boiling B. is boiling C. is boiled
A
C
My family are looking forward to the next Lantern Festival. We have made some plans for it. During the next Lantern Festival, small lanterns 9 by my father and brothers. Lantern riddles 10 by my sisters. All of my family members will sit together to taste yuanxiao and watch the full moon.
(　 　)9. A. will be made B. will make C. were made
(　 　)10. A. guessed B. are guessed C. will be guessed
A
C
二、 短文填空
One day in ancient Greece, King Hiero asked a crown(王冠) maker to make him a golden crown. At first, he was very happy with it. Later, however, he began to doubt that it was a real golden crown.” Is it 1 of 100% gold？” he wondered. He sent it to Archimedes and asked 2 to find out the truth.
“This problem seems 3 to solve. What should I do？” thought Archimedes.
made
him
difficult/hard
Archimedes was still thinking about this problem as his bath was 4 with water. When he got into the bath, some water ran over.
“That's it！” Archimedes said excitedly. “I know how the problem can be 5 .”
filled
solved
Archimedes went straight to the palace to see the king. First, he weighed the crown and asked the king for some gold of the same weight. Next, he put two pots into two big bowls and filled both pots with water. He put the gold into one pot, and some water ran into the bowl. Then he put the crown into 6 other pot. This time, 7
more water ran into the bowl.
the
even
“Look at this，” said Archimedes to king Hiero. A crown made of 100% gold displaces(溢出) more water than a crown made of gold and another metal. This crown displaced more water than gold of the same weight, 8 I am certain that it's not completely made of gold.
“I was cheated 9 the crown maker. What a bad man he is！” shouted the King Hiero. Then the crown maker 10 sent to prison(监狱).
so
by
was