(共35张PPT)
人教新目标版 八年级下册
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
Section A Grammar Focus-4c
Knowledge objectives:
1. 熟练掌握以下词汇和短语
hometown.
2. 熟练掌握以下句型
1. She has been ill since Monday.
2. I have never been to the water park before.
3. How long has his son owned the train and railway set
Skill objectives:
1. 通过情境体验，能够了解含有目标语言for/since的现在完成时句型的基本结构。
2. 能够用现在完成时讨论拥有的物品和周围的事物，通过体会延续性动词和短暂性动词的区别，能够正确使用现在完成时询问并表达持续性动作或状态。
3. 过4a和4b练习，进一步巩固知识。
Cultural awareness objectives:
通过目标词汇和语言的学习，能够用现在完成时表达自己拥有的个人物品以及拥有物品的时间，体验不同的文化带来的魅力。
Thinking quality objectives:
通过语法结构的学习,思考如何运用语法结构帮助我们提高英语的听、说、读、写的能力。
Learning objectives
Warm up
Let’s watch a video and Find out the sentences about present perfect tense.
Find out the sentences about present perfect tense(现在完成时).
NIGEL：Good afternoon. I believe that this is house is for sale.
IAN：That’s right.
NIGEL：May I have a look at it, please
IAN：Yes, of e in.
NIGEL：How long have you lived here
IAN：I’ve lived here ____ twenty years.
NIGEL：Twenty year! That’s long time.
IAN：Yes, I’ve been here _____ 1976.
NIGEL：Then why do you want to sell it
IAN：Because I’ve just retired. I want to buy a small house in the country.
NIGEL：How much does this house cost
IAN：$68,500.
NIGEL：Well, I like the house. but I can’t decide yet. My wife must see it first.
IAN：Women always have the last word.
for
since
present perfect tense with for and since.
Grammar focus
How long have you had that bike over there I’ve had it for three years.
How long has his son owned the train and railway set He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
Have you ever played football Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.
Translate these sentences and let’s read.
Grammar Focus
你拥有那边那辆自行车多久了
我已经拥有它三年了。
他的儿子拥有这列火车铁轨套装多久了？
自从四岁生日起他就拥有了它。
你曾经踢过足球吗？
是的，我小时候踢过，但我已经有一段时间没踢了。
Grammar focus
Grammar Focus
How long have you had that bike over there I’ve had it for three years.
How long has his son owned the train and railway set He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
Have you ever played football Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.
Read the following sentences and try to find out grammar points.
1：Find adverbials of time beginning with for and since.
2：现在完成时的特殊疑问句结构是什么？
3：用什么疑问词来询问拥有某物品的时间？
1：Find adverbials of time beginning with for and since.
How long have you had that bike over there I’ve had it for three years.
How long has his son owned the train and railway set He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
Have you ever played football Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.
for+一段时间
since+过去的时间点
2：现在完成时的特殊疑问句结构是什么？
How long have you had that bike over there I’ve had it for three years.
How long has his son owned the train and railway set He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
Have you ever played football Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.
疑问词（不作主语）+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他成分
3：用什么疑问词来询问拥有某物品的时间？
How long have you had that bike over there I’ve had it for three years.
How long has his son owned the train and railway set He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
Have you ever played football Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.
询问拥有时间的疑问词用how long。
探究一. present perfect tense with since & for
It has been here for five years.
It has been around since 1993.
It has been around since 28 years ago.
We have been here since we got married.
现在完成时表示从过去开始一直持续到现在还有可能继续持续下去的动作或状态。常与_________引导的时间短语或从句连用.
for, since
for + ________ 表示“持续了...
时间段
since +
__________________
__________________
__________________
时间段
过去的时间点
时间段+ago
从句(一般用过去式)
过去的时间点
时间段+ago
从句(一般用过去式)
【拓展延伸】含 for 和含 since 的现在完成时的句子有时可互相转换。
我从13年前开始就住在这里。
I’ve lived here since 13 years ago.
= I’ve lived here for 13 years.
= It has been 13 years since I began to live here.
Use for or since to form adverbials of time:
________ 5 years ________ last Monday
________ you came here ________ a long time
________ 2018 ________ his 7th birthday
________ 2 days ________ 2 days ago
for
for
since
for
since
since
since
since
1. I have been here ________ five months ago.
2. He has been a soldier _____ about two months.
3. Great changes have taken place ________ you left.
4. His grandpa has been dead _____ ten years.
5. I have studied English _______ I was 12 years old.
6. It is two years ________ I became a postgraduate student.
Fill in the blanks with since or for.
since
for
since
for
since
since
7. Mr. Brown has had his TV ________ 15 years.
8. I’ve taken driving lessons _________ last month.
9. Tom has worked in the factory _________ he left school ten years ago.
10. My friends haven’t visited me ___________ my birthday.
11.She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee _______years.
12. Tom has worn glasses _________ two years ago.
for
since
since
since
for
since
探究二. 延续性动词与非延续性动词
思考:
与how long, for 或者since搭配使用在现在完成时中的动词有什么共同特点？
How long has Mary left
How long has Mary been away
B. How long has he borrowed the book
How long has he kept the book
C. Maria has come back since Monday.
Maria has been back since Monday.
D. Tony has bought the computer for two years.
Tony has had the computer for two years.
×
√
×
√
×
√
×
√
其动词必须为延续性动词，非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
英语中，按动词延续的时间长短，可将动词分为____________和_____________。延续性动词，如：learn “学习”，work“工作”，play“玩耍”等。短暂性动词，即动作一开始便结束的动词，如：come“来”，go“去”，begin“幵始”，become“变成”，buy“购买”。延续性动词，就是可以想做多久就做多久的事情，只要你不累。短暂性动词就是一瞬间的事情。
当句子中出现“for+一段时间”，“since+从句”，“since+表示时间点的名词”，how long等，这些时间状语的时候，不能使用短暂性动词，要使用延续性动词。用于现在完成时。
延续性动词
短暂性动词
（口诀记忆：看见since，for，how long；廷续性动词不能忘）
be on
be away (from)
have
keep
be
be (in/at)
非持续性动词
They can last.
Can they last
持续性动词
start/begin
leave
buy
borrow
become
arrive
加时间
wear
know
be in
be over
be dead
have+病
非持续性动词
They can last.
Can they last
持续性动词
put on
meet
join
finish/end
die
catch/get+病
加时间
be open (adj.)
be closed (adj.)
be married
be asleep
be back to
be out
非持续性动词
They can last.
Can they last
持续性动词
open
close
marry
fall asleep/get to sleep
go back to/return to
go out
加时间
下面是句子的同义句转换，将原句一般过去时改成现在完成时
1. He went to school two hours ago. (一般过去时)
get to/ arrive in ( at ) /reach+地点→be in+地点
He has been in school for two hours.
(现在完成时，将go to school变为be in school, for +时间段)
He has been in school since two hours ago.
(现在完成时，since跟过去的时间点)
2. I borrowed the book five days ago.(一般过去时)
borrow借(短暂) →keep保存(延续)
I have kept the book for five days.
I have kept the book since five days ago.
3. He bought the bike three years ago.
4. She fell asleep one hour ago.
5. My sister became a nurse one year ago.
He has had the bike for three years.
He has had the bike since three years ago.
She has been asleep for one hour.
She has been asleep since one hour ago.
My sister has been a nurse for one year.
My sister has been a nurse since one year ago.
buy买(短暂)→have拥有(延续)
fall asleep入睡(短暂)→be asleep睡着的(延续)
become变成(短暂)→be是(延续)
4a
Rewrite the sentences using for or since.
1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago.
____________________________________________
2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.
____________________________________________
3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.
____________________________________________
They have not eaten for ten hours.
I have had a camera since 2009.
Jim has been in Japan for three days.
一直待在日本
4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago.
________________________________________________
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.
________________________________________________
I have known Anna for three years.
Linda has been ill since Monday.
4b
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
I _______________ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _______ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.
They ________________ (never own) any pets, but they ___________________ (always want) to have a dog.
We ____________ (have) a piano since last November. We ________________ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.
have never been
go
have never owned
have always wanted
have had
bought
Cathy and Amy __________________ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They ___________ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.
This museum _____________ (be) here for over 20 years. It ______ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.
have not/haven’t been
miss
has been
is
n. 家乡；故乡
4c
Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.
Things How long
Tony favorite book for two years
basketball since he was 10 years old
Student 1
Student 2
1. Do you have a(n) __________ How long have you had it
2. Do you own a(n) __________ How long have you owned it
Any difference between the two questions
Groupwork
1. Work in groups of four.
2. Take turns to ask others questions and write down their answers.
3. If your answer to the question is negative, you should provide an alternative answer.
4. Report to class.
Tips:
Exercises
一、单项选择
1. As an exchange student, Alan ____ Qiqihar for one and a half years.
A. has been to B. has been in C. has gone to
2. Betty ____ hard since last term. That’s why her exam results are so good!
A. has worked B. will work
C. worked D. was working
3.— You have a nice car.
— Thank you. I ______ it for less than one month.
A. bought B. have bought C. had D. have had
B
A
D
4.— I’m sorry for being late.
— Never mind. The meeting ______ for only 5 minutes. This way, please.
A. has begun B. has ended C. has been on
5.— I ______ Ann with her Chinese over years, but she can’t speak it at all.
— Never mind. She is too young.
A. have helped B. help C. helping D. helped
6. — I’m sorry, Lucy. I ______ your computer for such a long time.
— Never mind.
A. have borrowed B. have lent
C. have kept D. have returned
C
A
C
二、句型转换，每空一词。
1.Paul has had the kite for two years. (改为一般疑问句)
_________Paul ___________the kite for two years
2.The cat died three days ago. (改为同义句)
The cat __________ __________ __________ for three days.
3.Tom has eaten this kind of chicken before. (改为否定句)
Tom _________ ___________ this kind of chicken before.
4.I have been here for three years. (对画线部分提问)
_________ __________have you been here
5.I bought the radio two days ago. (改为同义句)
I________ ___________ the radio for two days.
Has
had
has
been
dead
hasn’t
eaten
How
long
have
had/owned
Dear Mike,
I’m sorry I (not write) to you for a while. I (be) very busy for a long time. Yesterday I went to see Captain America with Jenny. Do you remember Jenny, the shy girl She_________(be) more outgoing since the last time you saw her. She________ (buy) two tickets since three days ago. We had dinner at a new Korean restaurant. I (not be) to a restaurant since last month, and I (never eat) Korean food.
So, how is it going Have you (see) any good movies recently Have you (eat) at any good restaurants Please write back and let me know. I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Your Friend
haven’t written
have been
has been
haven’t been
have never eaten
seen
eaten
has had
三、用所给单词适当形式填空。
Language points
1. Jim has been in Japan for three days. (教材P76 4a)
have been in + 地点名词，常与时间段连用，表示“待在某地（多长时间）”。当 have been in 后面接地点副词时，省略 in。
eg：— How long have you been in China
— I have been here since six years ago.
Homework
1. Do the exercises in students’ book.
2. Preview in Section B 1a-1d.
谢谢
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