2023年中考英语复习 话题十一　热点话题课件共52张PPT)

(共52张PPT)
第三部分
话题专题训练
主题二　人与社会
专题一 名词
1
仿写练习
2
时文阅读
3
话题特训
话题十一　热点话题
（Topical issues）
单
词 pollution n. 　　　污染　　　2. history n. 　　　历史　　　
3. ancient adj. 　　　　古代的 4. succeed v. 成功
5. achieve v. 达到 6. hero n. 英雄
7. government n. 政府 8. spread v. 传播
9. building n. 建筑 10. waste n. 浪费
11. society n. 社会 12. situation n. 情景
13. skill n. 技能 14. safety n. 安全
15. responsibility n. 责任 16. relation n. 关系
17. population n. 人口 18. change v. 改变
19. experience n．/v. 经历 20. development n. 发展
短
语 1.too poor to go to school 太穷而上不起学 　　
2.school things学习用品
3.go abroad出国
4.have the right to do sth.有权利做……
5.offer/give one's help to do提供帮助去做……
6.with one's help在……的帮助下
7.try one's best to do尽力做……
8.as…as we can尽我们所能……
9.have the chance to do有机会去做
10.show our love to sb.献爱心
短
语 11.raise money筹集钱
12.get education获得教育
13.drop out of school辍学
14.have an earthquake经历地震
15.be amazed at对……震惊
16.live a hard life过艰难的生活
17.need a lot of things需要很多东西
18.save one's life救某人的命
19.solve the problem解决难题
20.in danger处于危险中
短
语 21.rebuild the homeland重建家园
22.win the heart of sb赢得某人的心
23.campus violence校园暴力
24.be short of缺少
25.overcome difficulties克服困难
26.tell right from wrong明辨是非
27.personal safety人身安全
28.broaden one's horizons开拓某人的视野
29.obey the rules遵守规则
30.break the rules违反规则
1. We should try our best to escape or prevent the campus violence.
我们应尽我们最大的努力避免或阻止校园暴力。
2. The Chinese government recently has changed the two -child policy into three -child policy， meaning that every family in China is allowed to have three children.
最近中国政府已经开放三胎政策，这就意味着我们每个家庭允许拥有三个孩子。
3. We should stop factories from producing harmful gases.
我们应该阻止工厂生产有害气体。
4. In order to build a civilized city， we students should try our best to behave well in the activities.
为了创建文明城市，我们学生在活动中应尽最大努力表现好。
5. People from all over the country help them to rebuild their homeland.
来自全国各地的人们帮他们重建家园。
1. I think we should encourage more people to use shared bikes.
我认为我们应该鼓励更多的人使用共享单车。
【要点讲解】encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做某事”
【仿写练习】我父母经常鼓励我勇敢地去面对困难。
___________________________________________________________
My parents often encourage me to face the difficulties bravely.
2. If everyone can behave well， our city will become more beautiful.
如果每个人都表现好， 我们的城市将会变得更加美丽。
【要点讲解】behave well 意为“表现好”
【仿写练习】他在学校表现很好以至于老师们经常表扬他。
___________________________________________________________
He behaves so well at school that the teachers often praise him.
3. He made up his mind to learn to protect himself.
他下定决心要学会保护自己。
【要点讲解】make up one's mind to do sth. 意为“下决心去做某事”
【仿写练习】我妈妈下决心去减肥。
___________________________________________________________
My mother made/makes up her mind to lose weight.
4. The hazy weather has not only affected the public transportation， but also does harm to people's health.
雾霾天气不仅影响公共交通，而且对人们的健康有害。
【要点讲解】not only…but also… 意为“不仅……而且”
【仿写练习】我们不仅应当学会照顾自己，也要学会去关心他人。
________________________________________________________________________
We should not only learn to take care of ourselves but also learn to care for others.
5. Sometimes shared bikes take up too much room of the road， and they are in our ways.
有时共享单车占据了道路太多空间，它们挡着我们的路。
【要点讲解】take up… 意为“占据，占用……”
【仿写练习】那份工作占用了他大部分的时间。
___________________________________________________________
That work took up most of his time.
6. When I saw the beautiful sights， I fell in love with it.
我一看这美丽的风景，就爱上了它。
【要点讲解】fall in love with… 意为“爱上……”
【仿写练习】我爱上了这座海滨城市。
___________________________________________________________
I fell /fall in love with the seaside city.
7. As a student， I should remember that saving the earth begins with small things.
作为学生，我应该记住拯救地球从小事做起。
【要点讲解】begin with… 意为“从……开始，以……开始”
【仿写练习】这次晚会以一首歌开始。
___________________________________________________________
The party began with a song.
1. A man becomes learned by asking questions. 不耻下问才能有学问。
2. Knowledge starts with practice. 实践出真知。
3. A man can not spin and reel at the same time. 一心不能二用。
4. No way is impossible to courage. 勇者无惧。
5. Prevention is better than cure. 预防胜于治疗。
102岁老人打破泰国百米短跑记录
It takes Thai athlete Sawang Janpram 27. 08 seconds to run 100 meters in 2022. That's not bad， as he is 102 years old.
People know Sawang as the oldest sprinter（短跑运动员） in Thailand. He has run four times in the yearly Thailand Master Athletes Championships.
At the championship（锦标赛） last weekend in the southwestern Samut Songkhram province， he won all the gold medals in the 100～l05 years category（类别）. That is because he has lived longer than any other competitors in that age group. “Getting into sports makes me strong and well. As well as this， exercising helps improve my appetite（胃口） so I eat well too，” Sawang said when he was asked about the secret to his long life.
Sawang walks with his 70 year old daughter， Siripan， every day. He does simple jobs around the house like cleaning the fallen leaves in their garden. But the 102 year old became more active as he prepared for the games.
He trained twice a day for a week at a local sports center with his daughter. “My father always has positive thoughts so he is in a great mental health condition. By doing such trainings， he has gotten much stronger than before. ” Siripan said.
The training helped. Sawang's time for the 100 meter sprint（冲刺） this year was his fastest ever. It is a new Thai record for his age group. As Thailand's society ages， the number of competitors in the senior category has grown， says Viwat Vigrantanoros， president of Asia Masters Athletics. “As you can see， everybody who's here to compete has all forgotten about their ages. When they forget about their ages， they feel happy. ” Viwat said.
1. How many times has Sawang run in the yearly Thailand Master Athletes Championships？
________________________________________________________________________
2. Why did Sawang win all the gold medals in the 100～l05 years category？
___________________________________________________________
He has run 4 times in the yearly Thailand Master Athletes Championships. /4 times.
Because he has lived longer than any other competitors in that age group.
3. Where did Sawang train with his daughter？
________________________________________________________________________
4. What kind of simple jobs does Sawang do around his house？
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. How do competitors feel when they forget about their ages？
___________________________________________________________
He trained at a local sports center with his daughter. /At a local sports center.
He cleans the fallen leaves in his garden. /Cleaning the fallen leaves in his garden.
They feel happy when they forget about their ages. /Happy.
A. 完形填空。（2022·潮州一模改编）
Maxime and Lisa are a young French couple. They are 　1　 to travel across China from Beijing to Yunnan Province on a tandem（双人） bicycle. They have two main purposes and one of them is that they want to encourage green 　2　 through it.
（　　）1. A. willing B．sorry C．surprised D．ready
（　　）2. A. food B．farming C．travel D．reading
D
C
Maxime works for helping farmers raise their cows， while his wife Lisa is a teacher. They both like sharing their travel stories on Facebook.
“We choose a tandem bicycle because it makes it 　3　 to communicate with each other about interesting people and things we 　4　 during the journey. Besides， bicycling is healthier.
（　　）3. A. busier B．easier C．earlier D．lazier
（　　）4. A. come across B．come down
C．come to D．come from
B
A
And it's a cheaper and more environment -friendly way of travelling than
　5　 cars， motors and so on，” the couple said.
As for the other 　6　 of their journey， the two said they wanted to get people's good ideas on 　7　 such as health， economy（经济） and politics in China.
（　　）5. A. painting B．driving C．making D．selling
（　　）6. A. order B．result C．purpose D．problem
（　　）7. A. topics B．passages C．products D．dishes
B
C
A
“We know China is a country with a large population and will be the
　8　 of the economy around the world in the future. We want to get a better understanding of the country and its people. We 　9　 the country，” they said.
（　　）8. A. leader B．stranger C．learner D．teacher
（　　）9. A. need B．miss C．love D．lose
A
C
The couple will be on their journey to China soon. We hope they can make more people further 　10　 China by sharing what they see and hear on the way. Meanwhile， we hope they enjoy their travel in China.
（　　）10. A. dream about B．argue about
C．hear about D．know about
D
B. 阅读理解。（2022·睢宁月考改编）
Why are dogs our best friends？ Maybe because they can understand our words much better than we think， according to a study in Hungary. The study shows that dogs understand not only what we say， but also how we say it. “The results are very exciting and surprising，” says Attila Andics， the lead researcher from a University in Budapest.
For the study， the researchers first trained 13 dogs for months. The dogs had to sit quietly inside machines so that the researchers could scan（ 扫 描 ） their brains and check the activity inside it.
Then the researchers put headphones on dogs and played people's voices to them. There were four different voices. Some were positive words， such as “well done”. Some were negative words like “not good”. The words were also in different tones（音调）. Brain scans showed the dogs could recognize words， as well as the tone of words， much like people do. The positive words with a positive tone brought the strongest activity in their brains' reward centers（反应中枢）. “It shows that for dogs， a nice word can work very well as a reward， but it works best if both words and tones match，” said Andics.
They also found that dogs deal with meaningful words with the left side of the brain and tones with the right. People's brains work in the same way.
Andics said it gave us a new understanding of the language. That is to say， not only humans understand the meaning in words， but also other species（物种） do too.
（　　）1. For the study， researchers did all of the following EXCEPT 　　　　.
A．they made dogs sit inside machines
B．they played with the dogs
C．they scanned the dogs' brains.
D．they played people's voices to them
（　　）2. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us？
A．the results of the study B．the process of the study
C．the reasons for the study D．the advantages of the study
A
B
（　　）3. What does the underlined word “negative” mean in the Paragraph 2？
A．good B．helpful C．careless D．bad
（　　）4. For both dogs and humans， which side of brain deals with tones？
A．Left side for both dogs and humans.
B．Left side for dogs and right side for humans.
C．Right side for both dogs and humans.
D．Right side for dogs and left side for humans.
C
D
（　　）5. What is the main idea of the passage？
A．Dogs are humans' best friends.
B．Dogs are talented in learning humans' language.
C．Dogs can understand the meaning in words.
D．Dogs can also speak humans' language.
C
C. 短文填空。（2022·汕头一模改编）
Eileen Gu， also known by her Chinese name Gu Ailing， became the youngest Olympic champion （冠军） to win gold in freestyle skiing at age 18 at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
When reporters asked about 　1　 secret to success， Gu replied， “I do sports 　2　 I love doing it. But I have a secret weapon （武器）. I have 　3　 for 10 hours every night since childhood. ”
1．　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　.　
slept
her/the　
because　
“Sleep helps with body and brain growth， and it is also a time of revision（复习），” Gu explained. “So I not only grow up while sleeping， but also review 　4　 I learn that day in my dreams， so I can wake up the next morning and discover how to do 　5　 in my class or skiing than before. ”
Gu's mother confirmed（确认）， “When she was 　6　 little girl， I would let her sleep up to 15 hours a day. Then when she was old enough to go to 　7　， it was 13 hours.
4.　　　　　　 5.　　　 　　. 6．　　　　　　 7.　　　　　.
what
a　
better　
school
Now she needs to 　8　 10 hours sleeping every day. Enough sleep is important for her. 　9　 enough sleep， a person might not have the energy to play. ” Red Star News reported. “I remember Eileen's primary school teacher once told me two things. One is not to restrict（限制） their creativity. The 　10　 is to praise their hard work while avoiding praising their smartness. I just follow these two rules. ” Gu's mother said.
8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10. 　　 　　 .
spend　
Without
other
D. 读写综合。（2022·顺德一模）
（一）回答问题。
请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。
Many schools began to provide at least two hours of after school services for students on weekdays in September， 2021. Instead of going to different subject- training classes outside school， students can stay at school to get after school services including homework tutoring（辅导）， sports and interesting activities.
Students can choose one or two activities they like. After school services not only make students learn better and live more healthily， but also make it easier for parents to pick up their children. More parents can pick up their children themselves instead of grandparents. In the past， when schools closed at 4 p．m. ， many parents were still at work and couldn't pick up their children. However， some parents expressed their worries. They really wanted to learn how they could help manage their children's study and life in a better way. Here are some tips.
◆Form good habits. Because of having more time， children are supposed to get into more good habits. Good habits can make all things easy.
◆Make plans. Making plans can help children manage their time better. Put aside their pleasures until their plans are finished.
◆Make full use of the time at school. Children should finish all their homework at school and solve all the problems in time. Don't leave today's work for tomorrow.
◆Help around the house or in the community. Children should help do proper housework at home and more volunteer jobs in the community， which can help children improve their sense of duty as well as their confidence.
◆Set a goal. Without a goal， there is no clear direction； without direction， there is no life.
1. When did many schools begin to provide after school services for students？
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What do after school services include？
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Many schools began to provide after -school services for students in September, 2021. /In September, 2021.
They include homework tutoring, sports and interesting activities. /Homework tutoring, sports and interesting activities.
3. Why couldn't many parents pick up their children in the past？
___________________________________________________________
4. Where should children help do more volunteer jobs？
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. How many tips are mentioned in the passage？
___________________________________________________________
Because they were still at work.
Children should help do more volunteer jobs in the community. /In the community.
Five tips are mentioned in the passage. /Five. /5.
（二）书面表达。
“双减”背景下，国家对作业布置提出了新的要求。假如你是李明，你所在学校的英文报刊开展题目为“My Ideas on Homework”的主题征文活动。请你给该专栏投稿。
内容包括：1. 你最喜欢的家庭作业类型，并简单陈述原因。
2. 你最开心的一次家庭作业经历（包括内容、收获等）。
3. 给家庭作业的布置提出两点建议。
作文要求：1. 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
2. 语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇： assign v．布置； recite v．背诵；broaden one's horizons 开拓视野
My Ideas on Homework
As a student， it is quite important for us to finish our homework to review what we have learned. ___________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二步：列好提纲
第一步：分析题目
文体　　　　　　　 　.　时态　　　 　　　　　　.
人称　　　　　　 　.　　　
.
简单陈述你最喜欢的家庭作业，并简单陈述原因。
你最开心的一次家庭作业经历（包括内容、收获等）。
给家庭作业的布置提出两点建议。
第一段
第二段
第三段
议论文
一般现在时&一般过去式
第一人称
1. instead of 意为“而不是，代替”。
【例句】我给了他一些忠告而不是钱。
I gave him some advice instead of money.
【仿写】我们英语老师选择一种更好的方式让我们去理解英语，而不是用传统方式让我们硬背文章。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第三步：高分句型
Instead of letting us recite articles in a traditional way, our English teacher chose a better way to make us have a good understanding of English.
2. I prefer homework that … 定语从句。
【例句】我更喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐。
I prefer music that I can sing along with.
【仿写】我更喜欢可以提高我解决问题能力和开拓视野的作业。
_________________________________________________________________________________
I prefer homework that can improve my problem -solving ability and broaden my horizons.
3. communicate with… 意为“和……交流……”。
【例句】学会和别人交流很重要。
It is important to learn to communicate with others.
【仿写】我们的老师鼓励我们用英语去与外国人交流。
________________________________________________________________________
Our English teacher encourages us to communicate with a foreigner in English.
My Ideas on Homework
As a student， it is quite important for us to finish our homework to review what we have learned. I prefer homework that 　　　　 　.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， because 　 　　　.
　　　　　　　　　　　　．
第四步：运用because， and， what's more等连接词连接句子。
第五步：语段练习
can improve my problem solving ability and broaden my horizons
it can help me a lot in my daily life
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________．That's my happiest homework experience I've ever had.
In my opinion， I hope 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　．What's more， I also hope 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　．
Last term, our English teacher encouraged us to communicate with a foreigner and discuss the experience with other classmates in English. Instead of letting us recite articles in a traditional way, our English teacher chose a better way to make us have a good understanding of English
teachers can assign less copying
teachers can give us more social practice homework
E. 写作实战演练。
2021年9月，教育部发布“力争到2022年全面实现美育中考”的新闻后，引起很多老师、学生以及家长的关注。上周你班同学就“音乐、美术是否应该纳入初中毕业生学业考试”展开了相关讨论，同学们各抒己见。
内容要求：1. 同学们支持和反对的理由。
2. 你的看法以及原因。
3. 呼吁同学们重视美术、音乐学科。
写作要求：1. 80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总数内。
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。
Last week， we discussed whether the high school entrance examination should include music and art. Students have different opinions.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Some students think that it can help us improve our art skills. However, a few students disagree with it. They think it needs much more time and energy. So students will be stressed out.
In my opinion, music and art should be in the entrance examination for high school. As we all know, art and music play an important role in our life, which can help us develop our interests and make our life more colorful. The most important thing is that we can relax ourselves through art and music in Grade 9.
Let's pay more attention to art and music from now on.