牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Grammar and usage & Integrated skills随堂检测（含

Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
一、汉译英
1.Local people are questioning the _________(明智) of spending so much money on a new road.
2.Statistics _________(表明) that depressed patients are more likely to become ill than normal people.
3.It is an effective treatment for the _________(细菌) and does kill them off.
4.She was involved in a serious car _________ (事故) last week.
5.It remains to be seen if the show will find _________(喜爱） with an audience.
二、选词填空
with a bang, show off, go off, make a difference, come up, due to
1.Changing schools could ________ to my life.
2.He arrived at the office late this morning ________ the heavy rain.
3.The thieves ran away hurriedly when the alarm ________.
4.The subject of exercise and nutrition ________ at last week's class meeting.
5.Henry hasn't missed a chance to ________ his muscles to others since being praised for his strong figure.
6.The team won their last four games, ending the season ________.
三、阅读理解
There's nothing magical about the number 10,000. In fact, the idea of walking at least 10,000 steps a day for health goes back many years to a marketing campaign started in Japan for the sale of pedometers(计步器).And, in the years that followed, it was accepted in the US as a goal to pursue good health. It's often the default setting (默认设置) on fitness trackers, but what's it really based on
"The original basis of the number was not scientifically determined," says I-Min Lee, a researcher of Brigham and Women's Hospital. She was curious to know how many steps we need to take a day to maintain good health and live a long life, so she and her workmates designed a study that included about 17,000 elderly women. Their average age was 72. The women all agreed to wear devices to track their steps as they went about their day-to-day activities.
It turns out that women who took about 4,000 steps per day got an increase in longevity (长寿), compared with women who took fewer steps. In fact, women who took 4,400 steps per day, on average, were about 40 percent less likely to die during the follow-up period of about four years compared with women who took 2,700 steps. The findings were published Wednesday in JAMA Internal Medicine.
Another surprise: The benefits of walking maxed out at about 7,500 steps. In other words, women who walked more than 7,500 steps per day saw no additional increase in longevity.
Janz, who helped shape the new national exercise recommendations, says the message that comes from this study is encouraging. "I think it's really good news for women who may not be particularly active," says Janz. "All they have to do is walk. To me, this study suggests there are more benefits of light exercise than we were previously thinking there might be."
1.How did the idea of walking at least 10,000 steps a day come into being
A.It was made up by a group of elderly women.
B.It was indeed the result of a scientific study.
C.It actually came from a business advertisement.
D.It was based on a test by both Japan and the US.
2.Which is an ideal choice for women walkers according to the study
A.2,700 steps. B.4,400 steps. C.10,000 steps. D.17,000 steps.
3.In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage
A.Health. B.Culture. C.History. D.Tourism.
四、语法填空
①________(die) of a broken heart sounds like the ending of a story. But it actually happens. The "broken heart syndrome (心碎综合征)", ②________ (official) called Takotsubo Syndrome, or TTS, involves the sudden weakening of heart muscles. This causes the left ventricle(心室), which pushes oxygen-rich blood through the body, ③________ (expand) abnormally at the bottom.
The scientific community has studied how unexpected emotional shock can cause a heart attack. These events are usually unpleasant, such as the death of a family member or a violent ④________ (argue). Recently, however, researchers discovered that even ⑤________ (delight) events can give the same result. A team of researchers in Switzerland ⑥________ (collect) data of 1,750 cases of Takotsubo Syndrome. The team found that emotional shock caused 485 of those 1,750 cases. And within that group of 485 , ⑦________ total of 20 people could be said to have suffered from "happy heart syndrome", ⑧________ causes include a favourite team winning a game and the birth of a grandchild. ⑨________ interesting finding is that TTS affects mostly women.
Happy and sad life events are, of course, very different. ⑩________ (far) studies are also needed to figure out if both events share the same pathway in the central nervous system for causing Takotsubo Syndrome.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：wisdom
2.答案：indicate
3.答案：bacteria
4.答案：accident
5.答案：favour
二、
答案：1. make a difference
2. due to
3. went off
4. came up
5. show off
6. with a bang
三、
答案：1-3.CBA
解析：1.考查细节理解。由文章第一段中的"In fact, the idea of walking at least 10,000 steps a day for health goes back many years to a marketing campaign started in Japan for the sale of pedometers (计步器)"可知,为了健康每天至少走10 000步的想法可以追溯到多年前日本开始的一项销售计步器的营销活动。由此说明一天至少走10 000步的概念来自广告。故选C项。
2.考查推理判断。由第三段中的"It turns out that women who took about 4,000 steps per day got an increase in longevity (长寿), compared with women who took fewer steps"和第四段中的"women who walked more than 7,500 steps per day saw no additional increase in longevity" 可知,实验结果表明,每天走大约4 000步的女性比每天走更少步的女性寿命更长,而每天步行超过7 500步的女性其寿命并没有增加。综合选项可知,应选B项。
3.考查推理判断。本文主要介绍了人们每天走的步数与健康和长寿的关系,因此最有可能出现在有关身体健康的报纸栏目上。 故选A项。
四、
答案：Dying ; officially; to expand ; argument; delightful; collected ; a; whose; Another; Further
解析：①sounds为句子的谓语动词,动词die在此处作句子的主语成分,应用动名词形式。故填 Dying。
②此处修饰动词called,应用副词。故填 officially。
③cause sb/ sth to do sth为固定搭配,意为“致使某人/某物做某事”,故填 to expand。
④argument根据空前的a可知,此处应填可数名词的单数形式,故填 argument。
⑤此处修饰名词 events,应用形容词,表示“令人高兴的事情”,故填 delightful。
⑥此处是句子的谓语动词,结合语境和下一句中的 found可知,“收集”这一动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填 collected。
⑦a total of...为固定搭配,意为“总计有……”,故填a。
⑧该空前后两个分句之间无连词连接,结合语境可知,此处应为非限制性定语从句,先行词为“happy heart syndrome从句缺少名词 causes的定语,应用关系代词 whose引导该从句,故填whose。
⑨句意为:另外一个有趣的发现是受心碎综合征的影响的主要是女性。根据上文中的 The team found可知,此处应表示“另一个研究发现”,故填 Another。
⑩句意为:科学家还需要做进一步的研究来确定这两种事件在中枢神经系统中是否共用同一神经通路导致心碎综合征。根据语境可知,此处表示“进一步的研究”,故填 Further。
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