2023年中考英语复习 第三节 阅读理解第三部分 中考题型解题指导课件(共150张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2023年中考英语复习 第三节 阅读理解第三部分 中考题型解题指导课件(共150张PPT) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-06-11 19:56:48 | ||
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(共150张PPT)
第三节 阅读理解
第三部分 中考题型解题指导
01
题型突破
02
解题技巧
03
高分特训
一、题型分析
从近几年的广东中考考题来看,阅读理解题包括A、B、C三篇短文,每篇短文生词率不超过3%。
A篇是应用文,一般以表格、图表或配有图片的短文等形式出现。本篇短文的5个考题基本上属于文中细节题,都可以直接从文中找出答案。同学们在解答A篇阅读时,要认真、细心,找准句子和信息点。值得注意的是2022广东中考真题变化点:1.题干换成特殊疑问句形式;2.出现新题型:52题图文理解题。
B篇是考查学生能力的短文,一般为说明性的短文(科普文)。2022年是一篇叙事类文章,其中有2~3小题有些难度,可能会涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)、词义猜测、代词指代等有关问题;2022年词义猜测题沿续2021年考法猜英文释义;在做题时需要仔细推敲,结合上下文,经过推理、筛选最终才能得出结论,选出正确的答案。值得注意的是2022广东中考真题变化点:1.题干基本上换成特殊疑问句形式;2.出现新考法:56题段落大意题。
C篇为配对阅读题,命题者给考生提供若干段简短的信息,让学生把相应的信息进行配对,属于细节考查题,难度不大,要尽量不失分。2022年中考配对阅读考查的是短信与回复,体现了英语作为一门工具语言的交流作用,贴近学生生活。阅读词汇量和难度较2021年均有所下降。
2020年~2022年广东中考英语“阅读理解”分析
二、命题规律
年份 篇序 话题 主题 考点 体现的课标要求和
学科核心素养
2022 A 科普知 识与现 代技术 一则关于小型家庭秀上的智能机器人展示的广告 文体:应用文 词数:187词 非课标单词:devices n.装置 51 细节理解题 思维品质——科学思维
52 图文理解题(新题型)
53 细节理解题
54 细节理解题
55 细节理解题
2022 B 家庭、 朋友与 周围的人 世界著名的登山运动员杰瑞的故事 文体:记叙文 词数:258词 非课标单词: 1.adventure n.探险 2.sample n.样本 3.extreme adj.极端的 56 段落大意题(新题型) 思维品质——健全人格
57 词义猜测题
58 细节理解题
59 推理判断题
60 最佳标题题
(续表)
年份 篇序 话题 主题 考点 体现的课标要求和
学科核心素养
2022 C 日常生活 短信与回复 词数:257词 非课标单词:无 61~65 细节匹配题 语言能力——人际交流
2021 A 日常活动 疫情期间摘草莓注意事项 文体:应用文 词数:210词 非课标单词: 1.circumstance n.情况 2.reservation n.预约 51 细节理解题 思维品质——健全人格
52 细节理解题
53 细节理解题
54 细节理解题
55 推理判断题
2021 B 历史与社会 学生Laura发起Feed & Find项目,既能帮助解决粮食浪费问题,又能帮助有需要的人 文体:新闻报道 词数:277词 非课标单词: 1.supply v.供应 2.shelter n.庇护所 56 推理判断题 思维品质——创新思维
57 细节理解题
58 细节理解题
59 词义猜测题 (英文猜英文)
60 主旨大意题
C 语言学习 英语习语与语境 词数:341词 非课标单词:无 61~65 细节匹配题 语言能力——文化理解
2020 A 人际交往 团建活动 文体:应用文 词数:234词 51 细节理解题 思维品质——健全人格
52 细节理解题
53 细节理解题
54 细节理解题
55 推理判断题
B 自然 人与动物——马里的古尔马沙漠象 文体:说明文 词数:223词 56 细节理解题 思维品质——科学思维
57 词义猜测题
58 细节理解题
59 细节理解题
60 主旨大意题
C 计划与安排 国外家庭成员与中国传统文化 词数:300词 61~65 细节理解题 语言能力——跨文化交际
类型一、阅读理解A、B篇
广东中考阅读理解A、B篇主要考查的题型有逻辑排序题、细节理解题、代词指代题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题、推理判断题。值得注意的是2022年广东中考阅读理解题增加了图文理解题、段落大意题。下面我们就重点讲讲这几种题型的解题技巧。
题型一:图文理解题
图文理解题是2022年广东中考阅读理解题中的新题型,出现在A篇的第52题。图文理解题要求考生在理解文章内容的前提下,选出正确的图片答案。此题型对文章细节要求较高,注意把握关键信息,比较图片不同,利用排除法,得出正确答案。
对点训练 In October 2020, more than 1,400 students from 26 classes took part in the competition.The girls wore silver jewelry(珠宝)and the traditional costumes of the Miao-ethnic(苗族) group.They performed a special dance which combined gymnastics with the Miao “Gloden Pheasant Dance(锦鸡舞)”.Following the special music,everyone waved their arms, turned and circled around.
D.
C.
B.
A.
( )What is the special dance
A
题型二:主旨大意题(含段落大意题)
主旨大意题主要测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力,一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或题目设题。这类题目考查的范围是:基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法,对文章进行高度概括或总结,属于高层次题。
主旨大意题的测试内容主要侧重“概括文章大意”和“确定文章的最佳标题”。常见设问形式的题干主要有:
A.标题类
(1)The best title/headline for this passage might be
_________.
(2)What is the best title for the passage
(3)Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage
B.大意类
(1)This passage chiefly deals with________.
(2)What’s the topic of the article
(3)What is the subject discussed in the text
做主旨大意题时常用的方法是“略读法”。快速阅读文章找出各个段落的主题句。把各个段落的主题句联系起来,着眼于全文结构安排,了解文章的重心,就能概括出文章的中心。文章的标题是中心思想最精炼的表达形式,选择的标题意义范围要能涵盖全文,不能太大也不能太小。考生要特别留意命题者在出这类题时,常常利用生活常识编造干扰项,把文中的细节当主旨,利用局部信息编造干扰项,编制超出文章范围的标题或不能涵盖文章中心意义的标题来考查考生的理解程度。
1.标题类阅读理解题的解题技巧
标题是段落中心思想最精炼的表达形式。在阅读中不仅要求考生能够通过自己已知的信息概括出段落的中心思想,而且还要对概括出的中心思想加以提炼,拟定出段落的标题,在测试中能够迅速而准确地选择标题。
文章标题可以是单词、短语,也可以是句子。标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容,抓住文章讨论的中心,把握作者的观点和意图。它的特点是:短小精悍,多为一个短语;涵盖性强,一般要求能覆盖全文,其确定的范围要恰当,既不能太大,也不能太小;精确性强,不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。
【例题】You can ask Amazon’s virtual (虚拟的) helper, Alexa, for a lot of things.She can play music, read news and tell you the weather.You can even ask her to tell the meaning of artificial intelligence(人工智能).
“Artificial intelligence,”Alexa says, “is the ability of a computer program or a machine to think or learn.” What Alexa fails to mention is that she herself is a form of artificial intelligence.
Artificial intelligence, or AI, is all around us…
( )Which can be the best title for this passage
A.What is AI B.AI products
C.Machines and devices D.Machine learning
Much of today’s AI is based on…
AI has the power to do…
AI is changing many parts of our lives…
解析:整篇文章围绕着“artificial intelligence(AI)”这个主题展开阐述,每段段首都是该段的中心句,分别介绍了artificial intelligence(AI)的定义、性能与作用。从这个主题和中心句内容可推断“What is AI”这个标题最为准确,故选A。
2.大意类阅读理解题的解题技巧
主旨大意类阅读理解题的一般范围是:基本论点、文章大意、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法,对文章进行高度的概括或总结,属于高层次题。
解答该题型最关键的是找出主题句,把握文章主旨。主题句多在文章的开头或结尾,有的出现在中间。概括大意一般是先看首尾或各段开头,再看全文找主题句,若无明显主题句,就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句,记叙文中寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时,务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时,要注意一些转折词,如but, yet, however, although, in spite of等。当文章中表示相反的观点时,往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点,排除迷惑性信息,准确归纳主旨大意。
对点训练1To make the young know more about the national culture, early in 2006, Yangwu Middle School started to teach their students a special kind of gymnastics(体操), and there is a gymnastic competition every year in Guizhou Province.
…
Wang is not alone.According to Long Quan, a PE teacher in Yangwu Middle School, Pheasant Dance gymnastics has become very popular among students.“It not only makes the students physically strong but also expands (拓展)the campus culture.Since the students know the dance at their young age and the movements are simple to learn, it’s not hard to promote (推广) this kind of gymnastics,” Long said.
( )What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.Less and less students in China will learn such a dance.
B.Students become stronger in spirit just because of the dance.
C.Many other students like the dance besides Wang.
D.The dance will become the most popular activity in China.
C
★段落大意题是2022广东中考阅读理解题中出现的新考法,出现在B篇第56题。段落大意题主要考查学生对段落大意的总结归纳能力。解题方法主要有:摘句归纳法(首尾句)、合并归纳法、取主舍次法等。
对点训练2(2022浙江省丽水市阅读理解B篇节选)
A teen runner Ralph says, “Junior Parkrun at the park in my neighborhood is a weekly highlight. I love all sports, but I find doing Parkrun every week builds up my fitness and energy. Run, jog or walk—Parkrun is a free, fun and friendly activity. It’s great meeting up with my friends and running the 2 km every week together.”
( )In Paragraph 5, Ralph mainly talks about .
A.why he likes Parkruns
B.where he does Parkruns
C.who he runs Parkruns with
D.when he takes part in Parkruns
A
题型三:逻辑排序题
逻辑排序题在2017年广东中考中出现过,出现在A篇的最后一题。逻辑排序题不仅要求考生在有限的时间内充分理解文章的内容,而且重点考查逻辑思维能力,着实让不少考生头疼。逻辑排序题常采用“观察+对比+定位+排除”的方法:首先观察选项的特点,一般情况下,四个选项中都是有两个相同的顺序组合作为事件发生的顺序开头,到文中去定位,排除错误的选项;接着进行第二轮对比排除,最后得到正确答案。下面介绍常用的解题方法:
1.先易后难。选择自己最熟悉、最明显的答案先判断,根据“先易后难”的原则逐个排除。
2.找关键词。如表顺序的at first, first, second, third等。
3.上下句联系。这种题所采用的语句一般都是在上句与下句或上半句与下半句之间有一定的对应关系,我们只要抓住它们的联系就可以解答了。
对点训练(2017年广东省卷阅读理解A篇节选)
To enter the competition,please visit the Centre Shop to pay ￡5 for each poem.Once the payment is made,please email the poem(s) to poetrycomp@center.uk.Remember to mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of the document(文档) to show which group to enter before emailing your poem(s).
Questions about the competition can be emailed to poetrycomp@center.uk.
( )Which is the correct order for poets to enter the competition
① Pay ￡5 for each poem.
② Visit the Centre Shop.
③ Email their poem(s) to poetrycomp@center.uk.
④ Mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of their document.
A.①②③④ B.②①③④ C.②①④③ D.③④②①
C
题型四:细节理解题
在阅读理解题目中,有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。广东中考阅读理解中细节题的比重占一半以上。细节题主要考查考生对文章中阐述主题的细节与具体事实的把握能力。内容涉及询问事实、原因、结果、目的等。这些题目有两个共同特点:
(1)凡属针对特定细节的考题,其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语,也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子,但句式、用词和表达方式不同。
(2)干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂,正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂,甚至真假混杂。
因此,解答这类试题时,考生应快速阅读材料,抓住大意后,迅速浏览考题,确定关键词。然后,根据这些关键词,运用查读法,迅速查找关键信息,进而分析这些信息的结构和意义,理清逻辑关系,最后确定正确答案。
对点训练(2021年广东省卷阅读理解B篇节选)
Pretty cool, right It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura, hoping that she could help develop similar projects for their communities.
( )People in other cities would like Laura to .
A.find a truck driver
B.visit their communities
C.give away food to them
D.help develop projects like hers
D
题型五:代词指代题
代词指代题常见的类型有:
1.The word “…” in the passage probably means .
2.The underlined word “…” in the passage refers to .
3.In this passage, the underlined word “…” refers to .
做这类题时,常见的解题技巧有:
1.确定指代对象。首先要分析前后文,明确代词所指代的对象是人还是物,避免误判,要有目的地做题。
2.确定指代对象的数量。代词所指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词,一定要在理解句子意思的基础上进行判断。只有判断准确,才能理解文章的意思,准确理解题目的要求。
3.确定指代范围。在认真阅读的基础上明确代词的指代范围。只有明确了代词所表示的具体范围,才能搞清楚文章的逻辑关系和前后文的联系,正确理解文章的中心思想。
对点训练(2019年广东省卷阅读理解B篇节选)
But what exactly is a robot There are some important characteristics(特征) that a robot must have.These characteristics might help you to decide what is and what is not a robot.It will also help you to decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot.A robot has these important characteristics.
( )The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 is about
.
A.the toy B.the characteristic
C.the machine D.the engine
C
题型六:词义猜测题
猜测词义是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某一生词、难词、关键词的意义。2021中考B篇阅读第59题词义猜测题由猜中文意思改为猜英文释义。学生运用英语释义猜词的过程其实是引导学生用英语思考、用英语理解的过程,对学生的技能要求更高。因此,在备考过程中,既要训练英语思维,也要拓展词汇量。 本题难度较大。猜测词义的方法主要有:
1.根据文章中心或主题猜测词义。
一般来说,要查找的生词都是与揭示文章主题有一定联系的,如果能够把握好文章的中心,往往有助于猜测出文章中的生词的含义。
【例题】Jordan was born with a disability.But she says her difference doesn’t hold her back—it makes her amazing.
When Jordan was having a new dance class at the age of 8, she noticed that some kids were staring at her.The kids were looking at her left arm.It stops above the elbow(肘部).
Each year, about 2,000 babies in the United States are born with limb differences, like Jordan was.That means they are missing all or part of an arm or a leg.With only one hand, Jordan has a tough time doing certain activities like tying her shoes.She sometimes uses a prosthetic(假体)arm to help her ride her bike.
分析:从首段可知Jordan是残疾人;结合下画线单词后一句“That means they are missing all or part of an arm or a leg.”可推断答案选C。
( )What does the underlined word “limb” in Paragraph
3 mean
A.Eyes or ears. B.Noses or mouths.
C.Arms or legs. D.Hair or skin.
2.利用构词法猜测词义
构词法是一种能快速有效地判断生词含意的方法。英语中,常见的构词法主要有合成法、派生法和转换法(详见本书配套的“早读材料”中的“构词法”)。
英语中有大量的单词是通过合成或加前后缀构成的。理解某个派生词的词根含义以及前后缀的作用与含义,那么它的词性和含义就显而易见了。
【例题】A two-year-old girl with a deadly cancer may have been saved by her $3 toothbrush.Katie Lolley was found to have a rare eye tumor(肿瘤) after a flashing light on the brush warned her mother of an uncommon white reflection(反射光) on her eye, reports The Sun.
Doctors said they had caught it just in time to save Katie’s life, and would reportedly perform an emergency operation to remove her eye.
“If it wasn’t for that flashing toothbrush, we may never have seen the tumor—at least, not until it was too late,” said Katie’s mother Rebecca.
( )The underlined word “remove” means “ ” in this passage.
A.take B.fix C.pick D.make
分析:remove的词根是move,前缀为re。 re-“相反;反对;不” + move“移动”→往反方向移动→移开,意为“患眼癌的眼睛需要摘除”,故选A。这篇短文中也有不少派生词和合成词,如: deadly(致命的),toothbrush(牙刷),uncommon(罕见的),reportedly(据报道),operation(手术),故可看出构词法在阅读理解过程中发挥着重要的作用。
对点训练1
Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlandish town Nijmegen offers a new solution for those who are struggling from everyday challenges of student life and anxious uncertainty about the future—a “purification grave(净化坟墓)”.
( )The underlined word “uncertainty”means “ ”.
A.being sure B.being unsure
C.being in order D.being in disorder
B
3.根据上下文的同义或对比关系来理解词义。
同位关系是指文章中与之相关的同义词、同位语、定语(从句)等,如果能够借助它们的解释或定义,则很容易猜测出词义来。根据同义关系猜测词义,关键是要了解显示同义关系的线索。换句话说,破折号、逗号等标点符号,以及or, and, in other words, that’s to say, namely等词或短语就是这种线索。定语从句主要起修饰限制或补充说明先行词内容或性质的作用。因此,我们可以根据定语从句的内容推测出先行词的词义。
对比关系是指上下文中的一些连词经常被用来表示转折关系,如果能够抓住说明事物的这种比较和对照的方法,就会给人“柳暗花明又一村”的感觉。常见的表示转折关系的词有but, however, instead, yet等。上文中的某些词或句子往往会为下文的生词埋下伏笔或做出暗示,也往往会在下文有回应的地方。
【例题】Life is too short and uncertain.What I say is not new at all, but it is important.If you are reading this, I am no longer with you.You are alone now.I’m not there to help you or give you any kind of advice.But I have faith that the steps you take will be sound and wise.
( )The underlined word “sound” means “ ” in the passage.
A.loud B.dangerous
C.reasonable D.respectable
分析: loud大声的;dangerous危险的;reasonable合理的;respectable值得尊敬的。从并列连词and可知,下画线单词与wise意思相近;结合句意“但我相信你所走的每一步都是明智的”,故选C。
Learning to tell the truth, even at the risk of punishment, is an important part of moral(道德)development, and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there.
对点训练2
Parents of very young children know this:You catch your child in the act of stealing the cookie—the evidence(证据)of candy written on his or her face.However, the kid often gives a denial, “I didn’t do it!”
( )The underlined expression “gives a denial” in Paragraph 1 means “ ”.
A.refuses to tell the truth
B.decides to blame the parent
C.prepares to accept the truth
D.begins to shout at the parent
A
4.根据上下文的因果关系或顺承关系猜测词义。
有什么样的原因就会产生什么样的结果,因果关系是文章中一种普遍的语言表达关系。在这种关系中如果知道了原因,结果也就知道了;反之,如果知道了结果,原因也就不难发现。
Lunch was terrible.Mum kept trying to start a conversation,but neither Jim nor I would say much.Something unpleasant happened, but I didn’t mean to do it.When I was handing Jim his blackberry pie,the plate slipped and the dark purple berries stuck to his shirt and tie.
【例题】For a long time, Mum and I lived a peaceful life.Then one day,Jim came over for lunch, wearing a blue suit with a short brown tie and a green shirt.I couldn’t believe he was going to be my stepfather(继父).
I was mortified.My face turned bright red.Jim looked very surprised at first, but then he began to laugh.I started to laugh, too.Then I had a quick look at my mother.She looked happier than I had seen her before.
分析:happy快乐的;bored无聊的;embarrassed 尴尬的;angry生气的。根据上文的unpleasant可先排除“快乐的”。上一段提到“我”不小心把黑莓酱弄到了Jim的衬衣和领带上,画线词后面也提到了“我”的脸变得通红,可推知“我”因为这件事而感到尴尬,而不是“无聊”或“生气”。故选C。
( )The underlined word “mortified” means “ ”.
A.happy B.bored C.embarrassed D.angry
对点训练3
Dong was born in a highly-educated family in 1973.She has a great love for traditional literature(文学) from an early age.In 2015 when she was about to study in the US, Dong received an invitation from the director of Chinese Poetry Conference asking her to be the hostess.Because of her passion for traditional literature, Dong accepted the offer.
“The contest interests me very much.Hosting is a process of learning about poetry and performing,”said Dong.To her great joy, the show has become more and more popular.
( )The underlined word “passion” means “ ” in the passage.
A.love B.happiness C.surprise D.pride
A
5.根据生活经验或常识猜测词义。
已有的生活经验和常识,往往会给阅读后的理解提供有力的支持。借助已有的,推测陌生的,这就上升到了能力的提高,使生词的破解成为可能。
For some people, rationing (定量供应)now becomes normal.Kelson da Cruz keeps one container of water near the shower.He uses another for brushing his teeth and washing his face.He uses non-drinking water to flush the toilet.
【例题】Across the city, people are making an effort to save water.They are taking 90-second showers.They are washing their clothes less often.Using tap water to wash cars or fill swimming pools is not allowed.Those caught using too much water are punished.
( )The underlined word “flush” means in the passage.
A.wash B.fill C.paint D.drive
分析: 从上文“Across the city, people are making an effort to save water.”可知人们在努力节约水资源;结合生活常识可知,居民通常用非饮用水来冲洗厕所这种方式节约水资源,故选A。
总结:有些词的确切含义还须综合应用几种方法才能正确猜出。
题型七:推理判断题
中考英语阅读理解题中,那些要求通过词、句、段,或通过计算去判断其他含义的题目属于推理判断题。推理判断题的考查每年都在中考英语阅读理解题中占有一定的比例。
推理判断的题目中常含有suggest, mean, learn, know, purpose等动词,或含有表示推测的情态动词can, could, might, would以及表示推断的副词probably, most likely等。
推理判断题的干扰选项有以下设置特点:(1)将文章中一些从字面含义上就能了解到的信息作为干扰项;(2)将不符合事实、逻辑的判断推理结果作为干扰项。
解答这类问题,头脑应当清楚:问题是要求把正确的选项选出,还是要求把错误的选项选出。有的考生不看清问题,就去选择选项,想当然地把正确的、符合文章事实的一项圈出,而问题问的却是Which of the following is not true (mentioned),结果误选。
推理判断题的四个选项的设计一般有三种情况:
①四个选项中的信息集中在一两个句子里。这种是非题比较容易做。只要找到相关句,细细读一下就不难选定正确答案。
②四个选项中的信息集中在一段里。这样查读的范围要大一些,但还是比较容易的。验证一个,排除一个,答案就出来了。
③四个选项中的信息分散在全文。这种是非题就比较难做,因为要花较多的时间去找各个相关句,一一去查证。一般说来,应首先把四个选项都看一遍,根据第一遍读的印象和基本常识,尽可能先排除掉一两个,以减少查证的选项。实在排除不了,需要到文章中去一一查证的,次序也应从易到难,即从印象最深的,相关句最易找的,最容易证实的那个选项开始查。
【例题】Welcome to Manor Farm U-pick Activities
We are known for our delicious strawberries.We invite you to visit the farm and enjoy our fresh products and great farming experiences.We’ll try our best to create a safe open-air environment for our customers under the circumstances (情况) of COVID-19.Please read the instructions below…
分析: farm owner农场主;teacher老师;news reporter新闻记者;customer顾客。由主语“We”得知,文章从农场的角度书写,可推测是农场的主人写的,故选A。
( )The instructions are most probably from .
A.a farm owner B.a teacher
C.a news reporter D.a customer
推理计算题:计算题也是推理判断题中常见的形式,此类试题要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文章中经常会出现许多数字,对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先理解文章的大意,然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。
类型二、配对阅读
配对阅读主要考查考生对文章的理解能力和信息匹配能力。2022年中考配对阅读考查的是短信与回复,阅读词汇量和难度较2021年均有所下降。
【常见类型】
1.人名——观点配对 2.地名——描述配对
3.问题——建议配对 4.需求——广告配对
5.情况——习语配对 6.分类题
【解题步骤】
1.认真阅读背景介绍,了解话题或主题。
2.仔细阅读题目,找出不同人物的不同要求,并在关键词下画线,以便为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。
3.快速浏览7个备选项,迅速抓住每个备选项的要点。浏览过程中若发现答题所需的具体信息,在关键词或句子下面画线并标上所答的题号,以初步敲定。对那些暂时无法确定的可暂且放置一边,留待第二次阅读时解决。
4.第二次阅读时必须有针对性,主要解决两个问题:一是仔细检查已初步认定的内容与题干是否匹配;二是找到第一遍浏览时尚未找到的信息。
5.为确保准确无误,若有时间可再次将题干和已选择答案的内容进行比较,检查有无谬误或疏漏之处。
注意:每读一段话,做一道题,每确定一题的答案后,将该选项从列表中划去,以免在以后的选择中干扰视线,同时也将相应的短文划去,减少以后的阅读段落。
Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee
ready and floors swept.With smart devices(装置)
controlled by AI, all housework can be done while
you are asleep. (第51题答题线索)
A
真题范例(2022·广东)
Now your kids can try these devices at the small home show in our community science center from August 1st to August 14th.Here in the center we have many fun activities. Children can also try our cleaning robot Little Q. It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs. It’s like a big toy. (第52题答题线索) Your children will love it.
Opening Hours:1:00 p.m.—9:00 p.m. from Tuesday to Sunday, closed on Monday.(第53题答题线索)
Visitors:People of all ages are welcome. Children under 12 should come along with their parents. No pets are allowed.(第54题答题线索)
Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks. Visitors can buy food and drinks in the center.
Tickets: Please call 769520 to book a ticket. Kindly note that you CAN’T book a ticket on our website or through e-mail. And it is NOT possible to buy a ticket at our ticket office as it is closed.(第55题答题线索)
51.What can the smart devices in Paragraph 1 do (细节理解题)
A.Farming. B.Business.
C.Housework. D.Schoolwork.
A B C D
52.What does Little Q look like (新题型:图文理解题)
53.When can a visitor enter the science center (细节理解题)
A.On Monday morning. B.On Sunday morning.
C.On Monday afternoon. D.On Sunday afternoon.
54.Who can be allowed to visit the center (细节理解题)
A.A man with a cat.
B.An 8-year-old boy alone.
C.A man with his 3-year-old son.
D.A girl with food from outside.
55.How can a visitor book a ticket (细节理解题)
A.By making a phone call. B.By sending an e-mail.
C.By visiting the website. D.By going to the ticket office.
【答案详解】
51.C 根据“With smart devices controlled by AI, all housework can be done while you are asleep.”可知智能设备可以做家务活,故选C。
52.D 根据题干“What…look like”可知问“机器人长什么样”。根据“Children can also try our cleaning robot Little Q.It is a cute robot with a round head,two big eyes and two long legs.”可知机器人有一个圆圆的头,两只大眼睛和两只长腿,故选D。
53.D 根据“Opening Hours:1:00 p.m.—9:00 p.m. from Tuesday to Sunday,closed on Monday.”可知参观者周日下午可以进入科学中心,故选D。
54.C 根据“Visitors:People of all ages are welcome.Children under 12 should come along with their parents.No pets are allowed.” 可知一个男人带着他3岁的儿子可以被允许参观该中心,故选C。
55.A 根据“Tickets:Please call 769520 to book a ticket.”可知游客可以通过打电话订票,故选A。
B
Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber.He has climbed many high mountains in the world.Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure(探险)in South America, covering 7,800 miles.He was even named Adventurer of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled.(第57题答题线索) He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants, rocks and water samples(样本) from places far away to do research.But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach—only the bravest adventurers can make it.Jerry thought he could do something to help.He then came up with an idea.He set up a team of top adventurers to collect samples for scientists.By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.(第58题答题线索)
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life on Mount Qomolangma.The samples they brought back have helped scientists learn how plants live in extreme(极端的)conditions.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying.“Such adventures have made us see life in a different way.(第59题答题线索)Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me.What matters is doing something helpful while climbing mountains.There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper.(整段,第60题答题线索)
56.What is Paragraph 1 mainly about (新题型:段落大意题)
A.Jerry’s friends. B.Jerry’s achievements.
C.High mountains. D.A geography magazine.
【答案详解】
56.B 本段主要讲Jerry的成就,故选B。
57.What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean (词义猜测题)
A.Satisfied. B.Lonely. C.Patient. D.Worried.
【答案详解】
57.A 结合语境可知即使Jerry获得了巨大的成就,但他不自满,对人生还有其他寄望,故选A。
58.Why did Jerry set up a team of top adventurers (细节理解题)
A.To make friends. B.To help scientists.
C.To study plants. D.To train scientists.
【答案详解】
58.B 根据题干关键信息可知问原因。根据第三段“Jerry thought he could do something to help…He set up a team of top adventurers to collect samples for scientists…protect it.”可知Jerry要组建一支顶级探险队帮助科学家,故选B。
59.Jerry’s and his friends’ adventures have changed
.(推理判断题)
A.their hobbies B.their friendship
C.their understanding of life D.their living conditions
【答案详解】
59.C 根据最后一段“Such adventures have made us see life in a different way.”可推断这些冒险经历改变了他们对生活的理解,故选C。
60.Which can be the best title for the passage (最佳标题题)
A.Dangerous Mountains Climbing
B.Important Scientific Discoveries
C.Plants Found on High Mountains
D.Adventures Turned into Something Greater
【答案详解】
60.D 根据最后一段“冒险使我们以不同的方式看待生活”,可推断最佳标题为“冒险变成了更伟大的事情”,故选D。
A.What a pity! Shall we meet sometime next week After all, shopping won’t be fun without you.
B.We still have some in the kitchen. I bought a bottle of milk the day before yesterday and we haven’t opened it yet.
C.Great!I’ll collect them on my way to work tomorrow morning.Many thanks.
C
配对阅读。左栏是五则短信,右栏是七则回复,请将短信和回复进行匹配,并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
D.Sure.There is a fruit shop on my way home.What would you like me to buy What about some bananas
E.Take your time.I will be there in a few minutes.What salad would you like, fruit salad or vegetable salad
F.You can take No.27 bus to my house.Get off at East Street.There is a shop near the bus stop.I will wait for you there.
G.Thanks.It is getting much better now.My doctor said I could return to the sports field next month.Anyway, I’ll be there next week.
61.Tara, could you buy some milk at the supermarket when you are back from school this afternoon
【技巧点拨】61.细节配对题。左栏短信关键信息“buy some milk”,与右栏回复关键信息“I bought a bottle of milk”对应。故选B。
62.Alice, I’m afraid I can’t join the shopping trip tomorrow.My cousin is coming to visit me.
【技巧点拨】62.细节配对题。左栏短信关键信息“can’t join the shopping trip”,与右栏回复关键信息“What a pity!”“shopping”对应。故选A。
63.Sorry, Tony.I missed the train and I’ll be late.If you get to the restaurant on time, could you please order orange juice and salad for me
【技巧点拨】63.细节配对题。左栏短信关键信息“I’ll be late”“salad”,与右栏回复关键信息“Take your time.”“salad”对应。故选E。
64.Hi, Peter.Has your leg got any better We will have a match next week.Hope you can come and watch it!
【技巧点拨】64.细节配对题。左栏短信关键信息“Has your leg got any better ”“next week”,与右栏回复关键信息“It is getting much better now”“next week”对应。故选G。
65.Tom, the sports shop on West Street phoned.They have repaired your basketball shoes!
【技巧点拨】65.细节配对题。左栏短信关键信息“They have repaired your basketball shoes!”,与右栏回复关键信息“I’ll collect them ”对应。故选C。
Teacher:Liu Shangqi, a Chinese teacher
from a famous Chinese university.
This course teaches students communication
skills in Chinese through listening, speaking, reading and writing.Please note that this course is for beginning students of Chinese.
Level One Chinese
Two Chinese Courses
A
Term 1:Introducing you and your family members in Chinese.(Credits:2)
Term 2:Talking about your interests in Chinese.(Credits:3)
Term 3:Talking about your school life in Chinese.(Credits:3)
Term 4:Talking about your town in Chinese.Learn to talk about what is special about your town, and give street directions.(Credits:4)
Teacher:Mr K.Grounds, who has studied
Chinese culture in China for ten years.
This course develops communication skills in Chinese through reading, writing, listening and speaking.Cultural knowledge is an important part of the course.By the end of the course, students will be able to communicate information and ideas in Chinese.It is important to note that this course is for non-native (非本土的) students of Chinese.It is for students who have just started learning Chinese.
Level Two Chinese
Term 1:Describing people and things in Chinese.Learn to talk about your family and friends.(Credits:4)
Term 2:Buying things in China.Learn how to go shopping in Chinese supermarkets.(Credits:5)
Term 3:Talking about travel experiences in Chinese.Learn how to write a letter or an e-mail in Chinese.(Credits:6)
( )1.What are the courses of Level One Chinese about
A.Chinese culture.
B.Students’ personal information.
C.Chinese history.
D.Students’ life skills in Chinese society.
B
D.
C.
B.
A.
( )2.(新题型,图文理解题)Who can’t choose Level Two Chinese
D
( )3.What can be talked about in Term 1 of Level Two Chinese
A.How to buy things. B.Family and friends.
C.Travel experiences. D.Interests and school life.
B
( )4.How many credits can students get after learning to describe one of their trips in Chinese
A.6. B.5. C.4. D.3.
A
( )5.What do the two courses have in common
A.They both pay special attention to listening.
B.They are both taught by teachers from China.
C.They are both for Chinese beginners.
D.They both offer the same credits after all terms.
C
B
Some research looked at similarities and differences between male-male and female-female friendships.While the similarities tend to outweigh the differences, there are some interesting ways that men’s friendships differ from women’s.
The most common finding is that men’s friendships are more “instrumental” and less emotional, while women are much more likely to share emotions and feelings.Men’s friendships often happen on shared activities, and are more “transactional (事务性的)”—repaying support and working together on projects.In other words, men share activities, while women share feelings.
On the whole, women tend to put more in keeping their friendships—calling friends at a certain time, meeting more often, etc.Men, on the other hand, don’t feel as much need to stay in touch.
One researcher who was studying men’s friendships asked for the names and addresses of very close friends (“a friend you could call up to lend you money or help you out of trouble”).The researcher was surprised that some of these “close” friends had no contact, and in a few cases, the close friend passed away unbeknownst to (不为……所知) the friend!
For the most part, men’s friendships are often less close and less supportive than friendships between women.However, there is some evidence (证据) that women’s friendships are often weaker than men’s.
A very recent study suggests that one reason why men are more likely than women to go out drinking with friends is that wine causes men to be less inhibited (拘谨的) and allows for more expression of emotions.
( )7.What does the underlined word “tend” mean in this passage
A.Decide. B.Try. C.Come. D.Turn.
( )6.What do men’s friendships often stand on
A.Shared activities. B.Shared emotions.
C.Shared mind. D.Shared feelings.
B
A
( )8.(新题型,段落大意题)What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A.Men often contact with their close friends.
B.It’s easy for men to call their close friends for help.
C.Some men don’t have too much contact with their close friends.
D.The man knew little about his close friend because he cared little about him.
C
( )9.Why do men like to drink with friends outside
A.Because men have more friends than women.
B.Because wine causes men to be less inhibited.
C.Because men’s friendships depend on drinks.
D.Because men like sharing wine with friends.
B
( )10.What’s the best title of this passage
A.Men’s friendships are often stronger than women’s
B.How men’s friendships are different from women’s
C.Why men’s friendships are different from women’s
D.Similarities between men’s friendships and women’s
B
A.Reading is really a good habit and students should keep reading in their busy school life, because “A good book is the best friend”.
B.“Everything is ready except the east wind” means someone has made full preparation, except for the last most important one.
C
配对阅读。左栏是五个人的情况介绍, 右栏是七个中英习语及其解释, 请为每个人选择一个合适的习语描述他/她的情况。
C.“Good fame is better than a good face.” That means people think inner beauty is more important than outer beauty.
D.“A hungry man is an angry man.”If someone doesn’t eat anything, he will be hungry.What’s worse, with an empty stomach, he or she is more likely to be angry.
E.“Lord Ye loves dragons” is used to describe someone who says he loves one thing very much, but actually he doesn’t like it well, or even fears it.
F.It’s a good idea to go travelling to broaden one’s horizon.Just like the old saying goes, “Man who travels far knows more.”
G.When you are hungry, what you eat tastes good, even the food you don’t like tastes good as well.That’s why we say“Hunger is the best spice”.
( )11.Alice isn’t the most beautiful girl in her class, but she is always ready to help others.All the classmates think she is the best student.
( )12.Daniel likes drawing pictures of dogs.He thinks he is a dog lover.But in fact, he is afraid of the dog’s teeth.
( )13.Jenny always waits until she is very hungry to eat some vegetables which she usually doesn’t like.
G
E
C
( )14.Jack has decided to go travelling during the winter holiday.He has almost got everything ready.The last thing he needs to do is to buy the ticket.
( )15.Sarah is a ninth-grade student.Though she is very busy with her schoolwork, she still spends one hour a day reading her favorite book.
A
B
(温馨提示:更多“阅读理解”专项训练请练习
“第二部分 主题整合训练”的第三题。)
第三节 阅读理解
第三部分 中考题型解题指导
01
题型突破
02
解题技巧
03
高分特训
一、题型分析
从近几年的广东中考考题来看,阅读理解题包括A、B、C三篇短文,每篇短文生词率不超过3%。
A篇是应用文,一般以表格、图表或配有图片的短文等形式出现。本篇短文的5个考题基本上属于文中细节题,都可以直接从文中找出答案。同学们在解答A篇阅读时,要认真、细心,找准句子和信息点。值得注意的是2022广东中考真题变化点:1.题干换成特殊疑问句形式;2.出现新题型:52题图文理解题。
B篇是考查学生能力的短文,一般为说明性的短文(科普文)。2022年是一篇叙事类文章,其中有2~3小题有些难度,可能会涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)、词义猜测、代词指代等有关问题;2022年词义猜测题沿续2021年考法猜英文释义;在做题时需要仔细推敲,结合上下文,经过推理、筛选最终才能得出结论,选出正确的答案。值得注意的是2022广东中考真题变化点:1.题干基本上换成特殊疑问句形式;2.出现新考法:56题段落大意题。
C篇为配对阅读题,命题者给考生提供若干段简短的信息,让学生把相应的信息进行配对,属于细节考查题,难度不大,要尽量不失分。2022年中考配对阅读考查的是短信与回复,体现了英语作为一门工具语言的交流作用,贴近学生生活。阅读词汇量和难度较2021年均有所下降。
2020年~2022年广东中考英语“阅读理解”分析
二、命题规律
年份 篇序 话题 主题 考点 体现的课标要求和
学科核心素养
2022 A 科普知 识与现 代技术 一则关于小型家庭秀上的智能机器人展示的广告 文体:应用文 词数:187词 非课标单词:devices n.装置 51 细节理解题 思维品质——科学思维
52 图文理解题(新题型)
53 细节理解题
54 细节理解题
55 细节理解题
2022 B 家庭、 朋友与 周围的人 世界著名的登山运动员杰瑞的故事 文体:记叙文 词数:258词 非课标单词: 1.adventure n.探险 2.sample n.样本 3.extreme adj.极端的 56 段落大意题(新题型) 思维品质——健全人格
57 词义猜测题
58 细节理解题
59 推理判断题
60 最佳标题题
(续表)
年份 篇序 话题 主题 考点 体现的课标要求和
学科核心素养
2022 C 日常生活 短信与回复 词数:257词 非课标单词:无 61~65 细节匹配题 语言能力——人际交流
2021 A 日常活动 疫情期间摘草莓注意事项 文体:应用文 词数:210词 非课标单词: 1.circumstance n.情况 2.reservation n.预约 51 细节理解题 思维品质——健全人格
52 细节理解题
53 细节理解题
54 细节理解题
55 推理判断题
2021 B 历史与社会 学生Laura发起Feed & Find项目,既能帮助解决粮食浪费问题,又能帮助有需要的人 文体:新闻报道 词数:277词 非课标单词: 1.supply v.供应 2.shelter n.庇护所 56 推理判断题 思维品质——创新思维
57 细节理解题
58 细节理解题
59 词义猜测题 (英文猜英文)
60 主旨大意题
C 语言学习 英语习语与语境 词数:341词 非课标单词:无 61~65 细节匹配题 语言能力——文化理解
2020 A 人际交往 团建活动 文体:应用文 词数:234词 51 细节理解题 思维品质——健全人格
52 细节理解题
53 细节理解题
54 细节理解题
55 推理判断题
B 自然 人与动物——马里的古尔马沙漠象 文体:说明文 词数:223词 56 细节理解题 思维品质——科学思维
57 词义猜测题
58 细节理解题
59 细节理解题
60 主旨大意题
C 计划与安排 国外家庭成员与中国传统文化 词数:300词 61~65 细节理解题 语言能力——跨文化交际
类型一、阅读理解A、B篇
广东中考阅读理解A、B篇主要考查的题型有逻辑排序题、细节理解题、代词指代题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题、推理判断题。值得注意的是2022年广东中考阅读理解题增加了图文理解题、段落大意题。下面我们就重点讲讲这几种题型的解题技巧。
题型一:图文理解题
图文理解题是2022年广东中考阅读理解题中的新题型,出现在A篇的第52题。图文理解题要求考生在理解文章内容的前提下,选出正确的图片答案。此题型对文章细节要求较高,注意把握关键信息,比较图片不同,利用排除法,得出正确答案。
对点训练 In October 2020, more than 1,400 students from 26 classes took part in the competition.The girls wore silver jewelry(珠宝)and the traditional costumes of the Miao-ethnic(苗族) group.They performed a special dance which combined gymnastics with the Miao “Gloden Pheasant Dance(锦鸡舞)”.Following the special music,everyone waved their arms, turned and circled around.
D.
C.
B.
A.
( )What is the special dance
A
题型二:主旨大意题(含段落大意题)
主旨大意题主要测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力,一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或题目设题。这类题目考查的范围是:基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法,对文章进行高度概括或总结,属于高层次题。
主旨大意题的测试内容主要侧重“概括文章大意”和“确定文章的最佳标题”。常见设问形式的题干主要有:
A.标题类
(1)The best title/headline for this passage might be
_________.
(2)What is the best title for the passage
(3)Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage
B.大意类
(1)This passage chiefly deals with________.
(2)What’s the topic of the article
(3)What is the subject discussed in the text
做主旨大意题时常用的方法是“略读法”。快速阅读文章找出各个段落的主题句。把各个段落的主题句联系起来,着眼于全文结构安排,了解文章的重心,就能概括出文章的中心。文章的标题是中心思想最精炼的表达形式,选择的标题意义范围要能涵盖全文,不能太大也不能太小。考生要特别留意命题者在出这类题时,常常利用生活常识编造干扰项,把文中的细节当主旨,利用局部信息编造干扰项,编制超出文章范围的标题或不能涵盖文章中心意义的标题来考查考生的理解程度。
1.标题类阅读理解题的解题技巧
标题是段落中心思想最精炼的表达形式。在阅读中不仅要求考生能够通过自己已知的信息概括出段落的中心思想,而且还要对概括出的中心思想加以提炼,拟定出段落的标题,在测试中能够迅速而准确地选择标题。
文章标题可以是单词、短语,也可以是句子。标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容,抓住文章讨论的中心,把握作者的观点和意图。它的特点是:短小精悍,多为一个短语;涵盖性强,一般要求能覆盖全文,其确定的范围要恰当,既不能太大,也不能太小;精确性强,不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。
【例题】You can ask Amazon’s virtual (虚拟的) helper, Alexa, for a lot of things.She can play music, read news and tell you the weather.You can even ask her to tell the meaning of artificial intelligence(人工智能).
“Artificial intelligence,”Alexa says, “is the ability of a computer program or a machine to think or learn.” What Alexa fails to mention is that she herself is a form of artificial intelligence.
Artificial intelligence, or AI, is all around us…
( )Which can be the best title for this passage
A.What is AI B.AI products
C.Machines and devices D.Machine learning
Much of today’s AI is based on…
AI has the power to do…
AI is changing many parts of our lives…
解析:整篇文章围绕着“artificial intelligence(AI)”这个主题展开阐述,每段段首都是该段的中心句,分别介绍了artificial intelligence(AI)的定义、性能与作用。从这个主题和中心句内容可推断“What is AI”这个标题最为准确,故选A。
2.大意类阅读理解题的解题技巧
主旨大意类阅读理解题的一般范围是:基本论点、文章大意、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法,对文章进行高度的概括或总结,属于高层次题。
解答该题型最关键的是找出主题句,把握文章主旨。主题句多在文章的开头或结尾,有的出现在中间。概括大意一般是先看首尾或各段开头,再看全文找主题句,若无明显主题句,就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句,记叙文中寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时,务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时,要注意一些转折词,如but, yet, however, although, in spite of等。当文章中表示相反的观点时,往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点,排除迷惑性信息,准确归纳主旨大意。
对点训练1To make the young know more about the national culture, early in 2006, Yangwu Middle School started to teach their students a special kind of gymnastics(体操), and there is a gymnastic competition every year in Guizhou Province.
…
Wang is not alone.According to Long Quan, a PE teacher in Yangwu Middle School, Pheasant Dance gymnastics has become very popular among students.“It not only makes the students physically strong but also expands (拓展)the campus culture.Since the students know the dance at their young age and the movements are simple to learn, it’s not hard to promote (推广) this kind of gymnastics,” Long said.
( )What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.Less and less students in China will learn such a dance.
B.Students become stronger in spirit just because of the dance.
C.Many other students like the dance besides Wang.
D.The dance will become the most popular activity in China.
C
★段落大意题是2022广东中考阅读理解题中出现的新考法,出现在B篇第56题。段落大意题主要考查学生对段落大意的总结归纳能力。解题方法主要有:摘句归纳法(首尾句)、合并归纳法、取主舍次法等。
对点训练2(2022浙江省丽水市阅读理解B篇节选)
A teen runner Ralph says, “Junior Parkrun at the park in my neighborhood is a weekly highlight. I love all sports, but I find doing Parkrun every week builds up my fitness and energy. Run, jog or walk—Parkrun is a free, fun and friendly activity. It’s great meeting up with my friends and running the 2 km every week together.”
( )In Paragraph 5, Ralph mainly talks about .
A.why he likes Parkruns
B.where he does Parkruns
C.who he runs Parkruns with
D.when he takes part in Parkruns
A
题型三:逻辑排序题
逻辑排序题在2017年广东中考中出现过,出现在A篇的最后一题。逻辑排序题不仅要求考生在有限的时间内充分理解文章的内容,而且重点考查逻辑思维能力,着实让不少考生头疼。逻辑排序题常采用“观察+对比+定位+排除”的方法:首先观察选项的特点,一般情况下,四个选项中都是有两个相同的顺序组合作为事件发生的顺序开头,到文中去定位,排除错误的选项;接着进行第二轮对比排除,最后得到正确答案。下面介绍常用的解题方法:
1.先易后难。选择自己最熟悉、最明显的答案先判断,根据“先易后难”的原则逐个排除。
2.找关键词。如表顺序的at first, first, second, third等。
3.上下句联系。这种题所采用的语句一般都是在上句与下句或上半句与下半句之间有一定的对应关系,我们只要抓住它们的联系就可以解答了。
对点训练(2017年广东省卷阅读理解A篇节选)
To enter the competition,please visit the Centre Shop to pay ￡5 for each poem.Once the payment is made,please email the poem(s) to poetrycomp@center.uk.Remember to mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of the document(文档) to show which group to enter before emailing your poem(s).
Questions about the competition can be emailed to poetrycomp@center.uk.
( )Which is the correct order for poets to enter the competition
① Pay ￡5 for each poem.
② Visit the Centre Shop.
③ Email their poem(s) to poetrycomp@center.uk.
④ Mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of their document.
A.①②③④ B.②①③④ C.②①④③ D.③④②①
C
题型四:细节理解题
在阅读理解题目中,有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。广东中考阅读理解中细节题的比重占一半以上。细节题主要考查考生对文章中阐述主题的细节与具体事实的把握能力。内容涉及询问事实、原因、结果、目的等。这些题目有两个共同特点:
(1)凡属针对特定细节的考题,其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语,也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子,但句式、用词和表达方式不同。
(2)干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂,正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂,甚至真假混杂。
因此,解答这类试题时,考生应快速阅读材料,抓住大意后,迅速浏览考题,确定关键词。然后,根据这些关键词,运用查读法,迅速查找关键信息,进而分析这些信息的结构和意义,理清逻辑关系,最后确定正确答案。
对点训练(2021年广东省卷阅读理解B篇节选)
Pretty cool, right It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura, hoping that she could help develop similar projects for their communities.
( )People in other cities would like Laura to .
A.find a truck driver
B.visit their communities
C.give away food to them
D.help develop projects like hers
D
题型五:代词指代题
代词指代题常见的类型有:
1.The word “…” in the passage probably means .
2.The underlined word “…” in the passage refers to .
3.In this passage, the underlined word “…” refers to .
做这类题时,常见的解题技巧有:
1.确定指代对象。首先要分析前后文,明确代词所指代的对象是人还是物,避免误判,要有目的地做题。
2.确定指代对象的数量。代词所指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词,一定要在理解句子意思的基础上进行判断。只有判断准确,才能理解文章的意思,准确理解题目的要求。
3.确定指代范围。在认真阅读的基础上明确代词的指代范围。只有明确了代词所表示的具体范围,才能搞清楚文章的逻辑关系和前后文的联系,正确理解文章的中心思想。
对点训练(2019年广东省卷阅读理解B篇节选)
But what exactly is a robot There are some important characteristics(特征) that a robot must have.These characteristics might help you to decide what is and what is not a robot.It will also help you to decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot.A robot has these important characteristics.
( )The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 is about
.
A.the toy B.the characteristic
C.the machine D.the engine
C
题型六:词义猜测题
猜测词义是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某一生词、难词、关键词的意义。2021中考B篇阅读第59题词义猜测题由猜中文意思改为猜英文释义。学生运用英语释义猜词的过程其实是引导学生用英语思考、用英语理解的过程,对学生的技能要求更高。因此,在备考过程中,既要训练英语思维,也要拓展词汇量。 本题难度较大。猜测词义的方法主要有:
1.根据文章中心或主题猜测词义。
一般来说,要查找的生词都是与揭示文章主题有一定联系的,如果能够把握好文章的中心,往往有助于猜测出文章中的生词的含义。
【例题】Jordan was born with a disability.But she says her difference doesn’t hold her back—it makes her amazing.
When Jordan was having a new dance class at the age of 8, she noticed that some kids were staring at her.The kids were looking at her left arm.It stops above the elbow(肘部).
Each year, about 2,000 babies in the United States are born with limb differences, like Jordan was.That means they are missing all or part of an arm or a leg.With only one hand, Jordan has a tough time doing certain activities like tying her shoes.She sometimes uses a prosthetic(假体)arm to help her ride her bike.
分析:从首段可知Jordan是残疾人;结合下画线单词后一句“That means they are missing all or part of an arm or a leg.”可推断答案选C。
( )What does the underlined word “limb” in Paragraph
3 mean
A.Eyes or ears. B.Noses or mouths.
C.Arms or legs. D.Hair or skin.
2.利用构词法猜测词义
构词法是一种能快速有效地判断生词含意的方法。英语中,常见的构词法主要有合成法、派生法和转换法(详见本书配套的“早读材料”中的“构词法”)。
英语中有大量的单词是通过合成或加前后缀构成的。理解某个派生词的词根含义以及前后缀的作用与含义,那么它的词性和含义就显而易见了。
【例题】A two-year-old girl with a deadly cancer may have been saved by her $3 toothbrush.Katie Lolley was found to have a rare eye tumor(肿瘤) after a flashing light on the brush warned her mother of an uncommon white reflection(反射光) on her eye, reports The Sun.
Doctors said they had caught it just in time to save Katie’s life, and would reportedly perform an emergency operation to remove her eye.
“If it wasn’t for that flashing toothbrush, we may never have seen the tumor—at least, not until it was too late,” said Katie’s mother Rebecca.
( )The underlined word “remove” means “ ” in this passage.
A.take B.fix C.pick D.make
分析:remove的词根是move,前缀为re。 re-“相反;反对;不” + move“移动”→往反方向移动→移开,意为“患眼癌的眼睛需要摘除”,故选A。这篇短文中也有不少派生词和合成词,如: deadly(致命的),toothbrush(牙刷),uncommon(罕见的),reportedly(据报道),operation(手术),故可看出构词法在阅读理解过程中发挥着重要的作用。
对点训练1
Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlandish town Nijmegen offers a new solution for those who are struggling from everyday challenges of student life and anxious uncertainty about the future—a “purification grave(净化坟墓)”.
( )The underlined word “uncertainty”means “ ”.
A.being sure B.being unsure
C.being in order D.being in disorder
B
3.根据上下文的同义或对比关系来理解词义。
同位关系是指文章中与之相关的同义词、同位语、定语(从句)等,如果能够借助它们的解释或定义,则很容易猜测出词义来。根据同义关系猜测词义,关键是要了解显示同义关系的线索。换句话说,破折号、逗号等标点符号,以及or, and, in other words, that’s to say, namely等词或短语就是这种线索。定语从句主要起修饰限制或补充说明先行词内容或性质的作用。因此,我们可以根据定语从句的内容推测出先行词的词义。
对比关系是指上下文中的一些连词经常被用来表示转折关系,如果能够抓住说明事物的这种比较和对照的方法,就会给人“柳暗花明又一村”的感觉。常见的表示转折关系的词有but, however, instead, yet等。上文中的某些词或句子往往会为下文的生词埋下伏笔或做出暗示,也往往会在下文有回应的地方。
【例题】Life is too short and uncertain.What I say is not new at all, but it is important.If you are reading this, I am no longer with you.You are alone now.I’m not there to help you or give you any kind of advice.But I have faith that the steps you take will be sound and wise.
( )The underlined word “sound” means “ ” in the passage.
A.loud B.dangerous
C.reasonable D.respectable
分析: loud大声的;dangerous危险的;reasonable合理的;respectable值得尊敬的。从并列连词and可知,下画线单词与wise意思相近;结合句意“但我相信你所走的每一步都是明智的”,故选C。
Learning to tell the truth, even at the risk of punishment, is an important part of moral(道德)development, and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there.
对点训练2
Parents of very young children know this:You catch your child in the act of stealing the cookie—the evidence(证据)of candy written on his or her face.However, the kid often gives a denial, “I didn’t do it!”
( )The underlined expression “gives a denial” in Paragraph 1 means “ ”.
A.refuses to tell the truth
B.decides to blame the parent
C.prepares to accept the truth
D.begins to shout at the parent
A
4.根据上下文的因果关系或顺承关系猜测词义。
有什么样的原因就会产生什么样的结果,因果关系是文章中一种普遍的语言表达关系。在这种关系中如果知道了原因,结果也就知道了;反之,如果知道了结果,原因也就不难发现。
Lunch was terrible.Mum kept trying to start a conversation,but neither Jim nor I would say much.Something unpleasant happened, but I didn’t mean to do it.When I was handing Jim his blackberry pie,the plate slipped and the dark purple berries stuck to his shirt and tie.
【例题】For a long time, Mum and I lived a peaceful life.Then one day,Jim came over for lunch, wearing a blue suit with a short brown tie and a green shirt.I couldn’t believe he was going to be my stepfather(继父).
I was mortified.My face turned bright red.Jim looked very surprised at first, but then he began to laugh.I started to laugh, too.Then I had a quick look at my mother.She looked happier than I had seen her before.
分析:happy快乐的;bored无聊的;embarrassed 尴尬的;angry生气的。根据上文的unpleasant可先排除“快乐的”。上一段提到“我”不小心把黑莓酱弄到了Jim的衬衣和领带上,画线词后面也提到了“我”的脸变得通红,可推知“我”因为这件事而感到尴尬,而不是“无聊”或“生气”。故选C。
( )The underlined word “mortified” means “ ”.
A.happy B.bored C.embarrassed D.angry
对点训练3
Dong was born in a highly-educated family in 1973.She has a great love for traditional literature(文学) from an early age.In 2015 when she was about to study in the US, Dong received an invitation from the director of Chinese Poetry Conference asking her to be the hostess.Because of her passion for traditional literature, Dong accepted the offer.
“The contest interests me very much.Hosting is a process of learning about poetry and performing,”said Dong.To her great joy, the show has become more and more popular.
( )The underlined word “passion” means “ ” in the passage.
A.love B.happiness C.surprise D.pride
A
5.根据生活经验或常识猜测词义。
已有的生活经验和常识,往往会给阅读后的理解提供有力的支持。借助已有的,推测陌生的,这就上升到了能力的提高,使生词的破解成为可能。
For some people, rationing (定量供应)now becomes normal.Kelson da Cruz keeps one container of water near the shower.He uses another for brushing his teeth and washing his face.He uses non-drinking water to flush the toilet.
【例题】Across the city, people are making an effort to save water.They are taking 90-second showers.They are washing their clothes less often.Using tap water to wash cars or fill swimming pools is not allowed.Those caught using too much water are punished.
( )The underlined word “flush” means in the passage.
A.wash B.fill C.paint D.drive
分析: 从上文“Across the city, people are making an effort to save water.”可知人们在努力节约水资源;结合生活常识可知,居民通常用非饮用水来冲洗厕所这种方式节约水资源,故选A。
总结:有些词的确切含义还须综合应用几种方法才能正确猜出。
题型七:推理判断题
中考英语阅读理解题中,那些要求通过词、句、段,或通过计算去判断其他含义的题目属于推理判断题。推理判断题的考查每年都在中考英语阅读理解题中占有一定的比例。
推理判断的题目中常含有suggest, mean, learn, know, purpose等动词,或含有表示推测的情态动词can, could, might, would以及表示推断的副词probably, most likely等。
推理判断题的干扰选项有以下设置特点:(1)将文章中一些从字面含义上就能了解到的信息作为干扰项;(2)将不符合事实、逻辑的判断推理结果作为干扰项。
解答这类问题,头脑应当清楚:问题是要求把正确的选项选出,还是要求把错误的选项选出。有的考生不看清问题,就去选择选项,想当然地把正确的、符合文章事实的一项圈出,而问题问的却是Which of the following is not true (mentioned),结果误选。
推理判断题的四个选项的设计一般有三种情况:
①四个选项中的信息集中在一两个句子里。这种是非题比较容易做。只要找到相关句,细细读一下就不难选定正确答案。
②四个选项中的信息集中在一段里。这样查读的范围要大一些,但还是比较容易的。验证一个,排除一个,答案就出来了。
③四个选项中的信息分散在全文。这种是非题就比较难做,因为要花较多的时间去找各个相关句,一一去查证。一般说来,应首先把四个选项都看一遍,根据第一遍读的印象和基本常识,尽可能先排除掉一两个,以减少查证的选项。实在排除不了,需要到文章中去一一查证的,次序也应从易到难,即从印象最深的,相关句最易找的,最容易证实的那个选项开始查。
【例题】Welcome to Manor Farm U-pick Activities
We are known for our delicious strawberries.We invite you to visit the farm and enjoy our fresh products and great farming experiences.We’ll try our best to create a safe open-air environment for our customers under the circumstances (情况) of COVID-19.Please read the instructions below…
分析: farm owner农场主;teacher老师;news reporter新闻记者;customer顾客。由主语“We”得知,文章从农场的角度书写,可推测是农场的主人写的,故选A。
( )The instructions are most probably from .
A.a farm owner B.a teacher
C.a news reporter D.a customer
推理计算题:计算题也是推理判断题中常见的形式,此类试题要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文章中经常会出现许多数字,对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先理解文章的大意,然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。
类型二、配对阅读
配对阅读主要考查考生对文章的理解能力和信息匹配能力。2022年中考配对阅读考查的是短信与回复,阅读词汇量和难度较2021年均有所下降。
【常见类型】
1.人名——观点配对 2.地名——描述配对
3.问题——建议配对 4.需求——广告配对
5.情况——习语配对 6.分类题
【解题步骤】
1.认真阅读背景介绍,了解话题或主题。
2.仔细阅读题目,找出不同人物的不同要求,并在关键词下画线,以便为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。
3.快速浏览7个备选项,迅速抓住每个备选项的要点。浏览过程中若发现答题所需的具体信息,在关键词或句子下面画线并标上所答的题号,以初步敲定。对那些暂时无法确定的可暂且放置一边,留待第二次阅读时解决。
4.第二次阅读时必须有针对性,主要解决两个问题:一是仔细检查已初步认定的内容与题干是否匹配;二是找到第一遍浏览时尚未找到的信息。
5.为确保准确无误,若有时间可再次将题干和已选择答案的内容进行比较,检查有无谬误或疏漏之处。
注意:每读一段话,做一道题,每确定一题的答案后,将该选项从列表中划去,以免在以后的选择中干扰视线,同时也将相应的短文划去,减少以后的阅读段落。
Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee
ready and floors swept.With smart devices(装置)
controlled by AI, all housework can be done while
you are asleep. (第51题答题线索)
A
真题范例(2022·广东)
Now your kids can try these devices at the small home show in our community science center from August 1st to August 14th.Here in the center we have many fun activities. Children can also try our cleaning robot Little Q. It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs. It’s like a big toy. (第52题答题线索) Your children will love it.
Opening Hours:1:00 p.m.—9:00 p.m. from Tuesday to Sunday, closed on Monday.(第53题答题线索)
Visitors:People of all ages are welcome. Children under 12 should come along with their parents. No pets are allowed.(第54题答题线索)
Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks. Visitors can buy food and drinks in the center.
Tickets: Please call 769520 to book a ticket. Kindly note that you CAN’T book a ticket on our website or through e-mail. And it is NOT possible to buy a ticket at our ticket office as it is closed.(第55题答题线索)
51.What can the smart devices in Paragraph 1 do (细节理解题)
A.Farming. B.Business.
C.Housework. D.Schoolwork.
A B C D
52.What does Little Q look like (新题型:图文理解题)
53.When can a visitor enter the science center (细节理解题)
A.On Monday morning. B.On Sunday morning.
C.On Monday afternoon. D.On Sunday afternoon.
54.Who can be allowed to visit the center (细节理解题)
A.A man with a cat.
B.An 8-year-old boy alone.
C.A man with his 3-year-old son.
D.A girl with food from outside.
55.How can a visitor book a ticket (细节理解题)
A.By making a phone call. B.By sending an e-mail.
C.By visiting the website. D.By going to the ticket office.
【答案详解】
51.C 根据“With smart devices controlled by AI, all housework can be done while you are asleep.”可知智能设备可以做家务活,故选C。
52.D 根据题干“What…look like”可知问“机器人长什么样”。根据“Children can also try our cleaning robot Little Q.It is a cute robot with a round head,two big eyes and two long legs.”可知机器人有一个圆圆的头,两只大眼睛和两只长腿,故选D。
53.D 根据“Opening Hours:1:00 p.m.—9:00 p.m. from Tuesday to Sunday,closed on Monday.”可知参观者周日下午可以进入科学中心,故选D。
54.C 根据“Visitors:People of all ages are welcome.Children under 12 should come along with their parents.No pets are allowed.” 可知一个男人带着他3岁的儿子可以被允许参观该中心,故选C。
55.A 根据“Tickets:Please call 769520 to book a ticket.”可知游客可以通过打电话订票,故选A。
B
Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber.He has climbed many high mountains in the world.Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure(探险)in South America, covering 7,800 miles.He was even named Adventurer of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled.(第57题答题线索) He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants, rocks and water samples(样本) from places far away to do research.But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach—only the bravest adventurers can make it.Jerry thought he could do something to help.He then came up with an idea.He set up a team of top adventurers to collect samples for scientists.By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.(第58题答题线索)
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life on Mount Qomolangma.The samples they brought back have helped scientists learn how plants live in extreme(极端的)conditions.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying.“Such adventures have made us see life in a different way.(第59题答题线索)Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me.What matters is doing something helpful while climbing mountains.There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper.(整段,第60题答题线索)
56.What is Paragraph 1 mainly about (新题型:段落大意题)
A.Jerry’s friends. B.Jerry’s achievements.
C.High mountains. D.A geography magazine.
【答案详解】
56.B 本段主要讲Jerry的成就,故选B。
57.What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean (词义猜测题)
A.Satisfied. B.Lonely. C.Patient. D.Worried.
【答案详解】
57.A 结合语境可知即使Jerry获得了巨大的成就,但他不自满,对人生还有其他寄望,故选A。
58.Why did Jerry set up a team of top adventurers (细节理解题)
A.To make friends. B.To help scientists.
C.To study plants. D.To train scientists.
【答案详解】
58.B 根据题干关键信息可知问原因。根据第三段“Jerry thought he could do something to help…He set up a team of top adventurers to collect samples for scientists…protect it.”可知Jerry要组建一支顶级探险队帮助科学家,故选B。
59.Jerry’s and his friends’ adventures have changed
.(推理判断题)
A.their hobbies B.their friendship
C.their understanding of life D.their living conditions
【答案详解】
59.C 根据最后一段“Such adventures have made us see life in a different way.”可推断这些冒险经历改变了他们对生活的理解,故选C。
60.Which can be the best title for the passage (最佳标题题)
A.Dangerous Mountains Climbing
B.Important Scientific Discoveries
C.Plants Found on High Mountains
D.Adventures Turned into Something Greater
【答案详解】
60.D 根据最后一段“冒险使我们以不同的方式看待生活”,可推断最佳标题为“冒险变成了更伟大的事情”,故选D。
A.What a pity! Shall we meet sometime next week After all, shopping won’t be fun without you.
B.We still have some in the kitchen. I bought a bottle of milk the day before yesterday and we haven’t opened it yet.
C.Great!I’ll collect them on my way to work tomorrow morning.Many thanks.
C
配对阅读。左栏是五则短信,右栏是七则回复,请将短信和回复进行匹配,并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
D.Sure.There is a fruit shop on my way home.What would you like me to buy What about some bananas
E.Take your time.I will be there in a few minutes.What salad would you like, fruit salad or vegetable salad
F.You can take No.27 bus to my house.Get off at East Street.There is a shop near the bus stop.I will wait for you there.
G.Thanks.It is getting much better now.My doctor said I could return to the sports field next month.Anyway, I’ll be there next week.
61.Tara, could you buy some milk at the supermarket when you are back from school this afternoon
【技巧点拨】61.细节配对题。左栏短信关键信息“buy some milk”,与右栏回复关键信息“I bought a bottle of milk”对应。故选B。
62.Alice, I’m afraid I can’t join the shopping trip tomorrow.My cousin is coming to visit me.
【技巧点拨】62.细节配对题。左栏短信关键信息“can’t join the shopping trip”,与右栏回复关键信息“What a pity!”“shopping”对应。故选A。
63.Sorry, Tony.I missed the train and I’ll be late.If you get to the restaurant on time, could you please order orange juice and salad for me
【技巧点拨】63.细节配对题。左栏短信关键信息“I’ll be late”“salad”,与右栏回复关键信息“Take your time.”“salad”对应。故选E。
64.Hi, Peter.Has your leg got any better We will have a match next week.Hope you can come and watch it!
【技巧点拨】64.细节配对题。左栏短信关键信息“Has your leg got any better ”“next week”,与右栏回复关键信息“It is getting much better now”“next week”对应。故选G。
65.Tom, the sports shop on West Street phoned.They have repaired your basketball shoes!
【技巧点拨】65.细节配对题。左栏短信关键信息“They have repaired your basketball shoes!”,与右栏回复关键信息“I’ll collect them ”对应。故选C。
Teacher:Liu Shangqi, a Chinese teacher
from a famous Chinese university.
This course teaches students communication
skills in Chinese through listening, speaking, reading and writing.Please note that this course is for beginning students of Chinese.
Level One Chinese
Two Chinese Courses
A
Term 1:Introducing you and your family members in Chinese.(Credits:2)
Term 2:Talking about your interests in Chinese.(Credits:3)
Term 3:Talking about your school life in Chinese.(Credits:3)
Term 4:Talking about your town in Chinese.Learn to talk about what is special about your town, and give street directions.(Credits:4)
Teacher:Mr K.Grounds, who has studied
Chinese culture in China for ten years.
This course develops communication skills in Chinese through reading, writing, listening and speaking.Cultural knowledge is an important part of the course.By the end of the course, students will be able to communicate information and ideas in Chinese.It is important to note that this course is for non-native (非本土的) students of Chinese.It is for students who have just started learning Chinese.
Level Two Chinese
Term 1:Describing people and things in Chinese.Learn to talk about your family and friends.(Credits:4)
Term 2:Buying things in China.Learn how to go shopping in Chinese supermarkets.(Credits:5)
Term 3:Talking about travel experiences in Chinese.Learn how to write a letter or an e-mail in Chinese.(Credits:6)
( )1.What are the courses of Level One Chinese about
A.Chinese culture.
B.Students’ personal information.
C.Chinese history.
D.Students’ life skills in Chinese society.
B
D.
C.
B.
A.
( )2.(新题型,图文理解题)Who can’t choose Level Two Chinese
D
( )3.What can be talked about in Term 1 of Level Two Chinese
A.How to buy things. B.Family and friends.
C.Travel experiences. D.Interests and school life.
B
( )4.How many credits can students get after learning to describe one of their trips in Chinese
A.6. B.5. C.4. D.3.
A
( )5.What do the two courses have in common
A.They both pay special attention to listening.
B.They are both taught by teachers from China.
C.They are both for Chinese beginners.
D.They both offer the same credits after all terms.
C
B
Some research looked at similarities and differences between male-male and female-female friendships.While the similarities tend to outweigh the differences, there are some interesting ways that men’s friendships differ from women’s.
The most common finding is that men’s friendships are more “instrumental” and less emotional, while women are much more likely to share emotions and feelings.Men’s friendships often happen on shared activities, and are more “transactional (事务性的)”—repaying support and working together on projects.In other words, men share activities, while women share feelings.
On the whole, women tend to put more in keeping their friendships—calling friends at a certain time, meeting more often, etc.Men, on the other hand, don’t feel as much need to stay in touch.
One researcher who was studying men’s friendships asked for the names and addresses of very close friends (“a friend you could call up to lend you money or help you out of trouble”).The researcher was surprised that some of these “close” friends had no contact, and in a few cases, the close friend passed away unbeknownst to (不为……所知) the friend!
For the most part, men’s friendships are often less close and less supportive than friendships between women.However, there is some evidence (证据) that women’s friendships are often weaker than men’s.
A very recent study suggests that one reason why men are more likely than women to go out drinking with friends is that wine causes men to be less inhibited (拘谨的) and allows for more expression of emotions.
( )7.What does the underlined word “tend” mean in this passage
A.Decide. B.Try. C.Come. D.Turn.
( )6.What do men’s friendships often stand on
A.Shared activities. B.Shared emotions.
C.Shared mind. D.Shared feelings.
B
A
( )8.(新题型,段落大意题)What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A.Men often contact with their close friends.
B.It’s easy for men to call their close friends for help.
C.Some men don’t have too much contact with their close friends.
D.The man knew little about his close friend because he cared little about him.
C
( )9.Why do men like to drink with friends outside
A.Because men have more friends than women.
B.Because wine causes men to be less inhibited.
C.Because men’s friendships depend on drinks.
D.Because men like sharing wine with friends.
B
( )10.What’s the best title of this passage
A.Men’s friendships are often stronger than women’s
B.How men’s friendships are different from women’s
C.Why men’s friendships are different from women’s
D.Similarities between men’s friendships and women’s
B
A.Reading is really a good habit and students should keep reading in their busy school life, because “A good book is the best friend”.
B.“Everything is ready except the east wind” means someone has made full preparation, except for the last most important one.
C
配对阅读。左栏是五个人的情况介绍, 右栏是七个中英习语及其解释, 请为每个人选择一个合适的习语描述他/她的情况。
C.“Good fame is better than a good face.” That means people think inner beauty is more important than outer beauty.
D.“A hungry man is an angry man.”If someone doesn’t eat anything, he will be hungry.What’s worse, with an empty stomach, he or she is more likely to be angry.
E.“Lord Ye loves dragons” is used to describe someone who says he loves one thing very much, but actually he doesn’t like it well, or even fears it.
F.It’s a good idea to go travelling to broaden one’s horizon.Just like the old saying goes, “Man who travels far knows more.”
G.When you are hungry, what you eat tastes good, even the food you don’t like tastes good as well.That’s why we say“Hunger is the best spice”.
( )11.Alice isn’t the most beautiful girl in her class, but she is always ready to help others.All the classmates think she is the best student.
( )12.Daniel likes drawing pictures of dogs.He thinks he is a dog lover.But in fact, he is afraid of the dog’s teeth.
( )13.Jenny always waits until she is very hungry to eat some vegetables which she usually doesn’t like.
G
E
C
( )14.Jack has decided to go travelling during the winter holiday.He has almost got everything ready.The last thing he needs to do is to buy the ticket.
( )15.Sarah is a ninth-grade student.Though she is very busy with her schoolwork, she still spends one hour a day reading her favorite book.
A
B
(温馨提示:更多“阅读理解”专项训练请练习
“第二部分 主题整合训练”的第三题。)
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