牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Welcome to the unit& Reading随堂检测（含答案）

Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Welcome to the unit& Reading
一、翻译题
1.显然，他在数学领域取得的成就是不可忽视的。 (it作形式主语）
____________ the achievements he has achieved in the field of math can't be neglected.
2.等警察到达时，那人已逃走了。(by +时间状语）
____________, the man had fled.
3.Mike和他的团队是第一批展示这种疾病如何从动物传播到人类的人。(the first +名词+ to do)
Mike and his team were ____________ how the disease spread from animals to human.
4.她在20世纪60年代成为家喻户晓的人物。（household)
She _________ _________ _________ _________ in the 1960s.
5.她总是称本为“那个大好人”。（refer)
She always _________ _________ Ben _________ "that nice man".
二、选词填空
make contributions to, refer to, give up, speed up, pay off, draw on, in short supply, make good use of
1.In order to finish the task on time, the boy _________ his free time to write his paper.
2.Because something unexpected has happened, they'll have to _________their original plan.
3.Since the price of pork keeps going up these days, eggs are _________.
4.As for his advantages over other competitors, he has 20 years' teaching experience to_________.
5.The driver _________ to make up for the hour he'd lost in the traffic jam.
6.Mo Yan _________ literature and was awarded the Nobel Prize.
7.The speaker made full preparations and gave the speech without _________ his notes.
8.I'm greatly confident that efforts will _________ finally if I never give up.
三、阅读理解
While the temperature in Chicago on March 4, 2018 was 5 degrees, the water was even colder — 2 degrees. That didn't stop over 4,800 people on North Avenue Beach jumping into Lake Michigan.
The Chicago Polar Plunge is a yearly event to raise money for Special Olympics Chicago. Each of the participants (参与者) collect at least $ 200 from friends and family members to get the chance to jump into the lake's icy water. More than $ 1.5 million was raised for a great cause: Special Olympics Chicago and the over 7,500 athletes it serves.
Special Olympics, a nonprofit organization, was founded in 1968. The group's purpose is to provide athletic training and competition in 22 sports for children and adults with intellectual disabilities (缺陷).
After some initial speeches, the first group of participants ran into the lake. Many of the participants were members of teams that dressed up in costumes (服装), including Minions and Waldo from the Where's Waldo book series.
Chloe Krecun, 12, from Chicago, was shaking when she got out of the water. "I can't feel my feet or fingers and my shoes are filled with water," she said afterwards. But she would do it again to support the Special Olympic athletes.
As other participants headed towards the water to "take a plunge", one of them shared why he participated in the event. "My cousin has benefited from the Special Olympics, so my family and I are here to support him by plunging," said Brandon Marty.
Brunida Cotton, a special education teacher, was also paying attention to the Special Olympics as she prepared to plunge. "It gives the athletes confidence; they belong to a team and they enjoy being able to do things other kids do," Cotton said.
1.What do we know about the Chicago Polar Plunge
A.It involves more than 7,500 athletes.
B.It was first held in 1968.
C.It asks participants to wear costumes.
D.It requires each participants to collect $ 200 or more.
2.How did Chloe Krecun find her experience in the water
A.Comfortable. B.Challenging. C.Dangerous. D.Exciting
3.Why did Brandon Marty take part in the event
A.To support his cousin.
B.To encourage others to join in the activity.
C.To collect money for the Special Olympics.
D.To get a chance to enter the Special Olympics.
4.What does this passage mainly talk about
A.An introduction of the Special Olympics. B.A speech to encourage people to help others.
C.A report about a plunging event. D.An action to raise money for athletes.
四、完形填空
I'm Alina Morse, a fifth grader from Michigan. I have always wanted to 1 my own business. Since I was about four years old, I have been writing a journal of business ideas.
During a trip to the bank with my dad, a teller 2 me a sugary lollipop(棒棒糖). I love candy. 3 , my dad had told me that too much sugar was bad for my teeth. So I asked, "Why can't we make some 4 lollipops " At last, I 5 my family — both of my parents have professional experience in sales and marketing — to get my idea 6 the ground.
Our first step was research. We spoke to 7 and food scientists. We went into stores and searched online for information. We 8 that tooth decay (牙) was being a serious problem in America. Then we decided to make lollipops with the teeth cleaning materials at home but it didn't 9 So we found a factory.
The idea quickly 10 I started a company that sells Zollipops, a kind of sugar-free lollipop, to help 11 the risk of tooth decay. Its sales were topping $ 70,000 in 2014 and increasing more than four times in 2015, 12 $ 100,000. We have been working to make the lollipops more stable and less 13 in hot or wet environments. We are very 14 because the new Zollipops will be 15 later this year.
1.A.set up B.carry on C.put off D.take over
2.A.bought B.awarded C.ordered D.offered
3.A.However B.Instead C.Otherwise D.Besides
4.A.tasty B.healthy C.popular D.good-quality
5.A.attended to B.backed up C.relied on D.stood by
6.A.off B.beyond C.against D.into
7.A.dentists B.physicists C.chemists D.psychologists
8.A.suspected B.assumed C.concluded D.complained
9.A.end B.act C.fail D.work
10.A.paid up B.paid off C.paid back D.paid out
11.A.reduce B.remove C.avoid D.involve
12.A.costing B.valuing C.making D.hitting
13.A.harmful B.sticky C.sweet D.poisonous
14.A.astonished B.confused C.appreciative D.excited
15.A.drawing out B.sending out C.coming out D.giving out
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：It is clear that
解析：此处应用固定句型 "It is +形容词+ that从句",其中It作形式主语,that引导的从句为真正的主语。
2.答案：By the time the police arrived
解析：根据句意和主句中使用了过去完成时可知,从句应用一般过去时。
3.答案：the first people to show
解析：名词被序数词修饰时,其后应用动词不定式作定语。
4.答案：became a household name
5.答案：refers/referred to; as
二、
答案：1. makes good use of
2. give up
3. in short supply
4. draw on
5. sped up
6. made contributions to
7. referring to
8. pay off
三、
答案：1-4.DBAC
解析：1.考查细节理解。 由第二段中的 "Each of the participants(参与者)... the chance to jump into the lake's icy water" 可知,如果人们想获得参与机会,必须从朋友和家人那里筹集至少200美元。
2.考查推理判断。由第五段中的 "was shaking when she got out of the water. .. and my shoes are filled with water" 可知,她从水里出来之后,全身发抖,手脚冻得没有了知觉,鞋子里也灌满了水。由此可推断出,跳入冰冷的水中对她来说具有挑战性。
3.考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的 "My cousin has benefited from the Special Olympics, so my family and I are here to support him by plunging" 可知, Brandon Marty来参加活动是为了以示支持。
4.考查主旨大意。综合全文可知,本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了2018年的芝加哥极地跳水活动,对这项活动进行了简单介绍,描述了当天的气温以及人们的参与情况等,同时也描述了部分参与者参加活动的初衷和感受。
四、
答案：1-5.ADABC; 6-10.AACDB; 11-15.ADBDC
解析：1.根据语境可知,Alina从小就很有生意头脑,立志创办自己的企业。set up“创建,开办”carry on“坚持干,继续做”;put off“推迟”; take over“接管”。故选A。
2.Alina和爸爸去银行时,一位出纳员给(offered)了她一个含糖的棒棒糖。
3.根据语境可知,此处表示转折。Alina很喜欢糖果,然而(However)她的爸爸却告诉她吃太多的糖对牙齿不好。
4.根据上文的"my dad had told me that too much sugar was bad for my teeth"可知,因为爸爸说吃太多糖对牙齿不好,故Alina问爸爸:“为什么不做一些健康的棒棒糖呢 ”"healthy"和上文的"bad"构成对比关系。
5.根据下文的"both of my parents have professional experience in sales and marketing"可知,Alina的想法最后得以实现,有赖于(relied on)其家人的帮助,故选C。attend to“接待,处理”;back up“支持”;stand by“继续忠于,支持”。
6.在家人的帮助下,Alina的想法得以实现。 get sth. off the ground为固定用法,意为“使某事顺利开始,开始发生”。
7.根据上下文可知,因为Alina要做不会引起蛀牙的无糖棒棒糖,所以她要向牙医(dentists)和食品科学家咨询。
8.Alina和家人进行了一系列调查,他们得出结论(concluded):在美国蛀牙正在成为一个严重的问题。 suspect“怀疑”;assume“假设”;complain“抱怨”。
9.根据空前的"but"可知,此处表示转折。最开始Alina尝试在家做棒棒糖,但是失败了。work表示“有效,起作用”。
10.根据下文可知,很快Alina的想法就取得了成功。 pay off“取得成功,奏效”,符合语境。 pay up“付清,偿还(欠款)”;pay back“偿还”;pay out“付出(大笔款项)”。
11.根据空前的"a kind of sugar-free lollipop"可知,Alina创办了一家专门生产无糖棒棒糖的公司,以此来减轻患蛀牙的风险。
12.根据空前的"Its sales were topping $ 70,000 in 2014 and increasing more than four times in 2015"可知, Alina 的公司的销售额在2014年达到了7万美元,而在2015年,其销售额增加了四倍多,即达到了30万美元。hit表示“达到(某水平)”。
13.根据空前的"more stable"和空后的"in hot or wet environments"可知,棒棒糖在高温或潮湿环境中会融化进而变得黏(sticky)。
14.根据下文的"because the new Zollipops will be 15 later this year"可知,Alina和家人都十分兴奋(excited),因为新款的Zollipops棒棒糖将在今年稍晚的时候发行。故选D。
15.参见上题解析。come out“推出,发行”;draw out“(天黑)渐晚,(白昼)渐长”; send out“发出”;give out“分发”。
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