译林版（2020）必修第三册Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Welcome to the unit & Reading同步课时训练（含答案）

Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World Welcome to the unit & Reading—2022-2023学年高一英语译林版（2020）必修第三册同步课时训练
一、汉译英
1.The whole _____(药草) has a characteristic taste and odour.
2.There is _____(广泛的) support for the government's policies.
3.Patients will be ________(使隔离) from other people for between three days and one month after treatment.
4.One movie is classified as ________(纯粹的) art, the other as entertainment.
5.He'll give a ________(讲座) in Fudan University this evening on translation.
二、选词填空
make contributions to, refer to, give up, speed up, pay off, draw on, in short supply, make good use of
1.In order to finish the task on time, the boy _________ his free time to write his paper.
2.Because something unexpected has happened, they'll have to _________their original plan.
3.Since the price of pork keeps going up these days, eggs are _________.
4.As for his advantages over other competitors, he has 20 years' teaching experience to_________.
5.The driver _________ to make up for the hour he'd lost in the traffic jam.
6.Mo Yan _________ literature and was awarded the Nobel Prize.
7.The speaker made full preparations and gave the speech without _________ his notes.
8.I'm greatly confident that efforts will _________ finally if I never give up.
三、阅读理解
Stephen Wamukota, a nine-year-old from Mukwa village in Western Kenya, is making the headlines worldwide for his creative hand washing machine. The young boy came up with the idea after watching villagers, who do not have easy access to running water and struggle to find an effective way to wash their hands to avoid catching and spreading COVID-19.
Using the few resources he could get—wood, nails, and a bucket—Stephen designed and built a simple but functional washing station. The clever creation, which is made up of two pedals(踏板)—one to release soap and the other to release water—enables villagers to wash their hands in a contact-free way, thus reducing the likelihood of catching the infectious disease.
"I had bought some pieces of wood to make a window frame, but when I came back home after work one day, I found that Stephen had made the machine," his father, James, told the media. "The concept was his, and I helped tighten the machine. I'm very proud." James credits Stephen's building skill to the village school's curriculum(全部课程), which teaches children to construct items from a very young age.
The invention, which went viral after James posted a photo online, has made Stephen an instant celebrity in Kenya. In early June 2020, the country's leader gave Stephen the Uzalendo Award for making significant contributions towards the nation's fight against COVID-19. Stephen has also been promised a full scholarship to a school that can develop his creative talent, by the county governor.
Though thrilled at the unexpected fame and success, Stephen is not satisfied with what he has achieved. The young boy has already built another hand washing machine and plans on adding several more.
1.What inspired Stephen to design the hand washing machine
A.The school project he was working on.
B.The few resources he could use in his house.
C.The difficulty the villagers had keeping their hands clean.
D.The number of the villagers getting infected with the disease.
2.What's the original function of the pieces of wood
A.To make the frame of a window. B.To start a fire to cook meals.
C.To create two pedals of a machine. D.To construct a hand washing machine.
3.What does the underlined phrase "went viral" in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Spread rapidly. B.Disappeared suddenly.
C.Improved immediately. D.Matured gradually.
4.What can we learn from Stephen's story
A.Good fame is better than anything. B.Many hands make light work.
C.A small child can make a big difference. D.Failure is the mother of success.
四、七选五
How AI Protects Us
We should consider AI not as something competing with us, but as something that can strengthen our abilities. ①______ And it might help keep us safe in the 21st century.
Predict infectious diseases.
The AI in medicine is a system that combines the time and location of each new infectious disease. "These are all factors that determine how the diseases will spread," explains a researcher. ②______ It will allow public health officials to take action early for locals.
Shut the door on hunger.
Researchers have developed an automated system aimed at fighting against diseases in crops. The Mcrops project allows local farmers to take pictures of their plants and use computers that have been trained to spot the signs of the four main diseases that are responsible for damaging crops. ③______
Fight cancel.
Cancer causes more than 8. 8 million deaths worldwide and 14 million people are diagnosed with some forms of cancer every year. ④______ Now Google and IBM (International Business Machines Corporation) have been applying their AI technology to solving this problem.
⑤______
The task of balancing power supplies is getting harder. The spread of smart meters—digital energy monitors that automatically record usage—is also providing more data than ever on how and when consumers use energy.
A.Record the locations smartly.
B.Keep the balance of power supplies.
C.Thus, the farmers can have a good harvest.
D.The system can also help to predict the diseases.
E.This is because AI has an ability that's far beyond humans'.
F.But now people have no idea how to deal with the terrible problem.
G.Yet catching cancer as early as possible can greatly improve a patient’s chances of survival.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：herb
2.答案：broad
3.答案：isolated
4.答案：pure
5.答案：lecture
二、
答案：1. makes good use of
2. give up
3. in short supply
4. draw on
5. sped up
6. made contributions to
7. referring to
8. pay off
三、
答案：1-4 CAAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知, 看到村民们没有方便的自来水, 而且很难找到有效的洗手方式来避免感染和传播新型冠状病毒肺炎后, 斯蒂芬想出了这个主意, 故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"I had bought some pieces of wood to make a window frame"可知, A项正确。
3.词义猜测题。本题可以使用代入法, 只有把A项代入后逻辑才成立。即詹姆斯在网上发布了一张照片后, 这项发明"迅速传播", 使得斯蒂芬立刻成为肯尼亚名人。B项意为"突然消失", C项意为"立即改进", D项意为"逐渐成熟", 代入后均不符合语境。
4.推理判断题。本文讲述了年仅九岁的男孩斯蒂芬发明洗手机, 帮助村民防止感染和传播新型冠状病毒肺炎的事迹, 主人公年龄虽小, 贡献却很大, 故选C项(小孩子可以有大影响)。
四、
答案：EDCGB
解析：①设空处前后都是在解释人工智能可能给予我们的帮助。E选项解释了为什么我们应该把人工智能看作是增强我们能力的东西,承接上文,符合语境。故选E项。
②该空前说医学上的人工智能能够结合传染性疾病暴发的时间和地点,而这些都是决定传染病蔓延的重要因素。D项(该系统也能帮助预测疾病)与空前形成递进关系。diseases 为关键词;其次,空后“这将使公共卫生官员尽早地为当地人采取措施”是D项中提到的人工智能预测疾病功能的具体作用。故选D项。
③该空为本段的结尾句,空前主要介绍了研究人员开发了一个自动化系统,旨在对抗农作物疾病,而其目的就是提高农民的收成。故选C项,呼应本段小标题。
④本段小标题为 Fight cancer.,空前内容说明每年癌症导致全球超过880万人死亡, 1,400万人被诊断出患有某种癌症。此处应填与解决癌症高发这一问题相关的句子。G项(而尽早发现癌症可以极大地提高病人的生存机会)符合语境。cancer 为关键词。故选G项。
⑤设空处为段落的小标题。按照前几个小标题的句子结构可知,此处应选择祈使句。根据本段第一句话 The task of balancing power supplies is getting harder. 可知,平衡电力供应的任务越来越艰巨。后文又介绍了智能(电)表的用处,由此可以推断出本段主要说明了人工智能通过智能(电)表的形式来帮助人们保持能源供应平衡。B项(保持电力供应的平衡)能够概括段意。 power supplies 为关键信息。
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