2023年中考英语复习 第三部分中考话题突破话题13语言与风俗二、 人与社会课件(共53张PPT)

(共53张PPT)
第三部分 中考话题突破
话题13　语言与风俗
二、 人与社会
一、 语法选择
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
说明文 247 ★★★☆ 6 mins ___/10
In the eyes of many foreigners, Chinese are the best hosts and the worst guests in the world. They're not really bad guests, but because the guest-host relationship in China is much 1 than that in some Western countries, it appears they are not nice guests. And Western hosts sometimes look rude(粗鲁的) in the eyes of Chinese guests.
(　 )1. A. different B. more different C. most different
B
In China, guests are almost like 2 . Whenever I enter a Chinese home, the host will be quick to bring me a cup of tea 3 water. In the west, 4 the guest is not a god. Guests should act according to the host's way of doing things.
(　 )2. A. gods B. god C. god's
(　 )3. A. so B. but C. or
(　 )4. A. generally B. general C. more general
A
C
A
5 wife's mother is a very kind elderly Chinese lady who doesn't smoke. Once her friends 6 to her house. When I saw some of her guests smoking in her house, 7 a non-smoker, I felt unhappy. I really wanted 8 them directly, but I realized that in China, to be a good host, she must not do that.
(　 )5. A. Me B. My C. Mine
(　 )6. A. are coming B. came C. will come
(　 )7. A. to B. for C. as
(　 )8. A. stop B. stopping C. to stop
B
B
C
C
However, in most North American homes, if you are a guest, and the hosts are not smokers, you should not smoke in their house. At the very least, you could ask, “Is it OK if I smoke？” But don't be surprised if they say, “No, you can't smoke. ” In our culture, if you smoke in their home, you will be 9 bad guest. However, if you 10 to smoke in their house, they won't be a rude host.
(　 )9. A. / B. a C. an
(　 )10. A. aren't allowed
B. doesn't allow
C. weren't allowed
B
A
二、 完形填空 (时文)
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
记叙文 240 ★★★☆ 6 mins ___/10
For the Moldovan(摩尔多瓦的) girl Gaby, whose Chinese name is Li Xiaoxiao, Chongqing is the beginning of her dream. Xiaoxiao visited China with her classmates about eight years ago. The first 11 she reached was Chongqing. She fell in love with it as soon as she 12 the plane. She quickly 13 to stay in Chongqing.
(　 )11. A. city B. country C. school D. house
(　 )12. A. fixed up B. dealt with C. got off D. looked around
(　 )13. A. refused B. decided C. needed D. remembered
A
C
B
However, living in a city and visiting it are two 14 things. The biggest problem of her life there was 15 . She did not know any Chinese or even English. As Xiaoxiao thought Chongqing dialect(方言) was standard Chinese, she learned it very hard. But after learning what she thought was Chinese, she found that the language she had spent two years learning is 16 the Chongqing dialect.
(　 )14. A. energetic B. natural C. creative D. different
(　 )15. A. food B. communication C. education D. money
(　 )16. A. finally B. especially C. actually D. suddenly
D
B
C
In 2017, Xiaoxiao began to make short videos in her free time. At the beginning of 2018, she started to 17 them on Douyin. And she quickly became 18 because she was humorous and could speak the dialect well.
(　 )17. A. discover B. show
C. compare D. search
(　 )18. A. polite B. wise
C. popular D. safe
B
C
(　 )19. A. challenge B. shock
C. remind D. understand
(　 )20. A. instruction B. material
C. culture D. result
D
C
Xiaoxiao is also interested in doing something to help the two countries 19 each other. She introduced Chinese food and stories about China to her friends in Moldova. She also introduced the history of Moldova to the Chinese. “I'd love to do it，” she said. “I will continue to introduce the 20 of the two countries and hope that the two countries will become better and better.”
三、 阅读理解
A【2022 东莞期中】
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
应用文 255 ★★★☆ 6 mins ___/5
Now, it is more and more convenient for us to travel around the world. But each country has different rules about social situations. Here are some suggestions.
1. Avoid giving certain flowers in Russia. Be careful when sending flowers to a friend or a business partner in Russia. Yellow flowers mean being cheated or a broken relationship. Red carnations(康乃馨) are also not expected, either. Traditionally, red carnations are for the dead.
2. Don't show up on time in Venezuela. Showing up early or on time is one of the good Chinese customs. However, it is regarded as being impolite in Venezuela. If you are invited over to someone's home for a meal, you are supposed to arrive 10 to 15 minutes later than the requested time. If you arrive earlier or on time, you may be viewed as being too eager(急切的).
3. Be careful of the number of your flowers in Finland. If you are invited to the party in Finland, you are expected to be exactly on time and bring the hostess some flowers. The hostess is excited about receiving five or seven flowers, but make sure to avoid dual(双数的) flowers and number thirteen is regarded as a very unlucky number. Nobody looks forward to receiving them.
Learning what you are supposed to do and not supposed to do in social situations may be difficult, but it is worth the trouble doing that.
(　 )21. Why shouldn't you give red carnations to Russians？
A. Because they mean being cheated.
B. Because they are a symbol of broken relationship.
C. Because they are often given to people who died.
D. Because Russians like yellow carnations better.
C
(　 )22. When are you expected to arrive, if you are invited to have dinner in Venezuela at 7 p．m.？
A. Between 6：45 p．m. and 7：00 p．m.
B. Between 7：00 p．m. and 7：10 p．m.
C. Between 7：10 p．m. and 7：15 p．m.
D. Between 7：45 p．m. and 7：50 p．m.
C
(　 )23. According to the passage, what should you pay attention to when sending flowers？
A. What kind of flowers you should send.
B. How many flowers you should send.
C. Where you should buy your flowers.
D. Why you should send your flowers.
B
(　 )24. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？
A. You should avoid sending flowers to a friend or a business partner in Russia.
B. The writer thinks it necessary to learn different rules about social situations of different countries.
C. People in Finland don't like number 13.
D. Chinese and people in Venezuela have different ideas on being on time.
A
(　 )25. The passage may come from the part about ________ in a magazine.
A. gift sending
B. number and meaning
C. rules to travel safely
D. customs and culture
D
English is the most widely used language in the history of our planet. One in every seven human beings around the world can speak English. And more than half of the world's books and three quarters of international mails are written in it. Of all languages, English has the largest vocabulary—perhaps as many as two million words.
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
说明文 340 ★★★★ 7 mins ___/5
B
However, let's face it! English is a crazy language! For example, there is no egg in the eggplant, and you will find neither pine nor apple in a pineapple and no dog in a hot dog. Sweetmeats are candies, while sweetbreads which are not sweet, are meat.
We take English for granted(视为当然). But when we try to look for its paradoxes(矛盾), we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square and public bathrooms have no baths in them. There are so many paradoxes in this language.
And why is it that a writer writes, but fingers do not fing, grocers don't groce, and hammers don't ham？ If the plural(复数) of tooth is teeth, shouldn't the plural of booth be beeth？ One goose, two geese—so one moose, two meese？
How can a slim chance and a fat chance both mean nearly no chance, while a wise man and a wise guy have different meanings？ How can overlook and oversee be antonyms, while quite a lot and quite a few are similar？ How can the weather be hot as hell(地狱) one day and cold as hell the next？
English was invented by people, not by computers, and it stands for the creativity of the human beings. That is why, when stars are out, they can be seen, but when the lights are out, they can't be seen. And that's why, when I wind up(给……上发条) my watch, I start it, but when I wind up this article, I end it.
(　 )26. ____ is the correct plural form.
A. Beeth B. Meese
C. Geese D. Tooth
C
(　 )27. Which of the following have the similar meaning？
A. Quite a lot and quite a few.
B. Overlook and oversee.
C. A wise man and a wise guy.
D. Hot as hell and cold as hell.
A
(　 )28. What does the underlined word “antonyms” in Paragraph 5 mean？
A. Words that look like each other.
B. Words that have opposite meanings.
C. Words that don't look like each other.
D. Words that have interesting meanings.
B
(　 )29. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？
A. More than three quarters of the world's books are written in English.
B. There is an apple in a pineapple.
C. We cannot find any paradoxes in English language.
D. English stands for the creativity of human beings.
D
(　 )30. What is the best title of the passage？
A. Paradoxes in English
B. Learning Crazy English
C. The Most Widely Used Language
D. Plural Form of English
A
C
配对阅读。 左栏是五位学生英语技能情况， 右栏是马丁应用培训中心的七门课程， 请为左栏的每位学生选择一门合适的课程。
词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
330 ★★☆☆ 5 mins /5
A. This course can help you improve your listening skills. You can take Mr. Lin's course at Room 407 at night from Monday to Friday.
B. Miss Chen is an experienced teacher from Singapore. She will help you improve your communicating skills at Room 302.
C. Reading is a must in English learning. On Mondays and Wednesdays, Mr. Yang will teach you how to read more quickly at Room 405.
D. In Miss Li's writing course, you will learn how to write in a proper way. The lessons will be given at Room 207 on Saturdays.
E. If you are poor at spoken English, why don't you come to the English speaking class given by Mr. Smith from Britain？ He will be waiting for you at Room 202 on Wednesday and Friday nights.
F. Miss Zheng has some suggestions on how to do better in reading. If you want to learn necessary reading skills, come to Room 308 on Tuesday and Thursday evenings.
G. Do you find it difficult to translate English into Chinese？ Come to Mr. Gus translating class at Room 406 on Friday nights！
(　 )31. Ann is poor in English reading, she hopes to improve her reading ability through training classes. But she is free only on Tuesdays and Thursdays.
(　 )32. Kevin often gets low scores in listening tests. Now he would like to take a course to develop his listening skills on Fridays.
( 　)33. Tom is planning to go to a British university. He wants to improve his spoken English under the guidance of a British teacher.
F
E
A
(　)34. May likes reading English short stories. She wants to translate these stories into Chinese and tell them to her classmates. So she hopes to learn translating skills by going to a night class.
(　 )35. Sarah loves English and does well in listening, speaking and reading. However, she is weak in writing. She wants to take some lessons so as to write better.
G
D
四、 短文填空 (时文)
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
记叙文 203 ★★☆☆ 5 mins ___/10
Hi, nice to meet you! My 36 is Vaughn Smith. I'm
37 47-year-old carpet(地毯) cleaner from the USA. My father is American and my mother is Mexican.
name
a
Naturally, I 38 up speaking both English and Spanish. In high school, many of my classmates were from other countries. I was 39 in learning their languages. Soon, I was able to talk to my dassmates in several languages, including Russian.
grew
interested
40 I met a cashier(收银员) in a store. The cashier said she was from Russia. When I talked with 41 in Russian, I saw that she seemed to be happy. 42 that day, I have decided that I wanted to learn more languages. I hoped to recreate that warm feeling.
Once
her
Since
After that, I began to 43 myself languages by reading books, using apps and talking to people. Up to now, I've learned 41 languages. I can speak 24 of them 44 write in eight of them.
You might ask, “Why don't you turn to other work such as translation then？” Well, in 45 ， l love my job as a carpet cleaner. I learn languages not to show off my abilties—but to bring people happiness!
teach
and
fact
五、 读写综合
A. 回答问题
体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 正确率
记叙文 296 ★★☆☆ 6 mins ___/5
In 1972, Richard Sears, a young American began learning Chinese because of his interest in traditional Chinese culture. He went to China to study Chinese in the 1990s.
In 1994, Richard Sears decided to put the ancient Chinese characters online. Then in 2002, he did it. That is the beginning of the Chinese Etymology(汉字字源) website. “My website did not get much attention for years. Until one day in 2011, it suddenly got a lot of attention. I got a few thousand e-mails and a few million visitors and people started calling me ‘Uncle Hanzi’，” Sears said with a smile. “Hanzi” means Chinese characters. He has put more than 96，000 ancient Chinese characters onto the website. “When I study each character, I wonder what the ancient Chinese thought，” said Sears.
After visiting many Chinese sites, Sears learned more about China and ancient Chinese culture. He said when he came to China in the last century, few Chinese could speak English. “However, you can hear English in many places in China now. Chinese language and culture were mysterious and not known by people in most countries then, but now, more and more people in the world are learning Chinese, even Chinese history, traditional Chinese medicine and so on，” Sears added.
At present, the 72-year-old American has made his home in China. “When I die, I hope my website will live on, and I'm planning to write a book about my research. This will be my gift to China，” he said.
46. Where does Richard Sears come from？
____________________________________________________________
47. What did Richard Sears do in 1994？
____________________________________________________________
48. How many ancient Chinese characters has Richard Sears put onto the website？
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
He comes from America.
He decided to put the ancient Chinese characters online.
He has put more than 96，000 ancient Chinese characters onto the website.
49. By whom were Chinese language and culture not known in the last century？
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
50. What will be Richard Sears' gift to China？
____________________________________________________________
Chinese language and culture were not known by people in most countries in the last century.
He will write a book about his research.
B. 书面表达
写好中国字， 做好中国人。写一手漂亮的汉字(Chinese characters)是非常有用的。但是现在因为电子设备的冲击， 人们书写汉字的机会少了。请以 “Write Chinese Characters Well” 为题写一封倡议书， 倡议同学们多写汉字， 写好汉字。
内容：
1. 描述身边同学或者朋友的汉字书写情况 (包括频率、 美丑等) 以及原因；
2. 提出写好汉字的建议(至少两点);
3. 号召大家写好汉字。
要求：
1. 不能照抄原文， 不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名；
2. 语句连贯， 词数80左右， 作文的开头已给出， 不计入总词数。
※写作方法指导
一、 写什么
二、 怎么写
1. 人称： _______________
2. 时态： _______________
第一人称
一般现在时
3. 写作技能提升
(1)实用表达
①As a result, we were able to catch the bus. 结果， 我们能赶上公共汽车。
as a result 意为 “结果， 因此”， 表示一件事的结果、 后果。
be (not) able to do sth. (不)能够做某事
模仿提升： 结果， 他们不能写好汉字。
________________________________________________________________
As a result, they are not able to write Chinese characters well.
②On weekends, he always goes out shopping with his friend instead of staying at home.
在周末他经常和朋友一起出去逛街， 而不是待在家里。
do A instead of doing B 做A代替了做B
模仿提升： 你可以写一封信给你的朋友， 而不是打一个电话。
____________________________________________________________
You can write a letter to your friend instead of making a call.
(2)实用连接词和过渡语
①However，… 然而……
②As a result，… 结果……
③First，… Second，… 第一……第二……
※写作
Write Chinese Characters Well
Chinese characters are very important to us.
We use them every day. In my school, many of my friends practice writing Chinese characters every day and write them well. However, young people spend more time communicating through smartphones. As a result, they are not able to write Chinese characters well.
As Chinese, we should write Chinese characters well and beautifully. How to do that？ First, write Chinese characters carefully. Look at every part of the character carefully before you write. Second, keep practicing writing Chinese characters. Practice makes perfect. You can keep writing Chinese characters in your free time. Third, find every chance to write Chinese characters. You can write a letter to your friend instead of making a call. That must be fun.
Chinese characters are part of Chinese culture. We should realize the importance of them. I hope that everybody can write them well.