2023年中考英语复习 专题十五定语从句课件(共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
第一部分
语法专题训练
专题一 名词
1
知识导图
2
考点归纳
3
考点诊断
4
考点梳理
5
专题十五　定语从句
课堂小测
考点 中考（广东卷）近5年考点统计
定语从句 2018、2019
进入中考定语从句考点学习前，我们先来进行该考点的自我诊断吧。请阅读以下短文，并在文中将所有的定语从句用下划线标示出来。
During your teenage years， it is important to give your body the energy that it needs. If you skip meals， you don't get enough calories that your body need， and then you feel tired. By the way， “calories” is just another word which is used to mean energy. Teenage girls need about 2，200 calories a day and boys need a bit more—doctors suggest 2，800 for teenage boys.
50% of your calories should come from rice， bread， vegetables and fruit they eat. You also need to drink a lot of water， 6 to 8 glasses a day. Water helps keep your system clean. Drinking enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair.
Exercise is something that can help to make you look good and be healthy. Experts suggest that teenagers spend at least 30 minutes exercising， five times a week. That is easy to do！ Walking and riding your bike count， and so do school sports.
Many teenagers are surprised to learn that when you exercise， your body produce some chemicals that make you feel relaxed and increase your ability to concentrate when you study. These chemicals can even help you sleep better at night.
During your teenage years, it is important to give your body the energy that it needs．If you skip meals, you don't get enough calories that your body need, and then you feel tired. By the way, “calories” is just another word which is used to mean energy．Teenage girls need about 2，200 calories a day and boys need a bit more—doctors suggest 2，800 for teenage boys. 50% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit they eat．You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses a day. Water helps keep your system clean. Drinking enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair.
Exercise is something that can help to make you look good and be healthy．Experts suggest that teenagers spend at least 30 minutes exercising, five times a week. That is easy to do! Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports. Many teenagers are surprised to learn that when you exercise, your body produce some chemicals that make you feel relaxed and increase your ability to concentrate when you study. These chemicals can even help you sleep better at night.
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，定语从句放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。
This is the present 　　　that　　　my father gave me for my birthday.
先行词
关系代词
Do you know the man 　　who　　is wearing glasses？
先行词
关系代词
◆关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使两者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词作主语、宾语、定语，关系副词可作状语。
用法 例子
1. 作主语，指人，用关系代词who或that，指物用关系代词which或that。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词一致。 I don't like the student who/that is lazy.
我不喜欢懒惰的学生。
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
字典是解释单词意思的书。
2. 作宾语，指人，用关系代词who，whom或that，指物用that或which。关系代词在句中作宾语时常可省略。 She is the girl（who/whom/that） we talked about yesterday.
她是我们昨天谈论的女孩。
These are the books（that/which） you gave me yesterday.
这些是你昨天给我的书。
◆只能使用that，不能用which的情况
用法 例子
1. 先行词是all，few，little，none，nothing，everything，anything等表示物的不定代词。 All that he said is not true.
他说的全不真实。
2. 先行词被only，the very，the last，no，any，all等词修饰时。 He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.
他是去过那个地方的唯一一个外国人。
3. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰的词。 This is the best book that I have read this year.
这是我今年读过的最好的书。
4. 先行词既包括人又包括物时。 He talked about the people and the things that he remembered. 他谈论他记得的人和事。
5. 当主句中含有疑问词who或which时。 Who is the man that is standing over there？
站在那边的那位男士是谁？
◆注意：
先行词是代词时，先判断其指代人还是指代物，再决定用哪个引导词。
eg. I don't like those who talk much but do little.
我不喜欢说得多做得少的人。
The sleeping tigers are bigger than those which are trained there.
这睡着的老虎们比那些被训练的老虎大。
单项选择。
（　　）1. The teachers 　　　　 came for a visit are foreigners.
A．whom B．which C．who D．whose
（　　）2. —Amazing China（《厉害了我的国》） is one of the best documentaries 　　　　 I have ever seen.
—I can't agree more.
A．which B．that C．who D．whom
C
B
（　　）3. I am looking forward to visiting Beijing Daxing International Airport 　　　　 opened on September 25，2019.
A．which B．where C．who D．whom
（　　）4. —Is this the river in 　　　　 I can swim？
—No，it isn't. You can't swim here because the water is polluted badly.
A．which B．who C．that D．the one
A
A
（　　）5. A child 　　　　 often has family dinners will be in closer relationship with 　　　　 his/her parents.
A．who；all B．which；both
C．who；both D．which；all
C
二、短文填空单句训练。
6. I prefer movies 　　　　　　　　 give me something to think about.
7. Do you know the girl 　　　　　　　　 is talking to your brother？
8. Mr. Liu is the person with 　　　　　　　　 I am working.
9. The ticket 　　　　　　　　 I bought for you cost me 50 yuan.
10. The first thing 　　　　　　　　 I will do is to call my parents.
11. He can give me everything 　　　　　　　　 he has.
12. This is the most useful book 　　　　　　　　 I have ever read.
which/that　
who/that　
whom
which/that
that
that
that
一、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
One day， I was waiting for my friend at the bus station. A man came to sell 　1　 and I just smiled and said thank you. I didn't know if it was because of my smile， the young man came closer and stood beside me and started 　2　 me.
（　　）1. A. shoes B．socks C．flowers D．books
（　　）2. A. looking at B．listening to
C．discussing with D．talking to
A
D
“You know， I wasn't born like this， selling shoes. I had a family， but one day my life just 　3　 upside down and all was gone，” he said. He told me that his wife took away all his money， sold his car and the house. It was really a hard time for him and he was 　4　 at that time.
（　　）3. A. lifted B．managed C．turned D．entered
（　　）4. A. sleepy B．awful C．tiny D．painful
C
D
He had nothing and then 　5　 to sell shoes to make a living. I stood next to him and listened， but I was still 　6　 how someone could be so open to a total stranger like that. Then I realized that some people get
　7　 in that way. We often meet people with troubles in their 　8　.
（　　）5. A. preferred B．regretted C．decided D．wished
（　　）6. A. glad B．surprised C．sad D．mad
（　　）7. A. money B．victory C．fame D．relief
（　　）8. A. family B．hearts C．work D．schools
C
B
D
B
For some of them， there isn't anybody that would like to listen to them， so I've learned to treat them 　9　. I always spare my time to listen to them. By doing this， the one who listens can not only help others but also himself， because he gets something to learn from what others 　10　 and see other sides of life. This will make the world a better place to live in for all of us.
（　　）9. A. carefully B．kindly C．badly D．differently
（　　）10. A. express B．perform C．educate D．receive
B
A
二、短文填空。（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分）
My father named Rong Xing isn't exactly a good father. He works every day late into the night， but he gets up 　11　 as well. Even when he's at home， he always thinks about his work and hardly ever
　12　 any time with my mother and me.
11．　　　　　 12.　　　　　..
early　
spends
As 　13　 excellent doctor who graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University， he could make lots of money and only do half the work he is doing now， but he chose to do more difficult and important work.
　14　 he makes much money each month， he spends every penny like it was his last. He always wears old clothes， saying “ 　15　 are comfortable and suit me well. ”
13.　　　　　 14.　　　 　　 15.　　　 　　..
an
Though/Although
They/These
and refuses to change. I sometimes get angry with him for not caring enough 　16　 his look， but he just smiles and says， “Daddy has more 　17　 uses for the money， all right？”
I never stopped being curious（好奇） about 　18　 he spent his money.
16．　　　　　 17.　　　　　 18.　　　　　.
about
important
how
Then one day when I was reading the newspaper， a piece of 　19　 . caught my eyes： “Communist Party member（共产党员） Rong Xing gives away 100，000 yuan to 　20　 poor children go back to school. ”Then I suddenly understood him.
My father's love for others touched me deeply. I started to understand the great spirit which I will learn from and pass on.
19.　　　　　 20. 　　 　　 .
news　
help