新课标 Unit 2 Travelling 单元语法+话题写作精讲精练(课件+学案)

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名称 新课标 Unit 2 Travelling 单元语法+话题写作精讲精练(课件+学案)
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科目 英语
更新时间 2023-06-10 16:17:57

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(共31张PPT)
Unit 2 语法复习
译林版八年级下册
复习目标
1.复习have/ has been to... , have/has gone to...与have/has been的用法。
2.复习延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法。
3.复习since与for的用法。
4.复习如何写有关到某地旅游的文章。
现在完成时
I . have/ has been to... , have/has gone to...与have/has been
1. have/has been to...表示“去过某地,人已回来”。常和once,twice,never,many times等表示频率的词连用,表示“去过某地多少次”。
e. g. I have been to Paris many times.我去过巴黎许多次了。
—Mr Green,have you been to the Great Wall 格林先生,您去过长城吗
—No,but I'll visit it next week.没有,但是我下周会去。
2.have/has gone to...表示“去了某地,人未回来”。此句型一般只用于第三人称,并且不能和once, twice, never, many times等表示频率的词连用。
e. g. She has gone to the cinema with her boyfriend.她与男朋友看电影去了。
—Where is your father 你爸爸去哪里了
—He has gone to the hospital.他去医院了。
3.have/has been in...表示“一直在某地,人未离开”。常与表示一段时间的词组连用,如how long, for... ,since...等。
e.g. How long have you been in Nanjing 你在南京待了多久了
They have been in Hong Kong for two weeks.他们在香港待了两周了。
【注意】
这三个词组后面如果接home, here, there等副词时,则要去掉介词to或in。
e.g. Where have you been recently
你最近去哪里了
Everyone has gone home.
大家都回家去了。
I have been here for two days.我到这里有两天了。
I. 延续性动词与非延续性动词
1.概念
英语中,动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短,可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如: learn, work, know,keep,have, wait, watch,read,sleep, live,stay 等。
非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如: open,close,finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to,leave, move, borrow,buy 等。
2.非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
非延续性动词可以用于完成时态(表示某一动作完成),但在完成时态的句子中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,如:since, two days ago, for two years等。如果要表示该动作的延续,就需要将其转换为延续性动词或表示状态的词。如下表:
非延续性动词 延续性动词/表示状态的词
open be open
close be closed
marry/get married be married
die be dead
join be in/a member of
begin/start be on
come/go/arrive be in/at
get up be up
非延续性动词 延续性动词/表示状态的词
fall ill be ill
stop/end/finish be over
become/make friends be friends
go/ come back/return be back
leave be away(from)
buy have
borrow keep
move to live/be in
catch a cold have a cold
e.g. The film began fifteen minutes ago.电影15分钟前开始的。
→The film has been on for fifteen minutes.电影已经开始15分钟了。
My brother joined the army five years ago.我哥哥五年前参的军。
>My brother has been in the army for five years.我哥哥在部队待了五年了。
→My brother has been a soldier for five years.我哥哥当了五年的兵。
3.非延续性动词的现在完成时的否定式可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,因为非延续性动词的这种否定形式构成一种状态,而这一状态是可以持续的。
eg.The little girl hasn't come to my home for a long time.
这个小女孩已有好长时间没来我家了。
I haven't borrowed books from the library for two months.
我已有两个月没从这个图书馆借书了。
Ⅲ .since与for
由since和 for构成的短语或句子都能与现在完成时连用,但它们的区别较大:
1. for后须接“时间段”, since后须接“时间点”,二者可以转换,均须与延续性动词连用,也可以与非延续性动词的否定式连用。二者引出的时间状语往往用how long提问。如:
He has been here for two years.= He has been here since two years ago.
他来这里已有两年了。
—How long have you had this book 这本书你买多久了
—For a week,/Since a week ago.买一周了。
We haven't heard from him for a month.我们已有一个月没收到他的来信了。
2.since能用作连词,引导时间状语从句(主句常用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时),而for则不能。如:
He has taught here since he came to China.
自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。
It has been an hour since he left here.他离开这儿已有一小时了。
I .用have/has been ( to) , have/has gone ( to ) , have/has been ( in)填空。
1.Mr Li______________Australia, and he'll come back in two days.
2.John______________England since he came back.
3.—_______you ever___________America
—Yes,I_____________there many times.
4.You're late. Mrs Wang_____________Guangzhou.
5.—How long_______you_____________this village
—For two weeks.
语法精练
has gone to
has been in
Have been to
have been
has gone to
have been in
6.—Listen! Is Tom singing in the classroom
—No. It can't be Tom. He_____________Paris with his parents.
7.My sister___________ the shop to buy a notebook.
8.I____________there only once this year.
9.Our Chinese teacher____________ this city since 1l years ago.
10.—I haven't seen Mike for ten days.
—He ____________Tokyo.
has gone to
has gone to
have been
has been in
has gone to
同义句转换。
1. My uncle arrived in Nanjing three days ago.
My uncle _______ _______ _______Nanjing ______three days.
2. The old man left his hometown 60 years ago.
The old man _______ _______ _______ _______his hometown _______60 years_______.
3. I joined the Reading Club one and a half years ago.
I _______ _______ _______the Reading Club ______ one and a half years.
4. My pet dog has been dead for two weeks.
My pet dog_______ _______ _______ _______.
1.2.3.4.
has been in for
has been away from since
ago
have been in for
died two weeks ago
5. The football match has been over since last Friday.
The football match_______ _______ _______.
6.I borrowed the books seven days ago.
I_______ _______ the books_______ seven days.
7.The shop opened ten minutes ago.
The shop_______ _______ _______ _______minutes ago.
8. Four years have passed since the students came to this school.
The students_______ _______ _______ this school _______four years.
ended last Friday
have kept for
has been open since
have been in for
如何写有关到某地旅游的文章
写作分析
本单元的写作内容是写一篇“我最好的假期”,介绍自已到某地的旅游。写该文时,通常写某人到某地的旅游经历与感受,涉及记叙文的五个要素,即:时间、地点、人物、活动及感受。在介绍自己的旅游经历时,我们应该把要写的出行的方式、旅游景点以及自己的感受写得个性鲜明,能很明确地表达出自己的旅游或出行与众不同,具有鲜明的特色,这样就给看你文章的人们留下良好而深刻的印象。
在写自己旅游的文章时,针对旅游经历,主要用一般过去时:第一段介绍旅游的时间、地点;主体部分每介绍一个景点需要写一段,包括需要的时间、交通方式以及具体景点的介绍;最后介绍旅游的感受。
应注意的是,写该文时,需要处理要点与细节的问题,切忌单有要点,没有具体的细节介绍,主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式:
※常用词汇
interesting有趣的,
exciting令人兴奋的,
nice美好的,
during the winter holiday在寒假期间,
leave for sp出发去某地,
watch the fireworks观看烟火,
watch dolphins how观看海豚表演,
go fishing by the lake在湖边钓鱼,
fly kites放风筝, take photos拍照,
visit museums参观博物馆,
take a direct flight to...乘直达飞机去……,
buy presents for relatives为亲戚买礼物,
go shopping去购物,
delicious seafood美味的海鲜,
enjoy the trip享受旅程,
have been there twice已经去过那里两次
the most famous theme park最著名的主题公园,
※常用句型句式
It took us two and a half hours to fly to Hong Kong.
我们花了两个半小时坐飞机到香港。
The next day , we went to the Jinji Lake in Suzhou by taxi.
第二天,我们乘出租车去了苏州金鸡湖。
I loved visiting Chinese classical gardens , because they are beautiful.
我喜欢参观中国古典园林,因为它们很美。
Climbing the hill is the best part of the tour.
旅行中最好的一部分是爬山。
We enjoyed ourselves and will never forget this exciting trip.
我们玩得很开心,而且永远忘不了这次令人兴奋的旅行。
※常用开头结尾句
The day finally arrived.这一天终于来到了。
We enjoyed this trip very much.我们非常享受这次旅行。
I am always hoping to visit there again.我一直希望再次去那里游玩。
经典试题
根据内容提示用英语写一篇短文,可适当发挥。
词数:90左右。内容提示:
1.我在电视上目睹了南京的秀丽景色,但我却从来没有去过那儿;
2.下周我要去南京开会,昨晚我兴奋得无法入睡;
3.南京是江苏省的省会;
4.那儿有许多风景名胜,每年吸引上百万的游人;
5.我相信我的南京之行肯定会很愉快。
A Trip to Nanjing
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
思路点拨
简介:I will go to Nanjing on business next week.
详细介绍:Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu.It is one of the oldest cities in China.But it is modern too.There are a lot of famous places of interest there.such as.
结尾:I am sure that I will have a good time in Nanjing.
答案
A Trip to Nanjing
I have seen its beautiful views on TV , but I have never been there. I will go to Nanjing on business next week. I am so excited that I can't fall asleep at night.
Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu. It is one of the oldest cities in China. But it is modern too.There are a lot of famous places of interest there, such as Xuanwu Park and Mount Zijin.It attracts millions of tourists to go there.
I am sure that I will have a good time in Nanjing
※中考典例
根据提示,以“A Trip to Beijing”为题写一篇词数80左右的短文。
时间:2014国庆
地点:北京
人物:我和父母
经历:
1.游览了许多名胜;有来自世界各地的游客;景色如此美丽,我们不停地拍照。
2.登了长城,我心里感到很自豪(be proud of)。
3.我们品尝了美味的北京烤鸭。
4.………
感受: 玩了几天我们有点累,但非常兴奋;难忘在北京的日子。
A Trip to Beijing
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
A Trip to Beijing
The day of our trip to Beijing finally arrived. My parents and I went to visit Beijing during the National Day holiday last year.The weather was pleasant and we had a good time during the trip.
We visited several places of interest. We met some visitors from all over the world. The view was so beautiful that we couldn't stop taking photos.
We climbed up to the Great Wall as well. It was really wonderful to experience its greatness and beauty. We all knew it was one of the wonders in the world.The walls were so great that we felt proud of them.
The food in Beijing was very delicious. And we also had a taste of Beijing Duck. Wang Fujing Street in Beijing was a good place to buy things. Mother and I bought lots of presents for our relatives.
We were a little tired, but we felt very happy and excited during the whole trip.We will never forget the pleasant experience.
谢谢
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Unit 2 语法复习
复习目标
1.复习have/ has been to... , have/has gone to...与have/has been的用法。
2.复习延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法。
3.复习since与for的用法。
4.复习如何写有关到某地旅游的文章。
现在完成时
I . have/ has been to... , have/has gone to...与have/has been
1. have/has been to...表示“去过某地,人已回来”。常和once,twice,never,many times等表示频率的词连用,表示“去过某地多少次”。
e. g. I have been to Paris many times.我去过巴黎许多次了。
—Mr Green,have you been to the Great Wall 格林先生,您去过长城吗
—No,but I'll visit it next week.没有,但是我下周会去。
2.have/has gone to...表示“去了某地,人未回来”。此句型一般只用于第三人称,并且不能和once, twice, never, many times等表示频率的词连用。
e. g. She has gone to the cinema with her boyfriend.她与男朋友看电影去了。
—Where is your father 你爸爸去哪里了
—He has gone to the hospital.他去医院了。
3.have/has been in...表示“一直在某地,人未离开”。常与表示一段时间的词组连用,如how long, for... ,since...等。
e.g. How long have you been in Nanjing 你在南京待了多久了
They have been in Hong Kong for two weeks.他们在香港待了两周了。
【注意】
这三个词组后面如果接home, here, there等副词时,则要去掉介词to或in。
e.g. Where have you been recently 你最近去哪里了
Everyone has gone home.
大家都回家去了。
I have been here for two days.我到这里有两天了。
延续性动词与非延续性动词
1.概念
英语中,动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短,可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如: learn, work, know,keep,have, wait, watch,read,sleep, live,stay 等。
非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如: open,close,finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to,leave, move, borrow,buy 等。
2.非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
非延续性动词可以用于完成时态(表示某一动作完成),但在完成时态的句子中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,如:since, two days ago, for two years等。如果要表示该动作的延续,就需要将其转换为延续性动词或表示状态的词。如下表:
非延续性动词 延续性动词/表示状态的词
open be open
close be closed
marry/get married be married
die be dead
join be in/a member of
begin/start be on
come/go/arrive be in/at
get up be up
fall asleep be asleep
fall ill be ill
stop/end/finish be over
become/make friends be friends
go/ come back/return be back
leave be away(from)
buy have
borrow keep
move to live/be in
catch a cold have a cold
e.g. The film began fifteen minutes ago.电影15分钟前开始的。
→The film has been on for fifteen minutes.电影已经开始15分钟了。
My brother joined the army five years ago.我哥哥五年前参的军。
>My brother has been in the army for five years.我哥哥在部队待了五年了。
→My brother has been a soldier for five years.我哥哥当了五年的兵。
3.非延续性动词的现在完成时的否定式可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,因为非延续性动词的这种否定形式构成一种状态,而这一状态是可以持续的。
eg.The little girl hasn't come to my home for a long time.这个小女孩已有好长时间没来我家了。
I haven't borrowed books from the library for two months.我已有两个月没从这个图书馆借书了。
Ⅲ .since与for
由since和 for构成的短语或句子都能与现在完成时连用,但它们的区别较大:
1. for后须接“时间段”, since后须接“时间点”,二者可以转换,均须与延续性动词连用,也可以与非延续性动词的否定式连用。二者引出的时间状语往往用how long提问。如:
He has been here for two years.= He has been here since two years ago.他来这里已有两年了。
—How long have you had this book 这本书你买多久了
—For a week,/Since a week ago.买一周了。
We haven't heard from him for a month.我们已有一个月没收到他的来信了。
2.since能用作连词,引导时间状语从句(主句常用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时),而for则不能。如:
He has taught here since he came to China.
自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。
It has been an hour since he left here.他离开这儿已有一小时了。
语法精练
I .用have/has been ( to) , have/has gone ( to ) , have/has been ( in)
填空。
1.Mr Li_______Australia, and he'll come back in two days.
2.John_______England since he came back.
3.—_______you ever_______America
—Yes,I_______there many times.
4.You're late. Mrs Wang_______Guangzhou.
5.—How long_______you_______this village
—For two weeks.
6.—Listen! Is Tom singing in the classroom
一No. It can't be Tom. He_______Paris with his parents.
7.My sister_______ the shop to buy a notebook.
8.I_______there only once this year.
9.Our Chinese teacher_______ this city since 1l years ago.
10.—I haven't seen Mike for ten days.
—He _______Tokyo.
Ⅱ .同义句转换。
My uncle arrived in Nanjing three days ago.
My uncle _______ _______ _______ _______ Nanjing three days.
The old man left his hometown 60 years ago.
The old man _______ _______ _______ _______his hometown _______60 years_______.
I joined the Reading Club one and a half years ago.
I _______ _______ _______the Reading Club one and a half years.
My pet dog has been dead for two weeks.
My pet dog_______ _______ _______ _______.
The football match has been over since last Friday.
The football match_______ _______ _______.
6.I borrowed the books seven days ago.
I_______ _______ the books_______ seven days.
7.The shop opened ten minutes ago.
The shop_______ _______ _______ _______minutes ago.
Four years have passed since the students came to this school.
The students_______ _______ _______ this school _______four years.
答案
I .1.has gone to 2.has been in 3.Have; been to; have been4.has gone to 5.have; been in
6.has gone to 7.has gone to 8.have been 9.has been in 10.has gone to
Ⅱ .1.has been in; for 2.has been away from;since;ago3.have been in; for 4.died two weeks ago
ended last Friday 6.have kept;for7.has been open since 8.have been in; for
Unit 2 写作复习
如何写有关到某地旅游的文章
写作分析
本单元的写作内容是写一篇“我最好的假期”,介绍自已到某地的旅游。写该文时,通常写某人到某地的旅游经历与感受,涉及记叙文的五个要素,即:时间、地点、人物、活动及感受。在介绍自己的旅游经历时,我们应该把要写的出行的方式、旅游景点以及自己的感受写得个性鲜明,能很明确地表达出自己的旅游或出行与众不同,具有鲜明的特色,这样就给看你文章的人们留下良好而深刻的印象。
在写自己旅游的文章时,针对旅游经历,主要用一般过去时:第一段介绍旅游的时间、地点;主体部分每介绍一个景点需要写一段,包括需要的时间、交通方式以及具体景点的介绍;最后介绍旅游的感受。
应注意的是,写该文时,需要处理要点与细节的问题,切忌单有要点,没有具体的细节介绍,主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式:
※常用词汇
interesting有趣的, exciting令人兴奋的, nice美好的, during the winter holiday在寒假期间, leave for sp出发去某地, the most famous theme park最著名的主题公园, watch the fireworks观看烟火, watch dolphins how观看海豚表演,go fishing by the lake在湖边钓鱼,fly kites放风筝, take photos拍照, visit museums参观博物馆, take a direct flight to...乘直达飞机去……,buy presents for relatives为亲戚买礼物, go shopping去购物, delicious seafood美味的海鲜, enjoy the trip享受旅程, have been there twice已经去过那里两次
※常用句型句式
It took us two and a half hours to fly to Hong Kong.我们花了两个半小时坐飞机到香港。
The next day , we went to the Jinji Lake in Suzhou by taxi.第二天,我们乘出租车去了苏州金鸡湖。
I loved visiting Chinese classical gardens , because they are beautiful.我喜欢参观中国古典园林,因为它们很美。
Climbing the hill is the best part of the tour.旅行中最好的一部分是爬山。
We enjoyed ourselves and will never forget this exciting trip.我们玩得很开心,而且永远忘不了这次令人兴奋的旅行。
※常用开头结尾句
The day finally arrived.这一天终于来到了。
We enjoyed this trip very much.我们非常享受这次旅行。
I am always hoping to visit there again.我一直希望再次去那里游玩。
经典试题
根据内容提示用英语写一篇短文,可适当发挥。
词数:90左右。内容提示:
1.我在电视上目睹了南京的秀丽景色,但我却从来没有去过那儿;
2.下周我要去南京开会,昨晚我兴奋得无法入睡;
3.南京是江苏省的省会;
4.那儿有许多风景名胜,每年吸引上百万的游人;
5.我相信我的南京之行肯定会很愉快。
A Trip to Nanjing
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思路点拨
简介:I will go to Nanjing on business next week.
详细介绍:Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu.It is one of the oldest cities in China.But it is modern too.There are a lot of famous places of interest there.such as.
结尾:I am sure that I will have a good time in Nanjing.
答案
A Trip to Nanjing
I have seen its beautiful views on TV , but I have never been there. I will go to Nanjing on business next week. I am so excited that I can't fall asleep at night.
Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu. It is one of the oldest cities in China. But it is modern too.There are a lot of famous places of interest there, such as Xuanwu Park and Mount Zijin.It attracts millions of tourists to go there.
I am sure that I will have a good time in Nanjing
※中考典例
根据提示,以“A Trip to Beijing”为题写一篇词数80左右的短文。
时间:2014国庆
地点:北京
人物:我和父母
经历:
1.游览了许多名胜;有来自世界各地的游客;景色如此美丽,我们不停地拍照。
2.登了长城,我心里感到很自豪(be proud of)。
3.我们品尝了美味的北京烤鸭。
4.………
感受: 玩了几天我们有点累,但非常兴奋;难忘在北京的日子。
A Trip to Beijing
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答案
A Trip to Beijing
The day of our trip to Beijing finally arrived. My parents and I went to visit Beijing during the National Day holiday last year.The weather was pleasant and we had a good time during the trip.
We visited several places of interest. We met some visitors from all over the world. The view was so beautiful that we couldn't stop taking photos.
We climbed up to the Great Wall as well. It was really wonderful to experience its greatness and beauty. We all knew it was one of the wonders in the world.The walls were so great that we felt proud of them.
The food in Beijing was very delicious. And we also had a taste of Beijing Duck. Wang Fujing Street in Beijing was a good place to buy things. Mother and I bought lots of presents for our relatives.
We were a little tired, but we felt very happy and excited during the whole trip.We will never forget the pleasant experience.
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