2023年中考英语专题 第六章 形容词和副词课件(共80张PPT)

(共80张PPT)
第一部分 名师语法专题
第六章 形容词和副词
01
中考动态
02
名师点拨
03
强化训练
课标要求（2022年版） 广东省卷近5年中考统计情况
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
形容词原级 √ √ √ √
形容词比较级 √ √
形容词最高级 √ √
形容词辨析 √ √ √ √ √
常见副词 √ √ √ √ √
副词比较级 √
副词最高级
副词辨析 √ √ √ √ √
中考动态
名师点拨
基础自测 限时小练·自查自纠
(限时:10min 正确率:_______/25题)
一、写出下列形容词、副词的比较级与最高级
1 . long________________ 2.wide________________
3.successful_______________________________
4.slow________________ 5.thin________________
6. hot________________ 7.heavy________________
8. happy________________ 9. few________________
10.little________________
longer　longest
wider　widest
more successful　most successful
slower　slowest
thinner　thinnest
hotter　hottest
heavier　heaviest
happier　happiest
fewer　fewest
less　least
11. many/much________________
12.beautiful______________________________
13. far_______________________________
14. good/ well________________ 15.bad________________
16. quickly__________________________
more　most
more beautiful　most beautiful
farther/further　farthest/furthest
better　best
worse　worst
more quickly　most quickly
二、翻译句子，每空词数不限
1.这本书跟那本书一样有趣。
This book is ________________ that one.
2.今天比昨天冷得多。
It is_______________ today__________ it was yesterday.
3.这个故事比那个有趣得多。
This story is _____________________ than that one.
4.他比我大两岁。He is______________ than me.
5.这个故事不如那个有趣。
This story is______________ than that one.
as interesting as
much colder than
much more interesting
two years older
less interesting
6.他的身体越来越好。He is getting________________.
7.他对英语越来越感兴趣。
He is becoming__________________________ English.
8.他吃得越多， 人越胖。
The more he eats, __________ he gets.
9.你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。
Your question is________________________ of the two.
better and better
more and more interested in
the fatter
the harder/more difficult
形容词既可以用来修饰名词、代词，说明其大小、形状、颜色等具体特征，也可用来陈述事物的状态等。副词是表示行为或状态特征的词，主要用来修饰动词、形容词或另外一个副词，有时修饰整个句子。
考点精讲 重点难点·分享突破
考点1
形容词、副词的基本用法
一、形容词
（1）形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时， 形容词放在不定代词之后。如：
I have something important to tell you.
（2）quite/such＋a/an＋adj.＋单数名词/so＋adj.＋a/an＋单数名词。如：
This is so interesting a book that I like it very much.＝ This is such an interesting book that I like it very much.
（3）多个形容词修饰同一个词时，这些形容词的位置由它们和被修饰词的关系的密切程度来决定，一般关系最密切的离被修饰词最近。具体的排列顺序如下：
（限定词，如冠词、名词所有格、物主代词、指示代词和数量词等＋）观点＋大小/尺寸＋形状＋年龄或新旧＋颜色＋来源＋材料或种类。如：
There are a few big round new black French wooden tables in the room.
二、副词
1.副词的用法
2.副词的分类
副词按照意义可以分为：时间副词（如now, lately）、地点副词（如here, outside）、方式副词（如fast, safely）、程度副词（如quite, very）、频度副词（如always, seldom）、疑问副词（如where, how）等。
3.副词的位置
（1）多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语， 则放在宾语之后。如： She speaks English well.
（2）频度副词作状语时， 通常放在行为动词之前， 情态动词、助动词和be动词之后。如： I've never heard him sing.
（3）程度副词一般放在被修饰的形容词或副词的前面。如：
It is a rather difficult job.
（4）副词作定语时， 一般放在被修饰的名词之后。如：
The students there have a lot of time to do their own research work.
enough作副词用时， 放在被修饰词的后面。enough作形容词修饰名词时， 常放在名词的前面。如：
He is not old enough to go to school.
Don't worry.We have enough time.
4.形容词变副词
（1）一般情况下在形容词词尾加-ly。如：sad—sadly, careful—carefully
（2）以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ly。如：lucky—luckily, happy—happily
（3）以“辅音字母＋le”结尾的，去e再加-y。如：
simple—simply, terrible—terribly
（4）其他变化：true—truly，full—fully
有一些以ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。如：friendly, lively, lovely
5.同根形容词与副词意义比较
单词 例子
词义 相似 wide adj.宽的　adv.充分地　widely adv.广泛地
The river is quite wide.
Please open your eyes wide.
English is widely used in the world.
deep adj.深的　adv.深深地　deeply adv.很；非常
high adj.高的　adv.高；在高处　 highly adv.高度地
词义 不同 hard adj.困难的；硬的　adv.努力地　 hardly adv.几乎不 The math problem is hard.
You must work hard.
I hardly go to the park.
close adj.接近；亲密的　adv.接近；靠近 closely adv.密切地
late adj.& adv.迟（的）　lately adv.最近
　　An old man sat on a train.He was on his way home after he visited his son working in a __1__ city.He was looking at the new shoes __2__ because his son bought them for him.__3__， one of the shoes fell out of the window of the train by accident.（ ）1.A.future B.big C.useful D.same
（ ）2.A.highly B.deeply C.widely D.happily
（ ）3.A.Suddenly B.Seriously C.Completely D.Simply
即学即练 对点巩固·链接中考
B
D
A
The people around him all were __4__ for him and they said to him, “Don't worry! It's only a shoe.You __5__ have a shoe.” But to their surprise, the old man threw the other shoe out of the window.A woman asked, “Why？It's __6__.” The old man said with a smile, “Only one shoe is no use for me.But if anyone finds that pair of shoes, he can wear them happily.”
（ ）4.A.happy B.nervous C.sorry D.shy
（ ）5.A.again B.also C.still D.only
（ ）6.A.old B.new C.large D.ugly
C
C
B
考点2
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
一、形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成
1.比较级和最高级的规则变化
2.比较级和最高级的不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good, well好 better更好 best最好
bad, badly, ill坏 worse更坏 worst最坏
many, much许多 more更多 most最多
little少 less较少 least最少
far远的 farther/further更远 farthest/furthest最远
二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1.比较级的用法
比较级常用于两个人或事物作比较。
2.最高级的用法
最高级表示三个或三个以上的人或事物作比较。
（1）同类事物才能进行比较。如：
The climate of Beijing is colder than that of Guangdong.
（2）形容词的最高级前要加the, 副词的最高级前可加可不加the。如：
Roy is a great dancer.He dances （the） most beautifully in his class.
（3）最高级的句型中，in表示环境范围，其后接的名词和主语不是同一概念范畴；of/among表示对象范围， 其后接的名词与主语是同一概念范畴。如：
He is the tallest in his class.
He is the tallest of/among the students.
Bill Gates is the co－founder（联合创始人） of the company Microsoft.Bill Gates was ___1___ man in the world for many years.But Jeff Bezos became the richest man in 2017.Jeff Bezos is the boss of the company Amazon.
（ ）1.A.rich B.richer C.the richest
即学即练 对点巩固·链接中考
C
Bezos's wealth was $182 billion.Gates's wealth was $127 billion.It could be much __2__.But Gates gave a lot of money to charities.
Elon Musk is the co－founder of the company Tesla.Musk was __3__ man in April 2020.He had more money in April 2021 and became __4__ man in the world.He has __5__ money than Bill Gates now.It is the first time in the last eight years that Gates hasn't been the richest or second richest man in the world.
（ ）2.A.many B.more C.most
（ ）3.A.the 31 richest B.31 richer C.31st richer
（ ）4.A.two richer B.second richer C.the second richest
（ ）5.A.much B.more C.the most
B
A
C
B
对接中考 方法探究·总结规律
1.形容词和副词在语法选择中的考查
语法选择对形容词和副词的考查主要为同级比较、比较级和最高级的用法、同根词的词性辨析等。解题时可采用上下文推断法和句子结构分析法进行解题。
①上下文推断法
（2021广东31题）Last month, a new bridge was first opened to the public.It's __________ hanging bridge for walkers in the world.
A.longer B.the longer C.longest D.the longest
D
解析：此题所给的四个选项为形容词的不同等级，因此只要找到比较的范围，就能确定使用哪个等级比较。由下文的“in the world”可知是在全世界范围内比较，应用最高级，又因bridge是单数可数名词，故用定冠词the修饰，故选D。
（2020广东34题）You will have a __________ understanding of kites than before.
A.good B.better C.best D.the best
B
解析：由下文的than可知此处用比较级进行比较，故选B。
②句子结构分析法
（2022广东35题）Wang Yiyi passed the test __________ and became a student of that school.
A.success B.successful C.successfully
C
解析：此题所给的三个选项为名词success及其不同词性的同根词，只要判断出所填词的词性，便可选出正确答案。分析句子结构可知空格处修饰前面的动词短语passed the test，应用副词，故选C。
（2021广东40题）Jerry was one of them.He said __________， “I was a little afraid, but there is no other bridge like this one in the world.It was so worth it.”
A.excite B.excited C.excitedly D.excitement
C
解析：此题所给的四个选项为动词excite及其不同词性的同根词，只要判断出所填词的词性，便可选出正确答案。分析句子结构可知空前的动词said需要用副词来修饰，故选C。
2.形容词和副词在完形填空中的考查
完形填空主要考查形容词和副词的词义辨析，准确掌握所给词的意思并结合上下文选出最符合语境的选项是解题的关键。
①（2022广东48题）No one knew about it at first.But __________， people got into the habit of coming around.
A.sadly B.slowly C.badly D.carefully
B
解析：sadly“悲痛地”； slowly“慢慢地”； badly“严重地”； carefully“仔细地；小心地”。根据前一句“刚开始没有人知道”及but后的内容“人们养成了顺便拜访的习惯”可推知，人们的这种习惯应该是慢慢养成的。故选B。
②（2022广东49题）They would stop by and leave with some vegetables.Molly's yard became a __________ place.
A.clean B.small C.terrible D.popular
D
解析：clean“干净的”； small“小的”； terrible“可怕的；糟糕的”； popular“受欢迎的”。根据前一句“他们会过来，然后带着一些蔬菜离开。”可推知，这个地方应该是成为了很受欢迎的地方。故选D。
③（2021广东42题）Some people laughed at the funny job title, but a 9－year－old boy took the information __________.
A.simply B.lightly C.seriously D.clearly
C
解析：simply“简单地；仅仅”； lightly“轻轻地；轻松地”； seriously“严肃地；认真地”； clearly“清楚地；明白地”， but前后为转折关系，前半句意为“一些人嘲笑这个滑稽的职位名称”，结合选项所给词可知后句意为“一个9岁的小男孩却认真对待了这个信息”，故选C。
④（2021广东43题）He wrote a letter to the agency, saying that he wanted the job.
“Dear sirs, my name is Sam Lee.I think I am the __________ person for the job，” he wrote.
A.right B.kind C.important D.favorite
A
解析：right“正确的；合适的”； kind“体贴的；友好的”； important“重要的”； favorite“最喜欢的”，由上文“他给这个机构写了信，说他想要得到这份工作”，可推知他认为自己是这个工作合适的人选，故选A。
3.形容词和副词在短文填空中的考查
短文填空对形容词和副词的考查，首先要准确判断设空处所填单词的句子成分，确定要用形容词还是副词。其次结合具体语境和相关提示词，判断所用词的比较等级。如果要使用比较级或最高级，则结合形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则，写出正确的答案。
填形容词的判断方法
（1）作定语：一般位于名词或代词之前，复合不定代词、疑问代词之后。如：a fine dinner。
（2）作表语：放在系动词之后。如：His grandma was quite nervous.
（3）作宾语补足语：放在宾语之后，常与find，keep，leave，make，think等词连用，表示宾语的性质或状态等。如：He always makes us happy.
（4）固定用法：用于“基数词＋复数名词（表计量单位的名词）＋形容词”结构或一些固定搭配中。如：10 meters long be interested in。
填副词的判断方法
（1）位于句首，修饰整个句子。如：Luckily he was getting better.
（2）位于情态动词、助动词、be动词之后，实义动词之前，修饰动词。如：People usually become friends because they have something in common.
（3）修饰形容词或其他副词时。 如：Tom runs very quickly.
填比较级或最高级的判断方法
（1）句中有than或设空处前面有far，much，a bit/little或a lot等修饰时，用比较级。如：You will have a much bigger bedroom.
（2）句中有范围或设空处前有one of the修饰时，用最高级。如：One of the most famous places is the Red Flag Canal in Linzhou.
结合以下方法填写答案。
①上下文推断法
（2022广东66题）Would you like to start your day with a cup of tea If the answer is __________， you may have the same habit as many people.
yes
解析：“Would you like…？”用yes或no回答，根据后半句“你可能和很多人一样有相同的习惯”可知应为肯定回答，故填yes。
（2022广东74题）As the population of tea drinkers gets larger, tea business is getting __________ important than before.
more
解析：根据空格后的than可知此处应使用比较级，又根据前半句“喝茶的人越来越多”可推知，茶叶生意应该是比以前更重要了。故填more。
②固定搭配法
（2022广东68题）People like it because it is __________ for their health.
good
解析：本句意为“人们喜欢它（茶）是因为它对人们的健康__________。”结合句意可知应使用固定搭配be good for“对……有好处”。故填good。
（2022广东70题）Chinese people started to drink tea as early as 5，000 years __________.
ago
解析：本句意为“中国人早在5000年 __________ 就开始喝茶。”一段时间＋ago表示“多长时间以前”。故填ago。
（2021广东72题）These experiences in China gave him ideas for his books.Since then he has written thirteen books about China.These books give the world a fuller picture of China and Lao Pan is __________ of what he is doing.
proud
解析：在“be…of”短语中，中间的词常为形容词，结合上文列举的老潘的一系列成就，可知他为他正在做的事感到骄傲，be proud of “为……骄傲”，故填proud。
强化训练
一、语法选择（2022牡丹江改编）
There was once a farmer who had a large field of corn.He worked on it with ___1___ care in the village, but the corn was dying because there had been no rain for a long time.He felt very ___2___.
（ ）1.A.great B.greater C.the greatest
（ ）2.A.sad B.sadness C.sadly
2．felt为系动词，故C选项可排除。very修饰形容词，故应填sad。
C
A
One day, when he stood looking up at the sky, two little raindrops saw him.One said to the other, “Look at that farmer.I feel very sorry ___3___ him.He works so hard in the field, but now it is drying up.I wish I might help him.”
（ ）3.A.of B.on C.for
C
3．feel sorry for为固定搭配，意为“为……感到难过”。
“Yes，”said the other, “___4___ you are only a little raindrop.You can't wet even one plant.”
（ ）4.A.but B.so C.when
4．根据上文“I wish I might help him”可知，小雨滴想帮帮农民，但是另一滴雨滴却表达了异议，故此处应用表转折的连词but。
A
“Well，” said the first, “I know I can't do much, but perhaps I can cheer ___5___ a little.I'll go down __6__ my support, if I can't do anything more.Here I go！”
（ ）5.A.he B.him C.his
（ ）6.A.show B.to show C.showing
6．句意：如果我不能做更多的事，我会下去来表示我的支持。不定式表目的。
B
B
The second one said, “Well, I think I can do that, too.Here I go！” So down went the two raindrops.One fell on the ___7___ nose, and the other on a thirsty plant.
“What's that？” The farmer cried, “A raindrop! I do believe we'll have a shower soon.”
（ ）7.A.farmer B.farmers C.farmer's
C
By this time other raindrops __8__ what they did.One said, “If you two are doing such __9__ good job, I shall follow！” And down it went.“And I！” said another.“And I！” they all said, until a whole shower went down and the corn __10__ all because one little raindrop tried its best to do what it could.
（ ）8.A.saw B.were seeing C.had seen
（ ）9.A.a B.an C.the
（ ）10.A.is saving B.was saved C.was saving
C
A
B
10．根据“went down”可知，时态为一般过去时，A选项可排除。根据主谓关系可知，corn和save为被动关系，故应用was saved。
短文大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一滴滴雨滴们努力帮助农民的故事。
On my first day of junior high school, I was attracted to Elizabeth's beautiful, shining eyes.Later, when she sat in front of me, I __1__ her long ponytail（马尾辫）.What a lovely girl!
（ ）1.A.noticed B.described C.imagined D.decorated
二、完形填空
A
We have many things __2__， such as sharing the same ideas, shopping together and reading novels.We also complement（补充） each other.I am a __3__ person who often forgets important things, but Elizabeth helps me out.
（ ）2.A.in general B.in order C.in common D.in fact
（ ）3.A.careless B.helpful C.lazy D.boring
C
A
2．句意：我们有许多共同点。have sth.in common有共同之处。
3．根据“who often forgets important things”可知，经常忘记重要的事情，是一个粗心的人，故选A。
One day, I forgot to bring my ruler for a Maths exam, and I felt very __4__.At that moment, Elizabeth __5__ and said, “I guessed this might happen, so I brought two.” I felt relieved（放心的） and got excellent grades in that exam.
（ ）4.A.happy B.worried C.proud D.satisfied
（ ）5.A.cheered up B.dressed up C.gave up D.came up
B
D
5．cheer up欢呼；dress up装扮； give up放弃； come up走到跟前。就在作者因为忘记带尺子而担心时，Elizabeth出现了并借给了作者一把尺子。故选D。
What ___6___ me most was something that happened during our military training（军训）.One cold night, I ate so many potato chips that I got a painful stomachache.I was so ___7___ that I cried.To my great comfort, Elizabeth put me on her back and rushed to the doctor's at once.She had to ___8___ me downstairs and upstairs.The doctor checked me and gave me some medicine.If she didn't help me, I wouldn't have been able to sleep that night.
（ ）6.A.calmed B.improved C.moved D.encouraged
（ ）7.A.relaxed B.stressed C.excited D.tired
（ ）8.A.teach B.carry C.keep D.watch
C
B
B
8．根据“Elizabeth put me on her back”可知是Elizabeth背着作者，故选B。
Whenever I want to buy clothes, Elizabeth goes with me and __9__ helps me choose which clothes look best.She has a good eye for fashion.
（ ）9.A.suddenly B.proudly C.simply D.patiently
D
9．suddenly突然；proudly骄傲地；simply简单地； patiently耐心地。根据“helps me choose which clothes look best”可知，Elizabeth总是耐心地陪作者挑衣服，故选D。
It's a ___10___ that we are not in the same school now.But we often communicate with each other on QQ or WeChat.I sincerely hope that our friendship will last forever.
（ ）10.A.chance B.decision C.pity D.choice
C
10．句意：可惜我们现在不在同一所学校。chance机会； decision决定； pity遗憾；choice选择。和好朋友现在不在一所学校应该是感到很遗憾，故选C。
短文大意：本文主要介绍了作者和朋友Elizabeth之间发生的故事。
Matt is a primary school student who loves playing with little animals.One day, when he was on his 1.__________ to school, he saw a homeless cat sitting in a box.It was a black and white cat with bright eyes.The cat was so cute that Matt couldn't 2.__________ playing with it.
三、短文填空
way
help
1．on his way to school在他去上学的路上。
2．can't help doing情不自禁做。
The longer Matt played with the cat, the 3.__________ he liked it.The little cat followed him 4.__________ he left for school.Matt then decided to take the cat to school with 5.__________.He put the cat in his schoolbag and 6.__________ to school happily.
more
as/when
3．句意：Matt和猫玩的时间越长，他越喜欢它。
6．go to school去上学。
him
went
After Matt entered the class, he told some classmates about the cat.As he opened the schoolbag to show them the 7.__________， it suddenly jumped out and started running around the classroom.It even jumped onto the teacher's desk! Everyone in the class was more excited 8.__________ ever before.Just at that 9._______________， the teacher came in and caught the cat quickly.Matt felt embarrassed and his face turned red.
cat
7．根据上下文可知应该是Matt把猫给大家看，故填cat。
9．at that time/moment在那个时候。
than
time/moment
To Matt's surprise, the teacher came up to him with a smile, saying, “Matt, I'm 10.__________ of you because you lend a helping hand to homeless animals, but you are not allowed to take it to school.”
proud
10．be proud of为……感到骄傲。
短文大意：本文讲述了马特在上学路上遇到了一只流浪猫,并把它带到学校的故事。
谢谢大家！