2023年中考英语复习 专题十二　句子的分类课件(共28张PPT)

(共28张PPT)
第一部分
语法专题训练
专题一 名词
1
考点归纳
2
考点诊断
3
考点梳理
4
专题十二　句子的分类
课堂小测
考点 中考（广东卷）近5年考点统计
祈使句 ——
感叹句 2019、2020、2022
There be 句型 ——
进入中考句子分类考点学习前，我们先来进行该考点的自我诊断吧。请将下面所给的句子变成感叹句。
1. It is a long story.
___________________________________________________________
2. He gave me an interesting book.
___________________________________________________________
How long the story is!
What a long story it is!
What an interesting book he gave me!
3. They are clever students.
___________________________________________________________
4. The boy runs fast.
___________________________________________________________
How clever the students are!
What clever students they are!
How fast the boy runs!
1. 句子是一个语言单位，它由词按语法规律构成，表示一个完整独立的思想，句末有句号、问号或感叹号。句子按使用目的可以分为四类：陈述句，疑问句，祈使句和感叹句。
种类 定义 例子
陈述句 陈述句说明一个事实或者陈述说话人的看法。 She arrived quite early. 　
她很早就到了。（事实）
She may have arrived now.
她可能现在已经到了。（看法）
种类 定义 例子
疑问句 （1）一般疑问句
一般疑问句以一个助动词、情态动词、动词be开始，通常要求以yes，或no（或certainly，not at all等）回答。 —Do you like action movies？　—Yes，I do.
——你喜欢动作片吗？ ——是的，喜欢。
—Would you mind turning down the music？
——你介意把音乐声调低吗？
—No，not at all.
——不，一点儿也不。
（2）特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句，都以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头，即疑问词＋一般疑问句 Which subjects do you like best？ 　　
你最喜欢哪些科目？
How much is the book？
这本书多少钱？
Where would you like to visit？
你想去哪里参观？
种类 定义 例子
疑问句 （3）选择疑问句
选择疑问句提出两个答案供选择，两部分由or连接起来，前部分用升调，后部分用降调。 —Do you like coffee or tea？ 　　　
——你要咖啡还是茶？
—Coffee，please.
——咖啡。
—Are you an Englishman or an American？
——你是英国人还是美国人？
—I'm from England.
——英国人。
祈使句 祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、劝告等，谓语动词用原形，否定形式是don't＋动词原形。 Have a seat. 　　　　　　 请坐。
Don't come in，please. 请不要进来。
种类 定义 例子
感
叹
句 感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、气愤等情绪。它由what或how引起，what用来修饰名词，how修饰形容词、副词或动词。 ◆What＋a/an＋形容词＋单数名词＋（主语＋谓语）！
What an interesting story it is！　多么有趣的一个故事啊！
◆What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋（主语＋谓语）！
What delicious food it is！ 多么美味的食物啊！
◆What＋形容词＋复数名词＋（主语＋谓语）！
What clever students they are！ 多么聪明的学生们啊！
◆How＋形容词/副词/动词＋（主语＋谓语）！
How friendly Mary is！ 　　 玛丽是多么的友好啊！
How hard he is working！ 他工作是多么努力啊！
How I miss you！ 我多么想念你！
单项选择。
（　　）1. —How can I avoid the illness， Sir？
—　　　　 a mask when going out and wash hands with soap.
A．Wears B．Wear C．To wear D．Not wear
B
（　　）2. —The little boy is only three years old， but he can memorize about 50 poems.
—　　　　 talented boy he is！（2020·滨州）
A．How B．How a C．What a D．What
（　　）3. Sandy， 　　　　 for some information about the topic. Then share it with us， please.
A．is searching B．searches
C．search D．will search
C
C
（　　）4. 　　　　 high he jumps！ We all believe that he can get the first prize.
A．How a B．How C．What a D．What
（　　）5. —　　　　 fine weather it is！ Shall we go hiking in the hills？
—Why not？
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
B
A
2. 句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。复合句又包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句等。
简单句就是只包括一个主谓结构的句子。它主要有六个句型：
结构 例子
主语＋连系动词＋表语（S＋V＋P） The food tastes delicious.
这食物尝起来可口。
主语＋不及物动词（S＋ Vi） He worked very hard. 　 他工作努力。
主语＋及物动词＋宾语（S＋Vt＋O） We are having a class. 　我们在上课。
主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（S＋Vt＋IO＋DO） Please bring me a cup of tea.
请给我带来一杯茶。
主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾补
（S＋Vt＋O＋OC） The story makes me laugh. 　
这故事使我笑了。
存现句（There be …） There is a tree behind the shop.
商店后面有一棵树。
注意：
间接宾语一般是人，直接宾语一般是物。直接宾语位于间接宾语之前时，间接宾语之前要加介词to或for
He gave me a book. ＝He gave a book to me. 　　　　　　　
他给我一本书。
She bought her father a new car. ＝She bought a new car for her father. 　　　　　　　她为她爸爸买了一辆新车。
加介词to的常用动词有：show，give，send，tell，pass，bring，lend，teach等。
加介词for的常用动词有：buy，get，cook，make，do等。
并列句
用并列连接词连接两个以上的简单句的句子叫做并列句。它的构成：简单句＋连接词＋简单句
连接并列句常用的连接词有：and，but，or，not only…but also…，neither…nor…，either…or…，still等。
用法 例子
（1）表示同等关系的并列连词有： and，not only…but also…，neither…nor…， both…and… I help her and she helps me.
我帮助她，她帮助我。
He is not only good at English，but also Chinese.
他不但擅长英语而且擅长汉语。
（2）表示转折关系的并列连词有：
but，yet，still，while She is very old but she is in good health.
她很老了但她很健康。
（3）表示选择关系的并列连词有：
or，either…or… Hurry up，or we'll be late. ＝If we don't hurry up，we'll be late.
快点，否则我们会迟到。
（4）表示因果关系的并列连词有：for，so I must go home，for it's late.
我必须回家因为天晚了。
单项选择。
（　　）6. There 　　　　 some milk and apples in the fridge.
A．has B．have C．is D．are
（　　）7. China is getting more and more independent of western technology， 　　　　 it is leading in many fields， such as the self-driving car industry.
A．/ B．or C．but D．and
C
D
（　　）8. —Mom， can I play computer games this evening？
—　　　　 your homework first， and then we'll talk about it.
A．Finishing B．Finish
C．To finish D．Finished
B
（　　）9. I have only two tickets for the concert. 　　　　 You
　　　　 he can go with me.
A．Either； or B．Neither； nor
C．Both； and D．Not only； but also
（　　）10. Think it over， 　　　　 you'll work out the math problem.
A．or B．so C．for D．and
A
D
（满分：25分）　　你的得分：　　　　　.
一、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
“The first important thing is to get out of poverty（贫困） in ideas and thoughts”， as Chinese President Xi Jinping pointed out.
Indeed， education is a 　1　 way for people to get out of poverty. In recent years， Chinese governments at all levels have put great effort into　2　 education， especially in underdeveloped areas.
（　　）1. A. proud B．polite C．powerful D．patient
（　　）2. A. improving B．impressing
C．increasing D．introducing
C
A
Last summer holiday， I took part in a public activity. It　3　 me a chance to spend a special time in Luanping， a poor area in Hebei Province. The activity was organized by the China Youth Development Foundation（CYDF）. Its　4　 was to give local people a helping hand， as well as to meet some of the local teenagers there.
（　　）3. A. lent B．saved C．offered D．returned
（　　）4. A. praise B．progress C．pleasure D．purpose
C
D
Luanping is one of the poorest places in China. I had never set foot in a poor area like this until I took part in such a（n） 　5　.
Arriving there， I saw the villagers standing along the road as they gave us a warm welcome. The things that 　6　 me most were the buildings.
（　　）5. A. activity B．match C．test D．festival
（　　）6. A. relaxed B．worried C．surprised D．satisfied
A
C
They were modern and beautiful， far from what I imagined they'd be. At that moment， I couldn't believe my 　7　. Later a teacher told us that the village had developed a lot since the Chinese government began to pay more attention to poverty education.
After the greeting ceremony（仪式）， the local teenagers joined us and we all played together. When 　8　 with the local children， I found that all of them had their own smartphone.
（　　）7. A. ears B．eyes C．hands D．feet
（　　）8. A. telling B．saying C．speaking D．talking
B
D
Some of them lost themselves in the world of the Internet. Spending too much time on apps like Douyin can 　9　 teenagers. So I explained my opinion to them and hoped the books we took there would help them know more about the world and keep away from their bad habits.
（　　）9. A. harm B．help C．force D．serve
A
Following my visit， I now understand that getting out of poverty requires both the change of thoughts and the 　10　 of education. At the same time， I'll stay in touch with my new friends and keep sending books to them.
（　　）10. A. subject B．support C．situation D．suggestion
B
二、短文填空。（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分）
Once upon a time， a man loved a beautiful woman very much. They got 　11　 and lived happily.
One day the woman developed a skin disease. Slowly she started to
　12　 her beauty. One day her husband left for a tour. While returning he had an accident and lost his eyesight. However， their life continued as 　13　.
11．　　　　　 12.　　　　　 13.　　　　　.
married　
usual
lose　
But as days passed， she lost her beauty little 　14　 little. Her blind husband did not know this and continued to love her 　15　 she also loved him very much. One day she died. Her 　16　 brought her husband great sadness. He wanted to leave that town. A man from behind called and said， “Now how will you be able to walk alone？ All these years your 　17　 used to help you. ”
14.　　　　　 15.　　　 　　. 16．　　　　　 17.　　　　　..
by
and
death
wife
He replied， “I am not blind. I was acting， because if she knew I could see her skin condition， it would have pained her more 　18　 her disease. I didn't love her for her beauty alone， but I 　19　 in love with her caring and loving nature. So I pretended（假装） to be blind. I only wanted to keep 　20　 happy. ”
Sometimes it is good for us to act blind and ignore（忽视） one another's shortcoming in order to be happy. Love the person for what he or she is from the inside， not from the outside.
18.　　　　　 19.　　　　　 20. 　　 　　 .
than　
her
fell