2023年中考英语复习 第二节　动词的时态第二模块 动词课件(共80张PPT)

(共80张PPT)
第二节　动词的时态
第二模块 动　词
01
中考导航
02
知识导图
03
考点突破
04
动词时态与语法选择
05
动词时态与短文填空
06
提分巧练
07
分层优练
考点 2020年~2022年广东省卷中考(语言知识运用)
语法选择 短文填空 回答问题
1.一般现在时 / 2021:1.5分(call) 2022:8分
2.一般过去时 2022:1分 (told) 2021:1分 (was,结合宾语从句) 2020:1分 (answered) 2021:1.5分 (worked) 2020:1.5分 (set/put) 2021:8分
2020:4分
3.一般将来时 2021:1分 (will bring,结合 宾语从句) / 2022:2分
4.现在进行时 / / 2020:2分
5.过去进行时 / / /
6.现在完成时 / 2022:1.5分(become) 2021:1.5分(written) 2020:2分
考情分析:动词时态在2022年语法选择中考了1分,2021年考了2分,2020年考了1分。2022、2020年在短文填空中有1空考查了动词和动词时态;2021年短文填空有2空考查了动词和时态; 2021~2022年的回答问题中问句涉及了三种时态(一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时);动词的时态是语法选择的必考点,短文填空中考查动词时会涉及动词的时态,回答问题也涉及各种时态,备考时要尤其注意动词时态和语态、从句等的综合考查!
1.一般现在时的构成
一般现在时主要用动词原形表示,如果主语是第三人称单数则在动词原形后加-s或-es。动词第三人称单数的构成方式如下:
一般现在时
构成方法 例子
一般在词尾加-s work—works; spend—spends
在以o,s, x, ch, sh等字母结尾的动词之后加-es do—does; go—goes;
pass—passes; wash—washes;
teach—teaches;mix—mixes
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-es study—studies; try—tries
　　2.一般现在时的用法
用法 例子
表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与often, always, usually, sometimes, once a week, every day等表示频率的副词或时间状语连用 I often go to school by bike.我经常骑车去上学。
表示客观事实或普遍真理 The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
在条件、时间等状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来(标志词:as soon as, if, when, until, unless) If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the park.如果明天下雨,
我们将不去公园。
When I grow up, I will go to England.当我长大后,我将去英国。
一般现在时用法口诀
用好一般现在时,时间状语需牢记。　
基本用法要记清,动作习惯经常性。
客观真理和能力,有时还表将来时。
谓语若为行为动,形式要由主语定:
主语人称是三单,动词要把-s/-es添。
句中若把助词用,谓语动词用原形。
( )1.(2022广州,语法选择)“That 　13　 we can’t put Bob into fresh water right away. Instead, we need to put him in a cup with a little of the dirty water for a while. ”
A.mean　　 B.means　　 C.meant　　 D.meaning
2.(2022广州,短文填空) If you (48) v　 　 Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves (莫高窟).
3.(2021广东,短文填空)His Chinese name is Pan Weilian. His Chinese friends 68.　 　 him “Lao Pan”.
　call/name　
　isit　
B
1.一般过去时的构成
一般过去时用动词的过去式表示,即:主语+动词的过去式。动词过去式和过去分词的变化分为规则和不规则两种。下表是动词的过去式和过去分词的变化规则:
一般过去时(2022,2020语法选择考)
构成方法 例子
一般动词后加-ed work—worked; walk—walked
词尾为e的动词,直接加-d arrive—arrived; love—loved
辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed study—studied; worry—worried
重读闭音节,且只有一个辅音字母结尾的动词,双写该辅音字母再加-ed stop—stopped; drop—dropped
　　2.一般过去时的用法
用法 例子
表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与last night, yesterday, last week, some years ago, in 1995, in the past, the other day, at that time, just now等表示过去的时间状语连用 I got up at six this morning.今天早上我6点起床。
We visited a museum yesterday.昨天我们参观了一个博物馆。
表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作 When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river.
当我在乡下时,我常常在河里游泳。
用于since引导的时间状语从句。主句的谓语动词如果用现在完成时,since引导的时间状语从句要用一般过去时 He has worked in the factory since it opened in 1990.
自从1990年这家工厂开办以来,他就在这里工作。
You haven’t changed much since we last met.
自从我上一次见到你以来,你没有大的变化。
一般过去时用法口诀
动词一般过去时,表示过去发生事。　　　
句中谓语用过去式,过去时间作标记。
否定句,很简单,主语之后didn’t添。
疑问构成也有法,主语前面did加。
还有一点不能忘,后面的动词要还原。
( )1.(2022广东,语法选择)She 　39　 herself that she still had a long way to go and that she should keep practicing.
A.tell　　 B.tells　 C.told
( )2.(2020广东,语法选择)Judie thought for a moment and 　36　, “Butterflies.”
A.answers　 B.answered　
C.will answer　 D.has answered
B
C
3.(2021广东,短文填空)In 1988, Lao Pan first came to China and 69.　 　 as a teacher at a university.
　worked　
1.一般将来时的构成
一般将来时通常用“主语+will/be going to+动词原形”来表示,有些动词可以用“主语+be doing”形式来表示。
一般将来时(2021语法选择考)
2.一般将来时的用法
用法 例子
表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态,常与tomorrow, next week, in a few days, next Sunday等表示将来的时间状语连用 Will you be back in two days 你将在两天后回来吗
当主语是I或we时,问句中一般使用shall表示征求对方意见 Where shall we meet tomorrow 明天我们在哪里会面
be going to+动词原形,表示“计划、打算做某事”,常指已经决定的、很可能发生的事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事 What are you going to do next Sunday 下周日你打算干什么
be doing有时表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。常用这种结构的动词有:go, come, leave, arrive等 She is going there tomorrow.她明天要去那里。
一般将来时用法口诀
一般将来时,将要发生事。谓语不一般,will加动原(动词原形)。
要变疑问句,will放在主语前。否定句,也不难,will后面把not添。
( )(2021广东,语法选择)Now, the city is hoping that the bridge 　37　 lots of tourists to the area. The website for the bridge describes the walk across the bridge as “the most exciting 516 meters of your life.”
Brought B. will bring
C. is bringing D. was bringing
B
1.现在进行时的构成
现在进行时的构成:主语+be动词(am/is/are)+动词的现在分词。动词的现在分词和动名词的变化规则如下表:
现在进行时
构成方法 例子
一般在词尾加-ing work—working; study—studying
以不发音的e结尾的动词,需要去掉e后再加-ing come—coming; take—taking
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时,要双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing stop—stopping; swim—swimming
少数几个以ie结尾的单音节动词,须变ie为y后,再加-ing die—dying; tie—tying; lie—lying
　　2.现在进行时的用法
(1)表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。如:
—What are you doing 你在干什么
—I’m reading English.我在读英语。
(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。如:
They are studying hard this term.他们这个学期学习一直很努力。
(3)come,go,leave,arrive等动词用现在进行时表示将来。如:
The bus is coming soon.公共汽车不久就会来了。
(4)在由while(当……时候)引导的状语从句中,动词通常要用进行时。如:
While you are sitting on the grass, I’ll read you the novel.当你坐在草地上时,我会给你读小说。
( )1.(2021广州,语法选择)“Look at that farmer. I feel very sorry for him. He works so hard in the field, but now it 　5　 up. I wish I might help him.”
A. dry B. is drying C. dried D. was drying
( )2.(2020广州,语法选择) “Please let us pass,” David says.“The children 　8　.”
A.wait　 B.waited　 C.are waiting　D.have waited
C
B
1.过去进行时的构成
过去进行时的构成:主语+was/were+动词的现在分词。
过去进行时
　　2.过去进行时的用法
用法 例子
表示在过去的某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态,常与this time yesterday, at that time, then, at 9:00 last Sunday morning, all night等表示过去的时间状语连用。 —What were you doing this time yesterday
昨天的这个时候你在做什么
—I was watching TV.
我在看电视。
表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后,另一个过去的动作正在进行。过去进行时也可用来表示过去一段时间内持续发生的动作。 When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.
当我在花园浇水时,突然下雨了。
While we were having a party, the lights went out.
当我们正举行聚会时,灯突然灭了。
表示两个过去的动作同时进行,这时可用连接词while连接。 I was writing while my mother was cooking.
我在写作时,我妈妈在煮饭。
George was reading while his wife was listening to the radio.
乔治在看书,而他的妻子在听收音机。
“was going+动词不定式”表示过去打算做某事。 He was going to be our team leader.
他原打算当我们的队长。
( )1.(2018广东,单项填空)—I saw the light of your room was still on at two o’clock last night.
—Oh, I 　　　　a football match of the Russia World Cup.
A.watched B.was watched
C.am watching D.was watching
( )2.(2017广州,语法选择) Grandma 　2　 in the chair by the window when she opened one little eye and said…
A.sleep　 B.sleeps　 C.is sleeping　 D.was sleeping
D
D
1.现在完成时的构成
现在完成时的构成:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词。否定句应在have/has后加not变为haven’t/hasn’t;疑问句应将have/has放到句子主语之前。
现在完成时
2.现在完成时的用法
(1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用的时间状语有already, yet, ever, never, just等。其中already用于肯定句,可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前,也可放在句末;yet常放在句末,在疑问句中表示“已经”,在否定句中表示“还”。如:
I have already watched the TV play.我已经看过这部电视剧了。
—Have you found your lost pen yet 你找到丢失的笔了吗 　
—No, I haven’t found it yet.不,我还没有找到。
(2)表示动作或状态在过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还要持续下去,常与for或since短语连用,该类用法中要求谓语动词必须使用延续性动词(简称“长命动词”)。在该用法中应将短暂性动词(简称“短命动词”)转化为延续性动词。常见的转化如下:
短暂性动词 come/ go arrive/ reach begin borrow buy close die get up join leave lose open put on finish
延续性动词 be at/ in be at/ in be on keep have be closed be dead be up be(in) be away from not have be open wear be
over
如:We have lived here since 2000.从2000年开始我们一直住在这里。(说明一直住在这里,也许还会住下去)
I have learnt English for three years.我学英语3年了。
注意:for后接时间段,since后接表示过去的时间点或时间状语从句。对时间状语提问时,用how long。如:
I’ve known Li Lei for five years.=I’ve known Li Lei since five years ago.我认识李磊已经5年了。
(3)时间状语(标志词)
①already(肯定句), yet(否定句、疑问句), never, ever, just, twice　②since+过去时间点/过去时从句; for+时间段(提问用how long)　③so far　④单独的before 　⑤in the past/last 200 years, over the years
现在完成时用法口诀
学习现在完成时,谓语结构要特记:“have/has+过去分词”。
主要用法有两个:过去的动作,对现在的影响和结果,just, already常用着;过去的动作或状态,一直持续到现在,for,since把时间带。
1.(2022广东,短文填空)Tea wasn’t introduced into Europe until the early 17th century.And now it has 　 _　 popular in Europe and America.
2.(2021广东,短文填空)These experiences in China gave him ideas for his books. Since then he has 71.
thirteen books about China.
written/published
　become
( )3.(2019广东,单项填空)My father 　　　　in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about pandas.
A.was working B.is working
C.has worked D.will work
C
在广东省卷以及广州卷近三年的语法选择中,动词时态考查了一般过去时、一般将来时与现在完成时。在做题时可以通过以下要素来判断时态:1.上下文语境;2.时间状语标志词;3.段落中或并列的动词。
①(2022广东)She 　39　 herself that she still had a long way to go and that she should keep practicing. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
39.A.tell　 B.tells　 C.told
(根据段落中的had 判断是过去时,选C。)
②(2021广东)Now, the city is hoping that the bridge 　37　 lots of tourists to the area.
37.A.brought　　 B.will bring　　
C.is bringing　　 D.was bringing
(根据主句中的hoping“希望”提示及句子语境可知用一般将来时,故选B。)
③(2021广州)“Look at that farmer.I feel very sorry for him.He works so hard in the field, but now it 　5　 up.I wish I might help him.”
5.A.dry　　 B.is drying　　 C.dried　　 D.was drying
(根据时间标志词now可知用现在时,A答案没有用动词的第三人称单数,所以只能用现在进行时,故选B。)
观察广东历年中考题可发现,一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时是短文填空常考的时态,2021~2022这两年的短文填空都考查了完成时态,要求填写动词的过去分词形式。我们总结为3种:
1.根据时间状语标志词
(2021广东)These experiences in China gave him ideas for his books.Since then, he has 71. 　　　　　　 thirteen books about China.(现在完成时时间状语:Since then。填(has) written/published。)　
2.上下文语境暗示
(2022广东)And now it has 72.　　　　　　 popular in Europe and America.As the population of tea drinkers gets larger, tea business is getting more important than before.(下文the population…gets larger, 说明上文是已经变得流行,用现在完成时,填(has) become。)
3.前后动词暗示
上下文或者用连词(如:and,but,or等)连接的并列的动词,也是判断该空动词时态的根据。
(2021广东)In 1988, Lao Pan first came to China and 69.　　　　　　 as a teacher at a university.(work as a teacher从事教师工作。根据并列连词and前面分句的谓语动词came可知用一般过去时,故空白处填work的过去式worked。)
用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.Your shoes look so nice.Could you tell me where you
　 　 (buy) them
2.Tina 　 　(learn)English for more than 10 years, so now she can speak English well.
3.My teacher told me light 　 　 (travel) faster than sound.
　travels　
　has learned　
　bought　
4.—Andy, what were you doing at this time yesterday afternoon
—I 　 　 (watch) the film The Battle at Lake Changjin with my sister.
5.Xia Sen 　 　 (live) a simple life and saves her money for donations.
6.Mr.Smith 　 　 (learn) Chinese for two years. He’s much better at it now.
　has learned　
　lives　
　was watching　
7.—Shhh! Be quiet.I’m on the phone.
—Who 　 　 you 　 　 (talk) to, Mom
8.Don’t leave your toys on the table, or I 　 _
(throw) them away.
9.—I went to your office at 9:00 yesterday morning, but you were not in.
—Sorry, I 　 　 (talk)with the manager in the meeting room at that time.
　was talking　
　will throw
　talking　
　are　
10.—China’s high-speed railway technology 　 _
(lead) the world now.
—That’s true.It has developed rapidly over the past years.
is leading　
一、语法点单句特训
( )1.(2022·甘肃武威中考)We 　　　　a meeting.
Come and join in.
A.were having　 B.are having　 C.had　 D.have been
B
( )2.(2022·湖北武汉中考)—Congratulations!
You ______big progress in the last three years.
—Thank you, Mr.Li.I’ll never forget the good times in Junior High.
A.make　 B.made　 C.have made　 D.will make
( )3.(2022·江苏扬州中考)—May I speak to Wang Li
—Sorry, she is not at home.She 　　　　since last month.
A.left　 B.has left　　C.has been away　 D.went away
C
C
( )4.(2022·四川成都中考)In the future, vocational(职业的)students 　　　　it easier to get jobs.
A.found　 B.have found　 C.will find
( )5.(2022·四川达州中考)—Bruce 　　　　so much in the past two years.
—Yeah, he 　　　　be shy, but now he is confident and active.
A.has changed; used to　 B.changed; is used to
C.changed; used to　 D.has changed; is used to
A
C
( )6.(2022·四川乐山中考)—Jane, I called you last night but nobody answered.
—Oh, my parents and I 　　　　a walk in the park at that time.
A.are taking　B.were taking　C.have taken
( )7.(2022·天津中考)We hope 　　　　a computer on every student’s desk in the future.
A.there is　 　 B.there was　
C.there will be 　 D.there has been
C
B
( )8.(2022·重庆中考)—Excuse me, what is Nick doing
—Look! He 　　　　flowers outside.
A.waters　　　 B.watered　
C.is watering　　 D.has watered
( )9.(2022·湖北十堰中考)When the teacher got into the classroom, Xiaoming 　　　　a novel.
A.read 　 B.reads　　
C.is reading　　　 D.was reading
D
C
( )10.(2022·湖北武汉中考)—I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.
—I 　　　　.It’s not safe.
A.agree B.agreed　　
C.will agree D.had agreed
A
二、小语篇特训
(一)语法选择
Since I was a child, I 　1　 to say“Can I take your order ” I have to do this because I work in my family’s restaurant after school.My father is a good cook.He always 　2　 me, his only son, to cook with him.I always say to my father, “I really 　3　 like cooking.I don’t think it’s good to work in the kitchen and I don’t think I will be a good cook when I grow up.”
Because of the restaurant,my father is always too busy.He never 　4　 time to play football with me.Every time he comes back from work, I 　5　 in my room.It is hard for us to see each other a day.
( )1.A.have learnt　　B.learns　 C.will learn
( )2.A.wanted　 B.wants 　 C.have wanted
( )3.A.didn’t 　 B.don’t　　　 C.doesn’t　
( )4.A.have　 B.has　 C.was having　
( )5.A.will sleep　 B.has slept　 C.am sleeping
C
B
B
B
A
(二)短文填空
用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
Many years ago, most people 6.　 　(make) a living through farming.The ox was used to work on the farm and carry heavy things.The ox 7.　 　(have) a rather important place in Chinese culture for a long time.Ancient Chinese poets and writers often 8.　 (describe) the ox in their work.In The Book of Songs, the animal 9. _
(be) mentioned many times.
is
　described
　has had　
　made　
The ox is considered a symbol of diligence(勤奋)and honesty in Chinese culture.To this day, the phrase “the spirit of the ox” still refers to(指的是)overcoming anything that 10. _
(prevent) you achieving success.The spirit 11. _
(encourage) more and more young people to work hard.
encourages
prevents
一、语法选择(2022·佛山市三水区一模改编)
Did you know that some dogs have jobs just like people do A dog has better senses than a person, so dogs are actually better 　1　 some jobs than people.For example, dogs have excellent hearing.A dog can hear things you 　2　, such as someone talking a few houses away.Dogs also have a very powerful sense of smell.
A dog’s sense of smell is almost 50 times better than a 　3　. Though dogs can do many different jobs, the job that is suitable (合适) for a dog 　4　 its size, IQ and skills.
You may have seen a search-and-rescue dog.The dogs’ great senses of smell 　5　 to find people who get lost.They might help find someone lost after 　6　 earthquake.Search-and-rescue dogs are usually smart, large dogs.They can keep on working for many hours without getting tired.
Other dogs work by guiding people and helping 　7　 get from place to place.Guide dogs help people with poor eyesight 　8　 make their way across busy streets, up steps and inside shopping centers.Such dogs have to be large too, and cannot be afraid of cars, loud noises or strangers.
A working dog visits elderly people in nursing homes and hospitals 　9　 people feel better and 　10　 lonely.These dogs don’t have to be big and strong.They can be small, cute and easy to train and get along with.
( )1.A.at　 B.for　 C.with
( )2.A.can’t　 B.mustn’t　 C.needn’t
( )3.A.person 　 B.person’s　 C.persons’
( )4.A.will depend on　B.depends on　C.depended on
( )5.A.use　 B.are used　 C.were used
( )6.A./　 B.a　 C.an
( )7.A.they　 B.them　 C.their
( )8.A.safe　 B.safety　 C.safely
( )9.A.making 　 B.to making　 C.to make
( )10.A.less　　　 B.least　 C.the least
A
C
C
B
C
B
B
B
A
A
二、短文填空(2022·重庆中考改编)
Miss Wang recently had a worrying experience.
One morning, just as she arrived at her 11. , Wang noticed some missed calls from her mother.Right away, she
12.　 　 her mother back quickly.To her surprise, Wang found her mother only wanted her charger (充电器), which Wang took to the office 13.　 　 mistake.
　by　
　called/phoned　
office
Her mother was worried that her phone would 14. _
out of power as she continued using it.Because her mother
15.　 　 eight hours a day playing games, reading news and watching short videos online.And her mother has problems like poor eyesight, headache 16.　 　 so on.
　and　
　spends　
run/be
This story is not special and Wang’s mother is not alone.She is just one in a growing population of the old who lose themselves in playing with phones. As the old have 17.　 　 chances to join in social activities, a smart phone is the best way to kill time.
　fewer/no　
But too much time on phone can cause many problems.“Be careful when using your phones, 18.　 　 you will be easily fooled!” 19.　 　 the old are always warned like this, online frauds (欺骗) still happen to them.
　Although/Though　
　or　
For the old, they should control their screen time and get enough rest. For the young, they should often help the old learn more about online safety so that they can protect 20.　 　. Also, the young can do more activities with the old like talking, walking and traveling, or encourage them to learn something at the universities for the aged.
　themselves