牛津译林版(2019)必修第三册Unit 4Scientists who changed the world Welcome to the unit & Reading随堂检测（含答案）

Unit 4 Welcome to the unit & Reading
一、选词填空
1.make contributions to, refer to, give up, speed up, pay off, draw on, in short supply, make good use of
1.In order to finish the task on time, the boy _________ his free time to write his paper.
2.Because something unexpected has happened, they'll have to _________their original plan.
3.Since the price of pork keeps going up these days, eggs are _________.
4.As for his advantages over other competitors, he has 20 years' teaching experience to_________.
5.The driver _________ to make up for the hour he'd lost in the traffic jam.
6.Mo Yan _________ literature and was awarded the Nobel Prize.
7.The speaker made full preparations and gave the speech without _________ his notes.
8.I'm greatly confident that efforts will _________ finally if I never give up.
二、翻译
1.显然，他在数学领域取得的成就是不可忽视的。 (it作形式主语）
____________ the achievements he has achieved in the field of math can't be neglected.
2.没有青蒿素，大约20亿病人可能承受着疟疾之苦。（虚拟语气）
Without qinghaosu, ____________.
3.正是因为这些伟大的科学家，我们的社会才会取得如此大的进步。（强调句型）
____________ our society has made such significant progress.
4.如果我要买车，我将不得不动用存款。（draw on)
_________________________________________________
5.如果你好好利用每一分钟的零碎时间，你一定会学好英语。（make good use of)
_________________________________________________
6.我明白如果不加速我就要迟到了。（speed up)
_________________________________________________
三、阅读理解
Wang Daheng, Father of Chinese Optics
In 1949, the field of applied optical(光学的) science didn't exist in China. Understanding its importance for national strength, the Chinese government paid much attention to optical research.
Wang Daheng, a respected optical physicist, devoted his whole life to this cause. He kept watching on the development of China's first piece of optical glass, first electronic microscope, first laser device, and first large-size optical measuring equipment, and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He is called the Father of Chinese Optics.
As a teenager, Wang Daheng often followed his father to the observatory and became greatly interested in the apparatus(仪器) there. In 1936,he graduated from Tsinghua University with a degree in physics. Two years later, he won a government scholarship to study in England. After earning his master's degree from Imperial College London in 1940, he began his doctoral studies in optical physics and technology.
In 1948, Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the West and returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering it(增强它的自主权) through science and technology. At the time China did not have the capability to produce optical measuring equipment on its own. In 1951, Wang was instructed to found an institute of fine mechanics and was appointed its first president. Within less than two years, Wang and his team produced the first group of China-made optical glass. Over the following six years, they went on to develop the country's first electronic microscope, first high-precision theodolite(经纬仪), first optical rangefinder, and five other optical devices, laying the foundation for China's precise optical instrument industry. In 1961, they independently developed the ruby laser in China. In addition to scientific research, Wang advanced the study of optics in higher education.
Starting in the 1960s, Wang participated in the optical research related to the development of nuclear bombs, missiles, and man-made satellites. In 1970, China successfully launched the Dongfanghong I satellite, of which Wang was one of the designers. When the satellite returned to Earth, the devices they designed brought back clear images of our home planet as seen from outer space for the first time.
To close the technological gap between China and developed countries, Wang and three other scientists made the suggestion of drawing up a national hi-tech research and development plan in 1986, which led to the famous 863 Program.
In 1992, Wang and a group of other scientists called for the creation of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. In the following years, he won many honors from the state. He passed away in Beijing aged 96 on July 21, 2011 after living a full and fruitful life.
1.Why did Wang Daheng return to China from the West
A.To earn his master's degree. B.To get together with his family.
C.To make contributions to his country. D.To win honors in his motherland.
2.Why is Wang Daheng called the Father of Chinese Optics
A.Because he drew up the national hi-tech research and development plan.
B.Because he participated in the optical research.
C.Because he was a famous and respected physicist.
D.Because he achieved many firsts in optical engineering.
3.Which word can best describe Wang Daheng
A.Friendly. B.Positive. C.Devoted. D.Humorous.
4.The passage is organized in order of ________.
A.time B.space C.importance .effectiveness
答案以及解析
一、
答案：1. makes good use of
2. give up
3. in short supply
4. draw on
5. sped up
6. made contributions to
7. referring to
8. pay off
二、
1.答案：It is clear that
解析：此处应用固定句型 "It is +形容词+ that从句",其中It作形式主语,that引导的从句为真正的主语。
2.答案：about 200 million patients might suffer from the pain of malaria
解析：without意为“没有”,此处表示与现在事实相反的假设,所以句子谓语动词应用"could/would/should/might+动词原形"。
3.答案：It is because of these great scientists that
解析：本题考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为 "It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分"。本题是对原因状语进行强调。
4.答案：I will have to draw on my savings if I buy a car.
5.答案：If you make good use of every spare minute, you are certain to learn English well.
6.答案：I see I will be late unless I speed up.
三、
答案：1-4.CDCA
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第四段第一句In 1948, Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the West and returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering it(增强它的自主权)through science and technology.(1948年,王大珩放弃了他在西方已确立的事业和舒适的生活,回到祖国,旨在通过科学技术增强祖国的自主权。)可知,王大珩之所以从西方回到中国是为了给祖国做贡献。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的He kept watching on the development of China's first piece of optical glass, first electronic microscope, first laser device, and first large-size optical measuring equipment, and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He is called the Father of Chinese Optics. (他一直关注着中国第一块光学玻璃、第一个电子显微镜、第一个激光装置、第一个大型光学测量设备的发展,并帮助建立了中国工程院。他被称为“中国光学之父”。)可知,王大珩之所以被称为“中国光学之父”是因为他在光学工程方面取得了许多空前的成就。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Wang Daheng, a respected optical physicist, devoted his whole life to this cause.(王大珩是一位受人尊敬的光学物理学家,他毕生致力于这一事业。)并综合后文对他的介绍可知,描述王大珩最好的词语是devoted,意为“专注的,全心全意的,尽心尽力的”。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据第三段中的In 1936、Two years later、 in1940,第四段中的In 1948、In 1951、In 1961以及下文中的in the 1960s、In 1970、in 1986、In 1992、on July 21,2011可以看出,这篇文章是按时间顺序组织的。故选A。
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