2023年中考英语复习 专题十一　非谓语动词课件(共40张PPT)

(共40张PPT)
第一部分
语法专题训练
专题一 名词
1
知识导图
2
考点归纳
3
考点诊断
4
考点梳理
5
专题十一　非谓语动词
课堂小测
考点 中考（广东卷）近5年考点统计
1. 接不定式 2018、2019、2020、2021、2022
2. 接动名词 ——
3. 接省略to的不定式 ——
4. 分词 2021
进入中考非谓语动词考点学习前，我们先来进行该考点的自我诊断吧。请阅读以下短文，并在文中将所有的非谓语动词用下划线标示出来。
It was 7：00 a．m. Buzz was eating breakfast. He told his parents that he was going to have a school trip today. He asked Fly Guy to stay at home. Fly Guy was so curious that it decided to follow him. It hid himself in Buzz's pocket. However， Fly Guy regretted doing this when it got to the place. It was a flyswatter（苍蝇拍） factory. A tour guide named Flog led them to the flyswatter museum and showed them the flyswatter of the future—the Super Swatter 6，000. Flog let a little fly go. The Super Swatter began to swat（拍打） it. Fly Guy cried and flew to the little fly. But the Super Swatter kept swatting. Fly Guy had a plan to save the little fly. At last， the little fly was safe with the help of Fly Guy.
It was 7：00 a．m. Buzz was eating breakfast. He told his parents that he was going to have a school trip today. He asked Fly Guy to stay at home. Fly Guy was so curious that it decided to follow him. It hid himself in Buzz's pocket. However, Fly Guy regretted doing this when it got to the place. It was a flyswatter(苍蝇拍) factory. A tour guide named Flog led them to the flyswatter museum and showed them the flyswatter of the future—the Super Swatter 6，000. Flog let a little fly go．The Super Swatter began to swat(拍打) it. Fly Guy cried and flew to the little fly. But the Super Swatter kept swatting．Fly Guy had a plan to save the little fly. At last, the little fly was safe with the help of Fly Guy.
定义：动词除在句中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。
种类：动词不定式，动词 ing形式和分词形式。
一、动词不定式，基本形式：to＋动词原形（在某种情况下不带to）
考点一：
动词不定式用法
用法 例子
1. 动词不定式作主语 To learn a foreign language is not easy. ＝ It's not easy to learn a foreign language.
学习一门外语不容易。
注意：动词不定式作主语时，如主语太长，常用it作形式主语，而将动词不定式后置，除be动词外，动词take也可以用上述结构。
例如：It takes sb. some time to do sth. .
2. 动词不定式作表语 My dream job is to be a teacher．　　　　　　　　
我梦想的工作就是当一名老师。
The problem is when to start the work.
问题是什么时候开始工作。
用法 例子
3. 动词不定式作宾语 ★动词＋to do
如：agree，choose，decide，fail，hope，wish，want，learn，forget，remember，like，love，happen，hate，plan，need，try，begin，start，refuse，promise，afford，offer，seem等。
★动词＋疑问词＋to do
Do you know how to learn English well？ 你知道如何学好英语吗？
★动词（find，think，feel等）＋形式宾语（it）＋宾补（adj. ）＋to do
I find it important to learn a second language well.
我发现学好第二语言很重要。
4. 动词不定式作宾语补足语 ★动词＋宾语＋to do，常见的搭配有tell，ask，wish，want，like，invite，warn，allow，advise，encourage，help，order，hate等。
Jenny asked me to show her the new pen. 詹妮让我把新钢笔给她看。
用法 例子
5. 动词不定式作状语 ★表示目的，可用in order to 转换；
Peter came here to visit his grandma yesterday.
＝ Peter came here in order to visit his grandma yesterday.
彼得昨天来这儿看望他的奶奶。
★表示结果，可用too…to…或形容词/副词＋ enough＋to do 结构表达。
Jim is too young to go to school. ＝Jim isn't old enough to go to school.
吉姆太小不能上学。
★表示原因（主语＋形容词＋ to do）
I am sorry to hear it. 　　　　　　　　 　听了这个我很难过。
I am annoyed to hear them talk like that. 听他们那样说话我很不高兴。
6. 动词不定式作定语 Beijing is a good place to take a vacation. 　
北京是一个度假的好地方。
单项选择。
（　　）1. It took me two weeks 　　　　 reading the novels written by Mo Yan.
A．finish B．to finish C．finishes D．finishing
（　　）2. It's easy 　　　　 the problem.
A．of him to solve B．for him to solve
C．for him solving D．of him solving
B
B
（　　）3. We want 　　　　 the tour as soon as possible.
A．starting B．started C．starts D．to start
（　　）4. The teacher often encourages us 　　　　 hard.
A．studying B．study
C．studies D．to study
D
D
（　　）5. I'm allowed 　　　　 on Saturday.
A．go to the movies B．going to the movies
C．went to the movies D．to go to the movies
（　　）6. Don't worry. We will do anything we can 　　　　 you.
A．help B．to help
C．be helped D．helped
D
B
（　　）7. Do you know 　　　　 to send the letter？
A．which to go B．where to go
C．what to go D．where going
（　　）8. It's raining heavily. You'd better 　　　　 now.
don't go B．don't to go
C．not leave D．not to leave
B
C
考点二：
动词不定式to的省略
1. 感官动词 feel，hear，see，watch，notice及使役动词have，let，make等后面用作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to。 He is made to clean the room every day.
他被迫每天打扫房间。
注意：动词不定式可省略to，但在变为被动语态时，要加上to。
2. 省略to常用的搭配 Why not do…？ 　　 　 　 为什么不干某事？
had better do 最好干某事
would rather do than do 宁愿做……而不愿做……
prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做……而不愿做……
Would（Could） you please do sth. ？ 请你做某事好吗？
注意：动词不定式的否定形式：not to do
eg. My mother asks me not to play computer games. 妈妈叫我不要玩电脑游戏。
短文填空单句训练（盲填）。
9. The host told a joke at the party and made the guests 　　　　　 a lot.
10. Businessmen prefer 　　　　　　　　 e mails to communicate with each other rather than 　　　　　　　　 phone calls.
11. For the coming vacation， why not 　　　　　　　　 abroad and see the outside world？
laugh　
go
to write　
make　
12. Sarah， you'd better 　　　　　　　　 more water after running for such a long time.
13. Tony， would you please not 　　　　　　　　 the red box？ It's a secret birthday gift for your sister.
open
drink　
二、动词 ing形式用法
用法 例子
1. 动词 ing形式作主语
（注意：如果主语太长，可用形式主语it代替） Running is good for our health. 跑步对我们的健康有益。
It's interesting to play basketball after school.
放学后打篮球很有趣。
2. 动词 ing形式作宾语 ◇只能接动词 ing形式作宾语的动词有：finish，mind，practice，suggest，enjoy，consider，avoid等。
◇既可以接动词 ing形式又可以接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin，start，like，love，hate，prefer等。
◇动词 ing形式作介词的宾语（介词之后接v. ing形式）
I am good at playing tennis. 　　　　 我擅长打网球。
3. 动词 ing形式作表语 His favorite sport is playing basketball. 　　
他最爱的运动就是打篮球。
4. 动词 ing形式作定语 shopping basket 购物篮　　swimming club 游泳俱乐部
经常接动词 ing形式的动词或短语
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事
finish doing sth. 完成做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事
keep doing sth. 坚持做某事 enjoy doing sth. 乐意做某事
consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 stand doing sth. 忍受做某事
imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事 介词＋doing sth. 做某事
make a contribution to doing sth. 为……而作贡献 feel like doing sth. 想做某事
pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
经常接动词 ing形式的动词或短语
be（get） used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事 have fun doing sth. 做某事有乐趣
have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难 can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 spend…（in） doing sth. 花……做某事
prefer doing to doing sth. 　　　　更喜欢做某事
What（How） about going to visit the Great Wall with our classmates？　
和我们班同学一起去参观长城怎么样？
三、分词用法
分词有两种，一种是现在分词，一种是过去分词。这两种分词在句子中能担任的成分大体相同，主要在意思上有主动与被动之分，现在分词一般有主动的意思，过去分词一般有被动的意思。
现在分词用法 例句
1. 作表语，现在分词作表语表示主语具有的特征。
（注意：过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态。） The story is interesting. 　　　
这个故事很有趣。
The news is exciting.
这个消息令人兴奋。
He felt very excited. 他感到很兴奋。
现在分词用法 例句
2. 作定语 developing country 　　　发展中国家
The boy wearing glasses is my brother.
＝The boy who is wearing glasses is my brother.
那个戴眼镜的男孩是我的兄弟。
3. 作宾补
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补，可以带现在分词作宾补的动词有：see，hear，feel，notice，find，look at，listen to，keep等。 see sb. doing sth. 表示看见某人正在干某事
I found him lying on the floor.
我发现他正躺在地板上。
注意区别：amusing/amused，confusing/confused，disappointing/disappointed，exciting/excited，interesting/interested，surprising/surprised，tiring/tired等词的用法。
过去分词的用法 例子
1. 作表语 My bike is broken. 　　　　我的自行车坏了。
2. 作定语 developed country 发达国家 　　　　　　　　　spoken English 英语口语
3. 作宾补 Teenagers can't get their ears pierced. 　　　　　
青少年不能穿耳洞。
单项选择。
（　　）14. Liu Chang thinks that 　　　　with friends in English is very helpful.
A．talks B．talk C．talked D．talking
（　　）15. Do you know the boy　　　　 under the big tree？
A．lay B．lain C．laying D．lying
D
D
（　　）16. I spent a lot of time 　　　　 English last weekend.
A．to practice speaking B．practicing to speak
C．practicing speaking D．practicing to speak
（　　）17. —What should we do to fight against COVID -19？
—We should wash hands often， avoid 　　　　 to crowded places and so on.
A．go B．going C．gone D．to go
C
B
（　　）18. We often heard her 　　　　 in the morning.
A．sings B．sing C．sang D．to sing
（　　）19. I saw Tom 　　　　 basketball on the playground at this time yesterday.
A．playing B．to play C．play D．played
B
A
（　　）20. —Did you have anyone 　　　　 the trees？
—Yes， I had the trees 　　　　.
A．to water； water B．to water； watered
C．water； to be watered D．water； watered
D
1. 有些动词后面既可跟动词不定式，又可跟动词 ing形式作宾语，但它们的区别不大。如：begin，start，hate，love，like等。
2. 有些动词后面既可跟动词不定式，又可跟动词 ing形式作宾语，注意它们的不同意思。
考点三：
动词不定式和动词 ing形式的区别
动词 doing sth. to do sth.
remember 记得做过某事（动作已发生） 记得要去做某事（动作未发生）
forget 忘了做过某事（动作已发生） 忘了要做某事（动作未发生）
regret 后悔过去做过某事 遗憾地要去做某事
mean 意味着做某事 打算做某事
try 试着做某事（看会发生什么） 努力、尽力做某事
stop 停止做某事 停下来去做另一件事
go on 继续做原来的事 接着做另一件事
短文填空单句训练（盲填）。
21. I'm hungry now. Let's stop to 　　　　　　　　 a meal.
22. Stop 　　　　　　　　 so much noise！ My father is sleeping.
23. Don't forget to 　　　　　　　 an umbrella with you. It will be rainy this afternoon.
take
have/eat　
making　
24. I used to talk back to my mother when I was a child. Now， I really regret 　　　　　 the silly things to my mom.
25. Although they were tired， they still went on 　　　　　 in the field.
26. Please remember to 　　　　　 your parents to let them know where you will go before going out.
doing
working
tell
（满分：25分）　　你的得分：　　　　　.
一、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
When my sister Gina was born， she had a problem with her heart. She was weak after a long 　1　 and had to go to the hospital very often. She had 　2　 walking， playing with other children， and going to school.
（　　）1. A. health B．illness C．peace D．letter
（　　）2. A. trouble B．success C．trust D．tradition
B
A
Our parents wanted to take Gina to a special place in Florida and hoped Gina could 　3　 with dolphins（海豚）. When Gina knew it， she was 　4　 because she didn't know whether it was easy to be around dolphins.
（　　）3. A. draw B．cook
C．swim D．skate
（　　）4. A. polite B．sleepy
C．worried D．honest
C
C
When we got to Florida， we couldn't wait to 　5　 the place. Kids who had 　6　 needs like Gina could come and spend time with dolphins.
（　　）5. A. help B．clean
C．invent D．visit
（　　）6. A. boring B．special
C．harmful D．careless
D
B
I thought it was going to be a vacation， but it wasn't. Gina had to work hard every day for a week. However， the trip was amazing. Gina
　7　 and clapped（鼓掌） when she saw the dolphins. One of the dolphins squeaked（尖叫） happily to 　8　 her.
（　　）7. A. feared B．laughed
C．guarded D．fought
（　　）8. A. hurt B．punish
C．forget D．welcome
B
D
They swam together all day. Gina was able to move her body more than she 　9　 did at home. All of us were really 　10　 of Gina. She was such a wonderful girl.
（　　）9. A. quickly B．loudly
C．usually D．comfortably
（　　）10. A. afraid B．tired
C．proud D．full
C
C
二、短文填空。（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分）（2022·兰州模拟）
One kind word can make someone's day brighter.
Nowadays it seems so hard for people to 　11　 their love and care towards others and to actually understand what they are going through. As a child， I was taught to try 　12　 best to make someone else happy.
11．　　　 　　 12.　　　　　.
express/show　
my
My mom would tell me to say at least one 　13　 word to someone else every day. I admit（承认） that it wasn't very easy to do that. But as soon as you see the look of happiness in that person's eyes， you just want to do 　14　 you can do.
13.　　　　　 14.　　　　　.
kind　
what
I had an experience with a person whom people were always making
　15　 of. Each time I saw that happen， I knew it was wrong. Then I
　16　 up my mind to be his friend. I started to share something interesting with him and introduce him to the people around me. I was making him happy 　17　 doing that. And I felt proud 　18　 I had a great influence on him.
15.　　　 　　. 16．　　　　　 17.　　　　　 18.　　　　　..
fun
made
by
because/that
Now people almost 　19　 making fun of him， but he is still what he was. What changed was others' attitude towards him. I know what I did for my friend was so easy. At the 　20　 time， I got lots of fun. So I always believe a kind word a day may make a difference.
19.　　　　　 20. 　　 　　 .
stop　
same