2023年中考英语复习 第四模块 小　词第二节　代　词课件(共74张PPT)

(共74张PPT)
第四模块 小　词
第二节　代　词
01
中考导航
02
知识导图
03
考点突破
04
代词与语法选择
05
代词与短文填空
06
提分巧练
07
分层优练
考点 2020年~2022年广东省卷中考(语言知识运用)
语法选择 短文填空
1.人称代词 2021:1分(it) 2022:1.5分(it)
2021:1.5分(him)
2.物主代词 2022:1分(her) 2020:1分(her) 2020:1.5分(their)
3.反身代词 / /
4.指示代词 / /
5.不定代词 / /
6.疑问代词 / /
考情分析:2020年~2022年语法选择每年考了一题,短文填空也是每年考一题。由此可见,代词是必点考,人称代词和物主代词是高频考点。
人称代词(2021语法选择考)
1.人称代词的人称、数和格,如下表所示:
数　　　 格 人称　 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。动词前面用主格,动词或介词之后用宾格。如:
I like table tennis.(作主语)我喜欢打乒乓球。
Do you know him (作宾语)你认识他吗
3.人称代词还可作表语,作表语时用宾格。如:
—Who is knocking at the door 谁在敲门
—It’s me.是我。
4.一般情况下,多个人称代词同时出现的顺序是:单数是you, he and I, 复数是we, you and they。
( )1.(2021广东,语法选择)Workers started to build the bridge in May,2018. 　33　 cost $2.8 million and took over two years to complete.
A. It B. Its C. They D. Theirs
A
( )2.(2021广州,语法选择)So down went the two raindrops.
One fell on the farmer’s nose,and the other on a thirsty plant.
“What’s that ” The farmer cried.“A raindrop! I do believe we’ll have a shower (阵雨) soon.”By this time other raindrops had seen what 　12　 did.
A. you B. they C. it D. he
B
( )3.(2020广州,语法选择)They move on until at last, David sees some houses below. The children run to meet
　 10 .
A.he　 B.his　 C.him　 D.himself
C
4.(2022广东,短文填空)The first International Tea Day was on May 21st, 2020.Since then, people have celebrated 75.　 _　 every year.
5.(2021广东,短文填空)One man has turned his interest into love and this love made 66.　 　 write many books about China.
　him　
　it
物主代词(2022,2020语法选择考)
1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,如下表所示:
数　　 人称 类别　 单数 复数
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二 人称 第三
人称
形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
中文意思 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他(她、它)们的
2.形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。一般情况下形容词性物主代词后面接名词。如:
Our teacher is coming to see us.我们的老师要来看我们了。
3.名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。一般情况下名词性物主代词后面不可接名词。如:
Our school is here and theirs is there.(作主语)我们的学校在这里,他们的在那里。
( )1.(2022广东,语法选择)Years went by.Finally,
　40　 hard work paid off.
A.she　 B.her　 C.hers
( )2.(2020广东,语法选择)Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 　35　 first time to make a kite.
A.her B.herself C.hers D.she
A
B
3.(2020广东,短文填空)Although it was only a 73.little money, she helped 12 kids with it!She felt very excited when she saw smiles on 74.　 　 faces.
4.(2019广东,短文填空)In order to save the old village, Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of 74.　 　 own house and other houses.
　his　
　their　
反身代词
英语中用来表示“我自己”,“你自己”,“他自己”, “我们自己”,“你们自己”,“他们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词,也有人称之为自身代名词,其形式如下表所示:
人称　　 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself, herself, itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
1.反身代词可以在句中作宾语、表语和同位语。
(1)作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。如:
He called himself a writer.他称自己为作家。
(2)作表语。如:The girl in the story is actually herself.故事里的那个女孩其实就是她自己。
(3)作主语或宾语的同位语,表示亲自或本人。如:
You should ask the teacher himself.(作宾语同位语)你应该问老师他本人。
2.反身代词必须要与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致,意为“某人自己”。如:
You can do all the homework by yourself.你可以自己做所有的家庭作业。
3.反身代词在实际运用中,可构成很多固定词组。如:
teach oneself=learn by oneself自学　　
enjoy oneself玩得高兴　　help oneself to随便吃
come to oneself苏醒过来 lose oneself迷路
dress oneself自己穿衣服
巧学妙记
反身代词莫乱用,能作句中宾(宾语)、表(表语)、同(同位语),主语、定语不能用,固定搭配要记清。
( )1.(2019广东,单项填空)Nobody taught the old lady how to use WeChat.She learned it all by 　　　　.
A.she　 B.her　 C.herself　 D.hers
2.(2018广东,短文填空)Even today when Will thinks that he
won’t be able to do something, he will look back to this
experience and keep telling 80.　 　, “one brick at a time”.
　himself　
C
指示代词
1.指示代词this, that, these, those
用法 例句
(1)this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that和those则指时间或空间上较远的事物或人。 This is a pen and that is a pencil.
这是一支钢笔,那是一支铅笔。
We are busy these days.这些天我们很忙。
(2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的情况,this和these则指下面将要讲到的情况。 I had a cold.That’s why I didn’t come.
我感冒了,这就是我没有来的原因。
What I want to say is this: Pronunciation is very important in learning English.我想说的是:学英语时发音非常重要。
(3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词,常可用that或those代替。 TV sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.在北京生产的电视机和那些在上海生产的一样好。
(4)this在电话用语中代表自己,that则代表对方。 Hello! This is Mary.Is that Jack speaking
你好!我是玛丽,你是杰克吗
　　2.it, one, that作代词的区别
代词 用法 例句
it 指上文提到过的事物。 The book is mine.It is very interesting.这本书是我的,它非常有趣。
one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个。 Your bike is very beautiful.I also want to buy one.你的自行车很漂亮,我也想买一辆。
that 常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数,如指代可数名词复数要用those,为了避免重复。 The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Zhanjiang.北京的天气比湛江冷多了。
The flowers on the left are more beautiful than those on the right.左边的花比右边的更美丽。
( )(2016广东,单项填空)—I’m a little hungry, Daddy.
—See the cupcakes on the plate, but you can only take
　　　　.Dinner is ready soon.
A.it　 B.one C.this　 D.that
B
不定代词
常见的不定代词 some, any, one, each, every, no, none, all, both, either, neither, many, much, a few, a little, other, another, the other等
用法 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody, everything, everyone, everybody等不定代词时,形容词放在不定代词的后面。如: something important 一些重要的东西; nothing interesting 没有什么有趣的
※易混不定代词辨析
(1)some, any
辨析 【同】some, any“一些”,既可以修饰或代替可数名词复数,也可以修饰或代替不可数名词。
【异】some常用在肯定句中;any多用于否定句、疑问句及条件句中。
练习 ①I have ____________tea here.　　　　　　　　　②I can’t see ____________tea.
some　
any　
　　(2)many, much
辨析 【同】many, much“许多”,主要用于否定句和疑问句中,在肯定句中多用a lot of, lots of等。
【异】many修饰或代替可数名词的复数,其反义词是few;而much修饰或代替不可数名词,其反义词是little。
练习 ①I didn’t know ____________English people who could speak Chinese.
②Is there ____________water in the bottle
many　
much　
　　(3)few, a few,little, a little
辨析 few, a few用来修饰或代替复数可数名词;little, a little用来修饰或代替不可数名词
few, little表示否定,意为“很少、几乎没有”;a few, a little表示肯定,意为“一些、少许”。
练习 ①He is now out of work and can earn ____________ money.
②I’m from England, but I can speak ____________ French.
③____________ students in this school can speak Japanese.They speak Korean.
④There are still ____________students in the classroom.
little　
a little　
Few　
a few
　　(4)another, other, others, the other, the others
辨析 another泛指三者或三者以上中的任何一个,表示“又一(个),又一些;另外的(人、物),别的(人、物)”,既可用作形容词又可用作代词。
other表示“另外的”,常与复数名词或不可数名词连用;前面有the, this, that, some, any, each, every, no, one, my, your, his等,则可与单数名词连用。
辨析 others泛指“别的人或物(但不是全部)”,是other的复数形式,不能作定语; some…others…“一些……另一些……”。
the other“两者中的另一个”, one…the other…“(两者中的)一个……另一个……”。the other修饰单数名词时,意为“(两者中)另一个”, 修饰复数名词时,意为“(两部分中)剩下的,其余的”。
the others=the other+名词复数,指“剩下的人(或物),其余的人(或物)”。
练习 ①We need ____________four people.　　　　
②____________ people may think like that.
③Some of the questions are hard; ____________are easy.
④He has two sons.One is thin and ____________is fat.
⑤There are 50 students in my class.30 are boys, and____________ are girls.
another　
Other　
others　
the other　
the others　
　　(5)none, no one
辨析 none表示三者或三者以上全部否定,意为“全都不,没有一个”。none既可指人又可指物,通常后接of短语。none用作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。none常用来回答how many/much的提问。
no one表示三者或三者以上全部否定,与nobody同义,只用来指人,其后一般不跟of短语。no one常用来回答who的提问。
练习 ①____________ of us want(s) to go, but we have to.　②Everyone is here; ____________ is away.
None　
no one
　　(6)every, each
辨析 every用来指三者或三者以上,侧重整体而不指个别,它不能单独作主语或宾语,只有与名词连用或构成复合词时,才能作主语和宾语。every常可用于某些固定搭配中。
each则用来指两者或两者以上,侧重于个别情况,可作主语、宾语、定语或同位语。作主语时,后接谓语的单数形式,但each作主语同位语时,谓语动词与主语一致。
练习 ①He knew by heart ____________word in her letter.
②He gave an apple to ____________.Both of them were happy.
every　
each　
　　(7)all, both
辨析 all指三者以上,或不可数的东西。all作主语时,谓语动词既可以用单数,也可以用复数。
both作代词,其用法为:①与其他名词或代词并列出现,表示“两个都”。
②与“of+代词(或名词)”连用,表示“两者都”。
练习 ①Mr.Hope teaches English in a middle school.
　　　　　　of his students like him.
②Lucy and Lily ____________agree with us.
All　
both　
　　(8)neither, either
辨析 neither“两者都不……”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
either“两个中的任何一个”,可修饰或代替单数可数名词。作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
练习 ①Peter can’t go to the party tonight, and I can’t
　　　　　　.
②　　　　　　 of them was in good health, but both worked very hard.
either　
Neither
易混不定代词辨析答案
(1)①some　②any　(2)①many　②much　
(3)①little　②a little　③Few　④a few
(4)①another　②Other　③others　④the other　⑤the others　(5)①None　②no one
(6)①every　②each　(7)①All　②both　
(8)①either　②Neither
( )1.(2022广州,语法选择)Sometimes, I would draw pictures of 　3　 fish and sea plants and tape them to the side of the tank, so Bob wouldn’t get lonely while I was at school.
A.other　 B.others 　 C.the other 　 D.the others
( )2.(2022广州,语法选择)Instead, we need to put him in a cup with 　14　 of the dirty water for a while.
A.few　 B.a few　 C.little 　 D.a little
D
A
( )3.(2021广州,语法选择)“Well,” said the first, “I know I can’t do much, but perhaps I can cheer him a little. I’ll go down to show my support, if I can’t do 　9　 more. Here I go!”
A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing
4.(2016广东,短文填空)Like most Chinese, Mr.Zhang has a traditional family.71.　 　 he and his wife are middle school teachers while their 6-year-old son is a pupil.
　Both　
C
疑问代词
疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中,一般都放在句首,并在句子中作为某一句子成分。如:
Who is going to come here tomorrow (作主语)明天谁会来这里
What is that (作表语)那是什么
近三年的广东中考语法选择只考了人称代词(主格)和物主代词(形容词性)。
1.联系上文,找准所代指的对象。
(2021广东)Workers started to build the bridge in May, 2018.　33　 cost $2.8 million and took over two years to complete . 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.It　　 B.Its　　 C.They　　 D.Theirs
(根据句型:sth.cost (sb.) money.某物花费了(某人)多少钱; 代词指代前面的the bridge, 作句子的主语,选A。)
2.物主代词,后面有名词用形容词性物主代词,省略了名词则用名词性物主代词。
(2022广东)Years went by.Finally, 　40　 hard work paid off.
A.she　 B.her　 C.hers
(后面有名词hard work,用形容词性物主代词,选B。)
近三年的广东中考短文填空都考了一题代词(人称代词和物主代词)。
1.人称代词作宾语,用在动词或介词后。
(2022广东)The first International Tea Day was on May 21st, 2020.Since then, people have celebrated 　75　 every year.
(作动词celebrate的宾语;人称代词指代前文提到的International Tea Day,填it。)
2.形容词性物主代词作定语,用在名词前作定语或固定搭配中。
(2020广东)Although it was only a little money, she helped 12 kids with it!She felt very excited when she saw smiles on 　74　 faces .
(后面有名词faces,确定是形容词性物主代词;根据前文help 12 kids, 填their。)
根据句意用适当的代词填空。(短文填空基础训练)
1.These are my cousins.　 　 are both university students.
2.—Where did you get this sky lantern
　—I made it by 　 　.
3.Our English teacher, Miss Li, is kind and patient.We all like 　 　.
　her　
　myself　
　They　
4.—Can you show your new book to 　 　 　—OK.Here you are.
5.Another three astronauts, Liu Yang, Chen Dong and Cai Xuzhe, have been sent into space.Let’s express our best wishes to 　 　.
6.—Tell me, Grandma.　 　 is your favourite person in the whole wide world
—That’s easy! It’s you!
　Who　
　them　
　me　
7.There isn’t 　 　 in the classroom.All the students are having a P.E.lesson in the playground.
8.—I’d like to order something to drink.What would you like, coffee or cola
—　 　.Milk is OK.
9.— What did Chinese President Xi Jinping say during the epidemic (疫情)
—　 　 is more important than people’s safety and health.
　Nothing　
　Neither　
　anyone/anybody　
10.—How far is 　 　 from your home to school, Alice
—About fifteen minutes’ walk.
　it　
一、语法点单句特训
( )1.(2022·重庆B卷中考)Believe in 　　　　and you can make it.
A.myself　 B.yourself　 C.himself　 D.herself
( )2.(2022·重庆A卷中考)We must clean up _________
classroom before going home.
A.we　 B.us　 C.our　 D.ours
C
B
( )3.(2022·四川达州中考)—Sandy, could you fold the clothes for me
—Why 　　　　 I am not available.You can ask David to do 　　　　instead.
A.him; them　 B.me; it　 C.I; it　D.me; them
( ) 4.(2022·湖南岳阳中考)Even if we are in Grade 9, it’s necessary for 　　　　to go to bed early and get up early.
A.we　 B.us　 C.our
B
B
( )5.(2022·天津中考)—Whose camera is this
Is it 　　　　
—No, it’s not mine.It’s 　　　　.
A.you; him　 B.yours; him　 C.yours; his　 D.you; his
( ) 6.(2022·河北中考)Where is your brother
I want to give 　　　　a book.
A.me　 B.you　 C.him　 D.her
C
C
( ) 7.(2022·安徽中考)—I have 　　　　but praise for the police because they often help people out of trouble.
—Yes, they’re well worth praising.
A.everything　 B.nothing　 C.anything　 D.something
( )8.(2022·湖北武汉中考)—To go abroad or not to go after graduation, it’s a question.
—You may take 　　　　of the roads.But being home in the end matters.
A.neither 　 B.either C.both　 D.none
B
B
( ) 9.(2022·江苏连云港中考改编)　　　　 learned how to work as a team by completing the task.
A.Our　 B.Us　 C.We　 D.Ours
( )10.(2022·四川泸州中考)Hurry up, Su Mei! The graduation ceremony begins in a second.We have _________
time left.
A.few　 B.a few　 C.little　 D.a little
C
C
二、小语篇特训
(一)语法选择
When I was five years old, I was far away from my parents.I was just living with my aunt, uncle, grandma and my sister.Most of 　1　 said that I was stupid.
When I was six years old, I started the grade school.No matter what others estimated(评估)my ability, I knew 　2　 I should do.By my hard work, I got the top 3 at the end of the school year.No one was proud of 　3　 in my family.And still my parents were away.I hoped that they would be home soon to even just see 　4　 achievements.Though I had no supports during these days, in the second grade I still kept my grades.I decided to continue the things that made 　5　 best.I was not that smart but I had courage to do something great.
( )1.A.they B.them C.their D.theirs
( )2.A.how B.why C.when D.what
( )3.A.one B.it C.him D.them
( )4.A.I B.me C.my D.mine
( )5.A.my B.mine C.I D.me
D
C
B
D
B
(二)短文填空
Emma loves to listen to 6.　 　 brother Jake play the guitar.He is 15 years old and has been playing the guitar since he was 4 years old.7.　 　practices it every day, and he is really good at 8.　 　.Emma likes the country songs best.She really likes watching Jake play the guitar and hearing the country songs which are created by Jake.Emma wants to take lessons so that she can play by 9.　 　.
　herself　
　it　
　He　
　her　
“Mom,can I take guitar lessons ” Her mom replies,
“10.　 　 takes a lot of hard work to play the songs that Jake plays.”
　It　
一、语法选择(2022·佛山南海区一模改编)
My daughter was having trouble recently deciding on what major (专业) to choose at college, so she asked for my advice.I told her one thing that I 　1　 at her age, “Find a major that you love.” When she asked me what she should do 　2　 she had to take a job that she hated, I didn’t know how to answer.
That question 　3　 back a lot of memories of jobs that I had over the years.My young family had no money, and there were no good jobs in the area.My brother, finally, got me a job at a local wood factory.　4　 job was hard and meant constant (无休止的) pain for my back.In the several years I worked there, many people left.Only those of us who had families to support didn’t leave to look for something better.
Still, I also remembered singing to 　5　 while working.I remembered how a simple sandwich tasted like　6　 meal in the world after hours of hard work.I remembered being 　7　 for this job so I could feed my family.Remembering all this gave me the answer to my 　8　 question.“Just put your love to your job then, sweetheart,” I said.“If you can’t do what you love, then change what you do.”
We work 　9　, but we live to love.　10　 love, work is hard work.Yet, with love, work is joy.
( )1.A.told　 B.was told　 C.were told
( )2. A.if　　 B.how　 C.that
( )3.A.bring　 B.brought　 C.has brought　
( )4.A.A 　 B.An　 C.The
( )5.A.me 　 B.I　 C.myself　　
( )6.A.delicious B.more delicious C.the most delicious　
( )7.A.thank　 B.thankful　 C.thankfully　
( )8.A.daughter B.daughters　 C.daughter’s　
( )9.A.live　 B.living 　 C.to live　
( )10.A.With　 B.For　 C.Without
C
C
C
B
C
C
C
B
A
B
二、短文填空
When I was a kid, my dad took me to the Olympics and we saw the 400m final.A runner 11. 　 Arthur won it and that really shocked me.I remembered it so well.I even wrote an article about 12.　 　.
　it　
　called/named　
I was never good enough for the Olympics myself, 13.　 　 I tried running.I wanted to 14.　 　 fit and liked the challenge. After 27, I began to play tennis.At 65, I started hurdling (跨栏) again.When I was 71, I won the 200m hurdling 15.　 　 the oldest person.When I was 80, I broke the world record.I would keep doing it and I would never change 16.　 　 mind.Now I’m 89, but I still do a couple of press-ups (俯卧撑) once 17.　 　 twice a week.
　or　
　my　
　as　
　keep　
　but　
To my pleasure, my family 18.　 　 together in our nice garden every day, like running, dancing and jumping.We live a healthy 19.　 　 because we have good living habits.My dream is to run the 100m at 100—only 20.　 　 eleven years to go—and then to live to 120.
No matter what comes my way, I will keep it.
　another　
　life　
　exercise