2023年中考英语复习 第三部分 中考题型解题指导第二节 完形填空课件(共29张PPT)

(共29张PPT)
第三部分 中考题型解题指导
第二节 完形填空
01
题型突破
02
解题技巧
03
高分特训
一、题型分析
近几年广东省中考采用的完形填空题是从四个所给答案中选择一个最佳答案的形式。其题量为一篇250个左右单词的短文和提供10个单项选择的小题。其选材多数是哲理故事性的短文,也有科普文章、人物传记、社会文化等一类的文章。完形填空主要考查词义辨析和根据上下文得出答案。
2022年完形填空难度与往年持平,整体难度中等。文章文体与往年一致,为叙事类文章。考点全部为实词,没有考查连词、介词等虚词。其中,名词(2个)、动词短语(1个)、动词(3个)、形容词(3个)、副词(1个)。
二、命题规律
2020年~2022年广东中考英语“完形填空”分析
年份 文体 话题 主题 考点 体现的课标要求和
学科核心素养
2022 记叙文 莫莉一家 回报邻居 人与社会(疫情 时期邻里相助) 名词(2),动词(3),动词短语(1),形容词(3),副词(1) 思维品质(助人为乐)
情感态度(关爱他人)
2021 记叙文 九岁小男孩 的太空梦 梦想与行动 名词(3),动词(3),动词短语(1),形容词(2),副词(1) 思维品质(人文情怀)
情感态度(动机兴趣)
2020 科幻文 整容 自我认识 名词(3),动词(1),动词短语(1),形容词(2),副词(2),形容词短语(1) 思维品质(批判性思维)
情感态度(自信意志)
三、备考建议
完形填空的考查主要以动词(1~2个)、动词短语(1~2个)、名词(2~3个)、形容词(1~2个)和副词(1~2个)的辨析为主。备考中建议多反思做题方法:通读全文,瞻前顾后,联系上下文以及关注事件的起因、经过和结果。同时,考生在平时的练习中要注意积累常见的词汇和固定搭配,重视篇章内在的逻辑关系和文章脉络。
技巧 解读
技巧1:语境推断 根据上下文的语境提示或暗示,身临其境地理解事件发生的语境,体验语境和作者的情感态度,推断出符合场景的最佳选项
技巧2:词汇复现 文章中的某一词以原词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中,语篇中的句子通过词汇的复现达到了互相衔接
(续表)
技巧 解读
技巧3:逻辑推理 通过对故事的线索、文章前后各段之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系以及人物情感的发展来分析和理解文章,以此推断出正确答案
技巧4:生活常识 和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识以及科普常识等结合起来,进行简单推理,从而得出正确答案
真题范例(2022·广东)
Almost every Saturday morning, Molly pulls a table into her front yard. On the table she lays out some 　41　 in season, such as carrots and tomatoes. They are all from her garden and free for her neighbors to 　42　. “It’s just lovely, like you walk by and get a beautiful gift around the corner,” said a neighbor.
Molly started doing this in the summer of 2020. Earlier that year, a fire broke out in her house. Molly’s 　43　 had a hard time. “People in the community came to 　44　. They brought us food and often called to make sure we were doing fine. I was deeply 　45　,” Molly said.
Then the pandemic(疫情) came. Molly and her family had much time to 　46　 in their garden. They decided to 　47　 what they grew in their garden.
No one knew about it at first. But 　48　, people got into the habit of coming around.They would stop by and leave with some vegetables. Molly’s yard became a 　49　 place.
One thing Molly has learned from this experience is that people have to work together when days are 　50　. She is glad that love has spread in this community.
( )41.A.fruits　 B.flowers　　 C.leaves　　D.vegetables (名词辨析)
( )42.A.look at　　 B.take away　 C.give up　 D.throw away (动词短语辨析)
( )43.A.family　　 B.class　　　 C.office　　 D.team (名词辨析)
( )44.A.cry　　　 B.see　　　　 C.help　　 D.rest (动词辨析)
( )45.A.moved　　 B.interested　 C.tired　　 D.bored (形容词辨析)
( )46.A.play　　　 B.work　　　 C.sleep　　 D.dance (动词辨析)
( )47.A.eat　　　　 B.sell　　　 C.share　　 D.cook (动词辨析)
( )48.A.sadly　　　 B.slowly　 　 C.badly　　 D.carefully (副词辨析)
( )49.A.clean　　　 B.small　　 C.terrible　 D.popular (形容词辨析)
( )50.A.difficult　　 B.sunny　　 C.short　　 D.cool (形容词辨析)
D
B
A
C
A
B
C
B
D
A
【答案详解】
41.D　从“carrots”“tomatoes”可推断此空与“蔬菜”相关,故选D。本题可用“语境推断法”得出答案。
42.B　look at看;take away带走;give up放弃;throw away扔。句意:它们都来自她的花园,免费让她的邻居带走。根据后面get a beautiful gift可推断她让邻居带走种子。故选B。本题可用“语境推断法”得出答案。
43.A　根据“a fire broke out in her house”可推断莫莉一家过得很艰难,故选A。本题可用“语境推断法”得出答案。
44.C　根据“They brought us food…fine.”可推断邻居帮助莫莉一家,故选C。本题可用“语境推断法”得出答案。
45.A　联系上文可知社区的人帮助莫莉一家,莫莉被感动了,故选A。本题可用“语境推断法”得出答案。
46.B　联系上文可知疫情来了,结合生活常识可知,疫情期间一般居家不外出,可推断莫莉和她的家人有很多时间在他们的花园里工作,故选B。本题可用“语境推断法+生活常识法”得出答案。
47.C　联系上文可知他们免费送时令蔬菜给邻居,可推断他们分享在花园种植的东西,故选C。本题可用“语境推断法”得出答案。
48.B　上文“起初没有人知道它”与下文“人们养成了四处走动的习惯”,可推断这是一个逐渐变化的过程,故选B。本题可用“逻辑推理法”得出答案。
49.D　联系上文“They would stop by and leave with some vegetables.”可推断莫莉的院子成了一个受欢迎的地方,故选D。本题可用“语境推断法”得出答案。
50.A　句意:莫莉从这次经历中学到的一件事是,当日子很困难时,人们必须一起努力面对。联系上文可知这是疫情期间,根据生活常识可推断大家生活是困难的,故选A。本题可用“语境推断法+生活常识法”得出答案。
【高分点拨】在“完形填空”的题型中,“语境推断法”使用率较高,因此同学们要突破这道题,必须注重上下文语境的推理。
(一)
Larry seemed always silent and didn’t have any friends.His teacher Mr.Brown 　1　 this and had a talk with him.Mr.Brown said, “I see that you don’t talk to anyone or show any 　2　 in anything.You never join in any class activities.What’s wrong ” Larry replied, “Sir, I have a very 　3　 life.I meet some terrible things and I keep 　4　 them.Because of this, I can’t pay attention to anything.”
Mr.Brown thought for a while and said, “Would you like some lemonade(柠檬汽水) ” Larry felt a little 　5　 and said, “Yes, thank you!” Mr.Brown went to the kitchen and 　6　 a bottle of lemonade.However, he added much salt and little sugar in it on purpose.Larry felt it tasted terrible and wanted to throw it away.Seeing this, Mr.Brown 　7　 him and asked, “You don’t like it ”
“Oh, it doesn’t matter.If we put a little more sugar in it, it will be fine to drink,” Larry said immediately.
Hearing this, Mr.Brown said 　8　, “This is what I want to hear from you.To improve the 　9　 of lemonade, we don’t need to remove the salt from it, but we can just add more sugar to it.Similarly, we cannot remove sad things that have happened to us, but we can add sweetness to our life.If you keep on crying about your 　10　, neither your present nor your future will be bright.”
Larry realized his problem and promised to live an active life.
( )1.A.enjoyed B.noticed C.believed D.forgot
( )2.A.fear B.anger C.interest D.gift
( )3.A.simple B.hard C.quiet D.common
( )4.A.looking for B.learning from C.laughing at D.thinking about
( )5.A.surprised B.tired C.bored D.worried
( )6.A.bought B.cooked C.prepared D.drank
( )7.A.warned B.shouted C.cheated D.stopped
( )8.A.nervously B.sadly C.happily D.honestly
( )9.A.taste B.color C.shape D.smell
( )10.A.style B.habit C.decision D.past
D
A
C
D
C
A
D
B
C
B
(二)
During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a government official named Yang Zhen.One day,Yang 　1　 his old co-worker(同事) Wang Mi during a trip.They saw each other in the street.In the past,Yang saw Wang’s talent and 　2　 to help him become a government official.Wang never forgot Yang’s help.He invited Yang to stay over for the night.It was near midnight.
Wang knocked on the door of Yang’s 　3　.Yang was going to sleep.However, he 　4　 opened the door and wanted to know what happened.Wang gave Yang a bag and said,“This is to thank you for helping me.” Yang looked in the bag.It was full of 　5　.
“Do I look like a person who takes money from others I thought you knew me well!” Yang said 　6　.He felt very disappointed in Wang.
“It’s late at night.No one will know if we keep it a 　7　,”said Wang.
“What do you mean no one would 　8　 Heaven knows, Earth knows, you know and I know,” Yang said.Wang left in shame.
This story is 3,000 years old.But the lesson is still 　9　 today as it can remind us to be a good man.Will you steal something when there’s no one watching Will you 　10　 the language you use on the Internet if you’re worried about hurting others with your words There are so many moments when we should ask,“Am I still a good person when I’m alone ”
( )1.A.met B.knew　 C.fought　 D.heard
( )2.A.stopped 　 B.decided　 C.remembered　 D.refused
( )3.A.kitchen 　 B.garden　 C.hall　 D.bedroom
( )4.A.never 　 B.almost　 C.still　 D.usually
( )5.A.meat 　 B.bread　 C.gold　 D.cotton
( )6.A.happily 　 B.quietly　 C.angrily 　 D.proudly
( )7.A.secret 　 B.story　 C.lie 　 D.message
( )8.A.notice 　 B.succeed　 C.expect　 D.follow
( )9.A.difficult　 B.different　C.important　 D.fantastic
( )10.A.be bored with　 B.be satisfied with　
C.be afraid of　 D.be careful with
D
C
A
A
C
C
C
D
B
A
(温馨提示:更多“完形填空”专项训练请练习“第二部分　主题整合训练”的第二题。)