2023年中考英语复习 专题五　形容词、副词课件(共54张PPT)

(共54张PPT)
第一部分
语法专题训练
专题一 名词
1
知识导图
2
考点归纳
3
考点诊断
4
考点梳理
5
专题五　形容词、副词
课堂小测
考点 中考（广东卷）近5年考点统计
最高级 2021、2022
比较级 2018、2019、2020、2022
原级 2021
进入中考形容词和副词考点学习前，我们先来进行该考点的自我诊断吧。请阅读以下短文，并在文中将所有的形容词和副词用下划线标示出来。
Tom has a lovely dog. Its name is Tim. Tom always likes playing with Tim. Tim is fun， so it is very happy for Tom to be with Tim every day. They both love beautiful flowers. This year， they will go to see a flower show in Beijing， and they will see many interesting places， like the Great Wall and so on. They will see many precious monuments（纪念碑）. I hope they will enjoy this trip happily.
Tom has a lovely dog. Its name is Tim. Tom always likes playing with Tim. Tim is fun,__so it is very happy for Tom to be with Tim every day. They both love beautiful flowers. This year, they will go to see a flower show in Beijing, and they will see many interesting places, like the Great Wall and so on. They will see many precious monuments. I hope they will enjoy this trip happily．
形容词用来修饰名词或不定代词，说明事物和人的性质和特征，在句中作定语、表语及宾语补足语；而副词用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，在句中作状语、表语、补语和定语。
考点一：
形容词的用法和位置
用法和位置 例子
1. 作定语，放在名词前，不定代词后 a red apple，an old man，anything important
2. 作表语，放在系动词后 asleep，afraid，alive，alone，worth
用法和位置 例子
3. 作宾语补足语，放在宾语后，常与make，leave，keep连用 The news made me excited. 　　
这消息使我很兴奋。
4. 放在定冠词后，变成名词，表示一类人或一类事物或概念 The young should look after the old. 　　　
年轻人应该照顾老人。
It's important for the rich to help the poor.
富人帮助穷人很重要。
小语篇训练。
It is a good idea to learn to swim. Swimming is a（n） 　1　 skill. I joined my school's Swimming Club last year. Our coach is 　2　 and helpful. He tells us to practice more often. I feel 　3　 in the water.
（　　）1. A. careful B．fast C．strict D．important
（　　）2. A. brave B．nervous C．friendly D．careless
（　　）3. A. angry B．sick C．patient D．comfortable
D
C
D
I like to go to the swimming pool in the late afternoon after studying hard at school all day. Swimming is a good way to make me 　4　. Perhaps this sounds 　5　， but it helps me with my homework in the evening because I feel fresh after swimming.
（　　）4. A. relaxing B．relaxed C．moving D．moved
（　　）5. A. strange B．boring C．normal D．terrible
B
A
考点二：
副词的种类、作用和位置
种
类 时间副词：now，still，then，soon，later等 I often help my mother do the dishes after dinner.
我经常在饭后帮助妈妈洗餐具。
地点副词： home，here，there等，放在动词之后不再加介词（to/at/in等） He went home quietly. 　　　　
他一声不吭地回家了。
方式副词：一般由形容词＋ly演变，用来回答“怎样……”这类问题（happily，quickly，quietly，carefully，simply等） We are doing our homework carefully.
我们正在很仔细地做作业。
*还有与形容词同形的副词：fast，early，hard，late
程度副词：much，a little等 I am a little taller than Jack. 　　　　
我比杰克高一点点。
种
类 疑问副词：how，why等，用于引导特殊疑问句 How does he go to school？ 　 　
他怎么上学？
频率副词：usually，sometimes，never等，常用how often提问 How often do you exercise？ 　　
你多久锻炼一次？
连接副词：how，when等，用于状语从句或宾语从句中，充当连接词 I want to know how he finished the work.
我想知道他如何完成这项工作。
作
用 作状语，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子 He runs fast. 　　　　他跑得快。
I have been very busy these days.
我这些日子很忙。
作表语，用来说明主语的状态 When the meeting is over，please give me a call.
会议结束时，给我打个电话。
作定语，通常后置 All the students here will have a test this week.
这儿的所有学生本周都要考试。
位
置 副词作状语时，通常放在谓语动词之后，如果谓语动词后带有宾语，则放在宾语之后 All of us can sing well.
我们所有人都能唱得好。
频率副词作状语时放在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前 He always goes to school by bus.
他总是坐公共汽车上学。
My father is always busy. 　　　
我爸爸总是很忙碌。
副词修饰形容词或副词时，置于所修饰的词语之前。但是，enough修饰形容词或副词时则放在所修饰词之后 My father's oral English is really good.
我父亲的英语口语非常好。
The room is big enough to hold 300 people.
这个房间足够大，可以容纳300人。
位
置 地点副词、时间副词和方式副词放在句尾，它们同时出现时顺序是：方式副词→地点副词→时间副词 The students are doing the exercises carefully in the classroom now. 学生们在教室很认真地做练习。
Many people take exercise happily in the park every day. 很多人每天在公园里很高兴地锻炼。
程度副词一般放在被修饰的形容词或副词前面，放在情态动词和助动词之后 The kites fly quite high.
这些风筝飞得相当高。
else 修饰疑问词what，who，whom，whose，where和不定代词something，anything，nothing，everything等时要后置 What else can you see in the picture？
在图画里你还看见什么？
I have something else to tell you.
我还有一些其他的事情要告诉你。
单项选择。
（　　）6. —Can you hear me？
—No， I can't hear you because you can't speak 　　　　.
A．clear enough B．enough clear
C．clearly enough D．enough clearly
C
（　　）7. The old man lives 　　　　 in a small house， but he never feels 　　　　.
A．lonely； lonely B．lonely； alone
C．alone； alone D．alone； lonely
（　　）8. When an earthquake happens， and you are outdoors， you should go to an open area as 　　　　 as possible.
A．quietly B．quickly
C．loudly D．slowly
D
B
考点三：
形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的规则变化
规则变化 例子
单音节词或少数双音节词在词尾加 er或
est，分别构成比较级和最高级 tall—taller—tallest 　 　　
clean—cleaner—cleanest
young—younger—youngest
以不发音字母 e结尾的形容词和副词，只加 r构成比较级，加 st构成最高级 late—later—latest　　 　　
nice—nicer—nicest
large—larger—largest
brave—braver—bravest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，先将y变成i，再加 er构成比较级，加 est构成最高级 heavy—heavier—heaviest　
busy—busier—busiest
early—earlier—earliest
healthy—healthier—healthiest
规则变化 例子
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写这一辅音字母再加 er或 est thin—thinner—thinnest　 　
hot—hotter—hottest
fat—fatter—fattest
big—bigger—biggest
多音节或部分双音节词和多数以
ly结尾的副词，在其前加more或most beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful　　
important—more important—most important
popular—more popular—most popular
quickly—more quickly—most quickly
考点四：
形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的不规则变化
口诀 原级 比较级 最高级 口诀 原级 比较级 最高级
两多 many more most 一老 old elder（家庭中表长幼） eldest
older（岁数大，东西旧） oldest
much
两好 good better best 一少 little less least
well
两
坏
病 bad worse worst 远距离 far farther（距离远） farthest
badly further（程度深，深入） furthest
ill
◆不规则变化口诀助记：两多，两好，两坏病，一老，一少，远距离。
It is much easier to e mail a letter than to post it.
发邮件比寄信容易多了。
That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus.
那肯定比乘车好玩得多。
形容词和副词比较级的修饰语，主要有much，even，a little，a bit， far，a lot等
考点五：
考点六：
形容词和副词的原级用法
用法 例子
very，so，too，quite，rather＋原级 The man is very （so，quite，rather） kind.
这个男人是非常（如此，相当，十分）仁慈的。
It's too cold e in please.
外面太冷，请进来吧。
“A＋谓语动词＋as＋原级＋as＋B”表示“A和B一样……” English is as important as Chinese.
英语和语文一样重要。
I get up as early as my sister. 　　
我起床和姐姐一样早。
用法 例子
“A＋谓语动词＋not＋as/so＋原级＋as＋B”表示“A不如B……” The weather in Beijing is not as hot as that in Wuhan. ＝The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Beijing.
北京的天气不如武汉的天气热。
I think maths is not as easy as Chinese. ＝I think Chinese is easier than maths. 我认为数学不如语文容易。
单项选择。
（　　）9. Tim's new jacket is as 　　　　 as mine.
A．cheaper B．cheap
C．cheapest D．more cheap
（　　）10. She finds it 　　　　 to study English because she hasn't found a right way to learn it.
A．difficult B．difficultly C．easy D．easily
B
A
（　　）11. —Jack， how are you feeling today？
—Much 　　　　. I think I can go to school tomorrow.
A．better B．worse C．brighter D．weaker
（　　）12. Jenny looked very 　　　　 because her parents gave her a nice gift.
A．happily B．happier C．happy D．happiest
A
C
考点七：
形容词和副词的比较级的用法
用法 例子
“A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than＋B”表示“A比B……” Lily's room is bigger than Tony's.
莉莉的房间比托尼的房间大。
Jim runs faster than Tom. 　
吉姆跑得比汤姆快。
“A＋谓语动词＋less 原级＋than＋B”表示“A不比B……” I think music is less important than Chinese. ＝I think Chinese is more important than music. 　
我认为音乐不如语文重要。
Lucy writes less carefully than Lily. ＝ Lily writes more carefully than Lucy.
露西写得不如莉莉认真。
用法 例子
“A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than any other ＋单数名词”表示“A比任何一个……都……” Simon is taller than any other boy in his class. ＝Simon is the tallest boy in his class. /Simon is taller than the other boys in his class. 西蒙是班上最高的男孩。
“A＋谓语动词＋the ＋比较级＋of the two＋……”表示“两者中较……” Mike is the taller of the two brothers.
两兄弟中迈克更高。
“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……，就越……”，表示两个过程按比例同时增减。 The busier he is，the happier he feels.
他越忙越开心。
The higher the ground is，the thinner air becomes.
离地面越高，空气越稀薄。
用法 例子
“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“more and more＋多音节词的形容词或副词原级”表示“越来越……” Our life gets better and better.
我们的生活会越来越好。
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.
我们的城市会变得越来越漂亮。
考点八：
形容词和副词的最高级用法
用法 例子
“A＋谓语动词＋（the＋）＋最高级＋in/of/among短语”表示在某一范围内或某类人或物中“最……” This park is the most beautiful of the four.
这公园是四个中最漂亮的。
Jack studies the hardest in his class.
杰克是班里最勤奋的。
“A＋谓语动词＋one of the＋最高级＋复数名词＋in/of”表示“……是最……之一” Nancy is one of the most popular students in our school.
南希是我们学校最受欢迎的学生之一。
用法 例子
“A＋谓语动词＋the＋序数词＋最高级＋名词＋in/of短语”表示“……是第……最……的” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长的河流。
“特殊疑问句＋谓语动词＋the＋最高级，A，B or C？”表示
“在A、B、C中，……最……” Which is the biggest，the sun，the moon or the earth？
太阳、月亮和地球哪个最大？
Who has the most storybooks，Li Lei，Jim or Lily？
李雷、吉姆和莉莉谁有最多的故事书？
单项选择。
（　　）13. Tian'anmen Square is one of 　　　　 squares in the world.
A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest
（　　）14. 　　　　 careful you are，　　　　 mistakes you will make.
A．The more； the fewer B．The less； the less
C．The more； the more D．The fewer； the more
D
A
（　　）15. My brother is younger than 　　　　 in our class.
A．any other student B．any another student
C．other student D．any students
（　　）16. The Yellow River is the second 　　　　 river in China.
A．long B．longer
C．longest D．the longest
A
C
1. V ing形容词表示主动意义，多指人或事物本身的特点，强调这种特点对人的影响；V ed形容词表示被动意义，多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人。如：
I am very interested in the interesting book.
我对那本有趣的书非常感兴趣。
2. 形容词＋ly变成副词，但有些以 ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词。如： friendly，lonely，lovely，ugly等。
3. alone独自地；lonely孤独的。如：
The old man lives alone，but he doesn't feel lonely.
老人自己住，但他却不感到孤单。
4. too，also，either用法辨析
too相当as well，主要用于肯定句，常放在句末。如：
He likes English，and I like it，too. 他喜欢英语，我也喜欢。
also主要用于肯定句，常放在be动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前，试比较：
They are also teachers. 他们也是老师。
They can also play the guitar. 他们也会弹吉他。
They also like playing the guitar. 他们也喜欢弹吉他。
either用于否定句，常放在句末。如：
I don't go to school today. He doesn't，either.
我今天没上学，他也没有。
5. already和yet的用法辨析
already常用于肯定句，如：
I have finished doing my homework already. 我已经做完作业。
yet常用于否定句和疑问句句末，如：
They haven't been there yet. 他们还没到那儿。
Have you finished doing your homework yet？ 你完成作业了吗？
Not yet. 还没呢。
6. every day是副词短语，意为“每一天”，用作状语；everyday是形容词，同义词：daily，意为“平常的，日常的”，用作定语，如：
The classroom must be cleaned every day. 必须每天都打扫教室。
They speak everyday English. 他们讲日常用语。
7. too much ＋ 不可数名词，too many＋ 可数名词复数，表“太多”： He spends too much time playing football. 他花太多时间踢足球了。 You made too many mistakes. 你犯太多错误了。 much too ＋ 形容词或副词原级，表“太”： It is much too cold today. 今天太冷了。
8. hard和hardly
hard 作形容词表示 “困难的，硬的”，作副词表示“努力，猛烈地”。而hardly是一个频率副词，表示“几乎不”。
9. 比较级前面一般没有定冠词the，但遇到以下句型时要用the。
He is the heavier of the two boys. 他是两个男孩子中更重的那个。
Lily is the cleverer of the twins. 莉莉是双胞胎中更聪明的那个。
10. 最高级的句型有时可以用比较级句型表示，但要注意搭配。具体如下：
　Shanghai is the largest city in China. 上海是中国最大的城市。
＝Shanghai is larger than any other city（any other ＋单数） in China. （上海和其他城市都属于中国，同范围）
＝Shanghai is larger than the other cities（the other ＋复数） in China. （上海和其他城市都属于中国，同范围）
区别：Shanghai is larger than any city（any ＋单数） in India. 上海比印度的任何城市都要大。（这里上海是中国的，而其他城市是印度的，所以它们的范围不同）
单项选择。
（　　）17. — What was the weather like yesterday？
— It was very bad. It rained 　　　　. People could 　　　　 go out.
A．hard； hard B．hardly； hard
C．hardly； hardly D．hard； hardly
D
（　　）18. —Have you 　　　　 read this poem？
—Yes. I really enjoy it.
A．still B．ever C．yet D．never
（　　）19. How 　　　　 Catherine sings！ I have never heard a
　　　　 voice.
A．beautiful； good B．beautifully； better C．beautifully； best D．beautiful； better
B
B
（　　）20. —What do you think of the movie My Sister？
—Wonderful. I've never seen a movie 　　　　 than it.
A．more moving B．most moving
C．most moved D．more moved
（　　）21. The old man lives 　　　　 in a small house， but he never feels 　　　　.
A．alone； lonely B．lonely； alone
C．alone； alone D．lonely； lonely
A
A
★中考高频形容词和副词相关短语
1 be angry with sb. 对某人生气 11 be bad for 不利于……
2 be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 12 be late for 迟到
3 be pleased with 对……感到满意 13 be proud of 为……感到骄傲
4 be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 14 be full of 充满……的
5 be interested in 对……感兴趣 15 be fond of 喜欢
6 be poor/weak in 在……方面薄弱 16 be short of 缺乏……
7 do well in 擅长于 17 be afraid of 害怕
8 be good to 对某人好 18 be different from 与……不同
9 be famous for 因……出名 19 be far from 远离……
10 be worried about 对……担心 20 be polite to 对……有礼貌
短文填空单句训练（盲填）。
22. A traffic accident happened in our neighborhood yesterday.
　　　　　　　　， nobody was hurt.
23. The Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge is the 　　　　　　 cross -sea bridge in the world.
24. The new car is so 　　　　　　　　 that I can't afford it.
Luckily　
longest　
expensive/dear
25. It rained 　　　　　　　 last night and the streets were full of water.
26. Many doctors and nurses went to Wuhan and fought against
COVID 19 　　　　　　　　. They are real heroes.
27. Mr. Smith is so 　　　　　　　　 that he always explains problems to us over and over again.
28. Bill didn't get ready for the math test， so he felt 　　 　　 . while taking the test.
hard/heavily　
bravely/hard　
patient
nervous/worried
一、语法选择。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life， he wrote nearly 300 songs and an opera.
Xian was born in Panyu， Guangdong， China in 1905. Xian moved from place to place with 　1　 mother， because his father died before he was born.
（　　）1. A. he B．him C．his
C
He began learning to play 　2　 violin when he was 20 years old. In the beginning， his violin was 　3　 cheap and badly made that he couldn't play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop 　4　 and soon showed his talent.
（　　）2. A. a B．an C．the
（　　）3. A. so B．such C．very
（　　）4. A. practice B．practicing C．to practice
C
A
B
In 1934， he was one of the first Chinese students 　5　 studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he left， Xian became the school's best student and won several prizes for his talents.
In 1935， he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later， he came to Yan'an 　6　 music at a college.
（　　）5. A. what B．which C．who
（　　）6. A. teach B．taught C．to teach
C
C
　7　 there were no pianos in Yan'an at that time， Xian still wrote some of his most important music there， including The Yellow River， his most famous works（作品）.
In May 1940， Xian 　8　 to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for movies.
（　　）7. A. If B．Although C．When
（　　）8. A. sent B．was sent C．has sent
B
B
In the Soviet Union， life was very 　9　. Xian got sick and later died of a lung illness 　10　 October 30， 1945， aged only 40. Xian's music， however， lives on in the people's hearts.
（　　）9. A. hard B．harder C．hardest
（　　）10. A. at B．in C．on
C
A
二、短文填空。（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分）
For most people， they enjoy the taste of ice cream. But for Spanish physicist Manuel Linares， the 　11　 of ice cream is important.
Manuel found 　12　 new way to make ice cream even better. He has invented a magic ice cream that changes colors 　13　 you lick（舔） it. It starts out as blue， then 　14　 into pink and ends with purple as it's licked. How interesting it is！
11．　　　　　 12.　　　　　 13.　　　　　 14.　　　　　.
color
a　
when/as　
turns
This fantastic ice cream surprises many people， and especially attracts the young and lots of children to have a try. 　15　， some of them worry about it and think that it may be bad for their health. “My ingredients （原料） are all natural and healthy，” said Manuel. Do you know 　16　 . makes the ice cream change colors？ Acids（酸） and temperature have something to do with it.
15.　　　 　　. 16．　　　　　.
However
what
Manuel 　17　 physics and math in a university. 　18　 is also an ice cream lover. Now his product becomes very 　19　. His students love his product， and Manuel gets lots of calls and emails 　20　 . many ice cream companies in Singapore， Germany， America and Russia. They all want to sell his color- changing ice cream.
17.　　　　　 18.　　　　　 19.　　　　　 20. 　　 　　 .
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