2023年江西中考英语复习 专题二　代词课件(共73张PPT)

(共73张PPT)
专题二　代词
知识导图
江西省中考八年命题规律及趋势
中考预测
从近八年江西中考来看，代词是每年的必考点，主要考查人称代词、复合不定代词及指示代词。对代词的直接考查体现在完形填空A、B中，单项填空考查代词较少。但是阅读理解几乎每年都会涉及代词指代关系题。综合来看，代词在中考备考中需被重视。
人称代词
[考点剖析]
一、人称代词(2019、T37；2018、T39 &T59；2015、T47)
人称代词有主格和宾格之分。主格在句中作主语和表语；宾格作动词或介词的宾语，也可作表语。
人称代词的人称和数的变化如下：
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
二、物主代词
物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词一般用于名词前修饰名词，而名词性物主代词本身就具有名词的性质，相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”。
This is my red schoolbag.＝This red schoolbag is mine.这个红色的书包是我的。
物主代词具体分类如下：
人称 数 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词
第一人称 单数形式 my mine
复数形式 our ours
第二人称 单数形式 your yours
复数形式 your yours
人称 数 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词
第三人称 单数形式 his his
her hers
its its
复数形式 their theirs
三、反身代词
1．反身代词的单复数形式如下：
数
人称　　　　 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself，herself，itself themselves
2.反身代词的用法
I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.
我希望你们能在聚会上玩得开心。(作宾语)
The children made model planes themselves.
孩子们自己制作飞机模型。(作同位语)
That poor boy was myself.
那个可怜的男孩就是我。(作表语)
3．反身代词的常用词组
teach oneself自学　learn by oneself自学
help oneself to随便吃(用) come to oneself苏醒
hurt oneself受伤 by oneself独自
enjoy oneself过得愉快；玩得高兴
[考点抢测]
1．Jiangxi is famous for long history and all kinds of delicious food.
A．his B．her
C．its D．our
C
2．The blue pen on the sofa is .I was looking for it everywhere.
A．I B．my
C．me D．mine
D
3．Mr.Wang，a well known teacher, is coming to our school to give a speech.I can't wait to see .
A．it B．him
C．you D．them
B
4．Li Lei and his cousin made some zongzi by during the Dragon Boat Festival.
5．Their team beat team in the football match.We had to practice more.
6．Next Sunday is my brother's birthday，so I bought a scarf as his birthday present.
themselves
our
him
不定代词
[考点剖析]
不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫作不定代词，兼有名词和形容词的功能，在句中主要用作主语、宾语、表语或定语。不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。
一、普通不定代词
1．初中阶段常见的普通不定代词如下：
some，any few，little other，another
many，much either，neither none，one
each，every both，all
2.常考的几组易混不定代词辨析
(1)some与any
词汇 用法 例句
Some 用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中 Tom has some storybooks.汤姆有一些故事书。
Would you like some milk？你想要一些牛奶吗？
词汇 用法 例句
any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中 Are there any apples on the tree？树上有苹果吗？
There aren't any buses.没有公共汽车。
(2)both、either与neither
词汇 用法 例句
both 表示“两者都” Tom's parents are both doctors. 汤姆的父母都是医生。
either 表示“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数 Either of the books is interesting. 这两本书中的任何一本都很有趣。
词汇 用法 例句
neither 表示“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数 Neither of his friends has come yet.他的两个朋友都还没来。
(3)all、any与none
相同点 均用于三个或三个以上的人或物
不同点 all 指“三个或三个以上的人或物”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数，其反义词为none
any 指“三个或三个以上的人或物中的任意一个”，只能作定语
none 指“三个或三个以上的人或物中没有一个(全部否定)”，相当于not any
[注意]　①no one用来指人，不能接of短语，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
②none不仅指人也可以指物，其后常跟of短语。none代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。
None of the information is correct.信息都不正确。
None of the soldiers are (is) afraid of difficulties.
战士们都不怕困难。
(4)few、a few和little、a little
few用于否定句，意为“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词；a few用于肯定句，意为“有一点”，修饰可数名词；little用于否定句，意为“几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词；a little用于肯定句，意为“有一点”，修饰不可数名词。
(5)each与every
不定代词 用法及意义 例句
each 指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的每一个，意为“每个；各自的” There are trees and flowers on each side of the street.街道的每一边都有树和花。
every 强调整体，表示“每个都”，指三个或三个以上的人或事物中的每一个 Every student has read a poem.每个学生都读了一首诗。
二、复合不定代词(2016、2015考)
复合不定代词一直是江西中考的常考点，学生对此要熟练掌握。常见的复合不定代词如下：
somebody
(某人) anybody
(任何人) nobody
(没有人) everybody
(每人)
someone
(某人) anyone
(任何人) no one
(没有人) everyone
(每人)
something
(某事) anything
(任何事) nothing
(没有东西) everything
(每件事)
1.由some构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，也可用于建议或请求的疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答。
2．由any构成的复合不定代词通常用于否定句和疑问句中。
3．复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
4．当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。
[考点抢测]
1．You can ask your teacher to give you advice if you can not make a decision.
A．much B．some
C．other D．any
B
2． needs one or two close friends to share his or her happiness and sadness with.
A．Someone B．No one
C．Anyone D．Everyone
D
3．Helen has two brothers. of them likes chocolate，but she loves it.
4．Before you buy new，think if it is necessary for you first.
Neither
something
指示代词和疑问代词
[考点剖析]
一、指示代词(2019、2017、2016考)
1．指示代词it、one、that、this的用法
代词 用法 例句
it (2017、T44；2016、T47) 特指上下文提到的对象是同一事物 The book is mine.It's very interesting. 这本书是我的。它非常有趣。
one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类而不同一 —Who has a novel named The Old Man and the Sea？
谁有《老人与海》这本小说？
—I have one.我有一本。
代词 用法 例句
that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shenzhen.北京的天气比深圳的天气寒冷。
this (2019、T53) 常用来指代离自己较近的人或物 This is my friend.
这是我的朋友。
2.it的常见用法
it可代替动词不定式作形式主语或宾语，也可用于某些固定句型中。
(1)用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：
①It's＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth.
It's important for us to work hard.
对我们来说努力工作很重要。
②It's time to do/for/that...
It's time to get up.到起床的时间了。
It's time for lunch/that we should go home.到吃午饭的时候了。/到回家的时间了。
③It seems that...
It seems that he is quite happy.他看起来似乎很高兴。
④It's one's turn to do sth.
It's your turn to sing.现在轮到你唱了。
⑤It's＋adj.＋that从句
It is necessary that we students do some reading every day.我们学生每天读书是必要的。
(2)作形式宾语
①Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line？你认为学会排队是必要的吗？
②I found it important to learn English well.我发现学好英语很重要。
二、疑问代词
疑问代词 主要用法 例句
who 作主语、表语、宾语(作宾语时用于口语中，不能放在介词后) Who wants to go with me？谁想和我一起去？
whom who的宾格形式，作宾语 To whom are you talking？你正在和谁说话？
whose who的所有格形式，作表语、定语 Whose book is this？这是谁的书？
疑问代词 主要用法 例句
what/
who what询问某人的职业 —What's your father？你爸爸是干什么的？
—He is a worker.他是一名工人。
who询问某人的身份、姓名 —Who is the boy under the tree？树下的那个男孩是谁？
—He is Li Ming.他是李明。
疑问代词 主要用法 例句
what/
which what指不定数目中的“哪一个；哪些；什么”，没有一定范围的限定 What would you like？你想要什么？
which意为“哪一个，哪一些”，指在一定范围内特指的人或物 Which one do you like best？你最喜欢哪个？
相对于疑问代词而言，初中阶段还有两个疑问副词经常在考试中出现，考生也应该重点掌握，第一个是how，通常表示方式。另一个是where，表示地点。
[考点抢测]
1．—_____ do you like China
—Very much.
2．—_____ do you like about China
—The food and people.
How
What
3．—_____ is Mr.Green
—He is an English teacher.
4．—_____ is Mr.Green
—He is Jim's father.
5．—_______ father is Mr.Green
—Jim's.
What
Who
Whose
6．—_______ man is Mr.Green
—The man on the black bike.
7．—_______ is Mr.Green from
—He's from America.
8．—______ does Mr.Green look like
—He is tall and thin.
Which
Where
What
9．I don't like this skirt.Show me that ____.
10．We saw a cow on the farm. ___ is really big.
11．The new skirts are mine.The old _____ are yours.
one
It
ones
江西省八年真题明考法
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
1．(2022·江西)But photos used to be expensive, and people took fewer of .
them
2．(2020·江西)Sometimes the children go inside the bus for _____ science lessons or clubs.
3．(2018·江西)Now scientists think there was probably water on the planet long ago. Today are still not sure if there was life on Mars.
their
they
[规律总结]
普通不定代词
1．(2017·江西)Environmentally friendly motorcycle uses electricity as fuel (燃料)．As a result，there is pollution.
2．(2015·江西)One special animal is elephant. special animal in India is the cow.
no
Another
[规律总结]
江西近8年中考在完形填空A中考查了much、some、no(2017、T43)、more的辨析；完形填空B中考查了another(2015、T57)的用法。
复合不定代词
(2015·江西)Our teacher was very happy because failed the examination.
A．somebody　　　　　　 B．nobody
C．anybody D．everybody
B
[规律总结]
江西近8年中考在单项填空中考查了1次同类复合不定代词辨析(2015、T26)；完形填空A中考查了1次复合不定代词与普通不定代词的混合辨析(2016、T37)。
指示代词
(2019·江西)First，make sure you answer the call formally (正式地)，giving your name and the name of your company. (this) will let the caller know that you are professional.
This
[规律总结]
江西近8年中考对指示代词仅在完形填空B中考查了一次this的用法(2019、T53)。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2021·重庆A卷)Ann has got a letter from her best friend. It makes
quite excited.
A．she　　　　　　　　 B．her
C．hers D．herself
B
2．(2021·湘潭改编)—Is that bag ，Anna
—No，it's Tina's.My bag is at home.
A．yours B．hers
C．theirs D．his
A
3．(2021·大庆改编)On the website，you can chat with in English to improve your spoken English.
A．other B．another
C．the other D．others
D
4．Life without love is like a garden without sunlight.So keep love in your heart and spread .
A．her B．it
C．Some D．them
B
5．You can learn a language better if live in the country where it is spoken.
A．you B．he
C．that D．others
A
6．There are beautiful flowers and green trees on side of the road in this city.
A．each B．every
C．all D．neither
A
7．My parents are very busy. of them have no time to play with me.
A．None B．Either
C．Both D．Neither
C
8．He is such a good person with a warm heart that he can't hurt .
A．somebody B．everybody
C．anybody D．nobody
C
9．Helen is doing very well in the new school.There is to worry about.
A．something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
C
10．It's boring for me to stay home all day.I hope to have to do.
A．interesting anything B．nothing interesting
C．something interesting D．interesting something
C
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．My mother asked to clean my room after finishing the homework.
2．If you don't know what the word means，you can guess meaning first.
me
its
3．There used to be kids playing under the big tree and they had a good time.
4．We couldn't buy because it's too late and none of the shops were open.
5．Their house looks a lot like ，but you will find our house is bigger and brighter than theirs.
many
anything
ours
Ⅲ.完形填空A(微语篇)
Cloze 1
Making friends is very common in our daily life.Friends can not only make 1 life colorful，but also help us solve 2 problems.How do you make friends？Some students are sharing their ideas with us.For example，they make friends with 3 who have similar interests with them.
1．A.us B．we
C．our D．ours
答案：C
2．A.some B．all
C．any D．none
答案：A
3．A.that B．this
C．his D．those
答案：D
Cloze 2
The police officers and Brian's family gave Brian a surprise. 1 prepared a birthday parade(游行)for Brian.When Brian thought his birthday surprise was over， 2 even better happened.He cried with tears of joy when Tim showed him a new bicycle.“Thank you all.I have never expected this，which makes 3 so moved.” Brian said.
Brian's mother took photos of her son and then posted them online.“My son was still trying to smile while crying，” she wrote.“ 4 of you are so kind.No words can describe the way you made my son's face light up.”
1．A.They B．He
C．She D．We
答案：A
2．A.something B．somebody
C．everything D．everybody
答案：A
3．A.us B．me
C．them D．him
答案：B
4．A.Both B．Every
C．All D．Either
答案：C