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人教版（新课程标准）高中英语必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes同步练习2
一、阅读选择
1．阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
If the crust (外壳) of the earth were not pretty solid (坚固的), it would be shaking about and moving up and down frequently. However, there are places in the rocks of the earth's crust where it isn't strongly held together—where faults exist. Along the faults, one rock might push against another with great force. The energy is changed to vibration in the rocks, so they begin to shake and we have an earthquake!
The most famous one in North America was the San Francisco earthquake of 1906. Seven hundred people died and property (财产) damage amounted to about $425,000,000.The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.
One of the most famous earthquakes in Europe took place in Lisbon, Portugal, in 1755. The city was destroyed and at least thirty thousand people were killed. In 1908, in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed about seventy five thousand people. In 1915, in central Italy, hundreds of towns and villages were damaged and thirty thousand people were killed.
Two great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia took place in Tokyo, Japan, and in Gansu Province in China. The Tokyo quake of 1923 killed more than one hundred thousand people and destroyed the city and the city of Yokohama, too. The Chinese quake in 1920 covered more than three hundred square miles and killed about two hundred thousand people.
（1）The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A．where earthquakes happen B．how earthquakes happen
C．the damage caused by earthquakes D．famous earthquakes in the world
（2）The underlined word “vibration” in the first paragraph probably means “_______”.
A．shaking B．force C．energy D．losing
（3）Which of the following earthquakes killed the most people
A．The San Francisco earthquake.
B．The earthquake in Lisbon, Portugal.
C．The earthquake in Calabria and Sicily.
D．The earthquake in central Italy.
（4）According to the passage, we can learn that ________.
A．the earth's crust in Europe is weaker than that in other places
B．there were 75,000 people killed in the San Francisco earthquake
C．the city of Yokohama was not greatly influenced by the Tokyo quake
D．the fires following the San Francisco earthquake caused more damage than the earthquake did
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意题；说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震起因及历史上几次大地震。
（1）考查段落大意。通读第一段可知，本段介绍了地震的起因。故选B。
（2）考查词义猜测。一块岩石有可能用力挤压另一块岩石，地壳的能量发生了改变导致岩石晃动，于是地震发生了。vibration意为“晃动”，故A项正确。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“…in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed about seventy-five thousand people.”可知，C项正确。
（4）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.”可知，D项正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Green is an important color in nature. It is the color of grass and the leaves on trees. It is also the color of most growing plants.
Sometimes, the word “green” means young, fresh and growing. For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience. In the 15th century, a greenhorn was a young cow or an ox whose horns(角)had not yet developed. A century later, a greenhorn was a soldier who had no experience in war. By the 18th century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today—a person who is new in a job.
Someone who is good at growing plants is said to have a green thumb(大拇指). The expression comes from the early 20th century. A person with a green thumb can make plants grow quickly and well.
Green is also the color used to describe the powerful feeling , jealousy(嫉妒). The green-eyed monster （怪物）is not a dangerous animal from outer space. It is an expression used about 400 years ago by the British writer William Shakespeare in his play “Othello”. It describes the unpleasant feeling when someone has something he wants. For example, a young man may suffer from the green-eyed monster if you get a pay rise and he does not.
In most places in the world, a green light means to move ahead. In everyday speech, a green light means agree to continue with a project.
（1）A greenhorn now refers to ____________.
A．a person who is new in a job B．a new soldier.
C．a young horse D．a cow without horns
（2）A person with a green thumb is a person _______.
A．who is good at growing plants
B．whose thumbs are of green color
C．whose garden is greener than others'
D．who is younger than his neighbors
（3）A man may meet the green-eyed monster if ____.
A．he sees a dangerous animal
B．he reads a sad play
C．his friend gets a prize that he wants
D．he can't get something
（4）The main idea of the passage is ________.
A．a greenhorn B．a green thumb
C．the Green Revolution D．the word “green” and its story
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；教育文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了与green有关的几个短语的含义以及这些短语的意义的历史变迁。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”By the 18th century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today—a person who is new in a job. “可知现在“greenhorn”就是指工作方面的新手。故A正确。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”A person with a green thumb can make plants grow quickly and well.“可知“A person with a green thumb”是指一个能让植物长得很好的人，也就是擅长园艺的人。故A正确。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”It describes the unpleasant feeling when someone has something he wants. For example, a young man may suffer from the green-eyed monster if you get a pay rise and he does not.”可知the green-eyed monster就是指嫉妒别人拥有了你想要的东西的人。所以当你的朋友得到了你想要的奖项的时候，你会很嫉妒他。就可能会遇见the green-eyed monster。故C正确。
（4）考查主旨大意。文章中叙述了的多个关于green的短语“a greenhorn、 a green thumb和the green-eyed monster”的不同意义以及这些短语的来历和在不同的时期的不同的含义。故D正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
二、单选题
3．Can computers completely take the place of human beings ________？No one can tell.
A．by the end B．at the end C．in the end D．until the end
【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：电脑最终能取代人吗？没有人说得清。in the end“最后，最终”，相当于副词，可以作状语，此处正是作句子的时间状语；A、B项短语不存在，要构成短语必须在后面加of，并且加上宾语；D项until用于肯定句中，谓语动词必须是持续性动词，很显然本句谓语动词不是；故选C。
【点评】考查固定短语，掌握by the end；at the end；in the end。
4．—We need an immediate reply.
—I see. I'll send the paper to you ________.
A．just now B．sooner or later
C．right away D．for a while
【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们需要立刻回复。——明白。我立刻送文件给你。right away意为“立刻，马上”，与上文“an immediate reply”相一致。just now刚才；sooner or later迟早；for a while一会儿，故选C。
【点评】考查固定短语，区分just now，sooner or later，right away，for a while的含义。
5．The article discusses the ________ which led to the outbreak of the war.
A．matter B．affairs C．events D．business
【答案】C
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这篇文章讨论了引起这场战争的事件。表示“大事，要事，有意义或不同寻常之事”用event。matter表示“须留心的要事或问题、难题”；affair表示“繁杂或较多的事务”；business表示“指派的任务、责任”，故选C。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分matter，affairs，events，business的含义。
6．The houses across the street are ________，but they were very good a few years ago.
A．in rows B．in ruins C．in number D．in detail
【答案】B
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：街对面的那座房子上破败不堪，但是几年前他们很好。in rows”成行，成排“；in ruins”毁坏，破败不堪“；in number”总共“；in detail”详细地“。故选B。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分in rows，in ruins，in number，in detail的含义。
7．It was a ________ story，and we all got ________.
A．shocking；shocking B．shocked；shocked
C．shocking；shocked D．shocked；shocking
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这是一个令人震惊的故事，我们都感到大吃一惊。shocking”令人震惊的“，指事物或人本身的性质；shocked”感到震惊的“，指人的心理感受。第一空主语为物，用shocking，第二空主语为人，用shocked，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分shocking，shocked的应用。
8．—Is there good news from your friend
—Yes，many valuables have been ________ in the working site.
A．come out B．worked out C．dug out D．brought out
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：“从朋友那里带来了什么好消息吗？”“是的。从工地上挖出了许多贵重物品。”come out“出现，出版”；work out“解决，计算出”；dig out“掘出；发现”；bring out“阐明；出版”。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分come out，work out，dig out，bring out的含义。
9．He was so ________ thought that he didn't see the pole on the road.
A．buried in B．careful with C．busy with D．serious about
【答案】A
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：他太专心于思考了，以至于没看到公路上的柱子。be buried in”埋头于，专心于“；be careful with”当心，小心“；be busy with”忙于“；be serious about”对……认真的“。故只有A项符合句意。
【点评】考查形容词短语，区分be buried in，be careful with，be busy with，be serious about的含义。
10．The heat in the desert is ________; therefore there are few plants growing there.
A．hot B．wide C．serious D．extreme
【答案】D
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：沙漠里的热是极端的；因此几乎没有植物在那里生长。hot”热的“；wide”广泛的“；serious”严重的“；extreme”极度的“。故选D。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分hot，wide，serious，extreme的含义。
11．—Why didn't Angus come to school today
—He ________ his leg while playing football yesterday.
A．beat B．kicked C．knocked D．injured
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——为什么安格斯今天没上学？——昨天踢足球时他腿受伤了。beat“击败，跳动”；kicked“踢”；knocked“敲，撞”；injure““损害；伤害”。选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分beat，kick，knock，injure的含义。
12．—Sorry, Daddy. I am not getting on well with my studies.
—Well.________ you hadn't wasted so much time playing online games.
A．As if B．Even if C．If only D．Only if
【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气在目的状语从句中的运用
【解析】【分析】句意：——爸爸，对不起，我的学习情况不太好。——哦，要是你不把那么多的时间浪费在网络游戏上就好了。if only“但愿”接虚拟语气，表示对过去情况的假设。as if“好像”；even if“即使”；only if“只有”。故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，区分as if；even if；only if；if only的含义和应用。
三、单词拼写
13．单词拼写。
结合语境，根据汉语或首字母提示用单词的适当形式填空。
（1）The dam (爆裂) under the weight of water.
（2）Although the world is full of (苦难), we don't fear it.
（3）Many people are reported killed and (受伤) in the incident.
（4）Life would be very difficult without (电).
（5）The whole city lay in (废墟) after the earthquake.
（6）Everybody on this earth needs food, s , and clothing.
（7）Every year natural's d can cause heavy loss to the world.
（8）Most of the buildings were completely d in the earthquake.
（9）Her head was b in the book when she was reading.
（10）The life boat was sent out to r the sailors from the sinking ship.
【答案】（1）burst
（2）suffering
（3）injured
（4）electricity
（5）ruins
（6）shelter
（7）disasters
（8）destroyed
（9）buried
（10）rescue
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：水坝在水的重量下决口了。根据句意谓语动词用一般过去时，故填burst。
（2）句意：尽管世界充满了苦难，但是我们不畏惧。介词后名词作宾语，故填suffering。
（3）句意：报道在这起事故中许多人遇难受伤。这是一个一般过去时的被动语态，故填injured。
（4）句意：没有电生活很困难。介词后接名词，故填electricity。
（5）句意：地震之后整个城市成为废墟。in ruins固定短语“成为废墟”，故填ruins。
（6）句意：地球上的每个人需要食物，住所和衣服。名词作宾语，故填shelter。
（7）句意：每年自然灾害会给世界造成巨大损失。名词所有格后接名词，故填disasters。
（8）句意：大多数建筑在地震中被完全毁坏了。这是一个一般过去时的被动语态，故填过去分词destroyed。
（9）句意：她在埋头读书。be buried in固定短语，“专心于”，故填buried。
（10）句意：救生船被派出援救正在下沉的船上的士兵。不定式表目的，故填rescue。
【点评】考查单词拼写，要求考生在理解句义的基础上， 根据首字母和汉语提示，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。
四、其他
14．课文缩写。
根据课文大意，在每个空格处填上一个合适的单词。
Several days before July 28, 1976, many things happened in Tangshan. They were signs for an . But people lived there didn't think much of that. At 3:42 am that day, the earth began to shake, which almost all the city in fifteen terrible seconds. Many people, including workers and doctors, came to those who were under the ruins. Later that afternoon, another big earthquake hit the city. More people were killed or and more buildings down. Very soon the army sent a lot of soldiers to help, and teams were to dig out the trapped and to the dead. By and by things improved and the city began to breathe again.
【答案】strange；earthquake；who；destroyed；rescue；trapped；injured；fell；organized；bury
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：许多奇怪的事情在唐山发生了。形容词修饰名词，作定语，故填strange。
（2）句意：有地震的迹象。不定冠词后接名词单数，故填earthquake。
（3） lived there是定语从句，修饰先行词people，在从句中做主语，故填who。
（4）句意：那天凌晨3:42，地球开始摇动，在可怕的15秒内毁灭了整个城市。事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，故填destroyed。
（5）come to rescue固定短语，“援救”，因此填rescue。
（6）句意：许多人，包括工人和医生，来帮助那些困在废墟下的人们。be trapped in 固定短语“被困在......，被卡在......”，因此答案为trapped。
（7）句意：更多的人遇难或者受伤，更多的建筑倒了。形容词作表语，故填injured。
（8）fall down 固定短语“倒塌”，根据全文时态可知，用一般过去时，故填fell。
（9）这是一个一般过去时的被动语态，故填过去分词organized。
（10）不定式作目的状语，故填bury。
【点评】考查单词拼写，要求考生在理解课文的基础上，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，写出正确答案。
15．用所给词的适当形式填空。
（1）It (shock) me to see how my neighbors treated their children.
（2）They were (trap) in the burning hotel.
（3）Two players are out of the team because of (injure).
（4）We shouldn't waste (electrical) in our daily life.
（5）Death finally brought an end to his (suffer).
（6）This tie is (dirt), so I'll take it to the cleaner's.
（7）In India there is a (nation) festival on October 20 to honour Mahandas Gandhi.
（8）I think it is dangerous to be a (mine).
【答案】（1）shocked
（2）trapped
（3）injury
（4）electricity
（5）suffering
（6）dirty
（7）national
（8）miner
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】（1）考查时态。句意：看到我的邻居怎样对待孩子，我震惊了。根据how my neighbors treated their children，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，故填shocked。
（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：他们被困在着火的旅馆。be trapped in 固定短语，“被困在......，被卡在......”,故填trapped。
（3）考查名词。句意：两名队员因伤退出了团队。介词后接名词，故填injury。
（4）考查名词。句意：在日常生活中我们不应该浪费电。名词作宾语，故填electricity。
（5）考查名词。句意：死亡最终结束了他的痛苦。形容词性物主代词后面接名词，故填suffering。
（6）考查形容词。句意：这个领带很脏，因此我把它带到洗衣房。形容词作表语，故填dirty。
（7）考查形容词。句意：在印度10月20日是国庆节，来纪念甘地。形容词修饰名词作定语，故填national。
（8）考查名词。句意：我认为当矿工很危险。不定冠词后接可数名词单数，故填miner。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，等知识点的考查，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，结合相关语法知识，从而写出正确的单词形式。
五、用所给词的正确形式填空
16．选词填空。
根据语境，用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。（每个短语仅使用一次）
right away, at an end, dig out, suffer from, in ruins, thousands of, be trapped in. as if
（1） people gathered on the square watching the fireworks.
（2）More than a dozen people of the avalanche(雪崩) alive.
（3）Just wait for me on the spot; I will come .
（4）All the students the heavy rain yesterday.
（5）Do you often the headache after you have a cold
（6）When we arrived at the cinema, the film was nearly .
（7）A big fire left the house when I was very young.
（8）It seemed he had known the bad news.
【答案】（1）Thousands of
（2）were dug out
（3）right away
（4）were trapped in
（5）suffer from
（6）at an end
（7）in ruins
（8）as if
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：成千上万的人在广场上看烟花。thousands of“成千上万的”，因此答案为Thousands of。
（2）句意：有超过十二个被从雪崩里救出来的人是活着的。dig out固定短语“挖出”，根据句意，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were dug out。
（3）句意：请在现场等我，我马上就来。right away固定短语，“立刻，马上”，作状语，故填right away。
（4）句意：昨天所有的学生被困在大雨中。be trapped in固定短语，“被困在......，被卡在......”，根据时间状语yesterday，可知使用一般过去时，因此答案为were trapped in。
（5）句意：在感冒之后你经常头疼吗？suffer from固定短语“遭受，患.......疾病，受......之苦”，这是一个一般现在时的一般疑问句，故填suffer from。
（6）句意：我们到达电影院的时候，电影几乎结束了。at an end固定短语“完结，结束”，介词短语作表语，故填at an end。
（7）句意：当我小时候一场大火让这所房子成为废墟。in ruins固定短语，“成为废墟”，介词短语作宾补，故填in ruins。
（8）句意：看起来好像他们已经知道了这个坏消息。It seems as if固定句型“看起来好像......”，因此答案为as if。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，更具方框内所给的词汇，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
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人教版（新课程标准）高中英语必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes同步练习2
一、阅读选择
1．阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
If the crust (外壳) of the earth were not pretty solid (坚固的), it would be shaking about and moving up and down frequently. However, there are places in the rocks of the earth's crust where it isn't strongly held together—where faults exist. Along the faults, one rock might push against another with great force. The energy is changed to vibration in the rocks, so they begin to shake and we have an earthquake!
The most famous one in North America was the San Francisco earthquake of 1906. Seven hundred people died and property (财产) damage amounted to about $425,000,000.The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.
One of the most famous earthquakes in Europe took place in Lisbon, Portugal, in 1755. The city was destroyed and at least thirty thousand people were killed. In 1908, in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed about seventy five thousand people. In 1915, in central Italy, hundreds of towns and villages were damaged and thirty thousand people were killed.
Two great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia took place in Tokyo, Japan, and in Gansu Province in China. The Tokyo quake of 1923 killed more than one hundred thousand people and destroyed the city and the city of Yokohama, too. The Chinese quake in 1920 covered more than three hundred square miles and killed about two hundred thousand people.
（1）The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A．where earthquakes happen B．how earthquakes happen
C．the damage caused by earthquakes D．famous earthquakes in the world
（2）The underlined word “vibration” in the first paragraph probably means “_______”.
A．shaking B．force C．energy D．losing
（3）Which of the following earthquakes killed the most people
A．The San Francisco earthquake.
B．The earthquake in Lisbon, Portugal.
C．The earthquake in Calabria and Sicily.
D．The earthquake in central Italy.
（4）According to the passage, we can learn that ________.
A．the earth's crust in Europe is weaker than that in other places
B．there were 75,000 people killed in the San Francisco earthquake
C．the city of Yokohama was not greatly influenced by the Tokyo quake
D．the fires following the San Francisco earthquake caused more damage than the earthquake did
2．阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Green is an important color in nature. It is the color of grass and the leaves on trees. It is also the color of most growing plants.
Sometimes, the word “green” means young, fresh and growing. For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience. In the 15th century, a greenhorn was a young cow or an ox whose horns(角)had not yet developed. A century later, a greenhorn was a soldier who had no experience in war. By the 18th century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today—a person who is new in a job.
Someone who is good at growing plants is said to have a green thumb(大拇指). The expression comes from the early 20th century. A person with a green thumb can make plants grow quickly and well.
Green is also the color used to describe the powerful feeling , jealousy(嫉妒). The green-eyed monster （怪物）is not a dangerous animal from outer space. It is an expression used about 400 years ago by the British writer William Shakespeare in his play “Othello”. It describes the unpleasant feeling when someone has something he wants. For example, a young man may suffer from the green-eyed monster if you get a pay rise and he does not.
In most places in the world, a green light means to move ahead. In everyday speech, a green light means agree to continue with a project.
（1）A greenhorn now refers to ____________.
A．a person who is new in a job B．a new soldier.
C．a young horse D．a cow without horns
（2）A person with a green thumb is a person _______.
A．who is good at growing plants
B．whose thumbs are of green color
C．whose garden is greener than others'
D．who is younger than his neighbors
（3）A man may meet the green-eyed monster if ____.
A．he sees a dangerous animal
B．he reads a sad play
C．his friend gets a prize that he wants
D．he can't get something
（4）The main idea of the passage is ________.
A．a greenhorn B．a green thumb
C．the Green Revolution D．the word “green” and its story
二、单选题
3．Can computers completely take the place of human beings ________？No one can tell.
A．by the end B．at the end C．in the end D．until the end
4．—We need an immediate reply.
—I see. I'll send the paper to you ________.
A．just now B．sooner or later
C．right away D．for a while
5．The article discusses the ________ which led to the outbreak of the war.
A．matter B．affairs C．events D．business
6．The houses across the street are ________，but they were very good a few years ago.
A．in rows B．in ruins C．in number D．in detail
7．It was a ________ story，and we all got ________.
A．shocking；shocking B．shocked；shocked
C．shocking；shocked D．shocked；shocking
8．—Is there good news from your friend
—Yes，many valuables have been ________ in the working site.
A．come out B．worked out C．dug out D．brought out
9．He was so ________ thought that he didn't see the pole on the road.
A．buried in B．careful with C．busy with D．serious about
10．The heat in the desert is ________; therefore there are few plants growing there.
A．hot B．wide C．serious D．extreme
11．—Why didn't Angus come to school today
—He ________ his leg while playing football yesterday.
A．beat B．kicked C．knocked D．injured
12．—Sorry, Daddy. I am not getting on well with my studies.
—Well.________ you hadn't wasted so much time playing online games.
A．As if B．Even if C．If only D．Only if
三、单词拼写
13．单词拼写。
结合语境，根据汉语或首字母提示用单词的适当形式填空。
（1）The dam (爆裂) under the weight of water.
（2）Although the world is full of (苦难), we don't fear it.
（3）Many people are reported killed and (受伤) in the incident.
（4）Life would be very difficult without (电).
（5）The whole city lay in (废墟) after the earthquake.
（6）Everybody on this earth needs food, s , and clothing.
（7）Every year natural's d can cause heavy loss to the world.
（8）Most of the buildings were completely d in the earthquake.
（9）Her head was b in the book when she was reading.
（10）The life boat was sent out to r the sailors from the sinking ship.
四、其他
14．课文缩写。
根据课文大意，在每个空格处填上一个合适的单词。
Several days before July 28, 1976, many things happened in Tangshan. They were signs for an . But people lived there didn't think much of that. At 3:42 am that day, the earth began to shake, which almost all the city in fifteen terrible seconds. Many people, including workers and doctors, came to those who were under the ruins. Later that afternoon, another big earthquake hit the city. More people were killed or and more buildings down. Very soon the army sent a lot of soldiers to help, and teams were to dig out the trapped and to the dead. By and by things improved and the city began to breathe again.
15．用所给词的适当形式填空。
（1）It (shock) me to see how my neighbors treated their children.
（2）They were (trap) in the burning hotel.
（3）Two players are out of the team because of (injure).
（4）We shouldn't waste (electrical) in our daily life.
（5）Death finally brought an end to his (suffer).
（6）This tie is (dirt), so I'll take it to the cleaner's.
（7）In India there is a (nation) festival on October 20 to honour Mahandas Gandhi.
（8）I think it is dangerous to be a (mine).
五、用所给词的正确形式填空
16．选词填空。
根据语境，用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。（每个短语仅使用一次）
right away, at an end, dig out, suffer from, in ruins, thousands of, be trapped in. as if
（1） people gathered on the square watching the fireworks.
（2）More than a dozen people of the avalanche(雪崩) alive.
（3）Just wait for me on the spot; I will come .
（4）All the students the heavy rain yesterday.
（5）Do you often the headache after you have a cold
（6）When we arrived at the cinema, the film was nearly .
（7）A big fire left the house when I was very young.
（8）It seemed he had known the bad news.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意题；说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震起因及历史上几次大地震。
（1）考查段落大意。通读第一段可知，本段介绍了地震的起因。故选B。
（2）考查词义猜测。一块岩石有可能用力挤压另一块岩石，地壳的能量发生了改变导致岩石晃动，于是地震发生了。vibration意为“晃动”，故A项正确。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“…in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed about seventy-five thousand people.”可知，C项正确。
（4）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.”可知，D项正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；教育文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了与green有关的几个短语的含义以及这些短语的意义的历史变迁。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”By the 18th century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today—a person who is new in a job. “可知现在“greenhorn”就是指工作方面的新手。故A正确。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”A person with a green thumb can make plants grow quickly and well.“可知“A person with a green thumb”是指一个能让植物长得很好的人，也就是擅长园艺的人。故A正确。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”It describes the unpleasant feeling when someone has something he wants. For example, a young man may suffer from the green-eyed monster if you get a pay rise and he does not.”可知the green-eyed monster就是指嫉妒别人拥有了你想要的东西的人。所以当你的朋友得到了你想要的奖项的时候，你会很嫉妒他。就可能会遇见the green-eyed monster。故C正确。
（4）考查主旨大意。文章中叙述了的多个关于green的短语“a greenhorn、 a green thumb和the green-eyed monster”的不同意义以及这些短语的来历和在不同的时期的不同的含义。故D正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：电脑最终能取代人吗？没有人说得清。in the end“最后，最终”，相当于副词，可以作状语，此处正是作句子的时间状语；A、B项短语不存在，要构成短语必须在后面加of，并且加上宾语；D项until用于肯定句中，谓语动词必须是持续性动词，很显然本句谓语动词不是；故选C。
【点评】考查固定短语，掌握by the end；at the end；in the end。
4．【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们需要立刻回复。——明白。我立刻送文件给你。right away意为“立刻，马上”，与上文“an immediate reply”相一致。just now刚才；sooner or later迟早；for a while一会儿，故选C。
【点评】考查固定短语，区分just now，sooner or later，right away，for a while的含义。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这篇文章讨论了引起这场战争的事件。表示“大事，要事，有意义或不同寻常之事”用event。matter表示“须留心的要事或问题、难题”；affair表示“繁杂或较多的事务”；business表示“指派的任务、责任”，故选C。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分matter，affairs，events，business的含义。
6．【答案】B
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：街对面的那座房子上破败不堪，但是几年前他们很好。in rows”成行，成排“；in ruins”毁坏，破败不堪“；in number”总共“；in detail”详细地“。故选B。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分in rows，in ruins，in number，in detail的含义。
7．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这是一个令人震惊的故事，我们都感到大吃一惊。shocking”令人震惊的“，指事物或人本身的性质；shocked”感到震惊的“，指人的心理感受。第一空主语为物，用shocking，第二空主语为人，用shocked，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分shocking，shocked的应用。
8．【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：“从朋友那里带来了什么好消息吗？”“是的。从工地上挖出了许多贵重物品。”come out“出现，出版”；work out“解决，计算出”；dig out“掘出；发现”；bring out“阐明；出版”。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分come out，work out，dig out，bring out的含义。
9．【答案】A
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：他太专心于思考了，以至于没看到公路上的柱子。be buried in”埋头于，专心于“；be careful with”当心，小心“；be busy with”忙于“；be serious about”对……认真的“。故只有A项符合句意。
【点评】考查形容词短语，区分be buried in，be careful with，be busy with，be serious about的含义。
10．【答案】D
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：沙漠里的热是极端的；因此几乎没有植物在那里生长。hot”热的“；wide”广泛的“；serious”严重的“；extreme”极度的“。故选D。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分hot，wide，serious，extreme的含义。
11．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——为什么安格斯今天没上学？——昨天踢足球时他腿受伤了。beat“击败，跳动”；kicked“踢”；knocked“敲，撞”；injure““损害；伤害”。选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分beat，kick，knock，injure的含义。
12．【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气在目的状语从句中的运用
【解析】【分析】句意：——爸爸，对不起，我的学习情况不太好。——哦，要是你不把那么多的时间浪费在网络游戏上就好了。if only“但愿”接虚拟语气，表示对过去情况的假设。as if“好像”；even if“即使”；only if“只有”。故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，区分as if；even if；only if；if only的含义和应用。
13．【答案】（1）burst
（2）suffering
（3）injured
（4）electricity
（5）ruins
（6）shelter
（7）disasters
（8）destroyed
（9）buried
（10）rescue
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：水坝在水的重量下决口了。根据句意谓语动词用一般过去时，故填burst。
（2）句意：尽管世界充满了苦难，但是我们不畏惧。介词后名词作宾语，故填suffering。
（3）句意：报道在这起事故中许多人遇难受伤。这是一个一般过去时的被动语态，故填injured。
（4）句意：没有电生活很困难。介词后接名词，故填electricity。
（5）句意：地震之后整个城市成为废墟。in ruins固定短语“成为废墟”，故填ruins。
（6）句意：地球上的每个人需要食物，住所和衣服。名词作宾语，故填shelter。
（7）句意：每年自然灾害会给世界造成巨大损失。名词所有格后接名词，故填disasters。
（8）句意：大多数建筑在地震中被完全毁坏了。这是一个一般过去时的被动语态，故填过去分词destroyed。
（9）句意：她在埋头读书。be buried in固定短语，“专心于”，故填buried。
（10）句意：救生船被派出援救正在下沉的船上的士兵。不定式表目的，故填rescue。
【点评】考查单词拼写，要求考生在理解句义的基础上， 根据首字母和汉语提示，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。
14．【答案】strange；earthquake；who；destroyed；rescue；trapped；injured；fell；organized；bury
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：许多奇怪的事情在唐山发生了。形容词修饰名词，作定语，故填strange。
（2）句意：有地震的迹象。不定冠词后接名词单数，故填earthquake。
（3） lived there是定语从句，修饰先行词people，在从句中做主语，故填who。
（4）句意：那天凌晨3:42，地球开始摇动，在可怕的15秒内毁灭了整个城市。事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，故填destroyed。
（5）come to rescue固定短语，“援救”，因此填rescue。
（6）句意：许多人，包括工人和医生，来帮助那些困在废墟下的人们。be trapped in 固定短语“被困在......，被卡在......”，因此答案为trapped。
（7）句意：更多的人遇难或者受伤，更多的建筑倒了。形容词作表语，故填injured。
（8）fall down 固定短语“倒塌”，根据全文时态可知，用一般过去时，故填fell。
（9）这是一个一般过去时的被动语态，故填过去分词organized。
（10）不定式作目的状语，故填bury。
【点评】考查单词拼写，要求考生在理解课文的基础上，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，写出正确答案。
15．【答案】（1）shocked
（2）trapped
（3）injury
（4）electricity
（5）suffering
（6）dirty
（7）national
（8）miner
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】（1）考查时态。句意：看到我的邻居怎样对待孩子，我震惊了。根据how my neighbors treated their children，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，故填shocked。
（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：他们被困在着火的旅馆。be trapped in 固定短语，“被困在......，被卡在......”,故填trapped。
（3）考查名词。句意：两名队员因伤退出了团队。介词后接名词，故填injury。
（4）考查名词。句意：在日常生活中我们不应该浪费电。名词作宾语，故填electricity。
（5）考查名词。句意：死亡最终结束了他的痛苦。形容词性物主代词后面接名词，故填suffering。
（6）考查形容词。句意：这个领带很脏，因此我把它带到洗衣房。形容词作表语，故填dirty。
（7）考查形容词。句意：在印度10月20日是国庆节，来纪念甘地。形容词修饰名词作定语，故填national。
（8）考查名词。句意：我认为当矿工很危险。不定冠词后接可数名词单数，故填miner。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，等知识点的考查，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，结合相关语法知识，从而写出正确的单词形式。
16．【答案】（1）Thousands of
（2）were dug out
（3）right away
（4）were trapped in
（5）suffer from
（6）at an end
（7）in ruins
（8）as if
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：成千上万的人在广场上看烟花。thousands of“成千上万的”，因此答案为Thousands of。
（2）句意：有超过十二个被从雪崩里救出来的人是活着的。dig out固定短语“挖出”，根据句意，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were dug out。
（3）句意：请在现场等我，我马上就来。right away固定短语，“立刻，马上”，作状语，故填right away。
（4）句意：昨天所有的学生被困在大雨中。be trapped in固定短语，“被困在......，被卡在......”，根据时间状语yesterday，可知使用一般过去时，因此答案为were trapped in。
（5）句意：在感冒之后你经常头疼吗？suffer from固定短语“遭受，患.......疾病，受......之苦”，这是一个一般现在时的一般疑问句，故填suffer from。
（6）句意：我们到达电影院的时候，电影几乎结束了。at an end固定短语“完结，结束”，介词短语作表语，故填at an end。
（7）句意：当我小时候一场大火让这所房子成为废墟。in ruins固定短语，“成为废墟”，介词短语作宾补，故填in ruins。
（8）句意：看起来好像他们已经知道了这个坏消息。It seems as if固定句型“看起来好像......”，因此答案为as if。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，更具方框内所给的词汇，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
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