2023年中考英语语法复习被动语态课件(共17张PPT)

(共17张PPT)
Passive Voice
被动语态
句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语用主动语态。
Many people speak English.
句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语用被动语态。
English is spoken by many people.
被动语态的结构和种类
一般现在时
一般过去时
含情态动词
一般将来时
现在完成时
现在进行时
be+done(及物动词的过去分词）
各种时态只变be，done保持不变
被动语态的各种时态形式
一般现在时
am/is /are +done
They play football on Sunday.
Football is played by them on Sunday.
一般过去时
was/were +done
They built the tall building last year.
The tall building was built by them last year.
各种时态的被动语态
现在进行时
am/is/are + being + done
Some workers are painting the rooms now．
The rooms are being painted by some workers now.
一般将来时
will+be+ done
We will have a sports meeting next week.
A sports meeting will be had （by us） next week.
现在完成时
have/has + been+ done
We have made twenty more keys.
Twenty more keys have been made by us.
情态动词
can/may/must/should +
be+ done
He can take care of the baby.
The baby can be taken care of by him.
主动语态变被动语态
含有单个宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语＂：
1.把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语
2.把主动句的谓语改为被动形式be+done
3.把主动句的主语改为宾语=by + 主动句的主语（人称代词宾格），有时可省略。
The famous professor gave two lectures in English.
→Two lectures were given (by the famous professor) in English.
那位著名的教授用英语作了两次报告。
They often ask some questions after class.
→Some questions are often asked (by them) after class.
他们经常在课后问一些问题。
含有双宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 间接宾语+ 直接宾语＂：
1.指“人”的间接宾语变为被动句的主语，“物”的直接宾语不变。
2.指“物”的直接宾语变为被动句主语，间接宾语前应加上介词to或or。
The doctor gave me some good advice on the pronunciation.
→I was given some good advice on the pronunciation.
→Some good advice was given to me on the pronunciation.
老师给我提了一些关于发音方面的好建议。
含有复合宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 宾语 +宾语补足语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补保持不动(成为主语补足语，简称主补)。
We call him Li Hua.
→He is called Li Hua. 我们叫他李华。
They painted the room white.
→The room was painted white. 他们把房间刷成了白色。
主动结构表被动意义
1）lock，open，cut，sell，wash，write, burn等用作不及物动，主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。
This kind of clothes sells well. 这种衣服卖得很好。
2）表示感官的连系动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：smell，feel，taste，sound等。
3）某些动词后用动名词的主动形式表达被动意义，如：need，want，require，worth等。
The bike needs repairing. 这辆自行车需要修理。
Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。
感官动词和使役动词的被动语态：
感官动词（see,hear,feel,watch,notice等）或使役动词（make,let,have)后接动词原形作宾补，变为被动语态时，需要在动词原形前加上省略的不定式符号to，即＂be seen/heard/found/observed/noticed/made to do sth＂。
They saw her enter the meeting room just now.
→She was seen to enter the meeting room just now. 刚才他们看见她进入了会议室。
特殊情况下的被动语态
练习
My mother made the soup.
2. Uncle Wang will repair my computer.
You must clean your room once a week.
The boy broke the window.
The workers are building a new bridge.
The soup was made by my mother.
My computer will be repaired by Uncle Wang.
Your room must be cleaned once a week(by you).
The window was broken by the boy.
A new bridge is being built(by the workers).
一 用适当的形式填空
1 History is _________ by the people. ( make)
2 He is often ___________ to do the work by the teacher. (ask)
3 The book ___________ by him last year. ( write )
4 The radio ______________ last week. ( mend)
5 Some trees ________________ on the hill already. (plant)
6 A new subway _____________ (build) next year.
7 She ______________ (take) to the hospital already.
8 Thousands of satellites ______________ (send) up into the space so far.
9 They said they _________________ (invite) to the party already.
10 The trains _________________( produce) in Zhuzhou.
11 Young trees should ______________(water) often.
made
asked
was written
was mended
have been planted
will be built
has been taken
have been sent
had been invited
are produced
be watered
填空（完成被动语态填空）
1. They often clean their classroom after school . （改为被动语态）
Their classroom _____ often ______ by them after school.
2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . （同上）
A new pen _____ _______ _____ Tom last week .
is
cleaned
was given to
Practice
Exercises
一、将下列句子改为被动语态
1. Many people speak English in the U.S.A.
English is spoken by many people in the U.S.A.
2. I will finish the work soon.
The work will be finished soon.
3. He bought a bike.
A bike was bought by him.
4. You should do the work carefully.
The work should be done carefully.
5. They are watering the flowers.
The flowers are being watered by them.
6. We heard them sing in the next room.
They were heard to sing (by us) in the next room.
填空（完成被动语态填空）
1. They often clean their classroom after school . （改为被动语态）
Their classroom _____ often ______ by them after school.
2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . （同上）
A new pen _____ _______ _____ Tom last week .
is
cleaned
was given to
用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空
1. When ____ the first man-made satellite _______ （send）up into space
2. Last year vegetables _______ (grow）in the garden by Tom and he ______ (sell）them himself.
3. She _____ （help）him with his homework tomorrow evening.
4. How many magazines ______ （ can borrow）in your library every week
5. John ______（hear）to go upstairs two hours ago.
6. －Who _____ （save）her father
－He ______ （save）by that policeman
was
sent
was grown
sold
will help
can be borrowed
was heard
saved
was saved
7. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.
He ______ _______ _______ _______ only two meals a day.
8.Now people can use computers to help them.
Now computers _______ ______ ______ to help them.
was made to have
can be
used
Homework
复习记忆
被动语态及相关用法
Goodbye!
Thanks!