2023年中考英语复习模块二　人与社会 极速提分小卷十一课件(共36张PPT)

(共36张PPT)
模块二　人与社会 极速提分小卷十一
(完形填空＋阅读理解B＋短文填空)
分值：35分　　　限时：20分钟　　得分： 　　
一、完形填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
Most people didn't know Wang Zhenyi until she was introduced in a CCTV program.
Wang Zhenyi was a great Chinese 1 ．She was born in the Qing Dynasty.Different from other people, her father and grandfather thought girls should get the same education as
(　B　)1.A.doctor B．scientist
C．lawyer D．teacher
B
解析：1．根据文章最后“She helped make science available to more people.”可知，王贞仪是一位科学家。故选B。
boys.They 2 her to read the books in their home library.Wang Zhenyi 3 herself and read a lot about astronomy(天文学), maths, geography as well as medicine.Later, she decided to 4 astronomy.
(　D　)2.A.invited B．doubted C．followed D．encouraged
(　D　)3.A.opened B．enjoyed C．refused D．taught
(　C　)4.A.rely on B．show off
C．focus on D．talk about
D
D
C
解析：2．根据上文“Different from other people, her father and grandfather thought girls should get the same education as boys.”可知，王贞仪的父亲和祖父思想开放，鼓励王贞仪阅读书籍；encourage sb.to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故选D。
解析：3．根据空格后的read a lot about可知是自学了很多东西，即teach oneself。故选D。
解析：4．根据上文“Wang Zhenyi… herself and read a lot about astronomy, maths, geography as well as medicine.”可知，起初，王贞仪读了很多天文学、数学、地理和医学的书，后来她决定专注于天文学这一门学科。故选C。
In her time, many people 5 the stars to tell what was going to happen.They thought certain events in the sky, such as lunar eclipses(月食), happened when gods were angry.But Wang Zhenyi thought 6 ．She believed in facts and observation(观察).To 7
(　C　)5.A.avoided B．changed C．expected D．discovered
(　C　)6.A.heavily B．recently C．differently D．seriously
(　D　)7.A.praise B．refuse C．review D．explain
C
C
D
解析：5．句意：在她那个时代，很多人期待星星告诉他们发生了什么事情。expect sth.to do sth.期待某物做某事。故选C。
解析：6．根据下文“She believed in facts and observation”可知，人们认为像月食这些事件是因为神的愤怒，而王贞仪只相信事实和观察，即她想的不一样。故选C。
解析：7．根据下文“She moved them around to show what…”可知，王贞仪做实验是想展示什么，解释那些自然现象。故选D。
those “strange” events, she did some experiments.In one, she used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the Sun and a mirror as the Moon.She moved them around to show what 8 happens during a lunar eclipse.
(　A　)8.A.actually B．suddenly C．nearly D．recently
A
解析：8．句意：她将它们四处移动，以展示月食期间实际发生的情况。根据语境可知，王贞仪在实验中验证月食期间实际发生的情况。故选A。
Throughout her short 9 ， Wang Zhenyi wrote many articles about her research.In her articles, she explained difficult ideas in clear and 10 ways so that people could understand science more easily.She helped make science available to more people.
(　D　)9.A.experience B．day
C．fun D．life
(　A　)10.A.simple B．polite
C．funny D．traditional
D
A
解析：9．句意：在她短暂的一生中，王贞仪针对她的研究写了很多文章。根据语境可知应该选life。故选D。
解析：10．根据下文“so that people could understand science more easily”可知，王贞仪以一种简单明了的方式让人们更容易理解科学。故选A。
短文大意：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了清朝著名女科学家——王贞仪。
二、阅读理解B(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
French and American doctors have done an operation together in which the doctors were outside the operating room.This kind of operation is known as robotic operation．
Doctor Marescaux did the operation in an office in New York City last month, while his patient, a sixty eight year old woman, was in a hospital in Strasbourg, France.
A doctor in Strasbourg got the patient ready.He placed medical tools and a small video camera in her stomach area.Doctor Marescaux in New York watched the patient on a video screen.Then he used the computer to send messages to the robot machine.
The robot moved the tools and cut the woman's gallbladder(胆囊) away.The woman got well soon after the operation and left the hospital two days later.
Experts say the main problem with such a robotic operation depends on high speed telecommunications(通讯系统) between the doctor and the robot.Technology must be able to send a doctor's order to a robot to move the tool quickly.
Experts also say a robotic operation will be more successful.For example, the robot can make smaller movements than a person can.A robot machine can turn tools in ways that a doctor's hand can not.
Doctors say such a robotic operation will be safer and better in the future.They say it will improve doctor training.It will also mean that doctors could do an operation on people in dangerous places far away.And people will have operations done by top doctors without having to travel to the city where the doctors work.
(　D　)1.What does the underlined phrase “robotic operation” mean
A．A special kind of robot invented by doctors.
B．Something done to repair a robot.
C．An operation done by French and American doctors.
D．An operation done far away with the help of a robot.
D
解析：1．词义猜测题。根据前三段可知，纽约的医生看着电脑屏幕，病人在法国的医院里，医生通过电脑发送信息给机器人，机器人做手术，所以“robotic operation”的意思应是“在机器人的帮助下在很远的地方完成的手术”。故选D。
(　C　)2.Why do we use the robot in the operation
A．Because it can send messages at a low speed.
B．Because even a top doctor can't do the operation himself.
C．Because it can make the operation safer and better.
D．Because operations can be done without doctors.
C
解析：2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Doctors say such a robotic operation will be safer and better in the future.”可知，我们在手术中使用机器人，因为它可以使手术更安全，更好。故选C。
(　D　)3.If we want to use the robot in the operation, what must we solve
A．The problem of top doctors.
B．The problem of smaller movements.
C．The problem of doctor training.
D．The problem of high speed telecommunications.
D
解析：3．细节理解题。根据“Experts say the main problem with such a robotic operation depends on high speed telecommunications between the doctor and the robot.”可知，如果要在手术中使用机器人，就必须解决高速通讯的问题。故选D。
(　A　)4.What can't we learn from the passage
A．The robot is used to watch the patient slowly.
B．Robotic operation is good for doctor training.
C．Experts speak highly of robotic operation.
D．Robotic operation has been used in the USA.
解析：4．细节理解题。根据“The robot moved the tools and cut the woman's gallbladder away.”可知，机器人是手术的操作者，不是观察者。故选A。
A
(　B　)5.What's the best title for this passage
A．An Operation
B．Robotic Operation
C．How to Do a Robotic Operation
D．The Problems of a Robotic Operation
解析：5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了“机器人手术”，由此可知Robotic Operation最适合做标题。故选B。
B
短文大意：本文主要介绍了机器人手术的操作情况以及专家和医生对机器人手术利弊的评价。
三、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
Xie Jincheng works at the National Library of China(NLC) as a repairer, whose job is to repair ancient books.He can only repair a few pages a day, and it sometimes 1. takes him several days to fix just one page.It takes quite a long time to 2. look/search for the right paper to repair the books.“Sometimes it is impossible to get similar paper, so we need to process the paper ourselves，” Xie said.
takes
look/search
解析：1．takes　考查动词。 It takes sb.＋时间＋to do sth.花费某人时间做某事。全文为一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数。故填takes。
解析：2．look/search　考查动词。 根据下文“Sometimes it is impossible to get similar paper”可知找合适的纸花了很长时间。look/search for寻找。
Du Weisheng is 3. another repairer at the NLC.He has 4. worked as an ancient book repairer since 1974.He is happy to see young people 5. join his team and choose to stay.“They can bring a more scientific way to the book repairing，” Du said.In 2013, a training center was 6. set up at the NLC to train more professional repairers.
another
worked
join
set
解析：3．another　考查代词。 上文提到一个修复者，此处提到另一个，故用another。
解析：4．worked　考查动词。 work as作为……工作，且根据时间状语since 1974及空格前的has可知此处用过去分词worked。
解析：5．join　考查动词。 根据下文“choose to stay”可知，应该是年轻人加入了他的团队。see sb.do sth.看见某人做某事。故填join。
解析：6．set　考查动词。set up建立。此处为被动语态：be＋动词的过去分词。故填set。
Now, the NLC is home to some of China's best known literary(文学的) treasures.It houses more 7. than 3 million ancient Chinese books.It's the biggest collection of its kind.
Since 2016, nearly 21，000 copies of ancient Chinese books have been included in the 8. online national level database(数据库).Readers can read 9. them online at any time without causing any danger to them.
than
online
them
解析：7．than　考查介词。 more than多于。
解析：8．online　考查形容词。根据数据库及下文“online at any time”可知，这个数据库应是线上的，故填online。
解析：9．them　考查代词。 根据下文“at any time without causing any danger to them.”可知，读者可以随时且安全地阅读它们(书)。故填them。
Thanks to the repairers and other workers at the NLC, the public no longer have 10. difficulty finding these ancient books and they can know more about the fantastic ancient Chinese culture.
difficulty
解析：10．difficulty　考查名词。 have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难。
短文大意：本文主要介绍了中国国家图书馆的两位古书维修工，在他们和其他工作人员的努力下，人们可以更多地了解中国古代文化。