2023年中考英语复习 第2部分 第4章 数　词课件(共47张PPT)

(共47张PPT)
第二部分 语法精讲精练
第四章 数　词
知识框架
考情分析
考点梳理
中考集训
语篇训练
考点 题型
语法选择 短文填空
基数词 / /
序数词 / /
分析： 广东中考近三年语法选择和短文填空暂未考查到数词， 但2022年和2021年的听力理解都涉及与数字相关的题目， 故数字的拼写、 表达用法仍需特别注意。
考点一　基数词 ★★
1. 基数词的基本构成
1 one 11 eleven — 100 a hundred(one hundred)
2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 1，000 a thousand
3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 1，000，000 a million
4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 10，000，000 ten million
5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 100，000，000 a hundred million
6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 1，000，000，000 a billion
7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy —
8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty —
9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety —
10 ten — — —
(1)13～19是个位数加-teen构成。
注意： 13、 15、 18的拼写分别是thirteen, fifteen和eighteen。
(2)20～90是个位数加-ty构成。
注意： 20～50的拼写分别是twenty, thirty, forty和fifty, 80的拼写是eighty。
(3)其他非整十的两位数21～99中间加连字符 “-”。
如： 81 eighty-one
(4)101～999的基数词先写百位数， 后加and, 再写十位数和个位数。
如： 691 six hundred and ninety-one
(5)1 000以上的多位数， 要使用计数间隔或逗号 “，”。即从个位起， 每隔三位加一个间隔或逗号。第一个间隔或逗号前是thousand(千), 第二个间隔或逗号前是million(百万), 第三个间隔或逗号前是a thousand million或a billion(十亿)。
如： 5，893 five thousand, eight hundred and ninety-three
888，000，000 eight hundred and eighty-eight million
(6)在基数词中只有表示 “百” “千” 的单位词， 没有单独表示 “万” “亿” 的单位词， 而是用thousand(千)和million(百万)来表达， 其换算关系为：
1万＝10 thousand　1亿＝100 million　10亿＝a thousand million＝a billion
(　 　)1. —How many books are there on the shelf
—Well. I think there are ____ books.
A. two hundred and forty-six
B. two hundreds and forty-six
C. two hundred forty-six
A
(　 　)2. The number “23，456” can be read as “____”.
A. twenty-three thousand, four hundred and fifty-six
B. twenty-three thousand and four hundred fifty-six
C. two three thousand and four five six
A
2. 基数词的一些重要用法
(1)表示单位的基数词(hundred, thousand, million, billion)前面有数词修饰时， 表示具体数字， 不变成复数， 不能在词尾加-s。表示不确定的数目时， 基数词词尾加-s, 要与of短语连用。
如： two hundred students 两百个学生　 five thousand years 五千年　
hundreds of students 成百上千的学生
(　 　)3. In our school, every student has to choose a club to join, so about one ____ students have joined the Sports Club. 【2021 广元改编】
A. hundred of B. hundreds of C. hundred
(　 　)4. ____ volunteers were needed for 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A. Two thousand of B. Thousands of C. Thousand of
C
B
(2)时间的表达法
①顺读法(先读小时后读分钟)
如： 6：36 读成 six thirty-six　12：53 读成 twelve fifty-three
②逆读法(先读分钟后读小时)
分钟数不超过30, 读作 “几点过几分”， 即 “分钟数＋past＋点钟数”；
分钟数超过30, 读作 “几点差几分”， 即 “差的分钟数＋to＋点钟数”。
如： 7：24 读成 twenty-four past seven (分钟数小于30用past)
1：58读成 two to two(分钟数大于30用to, 且分钟数要用60减， 小时数要加1)
5：30读成half past five　3：15 读成a quarter past three
10：45读成 a quarter to eleven (半小时用half, 一刻钟用quarter)
(3)一些时间段的表达法
①half an hour 半小时
②one or two days＝a day or two 一两天
③every other day＝every two days 每隔一天； 每两天
④one hour(day, week, month, year) and a half
＝one and a half hours(days, weeks, months, years) 一个半小时(天、 星期、 月、 年)
⑤two more hours(days, weeks, months, years)
＝another two hours(days, weeks, months, years) 再多两个小时(天、 星期、 月、 年)
(4)世纪、 年代的表达法
①在80年代 in the eighties
②在20世纪 in the twentieth century
③在20世纪90年代 in the 1990s/1990's
(　 　)5. About three fifths of the students in Grade Nine this year were born in the ____.
A. 1990 B. 1990s C. 1990s'
B
(5)编号的表达法(注意大小写的变化)
①Lesson One＝the first lesson第一课
②Picture Two＝the second picture 第二幅图
③Bus No. 5＝the No. 5 bus 5路车
④Line Six＝the sixth line 第六行
⑤Room 301(读作： room three o one) 301房
⑥Page 23(读作： page twenty-three) 第23页
(　 　)6. Please turn to Page ______ and take a look at the picture on it.
A. the eightieth B. eightieth C. eighty
C
(6)百分数、 小数和倍数的表达法
①30%　thirty percent
②0.47%　zero point four seven percent
③0.01　zero point zero one
④This box is three times as large as that one.
＝This box is twice larger than that one.＝This box is three times the size of that one.
这个盒子是那个盒子的三倍大。(这个盒子比那个盒子大两倍。)
(7)加、 减、 乘、 除的表达法
①1＋1＝2　one plus one is two
②8－5＝3　eight minus five is three
③6×5＝30　six times five is thirty (six multiplied by five is thirty)
④10÷2＝5　ten divided by two is five
(　 　)7. We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen ____ we speak.
A. as twice much as
B. twice as much as
C. as much as twice
B
(8)表示整体概念(时间、 距离、 价格、 重量、 数目、 数学运算等)的词或短语作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。
如： Fifty years has passed, but he still looks young. 五十年过去了， 但他看起来依然年轻。
One million dollars is a large number for me. I can't afford the house. 一百万美元对我来说是个大数目。我买不起这个房子。
(　 　)8. Two days ____ enough for me to finish the work. I need a third day.
A. isn't B. is C. aren't
A
(9)表示年龄的常用法
①一般直接用基数词表示。
如： Her daughter is eighteen. 她的女儿18岁。
②用 “基数词＋years old” 表示， 有时可将years old 换成years of age。
如： Her daughter is eighteen years old.＝Her daughter is eighteen years of age. 她的女儿18岁。
③用 “基数词-year-old” 表示， 此结构常作(前置)定语。
如： Her 18-year-old daughter is now in the university. 她18岁的女儿现在上大学。
④用 “in one's＋几十的复数形式” 表示某人大概的年龄。
如： He went to the United States in his fifties. 他五十多岁时去了美国。
(　 　)9. —It's said that the two ____ doctors have just come back from Wuhan.
—Yeah, I know them. They are both already in their ____.
A. woman; sixty B. women; sixtieth C. women; sixties
(　 　)10. She says the dog belongs to her ____ son.
A. 9 year old B. 9-year-old C. 9 years old
C
B
考点二　序数词 ★★
1. 序数词的基本构成
数字 基数词 序数词
1 one first
2 two second
3 three third
5 five fifth
8 eight eighth
9 nine ninth
12 twelve twelfth
20 twenty twentieth
数字 基数词 序数词 注意事项
30 thirty thirtieth ①基变序， 有规律， 末尾加上-th; “一、 二、 三” 特殊记， 结尾字母tdd
②“八” 减t, “九” 减e, f 要把-ve 替， -ty把y变ie
③如果遇到几十几， 只变个位就可以
40 forty fortieth
50 fifty fiftieth
60 sixty sixtieth
70 seventy seventieth
80 eighty eightieth
90 ninety ninetieth
96 ninety-six ninety-sixth
(1)个别序数词和基数词在拼写时很容易写错， 应特别注意。
它们是： one→first　two→second　three→third　five→fifth　eight→eighth　nine→ninth　twelve→twelfth
(2)序数词有时用缩写形式。
first→1st　second→2nd　third→3rd　fourth→4th　 twenty-second→22nd
(　 　)11. —Our school is going to hold the ____ Culture Festival.
—I see. And we can take part in the activity again. 【2021 乐山】
A. five B. fifth C. fifths
B
2. 序数词的一些重要用法
(1)序数词在使用时， 一般在前面加定冠词the或形容词性物主代词等限定词。
如： the second day第二天　my first visit to Beijing 我第一次游览北京
(2)序数词有时前面可加不定冠词a/an来表示 “再一， 又一” 的意思。
如： We'll have to do it a second time. 我们还得再做第二次。
(3)表示年、 月、 日时， 用基数词表示年， 用序数词表示日。
如： 1949年10月1日　读作： October the first, nineteen forty-nine
写作： October 1st, 1949(先写月日或日月， 再写年份)
2004年9月10日　读作： September the tenth, two thousand and four
写作： 10th September, 2004
(4)表示分数时， 分子用基数词表示， 分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时， 分母加-s。
如： three fourths四分之三　one second＝one half＝a half二分之一
two thirds三分之二　one fourth＝one quarter＝a quarter 四分之一
two fifths五分之二　three fourths＝three quarters 四分之三
注意： 分数作主语时， 谓语动词用单数还是复数要根据分数后的名词单复数来确定。
如： One third of the students in our class are girls. 我们班里三分之一的学生是女生。
Two fifths of the water is wasted. 五分之二的水被浪费了。
(　 　)12. —Susan, how many women teachers are there in your school
—In our school, ____ of the teachers ____ women teachers. 【2021 玉林改编】
A. third fourth; are
B. third fourth; is
C. three fourths; are
C
(　 　)1. In our city museum, there are many old things from two
____years ago on show. 【2022 齐齐哈尔】
A. thousands B. thousands of C. thousand
(　 　)2. Lily was angry because Jerry ate____of her twelve apples secretly. Now she has only four left. 【2022 营口改编】
A. one third B. two thirds C. two third
C
B
(　 　)3. The ____ 3D-printed bridge in Chengdu, with its widest part reaching 8 meters and highest point hitting 2.68 meters, is really amazing. 【2022 成都改编】
A. 21.58 meter long
B. 21.58 meters long
C. 21.58-meter-long
C
(　 )4. We have history class at____ o'clock every Friday afternoon. 【2022 北京改编】
A. third B. the third C. three
(　 )5. The ____ lady was brave enough to save a young man in the lake. 【2022 重庆A卷改编】
A. 62 year old B. 62-year-old C. 62 years old
C
B
一、 语法选择
One day, a little boy held a coin and asked the shop owners, “Excuse me, do you sell God？” The boy went to many stores, asking the same questions, but each time he was refused.
Then, the boy came to the 1 store. A grandpa in his 2 smiled and asked the little boy, “Why do you want to buy God？”
(　 　)1. A. sixty nine B. sixty-nine C. sixty-ninth
(　 　)2. A. sixty B. sixties C. sixtieth
C
B
The boy told him that his parents had died when he was still 3 and his uncle was now bringing up him. But his uncle was seriously ill and was unconscious(昏迷的). The doctor told the boy that 4 patients who were ill like his uncle died and only God could save his uncle.
(　 　)3. A. 2 year old B. 2 years old C. 2-year-old
(　 　)4. A. thousands of B. thousands C. thousand of
B
A
“How much do you have？” the old man asked.
“ 5 dollar，” said the child.
“My boy, it's just the God's price，” said the old man.
Then the storekeeper took a bottle of “God” from the 6 shelf. “Take it, boy! When your uncle has it, God will help in 7 ．”
(　 　)5. A. First B. The first C. One
(　 　)6. A. three B. third C. a third
(　 　)7. A. one or two day
B. one and two day
C. one or two days
C
B
C
The next day, the little boy's uncle was moved to a room which was 8 bigger than the one before. And a medical team made up of 9 experts came to the hospital. They performed an 10 operation(手术). It was very successful. When the uncle knew how much he needed to pay for the operation, he almost passed out. However, the hospital told him a rich elderly man had already paid for it.
(　 　)8. A. two B. twice C. second
(　 　)9. A. eight B. eighth C. the eighth
(　 　)10. A. 8-hour B. 8-hours C. 8 hour
B
A
A
二、 短文填空
There was once a painter whose goal was to paint the most beautiful painting in the world. He is almost 40 1 old. Day and night he painted to make his greatest work. He painted many paintings, but he would throw away those that he thought were less than perfect without thinking 2 .
years
twice
At the same time, 3 painter in the same studio(工作室) also painted many paintings. He tried 4 best to paint and hardly threw any paintings away. The first painter would sometimes look at the second painter's finished works and laugh, “No 5 will ever buy these paintings. They are worthless！”
another
his
one
The 6 painter would always answer, “We'll see.” And in time, he sold nearly all of his works. People were happy with 7 ， even if they were less than perfect.
The 8 painter never achieved what he wanted and finally gave up on his dream of perfection. He went home without any money as he had never sold 9 of his paintings.
second
them
first
any
There is a saying, “Practice makes perfect.” It is used to say that people become better 10 something if they do it often. However, in fact, this saying is not always true. Nobody is perfect, and looking for perfection often ends in failure. If we simply do our best and work hard, we can usually succeed in life.
at