译林版(2020)必修第三册Unit 4 Scientists who changed the worldWelcome to the unit & Reading同步课时作业（10）（含答案））

Unit 4 Welcome to the unit & Reading
一、填空
1.Patients will be ________(使隔离) from other people for between three days and one month after treatment.
2.One movie is classified as ________(纯粹的) art, the other as entertainment.
3.Scientists have collected more ________(数据) than expected.
4.He'll give a ________(讲座) in Fudan University this evening on translation.
5.Food will last longer if kept in an airtight ________(容器).
6.I have made ________(试用) of this method, both in small and in large.
7.I've never cooked this before so it's an ________(试验).
8.In ________(理论), these machines should last for ten years or more.
9.The arrangement of light industry in the ________(省份) needs adjustment.
10.She took a ________(广泛的) view of the duties of being a teacher.
11.This article is ________(提取) from his new book.
12.显然，他在数学领域取得的成就是不可忽视的。 (it作形式主语）
____________ the achievements he has achieved in the field of math can't be neglected.
13.没有青蒿素，大约20亿病人可能承受着疟疾之苦。（虚拟语气）
Without qinghaosu, ____________.
14.等警察到达时，那人已逃走了。(by +时间状语）
____________, the man had fled.
15.正是因为这些伟大的科学家，我们的社会才会取得如此大的进步。（强调句型）
____________ our society has made such significant progress.
二、阅读理解
While the temperature in Chicago on March 4, 2018 was 5 degrees, the water was even colder — 2 degrees. That didn't stop over 4,800 people on North Avenue Beach jumping into Lake Michigan.
The Chicago Polar Plunge is a yearly event to raise money for Special Olympics Chicago. Each of the participants (参与者) collect at least $ 200 from friends and family members to get the chance to jump into the lake's icy water. More than $ 1.5 million was raised for a great cause: Special Olympics Chicago and the over 7,500 athletes it serves.
Special Olympics, a nonprofit organization, was founded in 1968. The group's purpose is to provide athletic training and competition in 22 sports for children and adults with intellectual disabilities (缺陷).
After some initial speeches, the first group of participants ran into the lake. Many of the participants were members of teams that dressed up in costumes (服装), including Minions and Waldo from the Where's Waldo book series.
Chloe Krecun, 12, from Chicago, was shaking when she got out of the water. "I can't feel my feet or fingers and my shoes are filled with water," she said afterwards. But she would do it again to support the Special Olympic athletes.
As other participants headed towards the water to "take a plunge", one of them shared why he participated in the event. "My cousin has benefited from the Special Olympics, so my family and I are here to support him by plunging," said Brandon Marty.
Brunida Cotton, a special education teacher, was also paying attention to the Special Olympics as she prepared to plunge. "It gives the athletes confidence; they belong to a team and they enjoy being able to do things other kids do," Cotton said.
1.What do we know about the Chicago Polar Plunge
A.It involves more than 7,500 athletes.
B.It was first held in 1968.
C.It asks participants to wear costumes.
D.It requires each participants to collect $ 200 or more.
2.How did Chloe Krecun find her experience in the water
A.Comfortable. B.Challenging. C.Dangerous. D.Exciting
3.Why did Brandon Marty take part in the event
A.To support his cousin.
B.To encourage others to join in the activity.
C.To collect money for the Special Olympics.
D.To get a chance to enter the Special Olympics.
4.What does this passage mainly talk about
A.An introduction of the Special Olympics. B.A speech to encourage people to help others.
C.A report about a plunging event. D.An action to raise money for athletes.
三、七选五
Light in a bottle
This is such a simple idea! It's a special lamp that needs and costs nothing to run. It wasn't invented by a famous scientist, but by a man called Alfredo Moser in Brazil sixteen years ago. In his hometown at the time, they had problems with electricity. ①________ One day, Moser and his friends were talking about how they could create a signal in an emergency. One of them suggested using a bottle to reflect the light from the sun. This made Moser think. ②________
All you need is a clean plastic bottle. Fill it with water and close it with a black top. The black top attracts the sun. A drop of bleach (漂白剂), the kind you use to clean the house, is added to the water to keep it clean. Then a small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light, and the bottle is pushed through the hole. ③________ It's much stronger than the light from a candle!
Moser shared his idea with his neighbours and his light bottles were fixed in the local supermarket. Ten years later, the MyShelter Foundation in the Philippines heard about Moser's idea. ④________ Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140,000 homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries, too. ⑤________ Moser lamps have surely made life easier for a lot of people!
A. Why not use water to make light
B. In India, the bottles are used in countryside schools.
C. Moser is very good at making things around the home.
D. People's homes and small businesses were often left in the dark.
E. Following Moser's method, the organization started making this kind of lamp in 2011.
F. While there's sunlight outside, the light will be carried through the water into the room below.
G. The MyShelter Foundation also offers training to people who want to earn money by fixing the lamps in their communities.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：isolated
2.答案：pure
3.答案：data
4.答案：lecture
5.答案：container
6.答案：trial
7.答案：experiment
8.答案：theory
9.答案：province
10.答案：broad
11.答案：extracted
12.答案：It is clear that
解析：此处应用固定句型 "It is +形容词+ that从句",其中It作形式主语,that引导的从句为真正的主语。
13.答案：about 200 million patients might suffer from the pain of malaria
解析：without意为“没有”,此处表示与现在事实相反的假设,所以句子谓语动词应用"could/would/should/might+动词原形"。
14.答案：By the time the police arrived
解析：根据句意和主句中使用了过去完成时可知,从句应用一般过去时。
15.答案：It is because of these great scientists that
解析：本题考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为 "It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分"。本题是对原因状语进行强调。
二、
答案：1-4.DBAC
解析：1.考查细节理解。 由第二段中的 "Each of the participants(参与者)... the chance to jump into the lake's icy water" 可知,如果人们想获得参与机会,必须从朋友和家人那里筹集至少200美元。
2.考查推理判断。由第五段中的 "was shaking when she got out of the water. .. and my shoes are filled with water" 可知,她从水里出来之后,全身发抖,手脚冻得没有了知觉,鞋子里也灌满了水。由此可推断出,跳入冰冷的水中对她来说具有挑战性。
3.考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的 "My cousin has benefited from the Special Olympics, so my family and I are here to support him by plunging" 可知, Brandon Marty来参加活动是为了以示支持。
4.考查主旨大意。综合全文可知,本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了2018年的芝加哥极地跳水活动,对这项活动进行了简单介绍,描述了当天的气温以及人们的参与情况等,同时也描述了部分参与者参加活动的初衷和感受。
三、
答案：DAFEB
解析：①根据上文In his hometown at the time, they had problems with electricity.(当时在他的家乡,电能出现了问题。)可以判断,空处介绍该问题导致的结果:人们的家和小企业经常处在黑暗中。故选D项。
②上文提到This made Moser think. (这让莫泽思考。),空处承上启下,说明思考的内容:为什么不用水来发光呢 故选A项。
③根据上文Then a small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light, and the bottle is pushed through the hole.(然后在你想要光线的房间的屋顶上开一个小洞,把瓶子推进洞里去。)可以判断,空处解释这样做的原因:当外面有阳光的时候,光线会通过水进入下面的房间。故选F项。
④根据下文 Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140,000 homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries, too.(现在,在菲律宾超过140,000个家庭安装了莫泽灯,这个主意也传播到了其他一些国家。)可以判断,空处介绍形成这种结果的原因,故选E项。
⑤根据上文 Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140,000 homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries, too.(现在,在菲律宾超过140,000个家庭安装了莫泽灯,这个主意也传播到了其他一些国家。)可知,空处介绍其他国家使用这种灯的情况,B项介绍了印度使用这种灯的情况,故选B项。
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