2023年中考英语复习 2专题三　阅读（B篇　记叙文阅读）课件(共51张PPT)

(共51张PPT)
第二部分
题型专题训练
1
真题解析
2
专题三　阅读
（B篇　记叙文阅读）
备考训练
Jerry is a world- famous mountain climber. He has climbed many high mountains in the world. Starting in 2015， he and his friends spent two years on an adventure（探险）in South America， covering 7，800 miles. He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success， he didn't feel fulfilled．
He asked himself， “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains？ Am I doing something helpful？ How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world？”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants， rocks and water samples（样本）from the places far away to do research. But scientists can't get there themselves as such places are hard to reach—only the bravest adventurers can make it. Jerry thought he himself could do something to help. He then came up with an idea. He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists. By studying the samples， scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma. The samples they brought back have helped scientists learn how plants live in extreme（极端的）conditions.
For Jerry， this kind of adventure is most satisfying. “Such adventures have made us see life in a different way. Now， being the best climber isn't important for me， what matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains. There is still much more we can do. ” Jerry said to a newspaper.
（　　）56. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about？
A．Jerry's friends. B．Jerry's achievements.
C．High mountains. D．A geography magazine.
【解析】 56小题段落大意题。分析第一段内容可知，杰瑞是世界著名的登山运动员。他攀登过世界上许多高山。从2015年开始，他和他的朋友们花了两年时间探险南美洲，覆盖7800英里。他甚至在2018年被一家著名的地理杂志评为年度探险。故本段主要介绍杰瑞的一些成就，故选B。
B
（　　）57. What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A．Satisfied. B．Lonely. C．Patient. D．Worried.
【解析】 57小题词义推断题。根据“Although Jerry had achieved great success， he didn't feel fulfilled. ”以及“Is it enough to climb the highest mountains？ Am I doing something helpful？ How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world”可知，虽然杰瑞已经获得了巨大的成功，但是他没有感到满足，此处fulfilled的意思是“满足，满意”，故选A。
A
（　　）58. Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures？
A．To make friends. B．To help scientists.
C．To study plants. D．To train scientists.
【解析】 58小题细节理解题。根据“He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists”可知，他组建了一支顶级探险团队，为科学家们收集样本。故选B。
B
（　　）59. Jerry's and his friends' adventures had changed 　　　　.
A．their hobbies B．their friendship
C．their understanding of life D．their living conditions
【解析】 59小题细节理解题。根据“Such adventures had made us see life in a different way”可知，这样的探险让我们以不同的方式看待生活。故选C。
C
（　　）60. Which can be the best title for the passage？
A．Dangerous Mountains Climbing.
B．Important Scientific Discoveries.
C．Plants Found on High Mountains. D．Adventures Turned into Something Greater.
【解析】60小题归纳总结题。本文主要介绍杰瑞是世界著名的登山运动员，他想把自己的探险变成对世界有帮助的事情，他和团队帮助科学家们了解了植物如何在极端条件下生存，在探险的同时做了更伟大的事，选项D“探险变成了更伟大的事情”符合主题，故选D。
D
B篇文章为记叙文，文章旨在介绍世界著名的登山运动员杰瑞，他想把自己的探险的行为变成对世界有帮助的事情，他和团队帮助科学家们了解了植物如何在极端条件下生存，在探险的同时做了更伟大的事。同学们在做B篇阅读时要在理解好文章大意的基础上，从文中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细对比，有时可采用排除法快速得出答案。
It is often said that dogs are “man's best friends”．But for some children in China， this idea has taken on an even deeper meaning.
Wu Qi， a dog trainer in Shanghai， started the Paw for Heal（PFH） program in China about eight years ago. The program trains dogs for animal- assisted therapy．These animals help elderly people feel calm and less stressed. They also help people with mental illnesses（精神疾病）.
In Shanghai， the dogs have been trained to help kids with autism（孤独症）. Autistic children are easily confused（困惑的） or scared by their environments. But when the PFH dogs are around， they feel much more calm.
Pet owners can train their pets to become therapy dogs through PFH. Although this training is difficult（only 20 percent of dogs end up passing the program）， it also helps a lot of people.
“She （my dog） makes me happy every day， and I think she can bring happiness to other people in need as well，” pet owner Wang Rui said in a report by Sixth Tone.
Animal -assisted therapy is new to China. But Wu has high hopes for the future， as he is now working together with a Scottish（苏格兰的） university to improve his program.
“Through learning from the European team， China may shorten the time to catch up with Western countries in this field（领域） by several decades. ” Wu said in the Sixth Tone report.
（　　）1. What does the Paw for Heal program do？
A．It trains dog trainers. B．It trains therapy dogs.
C．It takes care of elderly people. D．It cures mental illnesses.
（　　）2. The underlined word “therapy” means 　　　　.
A．treatment B．amusement
C．preparation D．movement
B
A
（　　）3. How is the Paw for Heal program doing？
A．Autistic kids don't like the PFH dogs.
B．Pet owners don't want their pets to be trained.
C．Only one -fifth of dogs can pass the program.
D．About 20 percent of dogs end up dying.
C
（　　）4. What do we know about Wu Qi？
A．He is the first Chinese person to write for Sixth Tone.
B．He is working for a Scottish university.
C．He does not agree that animals should be used for therapy.
D．He thinks China needs to improve its animal -assisted therapy.
D
（　　）5. Which of the following statement is TRUE？
A．Dogs have been trained to help kids with autism all over the world.
B．Pet owners can train their pets to become therapy dog as they like.
C．China has caught up with Western countries in the animal -assisted therapy.
D．Dogs can help people with mental illness.
D
训练一　（2022·重庆模拟）
Two teams of scientists—one in Denmark and one in the UK—have come up with a new way of identifying animals in an area—by testing DNA in the air.
Every living thing has DNA that can be used to identify it. They leave bits of DNA behind them wherever they go. DNA left behind like this is called “environmental” DNA， or eDNA. Scientists can use it to tell what kinds of animals are in a certain place.
Testing for eDNA isn't a new idea， but most of the time， scientists look for eDNA in water. Neither team knew that the other group was working on a similar experiment. One collected samples at a zoo in Denmark， and the other at a zoo in the UK. The scientists used slightly different methods to collect their samples. But both teams used vacuums（真空吸尘器） and fans to collect tiny bits of DNA.
In the laboratory， by comparing their samples with examples of DNA from different animals， the scientists were able to identify many different animals.
The scientists chose to test in zoos because they had rare animals which are not easily found in the area. Each team only discovered about the other experiment after they had written a paper about their own results. The two decided to combine their results and publish a paper together.
The researchers believe the method could help scientists a lot. Scientists have been looking for better ways to track endangered animals without interfering（干扰） with them. If researchers know where the animals live， they can do a better job of protecting them.
（　　）1. What can we learn about “eDNA” from the passage？
A．It only floats in the air. B．It's created by some researchers.
C．It can't be found in water. D．It's left in the environment.
（　　）2. Which of the following is TRUE about the two teams of scientists？
A．They used quite different methods.
B．They knew what each other was doing at first.
C．They competed against each other.
D．They wanted to publish a paper together.
D
D
（　　）3. The underlined word “rare” in this passage means 　　　　.
A．unusual B．popular C．famous D．cute
（　　）4. What's the purpose of the last Paragraph？
A．To advise scientists to use new ways to do the experiment.
B．To tell us the work of both teams is meaningful.
C．To mention that the method of both teams isn't perfect.
D．To call on people to protect endangered animals.
A
B
（　　）5. What is the best title for the passage？
A．Two teams of scientists find rare animals.
B．Differences between DNA and eDNA.
C．Scientists identify animals by DNA in the air.
D．How to track endangered animals.
C
训练二　（2022·河南模拟）
Many companies have created apps to help blind people. Microsoft created an app that can describe a photo. Huawei made an app that uses sounds to tell users if the people they are talking to look happy， sad or angry. Now， Google is testing an app that will allow blind people to run alone.
At a Google event in 2019， a blind runner， Thomas Panek， asked a group of experts whether they could create something to help blind people run on their own without a guide dog or a human assistant.
Panek， CEO of Guiding Eyes for the Blind， had always loved running. But he started losing his eyesight（视力） when he was 8， and by his early 20s he was totally blind. Later in life， he started running with other people or a guide dog to help him. But he didn't like being dependent on others.
The Google team soon created an app called Project Guideline. The app can recognize a line painted on the ground with a smartphone camera.
Through headphones（耳机）， the app makes sounds when a person moves away from the line. The sounds get louder in either the left ear or the right ear when the person moves further away from the line.
After the app coming out， Panek tried it while running outside in a park last August. “For the first time in my life， I didn't feel like a blind man. I felt free. ” Panek said. In November， 2020， Panek successfully ran 5 kilometers around New York City's Central Park by using the app.
Panek hopes the app Project Guideline can help more people like him. And Google will also continue to work hard to develop the app.
（　　）1. From the passage， we can know Huawei created an app that 　　　　.
A．leads blind people the way
B．tells blind people what photos are like
C．helps blind people know others' feelings
D．helps blind people's eyesight return to normal
C
（　　）2. Panek was completely unable to see 　　　　.
A．in 2019 B．in 2020
C．at the age of eight D．in his twenties
（　　）3. The underlined word “recognize” in this passage means 　　　　. A．share B．know C．change D．hide
D
B
（　　）4. The app Project Guideline helps blind runners not to run away from the line by 　　　　.
A．moving the line
B．depending on a guide dog
C．asking other people for help
D．making sounds louder in headphones
D
（　　）5. This passage is mainly about 　　　　.
A．an app for blind runners
B．Panek's story about running
C．the future of Project Guideline
D．the introduction of some apps made by big companies
A
训练三
Wu Dajing and his teammates won China's first gold in the 2，000 Meter Mixed Relay final of short track speed skating at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games on February 5. China won the first -ever Olympic short track speed skating mixed relay gold！
Wu Dajing was born in Heilongjiang Province on July 24， 1994. He started skating at the age of 10 and entered the national team in 2010. Wu loves to play basketball in his free time.
In 2014， Wu won a silver medal in the men's 500 meter race at the Winter Olympic Games in Sochi，and also a bronze medal in the men's 5，000 meter relay. In the same year， he won a gold medal in the men's 500 meter race at the ISU World Championships（锦标赛） in Canada. Wu was chosen as China's flag bearer（旗手） at the 2017 Asian Winter Games.
The US swimmer Michael Phelps is Wu's hero. Wu was influenced by his coach Li Yan.
Wu said， “I believe that as long as I practice hard and improve myself， I will succeed. ” In 2014 he was given China Youth May 4th Medal， which is the highest honor for young people in China.
Wu stunned the skating world by breaking the world record twice in the men's 500m short track race and winning the only gold medal for China at the Winter Olympics in 2018， which was very meaningful for China！ Wu became the first Chinese man to win an Olympic gold medal on ice！
（　　）1. Wu Dajing took up skating 　　　　.
A．in 1994 B．in 2004 C．in 2010 D．in 2014
（　　）2. We can know that Wu makes great success in skating by 　　　　.
A．playing basketball as a hobby in his free time
B．learning from the US swimmer Michael Phelps
C．managing to enter America's national team
D．practicing hard and improving himself
B
D
（　　）3. The underlined word “stunned” in the passage means 　　　　.
A．gave surprise to B．showed courage in
C．took pride in D．suffered from
A
（　　）4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage？
A．Wu won a silver medal and a bronze medal in Canada.
B．Wu was China's flag bearer at the 2017 Asian Winter Games.
C．In 2014， he was given China Youth May 4th Medal.
D．Wu won the gold medal at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
A
（　　）5. What does the passage mainly talk about？
A．The men's 500m short track event.
B．The great achievements of Wu Dajing.
C．The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
D．The history of the Winter Olympic Games.
B
训练四　（2022·上海模拟）
Everyone knows that good sleep is important for our health. Not everyone knows how important it is to sleep in the dark. A new report says sleeping with a light on could be bad for our health and turning off the lights when we sleep could help to keep away from diabetes（糖尿病） and heart disease.
According to the report， around 40 percent of people sleep with some sort of artificial light（which is different from sun light） such as
light from a television or an alarm clock. The worst thing to sleep with is a main light. Sleeping in the dark is more difficult for people who live in cities， where there is a lot of outdoor light at night.
Dr. Zee with her team studied 20 participants（参与者）. They recorded their brainwaves， breathing， heart rates and also drew blood from them to measure melatonin（褪黑激素） levels while they were sleeping.
They found that the participants who slept with a light on had higher blood sugar（血糖） levels the next morning. Dr. Zee said this is because light makes their brain more active， which raises blood sugar levels. Besides， having the light on when the participants were sleeping made their heart rates increase， which in turn made it harder for their body to rest properly.
Dr. Zee said， “There are three things we can do to reduce the risk of illness： turn off the lights， never sleep with white or blue light， and use a curtain or wear an eye mask. ”
（　　）1. What does the underlined word “artificial” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A．Man made. B．Natural. C．Bright. D．Strange.
A
（　　）2. According to the report， why are people in cities more difficult to sleep in the dark？
A．They have more pressure.
B．They usually work till midnight.
C．They enjoy a colorful night life.
D．They can't escape from outdoor light.
D
（　　）3. The researchers did the following things EXCEPT 　　　　.
A．drawing blood from the participants
B．recording the participants' breathing
C．waking the participants up in the midnight
D．measuring the participants' melatonin levels
C
（　　）4. What may be a result of sleeping with a light on？
A．Making the brain less active. B．Raising blood sugar levels.
C．Lowering the heart rate. D．Helping the body rest well
（　　）5. Where is the passage probably taken from？
A．A storybook. B．A news report.
C．A health magazine. D．A travel guide
B
C
训练五　（2022·深圳线上适应性考试）
Batman may not have any superpowers， but bats certainly do. More than 1，400 kinds of bats live around the world， except in Antarctica（南极洲） and a few faraway islands. What makes these flying mammals（哺乳动物） so successful？ Their superpowers.
Superpower1： Echolocation（回声定位）. Although bats aren't blind， many of them do not depend on eyesight. Instead， they use echolocation to guide and find food in darkness. From echoes， bats can know the distance， size， and shape of objects， such as a tasty fly.
However， recent research also suggests that bats may depend less on echolocation than people believed. When not echolocating， bats may turn to eyesight and space memory to find their way.
Superpower 2： Speedy flight. Bats are the only mammals that use their muscles（肌肉） to fly， which is called self- powered flight. This makes their flying skills special in the animal world. Bat wings are like human hands. The wings have special muscles that make bats quick flyers. Unlike bird or insect wings， bat wings can fold（折叠） in different ways during flight， similar to the way that a human hand can close into different shapes.
Superpower 3： Long life. As a general rule in biology， smaller animals have shorter life than larger ones. But bats are rule breakers. They're the longest -lived mammals that have small body sizes. Recently， scientists delved into bats' cells（细胞） for the secrets to their long lives. Understanding why bats live so long and how they remain healthy into old age， may help human beings live a longer life one day.
（　　）1. What do we know about bats from Paragraph 1？
A．They can live all parts of the world. B．They have as many superpowers as Batman.
C．They are the most powerful animals.
D．They are successful flying mammals.
D
（　　）2. What can bats do with the help of echolocation？
A．See things clearly. B．Live in distant places.
C．Find ways and food. D．Improve their memory.
（　　）3. What's the main idea of Paragraph 3？ A．Bats fly more quickly than birds. B．Bats can't fold their wings to fly high. C．Bats fly quickly with their special muscles. D．Bats are the only mammals that have muscles.
C
C
（　　）4. What does the underlined phrase delved into in Paragraph 4 probably mean？
A．Studied. B．Explained
C．Watched. D．Created.
（　　）5. Where can we probably read the article？
A．In a storybook. B．In a business letter.
C．In a travel guide. D．In an animal magazine.
A
D