2023年中考英语复习 第2部分 第8章 动词的时态课件(共54张PPT)

(共54张PPT)
第二部分 语法精讲精练
第八章 动词的时态
知识框架
考情分析
考点梳理
技巧点拨
中考集训
语篇训练
考点 题型
语法选择 短文填空
一般现在时 2021(第32题) 2021(第68题)
现在进行时 / /
现在完成时 / 2021(第71题)2022(第72题)
一般过去时 2020(第32, 36题) 2021(第39题) 2022(第37, 39题) 2020(第72题)2021(第69题)
过去进行时 / /
一般将来时 2021(第37题) /
分析： 广东中考近三年非常注重时态的考查， 尤其是一般过去时、 现在完成时。 常常与动词的语态或从句中时态的运用进行联合考查。
考点一　现在进行时 ★
1. 表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。常译为 “现在正在……”。
结构 am/is/are＋doing(现在分词) 常用标志词： now/right now/at the moment现在， 此刻； at present现在； these days这几天， 目前； from three to five从3点到 5点； Look！看！； Listen！听！； Be quiet！安静！； Look out！/Watch out！/Be careful！小心！
否定句 am/is/are＋not＋doing
一般疑问句 把am/is/are调到句首
如： What are you doing Are you reading a book Oh, you aren't reading now！你在做什么？你在看书吗？噢！你现在没在看书！
Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. 安静！宝宝正在睡觉。
2. come来/go去/leave离开/arrive到达/begin开始/start开始/fly飞/move搬迁， 表示位置移动的动词， 常用进行时表示将来。
如： Look! The bus is coming. 看！公共汽车就要来了。
I am leaving for Shanghai. 我将出发去上海。
3. be＋介词/副词， 也可表示正在进行的动作或此时的状态。
如： He is at work.＝He is working. 他正在工作。
She isn't in.＝She isn't staying at home. 她没在家。
(　 　)1. —Where's Anna, dear
—She____an online class in her room. 【2022 昭阳】
A. is taking B. takes C. will take
A
考点二　一般现在时 ★★
1. 表示现阶段经常性、 习惯性的动作或存在的状态、 特征或客观真理。
结构 用动词原形或第三人称单数形式； (表示状态用am/is/are＋形容词/名词/介词短语) 常用标志词： always总是； often通常； usually经常； sometimes有时； every…每……； in the morning早上； on Sunday在星期天； once a week每周一次
否定句 don't/doesn't＋动词原形
一般疑问句 把do/does调到句首
如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东边升起， 西边落下。
Laura doesn't like playing the piano. 罗拉不喜欢弹钢琴。
Does he teach you English？他教你英语吗？
2. 在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中， 从句用一般现在时， 主句用一般将来时。
从句标志词： if如果； unless除非； as soon as一……就……； when当……时候； not… until… 直到……才……； before在……之前
如： You'll be late for school if you don't take a taxi. 如果你不乘坐出租车， 你上学就会迟到。
He can't go to sleep until he finishes his work. 他直到完成工作才能去睡觉。
(　 　)2. I hear that it often ____ in Sichuan and there are usually floods(洪水), especially in summer.
A. rains B. rained C. will rain
(　 　)3. She will fly to Haikou as soon as she ____ the task. 【2021 绥化改编】
A. will finish B. finishes C. finished
A
B
考点三　一般过去时 ★★★
表示过去某时发生的动作、 存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。
结构 用动词过去式； (表示状态用was/were＋形容词/名词/介词短语) 常用标志词： just now刚刚； three days ago三天之前； the other day前几天； used to过去常常； last week 上个星期； in 1998 在1998年； at the end of last term在上学期末； in the old days在过去的日子里
否定句 didn't＋动词原形
一般疑问句 把did调到句首
如： It was really hot yesterday. 昨天真的很热。
She didn't tell you the truth. 她没有告诉你真相。
Did the little girl achieve her dream？这个小女孩实现她的梦想了吗？
(　 　)4. In my school days, I ____ a lot of reading in English every day. That was how I learned English at that time. 【2021 徐州改编】
A. do B. did C. have done
B
考点四　一般将来时 ★★
1. 表示将要发生的动作、 状态， 或计划、 打算、 准备要做某事， 常译为 “将……”。
结构 will＋动词原形 am/is/are going to＋动词原形 常用标志词： soon很快； tomorrow明天； the day after tomorrow后天； in the future在将来； next year明年； in a few days/in a few days' time几天后； in 2 hours两小时后； in 2026在2026年； from now on从现在起
否定句 will not/won't＋动词原形 am/is/are not going to＋动词原形
一般疑 问句 把will或am/is/are调到句首
如： I'm going to be a policewoman when I grow up. 当我长大的时候， 我将成为一名女警察。
They won't leave before ten. 他们在10点前不会离开。
There will be/There is going to be a football match tomorrow. 明天将举办一场足球赛。
Will you go for a walk after dinner？晚饭后你会去散步吗？
2. 在条件或时间状语从句中， 从句用一般现在时， 主句用一般将来时， 简称为 “主将从现”。
从句标志词： if如果； unless除非； as soon as一……就……； when当……时候；
not… until… 直到……才……； before在……之前； or否则
如： You will fail your test unless you work hard. 如果你不努力学习， 你考试将会不及格。
The boy will go to sleep as soon as his father gets home. 他爸爸一回到家， 男孩就去睡觉。
(　 　)5. Don't leave your toys on the table, or I____ them away. 【2022 江西改编】
A. threw B. will throw C. have thrown
B
考点五　过去进行时 ★★
表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行或发生的动作， 常译为 “那时正在……”。
结构 was/were＋doing(现在分词) 常用标志词： at 2 yesterday昨天两点钟； at this time yesterday昨天这个时候； while/when当……时候； then/at that time/at that moment那时
否定句 wasn't/weren't＋doing
一般疑问句 把was/were调到句首
如： I was doing my homework at 8：00 yesterday evening. 昨晚八点我在做作业。
They weren't playing the drums when I passed by. 当我经过的时候， 他们没在打鼓。
Were you taking a shower when I called you 当我打电话给你时， 你在洗澡吗？
(　 　)6. Lingling met her favorite presenter(节目主持人) while she ____ the radio station. 【2021 大连改编】
A. visits B. will visit C. was visiting
C
考点六　现在完成时 ★★★
1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响， 或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态， 常译为 “到现在为止已经……/到现在为止曾经……/到现在为止还没……”。
结构 have/has＋done(过去分词) 常用标志词： since自从； for持续； already已经； yet已经， 仍然， 还； so far到目前为止； recently最近； ever曾经； twice两次； in/over the last/past few years最近/过去的几年以来
否定句 haven't/hasn't＋done
一般疑问句 把have/has调到句首
如： I have cleaned my room twice. 我已经打扫我的房间两次了。
She hasn't finished her homework yet. 她还没有完成她的作业。
Have you written to your brother？你已经写信给你的哥哥了吗？
(　 　)7. I saw Julia in April and I ____ her since then. 【2021 南京改编】
A. don't see B. didn't see C. haven't seen
(　 　)8. Over the past few months, Chinese COVID vaccines(疫苗) ____ in many other countries. 【2021 黄石改编】
A. have arrived B. arrived C. will arrive
C
A
2. 与表示一段时间的标志词连用， 短暂性动词要变为延续性动词。
中文 短暂性动词 延续性动词/状态 延续性动词/状态的现在完成时
借 borrow/lend keep保管 have kept
买 buy have拥有 have had
穿上 put on wear穿着 have worn
患感冒 catch a cold have a cold感冒 have had a cold
变成 become be have been
开始 start/begin be on have been on
死 die be dead have been dead
中文 短暂性动词 延续性动词/状态 延续性动词/状态的现在完成时
结束 finish/end be over have been over
开 open be open have been open
关 close be closed have been closed
结婚 marry be married have been married
参加 join be in/be a member of have been in/have been a member of
来 come be here have been here
中文 短暂性动词 延续性动词/状态 延续性动词/状态的现在完成时
到达 get to/arrive/reach be in have been in
去 go be off have been off
离开 leave be away from have been away from
返回 return be back have been back
睡着 fall asleep be asleep have been asleep
交朋友 make friends be friends have been friends
如： He has been in the army since 5 years ago. 他自从五年前就是一名军人了。
The movie has been on for 10 minutes. 电影已经开始10分钟了。
(　 　)9. —What do you usually do in your spare time
—I often go to our community library. It ____ for two years in order to encourage us to read more.
A. opens B. has opened C. has been open
C
3. 常用的现在完成时的句型结构
(1)This/That/It is＋the＋序数词＋time that＋现在完成时的句子
如： It is the first time that I have visited Beijing. 这是我第一次参观北京。
(2)It has been/It's＋时间段＋since一般过去时的从句
如： It has been/It's three years since we met each other last time. 自从我们上次见面以来已经有三年了。
(3)时间段＋has passed＋since一般过去时的从句
如： Many years has passed since we knew each other. 我们已经认识多年了。
4. 用法辨析
(1)already和yet的区别
词汇 用法 含义
already 用于肯定句， 放句中 已经
yet 用于否定句或疑问句， 放句末 已经； 还
如： He has already told me the secret. 他已经告诉我这个秘密了。
I haven't fed my pet dog yet. 我还没喂我的宠物狗。
(2)for和since的区别
词汇 用法 含义
for 后面接一段时间 持续……
since 后接ago/一般过去时的句子/具体的过去时间 自从……以来
如： I have studied in this school for 3 years. 我已经在这所学校学习了三年。
I have studied in this school since 3 years ago. 我三年前就开始在这所学校学习了。
I have studied in this school since I was 12 years old. 我12岁就开始在这所学校学习了。
(3)have been to, have gone to和have been (in/at…)的区别
短语 含义
have been to 曾经去过(人已回来)
have gone to 已经去了(人不在这里)
have been (in/at…) 待在……一段时间
如： Have you ever been to Hong Kong 你曾经去过香港吗？
Linda isn't at home. She has gone to the library. 琳达不在家， 她已经去了图书馆。
The Greens have been in China for 10 years. 格林一家人已经待在中国10年了。
(4)现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
时态 区别
现在完成时 侧重对现在的影响
一般过去时 只是对过去的描述， 不强调影响， 是过去的时间点发生的事情
注意： when提问时间点， 不能跟现在完成时连用
如： I have had breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐了。(已经饱了， 不用再吃了)
I had breakfast. 我吃过早餐了。(仅描述过去的事情， 没有饱不饱的含义)
Dereck has watched the movie. When did he watch it？德雷克已经看过这部电影了。他什么时候看的？
(　 　)10. —Who is playing the piano in the music room Is it Mary
—No, it can't be her. She____to Beijing on business. 【2022 达州改编】
A. has been B. has gone C. will go
(　 　)11. China ____ great achievements in science and technology since 1978. 【2021 贺州改编】
A. make B. made C. has made
B
C
动词的时态与语法选择、 短文填空
(1)关注句中的时间状语。
These experiences in China gave him ideas for his books. Since then, he has 71 thirteen books about China. 【2021 广东】
解析： 根据句意可知， 此处表达 “写书”。 由时间状语 “Since then” 可知， 此处用现在完成时(has/have＋过去分词), 故填written。
written
(2)结合上下文语境中的动词时态进行选择。
Sometimes she was tired that she felt like crying, she would find … and cried aloud. She 39 herself that she still had a long way to go and that she should keep practicing. 【2022 广东】
( )39. A. tell B. tells C. told
解析： 根据上下文谓语动词(felt, cried, had)的时态可知， 此处应用一般过去时， 故选C。
C
(3)若所考查的动词位于从句中， 则要结合主句的时态进行考虑。 若从句中并没有明显的时间状语， 还需根据句子的语境判断时态。
Now, the city is hoping that the bridge 37 lots of tourists to the area. 【2021 广东】
( )37. A. brought B. will bring
C. is bringing D. was bringing
解析： 空格位于宾语从句中， 而宾语从句的时态变化规律为 “主现从任， 主过从过”。 由于主句为现在时， 故从句的时态应根据语境决定。 根据本句的句意可知， 该城市希望这座桥会给这个地方带来大量的游客。 带来游客这个事情还未发生， 故用一般将来时， 选B。
B
(　 　)1. —What are you saving money for
—Father's Day is around the corner. I____a gift for my father. 【2022 安徽改编】
A. am going to buy B. have bought C. bought
(　 　)2. —Jane, I called you last night but nobody answered.
—Oh, my parents and I____ a walk in the park at that time. 【2022 乐山】
A. are taking B. were taking C. have taken
A
B
(　 　)3. Sometimes, I would draw pictures of other fish and sea plants and tape(粘贴) them to the side of the fish bowl, so Bob wouldn't get lonely while I____at school. 【2022 广州改编】
A. am B. was C. will be
B
(　 　)4. “Running water from the tap(水龙头) can be harmful to fish，” Dad explained. “That____we can't put Bob into fresh water right away. Instead, we need to put him in a cup with a little of the dirty water for a while.” 【2022 广州改编】
A. mean B. means C. meant
B
(　 　)5. —Congratulations! You____big progress in the last three years.
—Thank you, Mr. Li. I'll never forget the good times in Junior High. 【2022 武汉改编】
A. make B. made C. have made
C
一、 语法选择
Have you ever watched the movie Nezha: Birth of the Demon Child In this English Corner, we 1 about the movie Nezha freely now.
(　 　)1. A. talk B. talked C. are talking
C
As we all know, the movie 2 one of the most popular movies in our country since July, 2019. With dark circles under his eyes, rosacea(酒糟鼻) and big teeth, Nezha was a naughty(淘气的) kid and he 3 fighting. People didn't like him for a long time. However, with the love of his parents, Nezha became a hero finally.
(　 　)2. A. became B. becomes C. has become
(　 　)3. A. liked B. likes C. will like
C
A
Nezha's mother was an independent and brave woman. She took time off from work to grow up with him so that he 4 able to live a happy life. Nezha's father 5 to find ways and even lost his life to save his son. He always loved Nezha with all his heart. They just wanted to be there for Nezha.
(　 　)4. A. has been B. was C. is
(　 　)5. A. has tried B. will try C. tried
B
C
The other main character, Aobing, was a kind and smart kid. But he was also very lonely, because his family were strict with him. While other kids 6 games, he had to learn skills day and night. His father placed all his hopes on him and made him work hard for success. How much he wanted his family said “I 7 you” to him! Unluckily, no one ever said that.
(　 　)6. A. were playing B. are playing C. play
(　 　)7. A. was loving B. will love C. love
A
C
The movie 8 us how we should educate our children. If we show correct guidance, enough accompany(陪伴) and fully understanding, every child 9 a good child. Everyone 10 to love and be loved. Everyone needs friends, understanding and help, which will all lead to a better world.
(　 　)8. A. will tell B. tells C. was telling
(　　 )9. A. is B. was C. will be
(　 　)10. A. was needing B. needs C. needed
B
B
C
二、 短文填空
Andy is a boy of 10 years old. He loves drawing. He often 1
beautiful pictures in his free time. He has 2 in many art competitions so far. But his parents have never had the time to know more about him.
draws
joined
One evening, while Andy was 3 his homework, he saw his father Mike come home. He then 4 towards Mike happily. Andy took out about 100 dollars from his pocket and handed it over to Mike. When Mike saw the money, he asked him, “Where did you get it from Did you take it from your mom？” “No, I 5 never do that，” facing his dad's anger, Andy said sadly. “I'm not a thief(小偷)．”
doing
ran/walked
will/would
After a few hours, Andy's mom politely asked him, “Andy, now can you tell me the truth？” Andy answered, “Mom, do you remember the five-dollar pocket money you 6 me every weekend？”
“Yes, I do，” his mom answered.
“My friend and I bought some paper and paints. We often drew some pictures on weekends and 7 them to nearby stores. That's why I 8 so much money.”
give
sold
made
Andy's mom was so surprised by her son. She hugged him and said, “9 we have more time to care about you, we will never make such a mistake！” 10 the same time, his dad also came to hug Andy, and said sorry again and again.
From that day on, they know that what's important at this moment is enjoying the time they spend together.
If
At