2023年江西中考英语复习 题型一　(一)完形填空(A)课件(共38张PPT)

(共38张PPT)
题型一　完形填空
(一)完形填空(A)
分析江西近八年中考真题可知，完形填空A命题特点如下：
1．文体：说明文。
2．话题：百科知识(2021,2018)、环保理念(2017,2015)、异国文化(2020)、社会现象(2019)、文娱体育(2016)、健康生活(2014)。
3．词数、段落及生词量：词数：270～360词；段落：3～6段；生词量：3～7个。
4．考查点：名词(2～5道)、动词(1～4道)、动词短语(0～1道)、形容词(2～4道)、副词(1～2道)、代词(0～2道)、连词(1～2道)、介词或介词短语(0～1道)、宾语从句引导词(0～1道)、情态动词(0～1道)。
5．考查方式：语境推断(8年77考)、词汇复现(8年18考)、逻辑推理(8年12考)、生活常识(8年10考)、语法知识(8年3考)。
语境推断
语境推断是指根据上下文的语境提示或暗示，身临其境地理解文章的语境和作者的情感态度，推断出符合场景的最佳选项。所谓语境，就是指文章的上下文，它包含文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表达的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。此类试题主要包含三种类型：
前置性设空：前文一般会给出举例或说明，需结合上文语意和语境进行适当的推理分析，综合判断，得出答案；
后置性设空：需要结合下文内容选出正确答案，通常下文有提示、举例、解释或说明；
联系语篇：需要联系全文的情境、内容确定答案，主要考查文章的主旨要义、作者的观点态度等，这类题目在首段或末尾居多。
◆ 典例剖析 ◆
(2021·江西节选)There are many 35 the spider uses its web to catch food. For example, some spiders produce a single thread.An insect then sits on it without realizing what it is doing, and becomes stuck. Slowly, the spider moves towards the insect.Suddenly, it covers its food in silk.
35．A.problems　　　　　 B．reasons
C．steps D．ways
剖析：设空处为本段主题句。由空后内容可知，本段主要介绍了蜘蛛是如何捕捉猎物的，由此推知此处是指“方法”。故选D。
◆ 微技能训练 ◆
Cloze 1(2021·河南节选)
From that day, Monica's life changed for the better.At the age of 23, she became a news reader.People who see her on television now will find it hard to 1 that she was once a shy girl who refused to speak up in class.
1．A.expect B．believe
C．discuss D．express
答案：B
Cloze 2(2021·杭州节选)
One area in which we had a lot of rules was table 2 .For example, we weren't allowed to start our meal until the oldest person had started.We had to say “thank you” when our food was served and eat everything on our plates before we could leave the table.We couldn't make any noise when eating.Worse than that, we were only allowed to have sweets at the weekend, as a special treat if we had been good.
2．A.designs B．manners
C．materials D．sizes
答案：B
Cloze 3(2021·南京节选)
The boy said，“You go into the forest and look for somebody who wants to cut down a tree.You take away his axe (斧)．You tell him about how 3 trees are.You say they are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter (避难所) to birds and other animals.”
3．A.wild B．common
C．wealthy D．important
答案：D
词汇复现
词汇复现指的是某一词以原词、同义词、近义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中，从而使语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系得以相互衔接。
◆ 典例剖析 ◆
(2021·江西节选)They weigh almost nothing.Yet they are 29 than steel.In fact, some spiders' webs are among the world's strongest materials, but they can be pulled longer than elastic (橡皮筋)．
29．A.stronger B．brighter
C．heavier D．thicker
剖析：根据空后“some spiders' webs are among the world's strongest materials”可知，此处是指蜘蛛网比钢铁还要“坚硬”，本题是“strongest”的比较级复现。故选A。
(2021·江西节选)Each kind has a different 33 .Some webs create an egg box.Others provide hiding places.The most common purpose of a spider web, however, is to catch food.
33．A.direction B．purpose
C．size D．name
剖析：根据空后内容可知，本段介绍了不同蜘蛛网的不同用途和目的，此处是指每种蜘蛛网都有不同的“目的”。本题是“purpose”的原词复现。故选B。
◆ 微技能训练 ◆
Cloze 4(2021·河北节选)
Every school has rules for students to follow.However，some students may see the 4 as a way which teachers control them. Sometimes, they're unhappy and even feel angry.
4．A.rules B．excuses
C．facts D．examples
答案：A
Cloze 5(2021·陕西节选)
In our human society, when a child's 5 meet their unfortunate (不幸的) deaths for a certain reason or reasons，or its parents become too sick to look after it, this child will have to find a foster family, especially when it is a baby or at a very young age.
5．A.relatives B．neighbors
C．parents D．friends
答案：C
Cloze 6(2021·河南节选)
Miss White advised Monica to practice, to 6 that she was speaking confidently in front of her class. For a whole week, Monica practiced speaking in front of her imaginary friends and teacher.
6．A.realize B．examine
C．imagine D．introduce
答案：C
逻辑推理
逻辑推理是指通过分析设空的前后句或者上下文语境的逻辑关系来解答试题。常见的表示逻辑关系的词如下：
◆ 典例剖析 ◆
(2021·江西节选)In fact, some spiders' webs are among the world's strongest materials， 30 they can be pulled longer than elastic (橡皮 筋)．They can be any shape.Spider webs are amazing.
30．A.so B．but
C．if D．or
剖析：根据空前“一些蜘蛛网是世界上最坚硬的物质之一”与空后“它们可以拉得比橡皮筋还长”可知，此处为转折关系。故选B。
(2021·江西节选)Some spiders use a different kind of trick.They make webs that cheat insects.An insect sees the web and thinks it's a flower.It then lands on the web.The spider can feel even the smallest movement of the web，and rushes at the insect 41 it can get away.
41．A.when B．before
C．until D．unless
剖析：根据句意可知，此处是指蜘蛛甚至能感受到蜘蛛网最轻微的动静，在昆虫逃走“前”就冲向它，此处应用before引导时间状语从句。故选B。
◆ 微技能训练 ◆
Cloze 7(2021·河南节选)
Finally, Monday arrived. 7 Monica was called upon to give her speech, she stood up and walked to the front of the class without any notes, in a show of confidence.Monica's successful performance brought everyone a great surprise.The whole class clapped (鼓掌) for a full minute when she completed her speech. Miss White smiled. She had
known that Monica would make it when she bravely took her first step to overcome her fear of speaking in public.
7．A.When B．Since
C．After D．Though
答案：A
Cloze 8(2021·云南节选)
One day, my friend and I were riding our bikes in a park.My mother knew I had just learned how to ride for a short time， 8 she asked me to wear some safety equipment (装备)．
8．A.or B．but
C．since D．so
答案：D
Cloze 9(2021·天津节选)
Jessica Cox did not have hands to catch balls with， 9 she did not have arms to climb with.Jessica imagined herself as a girl of unusually (不寻常地) great ability.
9．A.so B．but
C．and D．though
答案：C
生活常识
生活常识指考生在联系语境的基础上，结合生活常识解答题目。生活常识涉及生活百科、人文风俗、中西方文化等。解答此类试题，考生需要在日常生活中广泛阅读和积极参与生活实践，以便开拓视野，积累生活经验。
◆ 典例剖析 ◆
(2020·江西节选)Life hasn't changed much for cowboys since the early days. Cows walk across huge plains (草原) to 39 the grass and the cowboy rides on his horse to bring them home.
39．A.catch B．eat
C．touch D．take
剖析：根据句意并结合生活常识可知，奶牛穿过大草原是为了吃草。故选B。
◆ 微技能训练 ◆
Cloze 10(2021·安徽节选)
I got a lot from my study in China.It has greatly influenced me and helped me develop into a more skillful 10 .This Chinese art gives me plenty of tools, so I can use them when I perform (表演) other shows in Europe.
10．A.writer B．doctor
C．actor D．pilot
答案：C
Cloze 11(2021·齐齐哈尔节选)
Have you ever noticed that your fingers are wrinkled (有皱纹的) when you've just finished swimming or 11 clothes It seems that your hands have aged 30 years in a short time.
11．A.making B．washing
C．folding D．buying
答案：B
语法知识
语法知识指借助所学的语法知识解答试题。在做此类试题时，考生需要在结合全文语境的基础上，联系所学语法知识解题。具体可结合讲解册[第二部分 语法专题篇]进行复习。
◆ 典例剖析 ◆
(2017·江西节选)People and products need to move from city to city and country to country.However, we all know 37 most cars, motorcycles, boats and planes cause air pollution.
37．A.how B．why
C．when D．that
剖析：分析句子结构可知，本句为宾语从句，且空处缺少宾语从句引导词。从句不缺成分且意义完整，应用引导词that。故选D。
(2017·江西节选)English engineers Dick and Jem designed a solar powered (太阳能) water taxi.The water taxi 48 run for a day after being recharged (充电)．
48．A.must B．can
C．should D．need
剖析：根据句意可知，此处表示水上出租车充电后“能够”行驶一天。故选B。
◆ 微技能训练 ◆
Cloze 12(2021·南京节选)
Ecologists (生态学家) also study the balance of using the environment while protecting it.
An ecologist once asked a boy 12 he thought it meant to protect the environment.
12．A.who B．whose
C．why D．what
答案：D
Cloze 13(2021·玉林节选)
After one week, the game was finally over.The teacher asked，“How did you feel while carrying the potatoes with you for one week？” The children started complaining of the trouble 13 they had to go through carrying the heavy and smelly potatoes here and there.
13．A.that B．what
C．when D．whether
答案：A
Cloze 14(2021·天水节选)
Molly was upset.She wanted a turn on the swing, too！What could she do Molly could tell the teacher.However，her teacher always wanted them to try to solve the problem first.What 14 she try
14．A.must B．might
C．shall D．could
答案：D