牛津译林版(2019)必修第三册Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Extended reading随堂检测（含答案）

Unit 4 Extended reading
一、选词填空
devote oneself to, let sb. down, turn over, as to, take... for granted, put forward, make up one's mind, work on
1.He has spent the last two years _________ a book about environmental protection.
2.He declares that he will _________ the shop _________ to his son when he retires.
3.The boy couldn't _________ whether to try out for the school play.
4.The theory he _________ about the black hole isn't understood by most people.
5.They serve well in this restaurant. _________ dishes, they taste terrible.
6.If you give up the competition, you will _________ your parents _________.
7.It is wrong for some people to _________ having an endless supply of clean water_________.
8.Because he _________ doing his research, he spared no time to spend a weekend with us.
二、翻译
1.It is a ________(道德的) responsibility for young passengers to offer seats to the elderly on buses.
2.Love will always be a topic of universal interest regardless of race, religion or ________(国籍).
3.他们有责任确保制度的执行。（responsibility)
________ ________ ________ ________ to ensure that the rules are enforced.
4.达尔文最终提出了一套生物进化的理论模式。（put短语）
Darwin ________ ________ ________ a model of biological evolution.
5.你有什么要申报的吗？（declare)
Do you ________ ________ ________ ________
6.父母应当参与孩子的教育。（involve)
Parents should ________ ________ ________ their children's education.
三、阅读理解
On October 23, 2018, scientists came across a white octopus (章鱼) with "wings" that looked more like a ghost from outer space than the eight-legged ones we usually see.
The octopus' scientific name is Grimpoteuthis. However, thanks to the two ear-like fins(鳍) on the sides of its body, it is better known as a dumbo octopus, after Disney's animated (把……制作成动画片) elephant. The sea creature also has eight legs connected to its body by a web of skin, which are used to increase the pace when it is faced with natural enemies like sharks. Dumbo octopuses can also move across the seafloor using their tentacles (触须).
While the one caught on tape is mostly white, dumbo octopuses, like other octopuses, can change their skin color in different environments. They, however, do not produce ink which is often used as a weapon by other octopuses. Instead, some dumbo octopuses have developed something sharp on their tentacles.
There are more than a dozen known species of dumbo octopuses. While most are small, measuring between 8 and 12 inches long, some can reach over 6 feet in length. Though octopuses have huge eyes, they can hardly see. However, although dumbo octopuses live in the deepest and darkest parts of the ocean, where nothing can be seen, the lack of sight does not affect them. Instead, they have learned to use the suckers (吸盘) on their tentacles to feel their surroundings.
The deep-sea environment makes these octopuses difficult to spot, which is why any sighting of the unusual creatures is met with such joy. The latest one, caught on camera by Hercules, an unmanned robot, was discovered two miles underwater around the Davidson Seamount, a volcano in California.
1.What can we learn about the white octopus from the passage
A.It looks strange. B.It has no legs.
C.It can fly out of water. D.It is common in the sea.
2.Which of the following are dumbo octopuses good at
A.Taking on different colors. B.Attacking enemies using ink.
C.Seeing things in the darkness with big eyes. D.Protecting themselves with wings.
3.What is the major function of the suckers on dumbo octopuses' tentacles
A.To keep their balance. B.To speed up their pace.
C.To sense their surroundings. D.To take in necessary food.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.The Octopuses Studied by Scientists
B.The Dumbo Octopus Found Around a Seamount in California
C.The Elephant-like Dumbo Octopuses Spotted by Robots
D.A New Species Noticed Around the Davidson Seamount
答案以及解析
一、
答案：1. working on
2. turn ; over
3. make up his mind
4. put forward
5. As to
6. let ; down
7. take ; for granted
8. devoted himself to
二、
1.答案：moral
2.答案：nationality
3.答案：It is their responsibility
4.答案：eventually put forward
5.答案：have anything to declare
6.答案：involve themselves in
三、
答案：1-4.AACB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段On October 23, 2018, scientists came across a white octopus (章鱼) with "wings" that looked more like a ghost from outer space than the eight-legged ones we usually see. (2018年10月23日,科学家们偶然发现了一只长着“翅膀”的白色章鱼,它看起来更像来自外太空的幽灵,而不像我们通常看到的那些八脚章鱼。)可知,科学家发现的白色章鱼长相奇怪。故选A。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句While the one caught on tape is mostly white, dumbo octopuses, like other octopuses, can change their skin color in different environments.(虽然录像中的这只“小飞象章鱼”大部分是白色的,但和其他章鱼一样,“小飞象章鱼”在不同的环境中可以改变它们皮肤的颜色。)可知,“小飞象章鱼”擅长呈现不同的颜色。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段尾句Instead, they have learned to use the suckers (吸盘) on their tentacles to feel their surroundings. (相反,它们已经学会了用触须上的吸盘来感受周围的环境。)可知,“小飞象章鱼”触须上的吸盘主要用于感知周围的环境。故选C。
4.主旨大意题。根据文章尾句The latest one, caught on camera by Hercules, an unmanned robot, was discovered two miles underwater around the Davidson Seamount, a volcano in California.(最新的一次是由无人操控机器人Hercules拍摄的,它是在加利福尼亚戴维森海山附近水下两英里处被发现的,戴维森海山是一座火山。)并结合全文可知,本文主要介绍了科学家在加利福尼亚的一座海底山附近发现的罕见的“小飞象章鱼”。选项B最能概括全文主旨。
2