2023年中考英语专题 话题一 个人、家庭与学校生活课件(共68张PPT)

(共68张PPT)
第三部分 名师话题复习
话题一 个人、家庭与学校生活
01
基础梳理
02
语境运用
03
强化训练
课标要求：丰富、充实、积极向上的生活；和谐家庭与社区生活；多彩、安全、有意义的学校生活
基础梳理
一、个人情况
个人信息
单 词 1.family n．家庭；家人 2.address n．地址；住址
3.name n．名字；姓名；名称 4.ability n．能力；才能 5.background n．背景 6.age n．年龄
7.birthday n．生日 8.birth n．出生；诞生
9.live v．生活；居住 10.born v．出生 adj.天生的
词 块 1.family name 姓 2.first name 名
3.phone/telephone number 电话号码
4.middle school 中学；初中 5.come from/be from 来自
6.at birth 在出生时 7.be born with 天生具有
8.at the age of five (years old)在五岁的时候
9.grow up 长大；成熟；成长 e true 实现
11.be of medium height中等身高
性格与特点
adj. 1.clever聪明的 2.cute/lovely可爱的
3.excellent极好的；优秀的 4.wise聪明的；明智的 5.polite有礼貌的；客气的 6.honest诚实的；老实的 7.patient有耐心的 8.lazy懒散的；懒惰的 9.silly愚蠢的；不明事理的 10.shy羞怯的；腼腆的 11.strict严格的；严厉的 12.smart聪明的 13.serious严肃的；稳重的
14.successful获得成功的；有成就的
15.understanding善解人意的；体谅人的
16.active积极的；活跃的
mon普通的；常见的 18.deaf聋的 19.blind瞎的
外貌
adj. 1.young年轻的 2.old老的；旧的
3.handsome英俊的 4.ugly丑陋的；难看的 5.pretty漂亮的 6.tall高的 7.short矮的 8.fat胖的 9.thin瘦的 10.strong强(壮)的 11.weak虚弱的 12.strange奇怪的；陌生的
13．similar相似的 14.beautiful美丽的
二、家庭关系
单 词 1.parent n.父(母)亲 2.aunt n.姨母；姑母；伯母；婶母
3.uncle n.叔；伯；舅；姨夫；姑夫
4.cousin n.堂(表)兄弟；堂(表)姐妹　　　
5.public adj.公共的；公众的 n.公众；大众
6.adult n.成年人 adj.成年的 7.couple n.夫妇
8.daughter n.女儿 9.relative n.亲戚
10.husband n.丈夫 11.wife n.妻子 12.guest n.客人 13.member n.成员；会员 14.marry v.(使)成婚；结婚
词 块 1.keep in touch with me与我保持联系　　　　　
2.make friends with others 与其他人交朋友
3.get together 相聚 4.get married 结婚
5.take care of/look after patients照顾病人
三、学校生活
人员与设施
n. 1.teacher老师；教师 2.class班级；课 3.blackboard黑板 4.chalk粉笔 5.bell钟(声)；铃(声)
6.classroom教室 7.chair椅子 8.pupil(小)学生
9.student学生 10.desk书桌 11.library图书馆 12.classmate同班同学 13.flag旗；旗帜
14.lab实验室 15.playground操场 16.office办公室
17.university (综合性)大学；高等学府　　 　 　
18.head teacher/headteacher校长
19.college学院；大学；高等专科学校
学习与科目
n. 1.subject学科 2.lesson课 3.passage章节；段落 4.degree学位 5.term学期 6.text课本；正文 7.unit单元 8.textbook课本 9.speech讲话；发言 10.article文章；论文 11.homework作业 12.education教育；培养 13.training训练；培训 14.Chinese语文 15.math数学 16.English英语 17.history历史 18.science科学 19.PE体育 20.geography地理(学) 21.biology生物学 22.chemistry化学 23.physics物理(学) 24.art美术 25.music音乐 26.politics政治 27.grade成绩等级；评分等级 28.exam(＝examination)考试；审查
v. 1.review回顾；复习 2.achieve达到；完成 兼词 1.test n.测验；检查 v.试验；测试
2.score n.分数 v.得分
3.correct v.改正adj.正确的；恰当的
学习用品
n. 1.diary日记；记事簿 2.pen笔；钢笔 3.schoolbag书包 4.dictionary词典；字典 5.eraser橡皮 6.book书 7.pencil铅笔 8.paper纸；纸张
9.page(书刊或纸张的)页；面；张 10.glue胶水
11.ruler尺；直尺 12.tape磁带；录音带；录像带
13.card卡片
学习用品
词 块 1.follow one's advice 遵循某人的建议
2.ask sb.for help 向某人寻求帮助
3.be late for school/class 上学/课迟到
4.do one‘s homework 做家庭作业 5.on duty 值日 　　　　
6.pass/fail the final exam 通过期末考试/期末考试不合格
7.study/work hard 努力学习/工作
8.set a good example to us 为我们树立好榜样
9.at school 在学校 10.with the help of sb.在某人的帮助下
11.go over 复习
12.make up one's mind to do sth.下定决心做某事
13.make progress 取得进步
14.do/try one's best 尽某人最大的努力
语境运用
一、根据句意填入适当的单词，每空一词。
1.—What's your favorite __________， English or math
—Neither.I like art best.
2.Mary is an __________ girl.She never tells lies.
3.Look! The teacher is writing on the __________ with a piece of chalk.
subject
honest
blackboard
4.Mike was born on Children's Day, so his __________ is on June 1.
5.Jack used to be short and thin, but now he is much __________ and stronger.
birthday
taller
二、用下面短语的适当形式填空，每个短语限用一次。
come from; come true; grow up; at the age of;
make great progress; be born on; be born with;
of medium height
come from; come true; grow up; at the age of;
make great progress; be born on; be born with;
of medium height
Yang Qian, who 1.____________ Zhejiang Province, 2.______________ July 10, 2000.She is 3.________________.Yang likes smiling and she 4.________________ the ability to shoot.She dreamt to be a world champion when she 5.__________.She was strict with herself during the hard training and 6.________________ soon.On July 24, 2021, Yang, 7.____________ 21, won the first gold medal of the Tokyo Olympic Games in the women's 10m air rifle(气枪) event.Her dream 8.___________.
comes from
was born on
of medium height
was born with
grew up
made great progress
at the age of
came true
强化训练
一、 语法选择
溜索上学女孩大学毕业后回家乡行医
When millions of graduates left university and became busy finding a job, 23-year-old Yu Yanqia of Lisu ethnic group(傈僳族), graduating from Kunming Medical University, had already made __1__ decision — to serve as a local medical worker in her hometown.“The moment I became a college student, I decided to give back __2__ working in my hometown，” she said.
（ ）1.A.she B.her C.hers
（ ）2.A.in B.on C.by
B
C
Back in 2007, __3__ Yu was a little girl, the Nujiang River in her hometown separated her village from the outside world.Like other people living there, the 8-year-old girl and her friends had to use a pulley(滑轮) __4__ the river down a steel cable(钢索) to get to school every day.
（ ）3.A.when B.because C.until
（ ）4.A.cross B.to cross C.crossing
A
4．考查非谓语动词。use sth.to do sth.用某物做某事。
B
One day, a photo from the media showing her sliding(滑行) across the river __5__ her great attention.Then, the first bridge __6__ over Nujiang River, near her school.
（ ）5.A.bring B.brought C.will bring
（ ）6.A.is built B.is building C.was built
B
5．考查时态。事情发生在过去，故用过去时态。
6．考查被动语态。根据常识，桥(bridge)应该是被建造的，又因动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
C
From then on, Yu and her classmates no __7__ had to risk their lives to go to school.In 2018, Yu __8__ entered the Second Clinical Medical College of Kunming Medical University with a score of 568 points.She became __9__ first child in her village to enter a college.
（ ）7.A.long B.longer C.longest
（ ）8.A.success B.succeed C.successfully
（ ）9.A.a B.an C.the
B
7．考查形容词的比较等级。no longer不再，为固定短语。
8．考查词性的区别与辨析。空处修饰动词“entered”，故用副词。
C
C
While Yu was on the road to further study, great changes took place in her hometown.New __10__ were built on the riverside, roads led to the villages and more modern bridges opened to the traffic.
（ ）10.A.house B.houses C.house's
B
10．句子缺少主语，且空后为were，故用名词的复数形式。
【短文大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了十多年前坐钢索上学的女孩从大学毕业后毅然选择回到家乡成为一名医务人员的故事。
二、完形填空(2022眉山改编)
It was the sports meeting once a year in our school.But my foot still hadn't healed(痊愈) because of an accident.I wondered whether I should __1__ the meeting or not.But I had prepared for it for a long time and I was ready for the 1，500-meter race.
（ ）1.A.watch B.attend C.plan D.host
B
1．句意：我不知道我是否应该参加运动会。根据下文decided not to race next year可知，作者在考虑是否参加运动会，故选B。
“Ready…set…” The gun sounded and we were off.The other boys rushed ahead of me.I felt ashamed as I __2__ farther behind.
“Hooray！” The crowd shouted.It was the loudest cheer I had ever heard at a sports meeting.
The first-place runner was one lap(圈) ahead of me when he __3__ the finish line.
（ ）2.A.thought B.felt C.showed D.fell
（ ）3.A.won B.painted C.crossed D.swam
D
3．句意：当第一名冲过终点线时，他跑在我前面一圈。cross(穿过)符合语境，故选C。
C
“Maybe I should __4__，” I thought as I ran.However, I kept going.During the last lap, I ran in __5__ and decided not to race next year, even though by that time my foot had healed.
（ ）4.A.give up B.give away C.put up D.put away
（ ）5.A.need B.danger C.peace D.pain
4．句意：或许我应该放弃。根据“However，I kept going.”可知，作者看到自己被远远地甩在后面想放弃，然而还是继续坚持着，故选A。
A
D
When I finished, I heard much louder __6__ from the girls.“They must be cheering for the winners，” I thought __7__.
（ ）6.A.cheers B.songs C.music \D.laughter
（ ）7.A.excitedly B.slowly C.sadly D.badly
A
7．句意：我难过地想着：“他们一定在为胜利者欢呼。”根据常识可知，作者很难过。故选C。
C
I was leaving the meeting when several girls came up to me.“Wow, you've shown a lot of __8__ ！” One of them told me.“We were cheering for you.Did you hear us？”
（ ）8.A.talent B.courage C.interest D.humor
B
8．句意：哇，你表现出了很大的勇气！ 作者尽管被第一名远远地甩在后面，但是作者仍然坚持跑完全程，这种勇气让这些女孩感动，故选B。
I felt __9__ again and decided to run again next year.I __10__ that strength and courage aren't always measured in victories.The strongest people are not always those who win, but those who don't give up even when they are losing.
（ ）9.A.lucky B.hopeful C.worried D.unhappy
（ ）10.A.doubted B.imagined C.realized D.required
B
10．句意：我意识到力量和勇气并不总是用胜利来衡量的。根据“that strength and courage aren't always measured in victories”可知，这是作者认识到的哲理感悟，故选C。
C
【短文大意】本文主要讲述了作者在一次运动会1500米的比赛中被远远地甩在后面，跑完比赛后他想着明年再也不参加了，但是给他加油的女孩们的欢呼声给了他鼓励，让他意识到力量和勇气并不总是用胜利来衡量的。最坚强的人并不总是那些胜利者，而是那些即使在失败的时候也不放弃的人。
三、阅读理解B(2022昆明改编)
For 16-year-old Ma Yifei, the violin performance of the Beijing 2022 Olympic theme song, Snowflake, was her best present for Paralympians(残奥运动员) all over the world.Even though snowflakes are related to winter, she let others feel warmth, hope and light through her performance.
Ma went blind at the age of two because of an illness.She became interested in music when she was young.Ma's mother Ha Chunyan, a former music teacher in a primary school, helped her memorize the music score(乐谱) before she played the piano.Ma could not see the keys and always played the wrong notes.It took her thousands of tries to play a piece correctly.
Learning the violin was more challenging.Ma needed to feel the teacher's hands, arms and back to learn the movements, and listen to the strings(弦) over and over again to feel the muscles(肌肉) herself.
“After three years of learning, she still could not make any sound except terrible noises，” said Ha, who advised her daughter to give up the violin.But Ma said, “As I've been practicing so long, it's hard to give up.I believe I will play better if I persist in practicing.”
In 2018, Ma got a chance to follow Sheng Yuan and Cao Yuhan, famous musicians from the Central Conservatory of Music, to study music in Beijing.She left her home in Ningxia to follow her musical dream, though she knew there would be more challenges ahead.
Ma expressed her excitement about performing at the big event.“All my hard work has paid off.I'm proud of standing on the stage today.”
（ ）1.What did the violin performance make people feel
A.Regret, hope and light.
B.Fear, warmth and hope.
C.Warmth, hope and light.
D.Pity, warmth and light.
C
1．根据“she let others feel warmth, hope and light through her performance”可知，她让别人通过她的表演感受到温暖、希望和光明。故选C。
（ ）2.How does the writer describe Ma's difficulties in learning the violin
A.By questioning. B.By listing numbers.
C.By offering advice. D.By giving examples.
D
2．根据“Learning the violin was more challenging.Ma needed to feel the teacher's hands, arms and back to learn the movements…”可知，她需要感受老师的手、手臂和背部来学习动作等，所以作者是通过举例来说明她学习小提琴的困难。故选D。
（ ）3.What does the underlined phrase “persist in” probably mean in Paragraph 4
A.keep on B.end up
C.take pride in D.look forward to
A
3．根据常识可知只有坚持练习，才能弹得更好，故此处画线部分意为“坚持”。故选A。
（ ）4.What can we know about Ma from the passage
A.Ma was born blind.
B.In 2018, Ma got a chance to study music in Beijing.
C.It was more challenging for Ma to learn the piano than the violin.
D.Ma learned to memorize the music score by herself before playing the piano.
B
4．根据“In 2018, Ma got a chance to follow Sheng Yuan and Cao Yuhan… to study music in Beijing.”可知，2018年她得到了去北京学习音乐的机会。故选B。
（ ）5.What can we learn from Ma's story
A.Old habits die hard.
B.There is no place like home.
C.Practice makes perfect.
D.A good friend is like a mirror.
C
5．本文主要讲述了在北京残奥会闭幕式上演奏小提琴的盲人少女马奕菲在学习小提琴的过程中遇到了很多困难，但是她不放弃，不断地练习，终获成功，所以她的故事告诉我们，熟能生巧。故选C。
【短文大意】本文主要讲述了在北京残奥会闭幕式上演奏小提琴的盲人少女马奕菲努力学习音乐的艰难过程。
四、阅读理解C
配对阅读。左栏是5位同学的兴趣和梦想，右栏是2021年《感动中国》人物介绍。请为每位同学选择合适的偶像。
（ ）1.Eric likes running.He is on his school running team and he practices hard every day.To be a professional runner is his dream. （ ）2.Madeline is a little reporter at school.She dreams to be a reporter or a host in a TV station.She likes watching different kinds of TV programs. （ ）3.Gorden likes physics best among all his subjects.In his spare time, he often reads books about science.He hopes to be a great scientist when he grows up. （ ）4.Diana is a 6-year-old girl.She was born deaf.Although life is hard for her, she still dreams of being a teacher for the deaf in the future. （ ）5.Lucas is interested in watching war films.Last week he watched a film about the Korean War in the 1950s and he was deeply moved. A.Yang Zhenning, known as a Nobel-winning physicist, sold his house in the US and donated the money to Tsinghua University.In 2003, he returned to China and taught at Tsinghua University.
B.Su Bingtian, known as the Asian “flying man”， was the first Chinese to race in an Olympic 100m final.At the age of 32, he surprised the world by setting a new record of 9.83 seconds in Asia.
C.Zhu Yanfu, the only person coming back from the battle at Lake Changjin in November 1950, lost both his hands and feet when he was only 17.After returning to his hometown, he opened a school to teach villagers.
D.Gu Songfen, a plane engineer, was born in 1930.He designed and improved different kinds of planes such as the Nanchang CJ-6 and the Shenyang J－8.
E.Janis Chan, a reporter and TV host from Hong Kong, made the TV program No Poverty Land during 3 months to break the bias(偏见) about China.
F.Jiang Mengnan, a deaf Chinese girl, tried to achieve her dream of studying at Tsinghua University in 2018.She tried her best to improve the public living environment for the disabled.
G.Chinese space community, a group of people, has opened a new era for building China's own space station.On April 16, three Chinese Shenzhou－13 astronauts came back home after six months' stay.
B
E
A
F
C
（ ）1.Eric likes running.He is on his school running team and he practices hard every day.To be a professional runner is his dream.
（ ）2.Madeline is a little reporter at school.She dreams to be a reporter or a host in a TV station.She likes watching different kinds of TV programs.
（ ）3.Gorden likes physics best among all his subjects.In his spare time, he often reads books about science.He hopes to be a great scientist when he grows up.
B
E
A
（ ）4.Diana is a 6-year-old girl.She was born deaf.Although life is hard for her, she still dreams of being a teacher for the deaf in the future.
（ ）5.Lucas is interested in watching war films.Last week he watched a film about the Korean War in the 1950s and he was deeply moved.
F
C
A.Yang Zhenning, known as a Nobel-winning physicist, sold his house in the US and donated the money to Tsinghua University.In 2003, he returned to China and taught at Tsinghua University.
B.Su Bingtian, known as the Asian “flying man”， was the first Chinese to race in an Olympic 100m final.At the age of 32, he surprised the world by setting a new record of 9.83 seconds in Asia.
C.Zhu Yanfu, the only person coming back from the battle at Lake Changjin in November 1950, lost both his hands and feet when he was only 17.After returning to his hometown, he opened a school to teach villagers.
D.Gu Songfen, a plane engineer, was born in 1930.He designed and improved different kinds of planes such as the Nanchang CJ-6 and the Shenyang J-8.
E.Janis Chan, a reporter and TV host from Hong Kong, made the TV program No Poverty Land during 3 months to break the bias(偏见) about China.
F.Jiang Mengnan, a deaf Chinese girl, tried to achieve her dream of studying at Tsinghua University in 2018.She tried her best to improve the public living environment for the disabled.
G.Chinese space community, a group of people, has opened a new era for building China's own space station.On April 16, three Chinese Shenzhou－13 astronauts came back home after six months' stay.
Murray Fang is a Chinese American.He was born and 1.__________ up in the United States.He and his family live in New York.2.__________ of his parents are Chinese and work at a university.His father teaches chemistry and his mother teaches Chinese.Murray and his sister go to the same school but they're in 3.__________ classes.
五、短文填空(2022抚顺改编)
grew
1．grow up成长。
2．父母是两个人，所以用Both。
Both
different
Murray can 4.__________ Chinese well.His family like to call him by his Chinese childhood name Maodou.His parents encourage him and 5.__________ sister to speak Chinese at home.He can't read Chinese characters well but he can read books with pinyin.He loves 6.__________ picture books about Chinese history.
6．读书用动词read，且love doing sth.，故填 reading。
speak
his
reading
Murray's parents find different ways to teach them about China 7.__________ Chinese culture.In 2019, they asked for Murray's 8.__________ from his school and took him and his sister back to China for the Spring Festival.They went to Shenyang and got together with their relatives happily.
8．ask for one's leave 请假。
and
leave
Murray set off the fireworks as his dad did 9.__________ he was a kid.They also watched colorful lion dances and enjoyed the lanterns.His sister liked traditional Chinese 10.__________ best, such as hot pot and dumplings.Those experiences were so amazing for them.
9．句意：Murray像他爸爸小时候一样放烟花。空格后是时间状语从句，故填when。
when
10．根据such as后面的内容可知，此处指的是食物，故填food。
food
短文大意：本文主要讲述了美籍华人Murray Fang的情况以及他的家庭信息。
六、读写综合
A.回答问题
Primary and junior high school students now are allowed to stay at school for two hours after school is over.Students can enjoy their hobbies.They can also take part in other after-school activities.
This is one of the key measures(措施) of the “double reduction” policy(“双减”政策) across the country.The policy tries to reduce students' stress caused by too much homework and off-campus training.
When students leave school, they can see their parents, instead of their grandparents, waiting outside to pick them up.Students are happy about it, and so are their parents.
“It's good that I can come to pick up my son，” said Mrs Wang, a mother of a second grader.“I've bought extra exercise books for him to do since he has no homework now.I still need to know how well he has learned.”
The changes also mean that students can choose to do their homework at school after school is over.
“We have a reading course after classes end at 4 pm，” said Zhang Zirui, a primary school student.“Then we do our homework at school.I don't have to do homework when I go back home.”
Lan Lan, a student at a junior high school, has less homework now.“The teacher has cut out the repetitive(重复的) contents in the homework, which I welcome a lot，” she said, “and there are lots of after-school activities for us to take part in.They are great.”
Mr Wang, a father of a junior high school student, said the measures showed the government's great efforts to lighten the burden(负担) on schools, parents and students.
1.What's the purpose of the “double reduction” policy
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
To reduce students' stress./The purpose of the “double reduction” policy is to reduce students' stress.
2.Who can pick up students after school now
_____________________________________________________
The students' parents (can pick them up after school now).
3.Why did Mrs Wang buy extra exercise books for her son
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
To know how well he has learned./Because she needs to know how well he has learned.
4.What does Zhang Zirui do after classes are over
_____________________________________________________
He has a reading course and does homework.
5.How does Lan Lan like the after-school activities
_____________________________________________________
Great./She thinks they're great.
B.书面表达(2022铜仁改编)
“双减”政策后，你校在课后服务活动中根据学生的需求开设了丰富多彩的课程。你校广播站面向全校学生举办一场以“丰富的课外活动”为主题的英语征文活动。假设你是李华，请撰文投稿，分享学校的课外活动情况及体会。内容包括：
(1)你们学校的课外活动情况；
(2)你的体会。
作文要求：
(1)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
(2)语句连贯，词数80个左右。
1.审题　 人称： 第二人称为主　时态：一般现在时
2.思路引导
3.范文赏析
(2022十堰改编)
假设你叫李华，即将从初中毕业。请你给校长写一封信，谈谈你对学校的一些看法。
内容包括：
(1)学校的优点；
(2)学校的不足；
(3)你的建议。
作文要求：
(1)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
(2)语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr/Ms Headmaster，
I am writing to show my sincere gratitude to you for the progress I have made in the past three years.________________
_______________________________________________________
I would like to tell you some things that have affected our school life.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There are many advantages in our school.We have excellent teachers and friendly classmates.Our schoolyard is beautiful and big.But there are still some problems.First of all, we are faced with endless homework every day.Some students have to stay up very late to deal with it, which makes us have less rest time.Secondly, as we all know, colorful out－of－class activities are of great importance to our healthy growth, but we can hardly spare time to take part in them.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Sincerely yours，
Li Hua
In my opinion, we should have more free time to balance our study and life.We should have more colorful and meaningful after－school activities.
谢谢大家！