2023年中考英语专题 话题二 身心健康课件(共71张PPT)

(共71张PPT)
第三部分 名师话题复习
话题二 身心健康
01
基础梳理
02
语境运用
03
强化训练
课标要求：身心健康，抗挫能力，珍爱生命的意识
基础梳理
一、饮食
食物
n. 1.food食物 2.rice大米；米饭 3.noodle面条
4.hamburger汉堡包 5.meat肉 6.beef牛肉
7.chicken鸡肉 8.fish鱼肉 9.egg鸡蛋 10.dumpling饺子 11.soup汤 12.bread面包
13.cake蛋糕 14.candy糖果 15.chocolate巧克力 16.vegetable蔬菜 17.carrot胡萝卜 18.tomato西红柿 19.potato土豆 20.salad沙拉 21.cabbage卷心菜 22.sugar糖 23.oil油 24.salt盐
25.fruit 水果 26.pear梨 27.watermelon西瓜
28.apple苹果 29.banana香蕉 30.orange橙子 31.grape葡萄 32.lemon柠檬 33.strawberry草莓　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
饮料
n. 1.drink饮料 2.water水 3.wine酒 4.coffee咖啡
5.milk牛奶 6.tea茶 7.juice果汁
饮食习俗
单 词 1.breakfast n.早饭 2.lunch n.午餐 3.dinner n.正餐
4.supper n.晚餐 5.meal n.一餐 6.knife n.小刀
7.chopstick n.筷子 8.fork n.餐叉 9.dish n.碟子
10.plate n.盘子；碟子 11.glass n.玻璃杯 12.bottle n.瓶子
13.bowl n.碗 14.spoon n.勺子 15.cut v.切
16.mix v.混合 17.taste v.品尝 18.smell v.闻
词 块 1.a bowl of beef noodles 一碗牛肉面 2.a piece of bread 一片面包
3.a glass of juice 一杯果汁 4.a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡 5.junk food 垃圾食品 6.fast food 快餐　　　
7.eating habit 饮食习惯　　　 8.knife and fork 刀叉　　　9.cut up 切碎 10.food safety 食品安全
11.have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner 吃早/午/晚/正餐
二、卫生与健康
身体部位
n. 1.head头 2.mouth嘴 3.neck脖子 4.tooth牙齿
5.body身体 6.eye眼睛 7.hand手 8.ear耳朵
9.nose鼻子 10.foot脚 11.arm手臂 12.knee膝盖
13.heart心脏 14.stomach胃；腹部
疾病与卫生保健
n. 1.health健康 2.patient病人 3.doctor医生 4.nurse护士 5.dentist牙医 6.cough咳嗽 7.fever发烧 8.toothache牙疼 9.stomachache胃疼 10.virus病毒 11.flu流感 12.backache背痛；腰痛 13.headache头痛 14.hospital医院 15.medicine药 16.pain疼痛 17.illness/sickness/disease疾病
adj. 1.healthy健康的 2.blind失明的 3.deaf聋的 4.pale苍白的 5.sick/ill生病的 6.medical医疗的 v. 1.cough咳嗽 2.sneeze打喷嚏
3.check检查；审查
疾病与卫生保健
词 块 1.take one‘s temperature 量体温 2.have a fever 发烧
3.go to the/a doctor 去看医生 4.keep fit/healthy 保持健康
5.have a sore throat 喉咙痛 6.hurt oneself 伤了自己
7.take care of ＝ look after 照顾 8.take medicine 吃药
9.have a headache 头疼 10.be pleased to do sth.乐意做某事
11.worry about 担心 12.a few weeks ago 几周前
13.give sb.some advice 给某人一些建议　　 　
14.take one's advice 听取某人的建议
三、情感与情绪
n. 1.silence安静；沉默 2.pride自豪；骄傲
3.pity怜悯；同情 4.luck运气；幸运
5.pardon原谅；宽恕 6.joke笑话；玩笑
7.lie谎言 8.feeling感觉；感触
9.emotion情感； 情绪 10.pleasure高兴；愉快
11.shame羞耻；羞愧 12.pressure压力
13.courage勇敢；勇气
adj. 1.sad(令人)悲伤的 2.lonely孤独的；寂寞的
3.alone单独；独自 4.patient有耐心的
5.nervous紧张不安的 6.confident自信的
7.proud自豪的 8.excited激动的；兴奋的
9.happy愉快的；高兴的 10.angry生气的
11.shy害羞的 12.anxious忧虑的
13.satisfied满意的 14.crazy疯狂的
15.bored烦闷的；厌倦的 16.uneasy不安的
17.mad发疯的；生气的 18.silent沉默的；寂静的 19.upset心烦的 20.sorry难过的；抱歉的
21.afraid害怕的；担心的 22.worried担心的
23.amazing令人大为惊奇的
v. 1.relax放松；休息 2.regret遗憾；懊悔
3.feel感觉；觉得 4.thank谢谢；感谢
5.miss怀念；思念 6.worry担心；担忧 7.hope/wish希望 8.expect预料；期待
9.seem似乎；好像；看来 10.express表达；表示
11.satisfy使满意 12.surprise (使)惊奇，诧异
13.encourage鼓励 14.cheer欢呼；喝彩
15.praise表扬；赞扬 16.fear害怕；惧怕
17.cry哭；叫喊 18.hate厌恶；讨厌
词 块 1.take pride in ＝ be proud of为……感到自豪
2.cheer up(使)变得高兴； 振奋起来
3.be afraid of 害怕 4.in pain 处于痛苦中
5.get mad 大动肝火；气愤
6.keep one's cool 保持冷静　　　　
7.drive sb.crazy/mad 使人发疯/发狂
8.let sb.down 使某人失望
9.in silence 安静地；沉默地
10.fall in love with 爱上
11.keep one's word(s) 守信
12.have an effect on 对……有影响
语境运用
一、根据句意填入适当的单词，每空一词。
1.My favorite __________ is the apple.As the saying goes, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”
2.Lily had a __________， so she went to see a dentist this morning.
3.Linda's mom is a nurse.Her job is to take care of __________ in the hospital.
fruit
toothache
patients
4.It's midnight, but Mike hasn't come back.His mother is __________ about him.
5.We usually have three meals a day.They are breakfast, __________ and supper.
worried
lunch
二、用下面短语的适当形式填空，每个短语限用一次。
worry about; give sb.some advice; take some medicine; take one's advice; go to the doctor; take one's temperature
worry about; give sb.some advice; take some medicine; take one's advice; go to the doctor; take one's temperature
John had had a headache for a long time.One day, he 1.__________________.After checking John carefully and 2.____________________， the doctor said, “Well, you don't need to 3._________________， because there's nothing wrong with you.Your only trouble is that you worry too much.I had a man with the same trouble as you here a few weeks ago, and I 4.____________________ that I am going to give you.
went to the doctor
taking his temperature
take any medicine
gave him some advice
worry about; give sb.some advice; take some medicine; take one's advice; go to the doctor; take one's temperature
He was worried because he couldn't pay his tailor's(裁缝的) bills.I told him not to 5.______________ the bills any more.He 6._______________ and when he came to see me again two days ago, he told me that he felt quite all right again.” “Yes, I know all about that，” answered John.“You see, I'm that man's tailor！”
worry about
took my advice
强化训练
一、 语法选择
Do you need to be cheered up There's a hotline(热线) for that.This free hotline is called “Peptoc Hotline.” If you call the phone number, you __1__ encouraging words of kids.
（ ）1.A.will hear B.hear C.heard
A
The Peptoc Hotline is a school project.It __2__ at West Side Elementary School in Healdsburg, California.It's run by an art teacher Jessica Martin and an artist Asherah Weiss.
（ ）2.A.created B.was created C.creates
B
2．考查被动语态。主语It指代的是Peptoc这条热线，它是在West Side Elementary School被创造的，这里讲述的是过去的事情，因此要用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
At first, Jessica just wanted to help the kids in __3__ class.They had had to face a lot of difficult things lately, including wildfires and the pandemic.__4__ the kids became happy, she thought they should help more people as well.So she created the hotline.The idea was to spread __5__ in the community.The hotline took about a week to complete.It went live in February, 2022.
（ ）3.A.she B.hers C.her
（ ）4.A.Unless B.If C.After
（ ）5.A.happiness B.happy C.happily
C
5．考查词性辨析。分析句子结构可知，缺少宾语，结合谓语动词spread可知是要传播幸福，故选A。
A
C
When callers call __6__， they are greeted by Jessica's daughter, Rosely Pochan, an 11-year-old girl.For example, she tells them __7__ 1 if they are feeling mad or nervous.At first, Jessica hoped the hotline would receive 100 calls __8__ hour.But soon, it became very popular.Now, it is getting __9__ than 8，000 calls each hour!
（ ）6.A.off B.in C.out
（ ）7.A.press B.to press C.pressing
（ ）8.A.a B.the C.an
（ ）9.A.more B.most C.many
B
6．考查介词。call in打电话来。故选B。
B
C
A
Nico Romo is a fifth-grader who worked on the hotline.“__10__ wonderful it is when I'm helping others！” he said.“The project gives people hope as well as joy.”
（ ）10.A.What a B.What C.How
C
【短文大意】本文讲述了一条名为“Peptoc”的特殊的热线，该热线由美国的一所小学的师生共同开办，意在为需要帮助的人们提供鼓励的话语。
二、完形填空
When I was in primary school, I was very fat.I felt tired and __1__ when doing any kind of exercise.
（ ）1.A.comfortable B.wonderful C.excited D.bored
D
1．句意：当我做任何种类的运动时，我都感到又累又无聊。and连接两个并列的形容词，根据tired可知，后面也是有一定贬义的词，故选D。
So I often felt sick and went to see the doctor.What's worse, I was __2__ school from time to time, so I couldn't catch up with others.And my poor health made it even more __3__ for me to keep on exercising.The cycle repeated itself.My parents were really worried about me.
（ ）2.A.thirsty for B.absent from
C.hard on D.good with
（ ）3.A.different B.interesting
C.understanding D.difficult
B
2．句意：更糟糕的是，我经常缺课，所以我不能跟上其他人。根据上句“went to see the doctor”可知要去看医生，所以会缺课。be absent from缺席。
D
One day, my father asked me to have a(n) __4__ with him in the park.He thought for people with very poor health, it was hard to __5__ running and other sports in the beginning, but they could start by walking and increase endurance(耐力) little by little.
（ ）4.A.walk B.point C.cold D.influence
（ ）5.A.make up B.look up C.take up D.end up
4．句意：一天，我爸爸让我和他一起去公园走路。根据下文中“but they could start by walking”可知是去走路。故选A。
A
C
5．句意：他认为对健康状态不好的人来说，一开始就从事跑步或其他运动是困难的，而他们可以通过走路开始，并一点点地增加耐力。take up开始从事，符合语境。
With his encouragement, I __6__ and we went out together.It was hard for me to walk for half an hour.I wanted to give up, but my father __7__ me to continue.
（ ）6.A.regretted B.agreed C.risked D.refused
（ ）7.A.protected B.provided C.encouraged D.understood
B
C
From then on, I was often asked to walk with my parents.To my __8__， I could walk for an hour in the fourth month.How proud I felt! I loved taking exercise __9__.Now I am a perfect runner in my school.I lost all the fat and I am a healthy girl.
（ ）8.A.surprise B.shame C.pity D.embarrassment
（ ）9.A.gradually B.normally C.politely D.heavily
A
A
My parents once taught me that I might face some difficulties in my life, but I shouldn't be afraid of them.What I should do is to try to face them __10__.
（ ）10.A.badly B.bravely C.widely D.loudly
B
10．句意：我应该做的就是努力勇敢地面对它们。通过全文的描述可知，作者是为了鼓励大家勇敢面对困难，故用bravely。
【短文大意】本文主要讲述了作者从一个胖女孩变成一个热爱运动的健康女孩，这个经历让作者明白，生活中会遇到一些困难，但我们不应该害怕它们，应该勇敢地面对它们。
三、阅读理解A(2022河南改编)
Finally, you finish all your schoolwork and sit back in your chair.Suddenly you feel a headache and realize your eyes are painful.What's going on Doctors say that many students are spending too much time in front of screens, especially during online classes.The following might be of some help to you.
THE 20－20－20 RULE This gives your eyes a break from long screen time.It suggests looking at something at least 20 feet away for 20 seconds after 20 minutes of work on the screen.You can then continue working pain free. ●Studies show that people blink(眨眼睛) less often when looking at a screen.Keep your eyes wet by blinking often or using eye drops.
●Sit up straight about an arm's length away from the screen. Make sure you're looking down at your screen.Stand up and exercise often to avoid neck and shoulder pain.
●What about blue light blocking
glasses(防蓝光眼镜) They may look
cool, but research shows that blue
light isn't the biggest cause of eye tiredness.So ask doctors about computer glasses before putting them on.
（ ）1.Who is the text written for
A.Parents. B.Students. C.Doctors. D.Patients.
B
1．推理判断题，根据“Finally, you finish all your schoolwork and sit back in your chair.”可知，你完成了所有的作业，坐在椅子上，所以本文是写给学生的，故选B。
（ ）2.What are the keywords in the 20－20－20 rule
A.20 minutes, 20 feet, 20 times.
B.20 seconds, 20 times, 20 feet.
C.20 feet, 20 seconds, 20 minutes.
D.20 times, 20 minutes, 20 seconds.
C
2．细节理解题。根据“It suggests looking at something at least 20 feet away for 20 seconds after 20 minutes of work on the screen.”可知，它建议在屏幕上工作20分钟后，看至少20英尺外的东西20秒。故选C。
（ ）3.Which of the following best explains the meaning of the underlined sentence in the text
D
3．细节理解题。根据“Sit up straight about an arm's length away from the screen”可知，要坐直，离屏幕大约一臂的距离，故选D。
（ ）4.What is the text mainly about
A.The reasons for eye tiredness.
B.The influence of online classes.
C.The importance of computer glasses.
D.The suggestions about eye protection.
D
（ ）5.In which part of a magazine can you read the text
A.Health. B.Sports.
C.Culture. D.Travel.
A
5．文章出处题。本文主要向学生介绍几点保护视力的做法，所以推测可能在杂志的健康版块看到这篇文章。故选A。
【短文大意】本文向学生介绍几点保护视力的方法。
四、阅读理解B(2022朝阳改编)
Michelle, a famous lady, has found that more than 25% of students are too fat in her country.It is a very serious problem.So she starts a health program to deal with it.The health program is to reduce the number of fat students today and in the future.
The program will get families, schools, newspapers, magazines and TVs to join together and deal with the students' obesity so that students will be at a healthier weight.
The program includes: Food stores should sell healthier foods; schools should arrange(安排) healthier meals without too much fat and more gym classes.
The lady is trying to fight students' obesity all over the country because it can cause illnesses and high food costs.She wants the students to eat right, exercise more and control their weight.She also wants the students to understand it is important to have less sweet food and drink water, milk and fresh juices, but not to choose cokes.At the same time, she has also set a good example by planting a vegetable garden.She hopes that the garden will encourage more people to plant one, too.
The health program is really meaningful to the students today and in the future.As she says, “We can't always build the future for the young, but we can build the young for the future.”
（ ）1.How many students are too fat in Michelle's country
A.Over 15% of students.
B.Over a quarter of students.
C.Over a half of students.
D.Over 75% of students.
B
1．根据第一段“more than 25% of students are too fat in her country”可知，Michelle发现在她的国家超过25%的学生太过肥胖，25%也就是四分之一，即a quarter。故选B。
（ ）2.What does the underlined word “obesity” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.An illness that makes someone stop eating.
B.A feeling of sadness.
C.Being too fat.
D.Being too hungry.
C
2．根据obesity前的“the students'”可知，此处指这些学生正在面临的问题，根据“Michelle, a famous lady, has found that more than 25% of students are too fat in her country.”可知，这些学生的问题是过度肥胖，说明obesity在此指“肥胖症”。故选C。
（ ）3.What does the lady want the shops to do
A.To arrange gym classes.
B.To plant a vegetable garden.
C.To serve meals with less fat.
D.To sell healthier foods.
D
（ ）4.What can we learn from the passage
A.Everyone must plant a vegetable garden.
B.The students' obesity can cause many kinds of sickness.
C.Schools are supposed to arrange meals with too much fat.
D.We can know that Michelle comes from America.
B
（ ）5.What's the main idea of the passage
A.The lady fights obesity in students.
B.The lady cares about food costs.
C.The lady introduces healthy drinks.
D.The lady worries about the height.
A
5．根据“The lady is trying to fight the students' obesity all over the country because it can cause illnesses and high food cost.”并结合文章内容可知，这篇文章讲述的是Michelle正在努力与全国学生的肥胖症作斗争。选项A“那位女士与学生的肥胖症作斗争。”符合题意。故选A。
【短文大意】文章讲述了Michelle为了解决学生们的肥胖问题而做出的努力。
Karen Casey was very unhappy all the time.She didn't have any friends to talk to.She was depressed(抑郁的).Depression is very serious.Many depressed people need 1.__________ to be healthy and feel better.2.__________ some depressed people don't need medicine.They just need a good friend.
五、短文填空(2022抚顺改编)
medicine
1．根据下句“some depressed people don't need medicine”可知，此处是说很多人需要药，即medicine。
But
Some scientists studied a group of depressed people.They wanted to help 3.__________.They studied Karen and some other people.The scientists didn't give medicine to Karen and the others.Instead, each depressed person made a new 4.__________.The scientists thought that friendship would make these people healthy.
4．根据上文中“They just need a good friend”和下句“The scientists thought that friendship…”可知，此处指每个人交一个新朋友，即friend。
them
friend
Karen and her new friend, Emily, met often.They 5.__________ for coffee, to dinner, or to the movies together.Karen slowly started to feel better and she talked to Emily about her problems, too.Karen had a 6.__________ with her job.She was very upset at work.She worked a lot of hours, but her boss didn't pay better.She was afraid to talk to her boss 7.__________ it.
6．have a problem with sth.在某方面有问题。
went
problem
about
Karen talked with Emily about this problem.After that, Karen didn't 8.__________ afraid anymore.Then, she talked to her boss and he agreed to give her 9.__________ money.Now, Karen is happy at work, too.
9．根据上文中的“her boss didn't pay better”可知此处意为老板答应给更多的钱，故填more。
feel
more
After one year, many of the other people felt10.__________， too.They didn't need medicine to feel better.Their new friends were good for their health.
10．根据上文“Karen is happy at work”及本句的“too”可知，其他很多人也开心了，即happy。
happy
短文大意：文章以Karen的经历为例，主要讲述朋友能让抑郁的人不再依靠药物就能感到快乐并变得更健康。
六、读写综合
A.回答问题(2022枣庄改编)
The teen years can be a stressful time for both teenagers and their families.While everyone has stress, teens have new and different kinds of stress they may have never had before.As a parent, you play an important role in helping your teens to deal with stress.
Talk to your teens when you notice signs of stress.Some of the signs that make your teens get stressed out might include unhappiness, worry or physical illness.Ask them what you can do to help.Talking to them can be helpful.
Advise your teens to get enough physical exercise.Exercise reduces the production of stress chemicals in the body and helps to sleep well.Ask your teens what kind of activity they think they might enjoy.They'll be more likely to keep practicing it.
Help your teens manage their daily activities by making a timetable.Many teens feel stressed because they feel like they don't have enough time in the day.Make a timetable that includes enough time for homework and family time.
Make sure that your teens can get enough sleep each night.A lack(缺少) of sleep can cause feelings of stress.Most teens need between 8.5 and 9.25 hours of sleep each night.Make sure your teens have a comfortable quilt and a set time to sleep and wake.Don't let your teens drink coffee, tea, soda or chocolate, close to bedtime.
1.Who is this passage written to
_____________________________________________________
Parents./This passage is written to parents.
2.When should parents talk to their teens
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When they notice signs of stress(, parents should talk to their teens).
3.What helps to sleep well
_____________________________________________________
Exercise (helps to sleep well).
4.How can parents help teens manage their daily activities
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
By making a timetable./Parents can help teens manage their daily activities by making a timetable.
5.How long do most teens need to sleep each night
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
For between 8.5 and 9.25 hours./Most teens need to sleep for between 8.5 and 9.25 hours each night.
B.书面表达
每个人都会遇到压力，当我们遇到压力、失败和困难的时候，强大的抗挫能力能帮助我们渡过难关。你遇到过什么样的压力或困难？你是怎么面对的？请你以“How I Deal with My Stress”为题写一篇短文。内容包括：
(1)简要描述你之前遇到过的一个压力；
(2)分享你成功缓解这个压力的经历；
(3)你给大家的建议。
1.审题　 人称： 第一人称　时态：一般过去时
2.思路引导
3.佳句储备
① It's important to respect others because everybody has his own way to do things.
② Learn to praise the people around us to keep a good relationship with them.
③ What matters most for you is to speak out your thought and have a good talk with your parents.
4.范文赏析
(2022湖南郴州)
近段时间，某中学不少学生因感冒不能正常上课，影响了学习。为此，学生会主席李华准备利用English Broadcast时间建议学生养成良好的生活习惯和加强体育锻炼，以提高身体素质。请你为他准备一份英语发言稿。内容包括：
(1)现象：因感冒不能上课，影响了学习；
(2)建议：培养良好的生活习惯(健康饮食、保证睡眠)，加强锻炼，参加体育活动等；
(3)对同学们的期望。
Boys and girls，
Welcome to our English Broadcast! I'm Li Hua, the chairman of the Students' Union.__________________________
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Recently quite a few students in our school couldn't have lessons as usual because they had a cold.This affected their studies.In order to make you stronger, I'll give you some useful advice.
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I'm looking forward to seeing you happier and healthier! That's all! Thanks for your listening!
Firstly, it's important to have a healthy eating habit.You should eat more vegetables and fruit but less junk food.Secondly, you'd better sleep well.Don't stay up late.Besides, do exercise every day.You can take a walk or run.Lastly, a good attitude towards life is also good for your health.
谢谢大家！