2023年中考英语复习模块三　话题专项训练话题十三　自然生态与环境保护课件(共72张PPT)

(共72张PPT)
模块三　话题专项训练
话题十三　自然生态与环境保护
01
基础梳理·学习理解
02
主题阅读·应用实践
03
以读促写·迁移创新
课标要求：世界主要国家的地理位置，不同地区的生态特征与自然景观；热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生；环境污染及原因，环保意识和行为
话题解读：本话题可涉及的文章体裁广泛，可以是说明文和应用文，如介绍某个国家、地区的情况，介绍生态和自然景观，介绍环保措施；也可以是记叙文，如到某地旅游的经历和感觉，介绍环保故事等。
[时文悦读·素养提升]
阅读理解A
China National Botanical Garden
It was opened in Beijing on 18 April, 2022. And an eye catching① logo catches a lot of attention.
What are the TWO plants in its LOGO
The logo has two rare(稀有的) plants — ginkgo and dawn redwood. It shows the importance of plant protection. Ginkgo and dawn redwood are protected plants in China. They are known as the oldest living tree species② in the world.
Some of the ginkgo trees in the Garden are more than 1，000 years old. Dawn redwood trees were first found in Hubei Province in 1941 and were brought to Beijing in the early 1970s.
How can we visit it
It plans to collect more than 30，000 kinds of plants. With an area③ of about 600 hectares(公顷), it has two parts: the South Garden and the North Garden.
If you want to pay a visit to it, here is some useful information.
Opening hours
●South Garden: 8：00－16：00 (all year round)
●North Garden: 6：00－20：00 (March 16－November 15)
6：30－18：00 (November 16－March 15)
Ticket information
For visiting both the South and North Gardens：
▲The full price for adults is 10 yuan.
▲Children aged 6 and under④ can go to the Garden for free.
▲Children aged between 6 and 18 and full time university students can pay at half price with their student cards.
To get more information, please scan the WeChat QR code.
一、文化意识
中国是全球植物多样性最丰富的国家之一。我国国家植物园将植物展示与园林艺术、传统文化相结合，达到科学与美学的完美统一，让全民共爱自然之美、共享自然之美，促进人与自然和谐发展。
我国首个国家植物园揭牌成立
二、语言能力
熟词生义/词类活用
①eye catching adj.________________________
②species n.__________(单复数同形)
③area n.__________
④under adv.______________
惹人注意的；引人注目的
种；物种
面积
较年轻；小于
三、思维品质
1．Dawn redwood trees were first found in Hubei Province in 1941 and were brought to Beijing in the early 1970s.
[分析]主语是Dawn redwood trees，and连接两个并列谓语，且谓语都用了被动语态。
2．除了文中介绍的ginkgo(银杏)和dawn redwood(水杉)，你还知道哪些树木和植物的英文词汇？来头脑风暴一下吧！
(　　)1.Why might the logo have two rare plants
A．To catch a lot of attention.
B．To show there are many rare plants in the Garden.
C．To show the importance of plant protection.
D．To introduce the two oldest living tree species.
C
(　　)2.What can we learn about the China National Botanical Garden
A．It is in Hubei Province.
B．It has only two rare plants.
C．It has 30，000 kinds of plants.
D．It is made up of two gardens.
D
(　　)3.If you want to visit the National Botanical Garden, you can go to ________．
A．the North Garden at 6 a．m.in January
B．the South Garden at 8 p．m.in October
C．the North Garden at 7 p．m.in December
D．the South Garden at 9 a．m.in July
D
(　　)4.If your parents are going to take you and your 5 year old brother to visit the National Botanical Garden in August, how much should be paid
A．25 yuan.　　　 B．30 yuan.　　　
C．35 yuan.　　　 D．40 yuan.
A
(　　)5.Where can you probably read this article
A．In a history book.　
B．In a travel magazine.
C．In a science report.　
D．In a sports newspaper.
B
短文大意：本文是一则关于中国国家植物园的介绍广告。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“It shows the importance of plant protection.”可知选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“it has two parts：the South Garden and the North Garden.”可知，中国国家植物园由两个园子组成。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据“South Garden：8：00－16：00(all year round); North Garden：6：00－20：00(March 16－November 15)；6：30－18：00(November 16－March 15)”可知，7月上午9点可以去南花园。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据“The full price for adults is 10 yuan.Children aged 6 and under can go to the Garden for free.Children aged between 6 and 18 and full time university students can pay at half price with their student cards.”可知，父母需要支付20元票价，五岁的弟弟免费，读者应是初中生，在18岁以下的学生半价，即5元，所以20＋5＝25元。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据全文内容和“The China National Botanical Garden was opened in Beijing on 18 April，2022.And an eye catching logo caught a lot of attention.”可知，这是一则关于中国国家植物园的广告，应是在旅行杂志能看到。故选B。
一、话题词汇
植物(Plants)
名 词 1.forest森林　　　2.plant植物　　　3.tree树　　　4.grass草　　　5.leaf(leaves)树叶
6.flower花 7.rice水稻 8.wood树林(也可用woods)；木头
动物(Animals)
名 词 1.creature生物；动物　　2.pet宠物　　　　3.panda熊猫　　　
4.lion狮子　　　5.tiger 老虎
6.elephant大象　　　 7.giraffe 长颈鹿 8.sheep绵羊　
9.pig猪　　 10.horse马
11.fox狐狸　　　　 12.snake蛇　 13.dolphin海豚　
14.shark鲨鱼　 15.fish鱼
16.whale 鲸鱼　　17.bird鸟　 18.dog狗　 19.cat猫 20.turkey火鸡
21.ant蚂蚁　　 22.monkey猴子　 23.rabbit兔子　 24.eagle 鹰 25.hen母鸡
26.bee蜜蜂　 27.bear熊　 28.cow母牛 29.frog青蛙 30.goose 鹅
31.mouse(mice)老鼠 32.koala树袋熊 33.parrot鹦鹉 34.spider蜘蛛 35.kangaroo袋鼠
地貌(Landforms)
名 词 1.nature大自然　　 2.geography地理　　　 3.position位置　　 4.place地方　　 5.world世界
6.island岛　　 7.forest森林　　 8.river河流
9.lake湖 10.sea/ocean海
11.coast 海岸 12.pool池塘 13.bank河岸
14.beach海滩 15.desert沙漠
16.hill/mountain山 17.field田野 18.soil土壤
19.sand沙子 20.city城市
21.village村庄 22.countryside农村；乡下 　　
23.farmland 农田 　　24.landscape/scenery风景
季节(Seasons)
名 词 1.spring春天　　　2.summer夏天　　　
3.autumn/fall秋天　　　4.winter冬天
天气(Weather)
名词和形容词 1.climate气候　　2.temperature温度；气温　　
3.heat热；高温　　4.cold寒冷(的)
5.cool凉爽的　 6.degree度数；程度 7.dry干燥的　 8.wet潮湿的
9.cloud云→cloudy多云的；阴天的
10.wind风→windy有风的；多风的
11.sun太阳→sunny晴朗的　 12.fog雾→foggy有雾的
13.rain雨→rainy下雨的；多雨的 14.snow雪→snowy下雪的
15.ice冰；冰块→icy结冰的
动词 1.snow下雪　2.rain下雨　　3.blow刮风　　4.freeze结冰
环境问题(Environmental problems)
动 词 1.litter乱扔　　　　2.reuse重复使用　　　3.burn着火；燃烧 　　　4.cause造成；引起 5.cover遮盖；覆盖　　 6.die消亡；灭亡 7.pollute污染　 8.pour倾倒；喷发 9.waste 浪费
名 词 1.noise 噪音　　　2.rubbish 垃圾　　　3.pollution 污染　　　4.disease 疾病　　 5.flood 洪水 6.trash/waste 垃圾
7.smoke 烟 8.resources资源 9.wildlife野生动物
形 容 词 1.serious 严重的　　　2.harmful 有害的　　　　3.dirty 脏的　　　 4.plastic 塑料的　　 5.acid 酸的
6.global全球的 7.second hand 二手的
8.environmental 环境的 　　　9.local 当地的；本地的
环境保护(Environmental protection)
动 词 1.save 节约；拯救　　2.recycle 回收　　 3.reduce 减少　　4.replace代替　　 5.protect保护
名 词 1.law 法律　　　　　2.government 政府 3．lifestyle 生活方式 形 容 词 1.low carbon 低碳的　2.sustainable 可持续的
3．green 绿色的
二、话题词块
1.plant trees植树　　　　　　
2.blow away吹走　　　　　　　
3.heavy rain暴雨
4.feed on grass以草为食
5.on the surface在表面
6.strong winds强风
7.in the wild在野生环境中 　　　　　
8.be covered with/by snow被雪覆盖
9.a high/low temperature高温/低温 　　　　　
10.geographic position 地理位置
11.places of interest名胜古迹　 　　　　　
12.travel all over the world周游世界
13.at the foot of the hill在山脚下　 　　　　　
14.be famous for the West Lake因西湖而闻名
15.the capital of China中国的首都
16.in the south/north/east/west of China 在中国南部/北部/东部/西部
三、话题句型
1．The Sahara is about 9，060，000 square kilometers in size．It is the biggest desert in the world.撒哈拉面积大约9060000平方千米。它是世界上最大的沙漠。
2．China is one of the oldest countries in the world.It has a much longer history than the USA.中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。它的历史比美国长得多。
3．The Yangtze River is about 6，300 kilometers long and the Yellow River is about 5，464 kilometers long．长江约6300公里长，黄河约5464公里长。
4．The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.喜马拉雅山脉沿着中国西南部延伸。
5．Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain and so is very dangerous to climb.珠穆朗玛峰比其他任何山都高，所以攀登起来非常危险。
6．No ocean in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocean.世界上没有一个海洋像太平洋那么大。
7．It's everyone's duty to love and protect the environment．爱护环境，人人有责。
8．The population of the world is becoming larger and larger．世界人口正变得越来越多。
9．We should do what we can/try our best to protect the environment.我们应该尽我们所能去保护环境。
10．The more water we waste, the less clean water we will have.我们浪费的水越多，我们拥有的清洁的水就越少。
11．If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.如果每个人都为保护环境做一些贡献，这个世界会变得更加美好。
12．We have only one earth.So it is necessary to protect our natural environment.We must take action immediately to protect our earth.我们只有一个地球。所以保护我们的自然环境很有必要。我们必须立即行动起来，保护我们的地球。
一、完形填空(2022西安改编)
My name is Yang Jingjing.I live by the __1__， near a mangrove swamp(红树林沼泽地).My mom is a tour guide.She knows the mangrove swamp __2__．She loves to show people the beautiful animals that live there.
(　　)1.A.river　 B．lake　 C．sea　 D．stream
(　　)2.A.well　 B．little　 C．alone　 D．ahead
C
A
I am writing to the government because I'm __3__ what is happening near my home.The mangrove swamp is home to many __4__ such as birds, butterflies, snakes and so on.Down in the water under the trees are homes of fish and shrimp(虾).The mangrove swamp also __5__ us from wind, waves and floods.
(　　)3.A.bored with　 B．happy about　
C．worried about　 D．excited about
(　　)4.A.strangers　B．players C．vegetables D．animals
(　　)5.A.changes　 B．Protects C．allows　 D．borrows
C
D
B
However, in the past few years, things have changed __6__．These changes bring lots of worries to more and more people.New __7__ were built last year and the year before.
(　　)6.A.wisely　B．suddenly　C．interestingly　D．greatly
(　　)7.A.neighborhoods B．bridges　
C．planets　 D．seas
D
A
It turned the place with mangroves into stores, houses, cinemas, restaurants and car parks.The sea was polluted, too.What is even __8__， all these things are still going on! What will __9__ to the animals that live in the mangrove swamp
(　　)8.A.easier　 B．higher　 C．worse　 D．better
(　　)9.A.carry　 B．happen　 C．sell　 D．leave
C
B
I don't know what we can do.How I wish we can find a way to __10__ together with the mangrove swamp and animals!
(　　)10.A.live　 B．swim　 C．study　 D．eat
A
短文大意：本文是一篇记叙文，作者表达了自己对红树林沼泽地现状的担忧。
3．根据下文的描述可知，红树林沼泽地被变成了社区，许多动物失去了生存的家园，让作者很担心，所以才会写信给政府。
4．根据“such as birds, butterflies, snakes”可知许多动物都生活在红树林沼泽地。
5．protect… from…保护……免受……。
7．根据后句“It turned the place with mangroves into stores, houses, cinemas, restaurants and car parks.”可知，在去年和前年有许多社区被建成。
二、阅读理解B(2022绵阳改编)
Snow forests make up about 30% of the world's total forest areas.These wonderful woodlands are not as famous as the Amazon or other rainforests, but they are still important.
Snow forests are found in the far north of the world, in areas that are quite cold and usually have a lot of snowfall.They lie across parts of Canada, China, Finland, Japan, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the US.Snow forests stretch for thousands of miles and cover about 17% of the Earth's total land area.
Snow forests have very cold winters that can last up to six months, but even so, they are the habitat(栖息地) for all kinds of animals.Animals that live in the snow forests include foxes, rabbits, mice and wolves.In the US and Canada, as many as five billion birds of more than 300 kinds live in the forests in the breeding(繁殖) season.These huge woodlands also perform a very important job: helping to take in carbon based gases, which can cause climate change.
However, snow forests are facing several problems.Trees are being cut down faster and faster for their wood which can be used for building.Some forests are being cleared to make space for new roads and houses.What's worse, Canada and Russia have seen very serious fires spread through the forests.
Luckily, environmental and wildlife groups around the world are working hard to make snow forests protected areas.This means that cutting down trees is controlled in some areas and the forests are seen as areas of special scientific value.
(　　)1.What percent of the world's total forest areas do the snow forests make up
A．About 30.　　 B．About 17.
C．About 70.　　 D．About 83.
(　　)2.What does the underlined word “stretch” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Produce.　 B．Store.　 C．Spread.　 D．Protect.
A
C
(　　)3.What kind of the following animal may live in the snow forests
B
(　　)4.What is the purpose of the passage
A．To teach us how to protect snow forests.
B．To introduce what snow forests are.
C．To tell us snow forests help control the climate.
D．To call on people to protect snow forests.
(　　)5.What does the writer think of snow forests' future
A．Hopeful. B．Awful. C．Doubtful. D．Wonderful.
D
A
短文大意：本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍关于雪林的相关内容并号召人们保护雪林。
2．词义猜测题。根据句意“雪林……上千英里，覆盖了地球整个陆地面积的17%”可知，本句是在介绍雪林的规模，因此“spread(延伸)”符合句意。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。本文主要向我们介绍关于雪林的相关内容，目的是为了号召人们保护雪林，故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为雪林的未来是有希望的。故选A。
三、短文填空
The Arctic, Atlantic, Indian and Pacific are the four oceans we learned about in the geography class.But now we have a new ocean.
On June 8, 2021, the US National Geographic Society announced it would accept the Southern Ocean in Antarctica as the fifth 1.__________．According to the National Geographic, the Southern Ocean includes most of the waters 2.__________ around Antarctica to 60 degrees south latitude(纬度).“It is the only ocean that touches three others and completely surrounds(包围) a continent 3.__________ of being surrounded by continents，” Sylvia Earle, an expert said.
ocean
from
instead
Those who are 4.__________ in the Southern Ocean know it's not like any other ocean.“Anyone who has been there finds it hard to explain 5.__________ makes it so amazing, but they all agree that the ice is bluer, the air is colder 6.__________ the landscapes are more beautiful than anywhere else they can go，” Seth Sykora Bodie, a scientist said.
interested
what
and
The environment of the Southern Ocean is quite special.It's 7.__________ to thousands of species.For example, humpback whales(座头鲸) are known to 8.__________ on small shrimp around Antarctica.National Geographic hopes its new maps will 9.__________ the public with a better understanding of this area, and encourage people to protect the Southern Ocean.It's really important to pay 10.__________ to the Southern Ocean.
home
feed/live
provide
attention
短文大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了除了太平洋、大西洋、印度洋和北冰洋之外新命名的另一大洋——南大洋。
5．根据下文的叙述可知此处是指很难解释是什么使得南大洋如此神奇。故填what。
6．the ice is bluer, the air is colder和the landscapes are more beautiful为并列结构，用and连接。
7．be home to是……的栖息地。根据常识，海洋是很多物种的栖息地。故填home。
8．feed/live on以……为食/为生。
9．provide sb.with sth.为某人提供某物。
四、读写综合
A.回答问题(2022丽水改编)
Dear Li Hua，
You said you want to know about my country.Let me tell you something about it.
Finland, a small country located in Northern Europe along the Baltic Sea(波罗的海), the Gulf of Bothnia(波的尼亚湾) and the Gulf of Finland, is a beautiful place to visit.
Winter is the most popular season in Finland.The sun disappears for months in the northernmost part of the country.People have to wear very heavy coats to keep warm.The white snow, bright moon and stars, and — if you are lucky enough — the colorful Northern Lights, create the famous and surprising light and magical scene.One of the best ways to experience the scene is to sleep in a glass hut(棚屋), surrounded by nature.You can just stay inside, warm and comfortable, looking at the night sky and waiting.
The air quality in Finland is the best in the world according to the data from WHO.As 75% of the country is covered by forests, people can connect with nature easily.Finnish people often enjoy the small things in daily life, like just sitting quietly by a lake.So if you have a chance to Finland, just take a deep breath, hike in the forest or simply rest on a smooth rock by the sea.
By the way, I'd like to take a holiday in China next month.Could you please tell me something about it
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Dasiy
1．Where is Dasiy from
______________________________________________________2．How do people in the northernmost part of the country keep warm
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finland./She's from Finland.
By wearing very heavy coats./They keep warm by wearing very heavy coats.
3．What creates the famous and surprising light and magical scene
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The white snow, bright moon and stars and the colorful Northern Lights (create the famous and surprising light and magical scene).
4．Why can people in Finland connect with nature easily
______________________________________________________5．When will Dasiy take a holiday in China
______________________________________________________
Because 75% of the country is covered by forests.
Next month./She will take a holiday in China next month.
【迁移写作】B.书面表达
假如你是李华，请你给黛西(Dasiy)写一封信，介绍一下中国。内容包括：
(1)中国的位置、人口和历史；
(2)推荐一个参观的城市，并说明理由。
文体：________________
人称：______________________
时态：__________________________
审题
1
应用文/书信
第三人称为主
一般现在时
谋篇
2
遣词、造句
3
1．一个度假胜地______________________　　　
2.最古老的国家之一______________________
3．位于中国南方______________________
4.经济和文化的中心_______________________________
5．名胜古迹__________________________
6.爱上这座城市__________________________
7．中国有世界上最多的人口。 __________________________
a good place for vacation
one of the oldest countries
in south China
the center of economy and culture
places of interest
fall in love with the city
China has the biggest population in the world.
连篇、美化
4
①介绍中国时，可尝试使用同位语(参考回答问题中“Finland, a small country located in Northern Europe…， is a beautiful place to visit.”)；
②介绍中国的历史时，可使用with引导的伴随状语放在句首(如With a history of…， China…)；
③介绍推荐的参观城市的理由时，可使用first，second，besides等连接。
Dear Daisy，
I'm glad to know that you are coming to China for a journey.Now I'll introduce my country to you.
______________________________________________________
I'm looking forward to your coming.
Yours，
Li Hua
Dear Daisy，
I'm glad to know that you are coming to China for a journey.Now I'll introduce my country to you.China, the biggest country in Asia, is a wonderful place to take a holiday.It is also a good place to practice your Chinese.China has the biggest population in the world.With a history of more than 5，000 years, China is also one of the oldest countries.
There are many beautiful places to visit and Beijing is one of them.First, it is the capital of China, so it is the center of economy and culture in China.Besides, you can find many places of interest and fantastic food there, such as the Great Wall and Beijing roast duck.
I'm looking forward to your coming.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作评价表
作文要点是否齐全？________/5分　　
作文结构是否清晰？________/5分
作文是否使用了连接词，使行文流畅、富有逻辑性？________/5分
作文用词和句式是否丰富、高级？________/5分
作文在拼写、语法和标点方面是否都正确？________/5分
卷面是否整洁，字迹是否工整、无涂改？________/5分
谢谢大家！