牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance Grammar and usage& Integrated skills随堂检测（含答案）

Unit 1 Nature in the balance Grammar and usage& Integrated skills
一、汉译英
1.We regret to inform you that your ________(申请) has not been successful.
2.This cultural relic represents the Tibetan civilization, which is the reason why it appears on this travel________(小册子).
3.You can be involved in any manner; even volunteering for an ________(组织) can help you be more social.
4.He said this would help Chinese businesses better adapt to the current _____(全球的) business environment.
5.The new technology involves the _____(应用) of 5G, big data and cloud systems.
二、填空题
6.You shouldn't go to his party unless ________ (invite).
7.Press the enter key and the __________(apply) form will be displayed on the screen.
8.You can't imagine what difficulty we had ___________(walk) home in the snowstorm.
9.She opened her mouth as if ___________(say) something.
10.At age 16 Lucy lived with her _________(devote) aunt Iris in Waltham, Massachusetts.
三、阅读理解
As the school year barely starts in Denver, French teacher Melanie is filled with worry that her students are always absent-minded. Yet, the problem isn't messaging, enjoying video games or delivering notes. Surprisingly, the problem is about the ongoing heat wave in Denver.
"Today was a little bit hot, so I noticed that kids were very sleepy and they had to get up to drink water quite often," said Melanie, who works at Denver's East High School. "If you lose too much water, you have to keep going to the water fountain, which can take away from their classroom experience." While nodding off in class on a warm day may seem acceptable for average teens, Melanie's observation carries a bigger consequence than dry lips.
"There have been quite a few media reports about teachers noticing that students weren't able to focus on hotter days," said R Jisung Park, a researcher. "Does a hotter climate during the school year actually affect the rate of learning " The drop in academic achievements couldn't be explained by hotter weekends or hotter summers, but the trend was connected to higher temperatures on school days alone.
The connection between lost learning and a greater number of hot days is one more example of how climate change is already affecting our lives--and it's an alarm bell for what we stand to lose in the future. Humans still have time to lessen the negative consequences of continued global warming. Without any important changes in the next 10 years, the globe will be trapped in an unavoidable era of heat waves that were unprecedented for human beings.
1.What may cause students to be absent-minded according to the text
A.Video games. B.Text messages. C.Heat waves. D.Classroom notes.
2.What can be inferred from the second paragraph
A.Kids often go to the water fountain for lack of water.
B.Extreme heat may lower a kid's ability to learn.
C.Nodding off in class is a sign of respecting teachers.
D.Kids are more interested in drinking water than sleeping.
3.How does the author feel about dealing with the future global warming
A.Optimistic. B.Uncertain. C.Worried. D.Indifferent.
4.What does the text mainly talk about
A.The way that global warming continues.
B.The reasons why kids are absent-minded in class.
C.The hotter it grows, the more focused kids become.
D.The hotter it grows, the harder it will be for kids to learn.
四、语法填空
A lot of people feel overwhelmed when trying to make changes that help the planet. Conservation psychologist Janet Swim from the Pennsylvania State University says people often think their actions won't have enough of an impact on matters. "It's like, 'What can I do It's just me.'" ①_________ it does matter a lot. "It's just like voting," ②_________ psychologist says.
"I vote. I'm only one person. But that is an important step ③_________ (take). We work together as a collective to do things." And there's the multiplier effect. "Small behavior matters particularly, especially when ④_________ (accumulate)," Swim says. Household behavior ⑤_________ (actual) can make a substantial difference in ⑥_________ (reduce) greenhouse gas emissions, according to researchers from Michigan State University and Vanderbilt University. Most of that potential comes from adopting energy-efficient behavior. Their research lists the most practical 17 steps ⑦_________ each American can take, including carpooling, weatherizing houses and driving fuel-efficient ⑧_________ (vehicle). If every American ⑨_________ (take) these steps, according to these researchers, the total U.S. household emissions will be cut by 20% over ten years—an amount equal ⑩_________ the entire emission output of France.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：application
2.答案：brochure
3.答案：organization
4.答案：global
5.答案：application
二、
6.答案：invited
解析：考查状语从句的省略。分析可知his party后边是状语从句的省略形式,其完整形式为unless you are invited,省略了you are,故填invited,句意:除非受到邀请,否则你不应该去参加他的聚会。
7.答案：application
解析：考查名词。固定搭配: application form申请表。故填application,句意:按回车键,申请表格将显示在屏幕上。
8.答案：walking
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:你无法想象我们在暴风雪中步行回家有多么困难。have difficulty in doing sth.中的介词in可以省略，故填walking。
9.答案：to say
解析：考查省略。句意:她张开嘴好像要说什么。as if to say something是as if she was going to say something的省略。
10.答案：devoted
解析：考查形容词。分析可知空格处在句中作定语修饰名词aunt,需用形容词,再根据语境可知此处表达“挚爱的”,故填devoted,句意:16岁时,露西和深爱着她的姑姑艾丽斯一起住在马萨诸塞州的沃尔瑟姆。
三、
答案：1-4.CBCD
解析：1.细节理解题。依据第一段最后一句 Surprisingly, the problem is about the ongoing heat wave in Denver. 可知,导致学生心不在焉的是炎热的天气。故选C项。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段可知,天气热的时候学生们在上课期间会昏昏欲睡并增加起身去喝水的次数,由 which can take away from their classroom experience 可知,这会影响他们对课堂的投入程度。由此可推断髙温会降低学生的学习能力。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。由最后一段最后两句可知,作者认为人们依然有时间去降低持续的全球变暖带来的恶果,但如果未来十年内没有重大的改变,整个地球将会无可避免地陷入“热浪时代”。由此可知,作者对未来人们如何应对全球变暖这一问题是持担忧态度的。故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。文章以丹佛为例,阐述了高温天气使得学生的学习精力被分散,学习能力下降的事实。故选D项。
四、
答案：But ; the ; to take ; accumulating ; actually ; reducing ; that ; vehicles ; takes ; to
解析：①考查连词。根据语境可知空格处前后之间为转折关系,故填But,句意:但这确实很重要。
②考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的保护心理学家Janet Swim,故应用定冠词the。
③考查非谓语动词。分析可知空格处作定语修饰名词step,表示“一个需要采取的重要措施”,step后常用不定式作定语,故填to take。句意:但那是一个需要采取的重要措施。
④考查省略。分析可知when _______ 为状语从句的省略形式,其完整形式为when (it is) accumulating。故填accumulating。句意:小的行为尤为重要,尤其是当这种行为积聚时。
⑤考查副词。分析可知空格处作状语,应用副词形式,故填actually。句意:密歇根州立大学和范德堡大学的研究人员称,家庭行为在减少温室气体排放方面实际上可以产生重大影响。
⑥考查非谓语动词。介词in后应用动名词,故填reducing。句意同上。
⑦考查定语从句的引导词。分析可知空格处引导定语从句,修饰先行词steps,在从句中作宾语,且先行词前有形容词最高级修饰,关系代词应用that。句意:他们的研究列出了每个美国人都可以采取的最实用的17项措施,其中包括拼车、为房屋进行保温以及驾驶节能汽车。
⑧考查名词的数。vehicle为可数名词,前面没有冠词,需用复数形式。故填vehicles,句意同上。
⑨考查动词的时态及主谓一致。分析可知空格处是从句的谓语,主句是一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时表将来,且从句的主语every American是单数,故填takes句意:这些研究人员称,如果每个美国人都采取这些措施,美国家庭的总排放量将在10年内减少20%,相当于法国的总排放量。
⑩考查介词。固定短语: be equal to与……相等,相当于。故填to,句意同上。
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