2023年中考英语复习 第2部分 第10章 非谓语动词课件(共46张PPT)

(共46张PPT)
第二部分 语法精讲精练
第十章 非谓语动词
知识框架
考情分析
考点梳理
技巧点拨
中考集训
语篇训练
考点 题型
语法选择 短文填空
动词不定式(to do) 2020(第33题 宾语补足语expect) 2021(第38题 目的状语) 2022(第34题 宾语补足语tell) 2020年(第68题 后置定语)
2022年(第73题 宾语like)
分析： 广东中考近三年关于非谓语动词的考查主要集中在动词不定式to do的用法， 2020年和2022年均考查了不定式作宾语补足语的用法， 2022年还考查了不定式作宾语的用法。
考点一　动词不定式作宾语 ★★★
1. 动词＋to do
want/would like to do想要做 need to do需要做 expect to do期望做 hope/wish to do希望做
promise to do承诺做 learn to do学会做 plan to do计划做 agree to do同意做
refuse to do拒绝做 decide (not) to do决定(不)做 used to do过去常常做 try (not) to do 尽力(不)做
prefer to do更喜欢做 offer to do主动做 afford to do负担得起做 choose to do选择做
help (to) do 帮助做 like to do 喜欢做 continue/go on to do继续做(另一件事) begin/start to do开始做
remember to do记得去做 forget to do忘记去做 stop to do停下来去做(另一件事) regret to do遗憾要做
如： I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。
The boy refused to help the lazy girl. 这个男孩拒绝帮助这个懒惰的女孩。
(　 　)1. The villagers plan ____ a new bridge over the river. 【2021 重庆A卷改编】
A. build B. building C. to build
(　 　)2. Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ____ an Oscar and finally he made it.
A. to win B. winning C. won
C
A
2. 动词＋it＋形容词＋to do(it是形式宾语)
结构 含义
find it＋形容词＋to do sth. 发现做某事是……的
think it＋形容词＋to do sth. 认为做某事是……的
make it＋形容词＋to do sth. 使做某事成为……的
如： We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。
He made it possible to get first prize in the competition. 他使在比赛中获得一等奖成为可能。
(　 　)3. When he feels it hard ________ his timetable, he writes encouragements to himself.
A. following B. to follow C. follows
B
3. 动词＋疑问词＋to do
show/know/tell/teach/learn/decide＋who/what/which/when/where
/how to do
表明、 指示/知道/告诉/教/学习/决定/谁做/做什么/做哪个/什么时候做/在哪里做/怎么做
如： Larry didn't know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。
She can't decide what to buy. 她无法决定买什么。
(　 　)4. —Wow, Wendy, it's cool to make a short video with your mobile phone.
—Just with a software(软件) called Meipai. Let me show you ____.
A. which to use B. how to use it C. what to use
B
考点二　动词不定式作宾语补足语 ★★★
1. 动词＋sb.＋to do/not to do
tell sb. to do/not to do告诉某人 做/不做 ask sb. to do/not to do让某人 做/不做
order sb. to do/not to do命令某人做/不做 warn sb. to do/not to do警告 某人做/不做
teach sb. to do/not to do教某人 做/不做 want sb. to do/not to do想要某人做/不做
wish sb. to do/not to do希望某人 做/不做 expect sb. to do/not to do期望 某人做/不做
encourage sb. to do/not to do鼓励某人做/不做 allow sb. to do/not to do允许某人做/不做
invite sb. to do/not to do邀请某人做/不做 advise sb. to do/not to do建议 某人做/不做
require sb. to do/not to do要求某人做/不做 force sb. to do/not to do强迫某人做/不做
如： Do you want me to find out the phone number 你想要我找出那个电话号码吗？
My teacher told me not to play on the street. 我的老师告诉我不要在大街上玩耍。
(　 　)5. My dad asked me____it into the kitchen. 【2022 广州改编】
A. bring B. bringing C. to bring
(　　)6. —Miss Li, can you tell me how to improve my writing skills
—Certainly. I advise you____a diary in English every day. 【2022 宿迁改编】
A. to keep B. keeping C. keep
C
A
2. 动词＋sb.＋do(省略to的不定式):
这类动词有：
(1)感观动词： feel, listen to, hear, see, watch, notice, look at
(2)使役动词： let, have, make
(3)其他： help
注意： ①see/watch/notice/find/hear sb. do sth. 看见/注意到/发现/听到某人做某事
see/watch/notice/find/hear sb. doing sth. 看见/注意到/发现/听到某人正在做某事
②在被动语态中要还原to, 如make sb. do被动语态变为sb. be made to do。
如： I saw him read in the library yesterday. 我昨天看到他在图书馆阅读。
Let me tell you a story. 让我给你讲个故事吧。
Everybody must be made to understand that. 务必使每个人都弄懂。
(　 　)7. To my surprise, I saw a disabled boy ____ with the dog happily.
A. play B. played C. plays
(　 　)8. This can make them ____ from each other and keep exercising.
A. to learn B. learn C. learning
A
B
考点三　动词不定式作目的状语 ★★
不定式作目的状语， 可放在句首或句末。to表示 “为了”。
如： To learn math well, you must do more exercises. 为了学好数学， 你必须做更多的练习题。
We came here to ask you for help. 我们来这里是为了向你寻求帮助。
(　 　)9. —How can I prevent COVID-19, Dad
—____healthy, you should always wear a mask(口罩) and wash hands often. 【2022 昭阳改编】
A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep
(　 　)10. “And I！” they all said, until a whole shower(阵雨) went down and the corn was saved—all because one little raindrop tried its best ____ what it could. 【2021 广州改编】
A. do B. doing C. to do
C
C
考点四　常用搭配及句型 ★
1. It is＋形容词(for sb.)＋to do sth. 对某人而言， 做某事是……的
It is＋形容词(of sb.)＋to do sth. 做某事， 某人是……的
如： It is easy for me to learn math well. 对我而言， 学好数学很容易。
It is very kind of you to help me. 帮助我， 你真善良。
2. It takes sb.＋时间＋to do sth. 某人花时间做某事
如： It takes me 2 hours to finish my homework every day. 我每天花两个小时完成作业。
3. Why not do sth.？＝Why don't you do sth. 为什么不做某事呢？ (表示提建议)
4. Would/Could you please (not) do sth. 请你(不)做某事好吗？
如： Could you please not smoke here 请你不要在这里吸烟好吗？
5. You had better (not) do sth. 你最好(不)做某事
如： You'd better not break the school rules. 你最好不要违反校规。
6. would do A rather than do B＝would rather do A than do B
＝prefer to do A rather than do B＝prefer doing A to doing B 喜欢做A而不喜欢做B
如： I would rather play basketball than play football.
＝I prefer to play basketball rather than play football. 比起踢足球， 我更喜欢打篮球。
7. Would you mind (not) doing sth. 你介意(不)做某事吗？
如： Would you mind not opening the door 你介意不开门吗？
8. stop sb. (from) doing sth.＝keep sb. from doing sth.＝prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
如： We must stop people from cutting down so many trees. 我们必须阻止人们砍那么多的树。
9. 动词/短语＋doing
enjoy doing喜欢做 mind doing介意做 practice doing练习做
finish doing完成做 consider doing考虑做 suggest doing建议做
imagine doing想象做 avoid doing避免做 risk doing冒险做
give up doing放弃做 put off doing推迟做 succeed in doing成功做
can't help doing情不自禁地做 be busy doing忙于做 prefer doing (to doing)
更喜欢做
pay attention to doing注意做 look forward to doing盼望做 be/get used to doing习惯做
如： We enjoy singing together. 我们喜欢一起唱歌。
You should practice speaking English every day. 你应该每天练习讲英语。
10. 辨析to do/doing的不同意义
(1)remember/forget to do sth. 记得/忘记要做某事； remember/forget doing sth. 记得/忘记做过某事
如： Don't forget to bring your homework to school next week. 别忘了下周带你的作业来学校。
I remembered seeing her somewhere before. 我记得之前在哪儿见过她。
(2)stop to do sth. 停下来， 去做另一件事； stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事情
如： After working for several hours, they stopped to have a rest. 在工作几小时之后， 他们停下来， 稍作休息。
Students stopped talking as soon as the teacher came in. 老师一进来， 学生们就停止讲话。
(3)try to do sth. 尽力做某事， 企图做某事； try doing sth. 尝试着做某事
如： He came here and tried to find a good job. 他来到这里想尽力找份好工作。
Dick isn't here. Try phoning his home number. 迪克不在这里。试试给他家打个电话。
(4)regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事； regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事
如： I regret to say I can't go with you. 很遗憾， 我不能和你一块去。
I regret not taking your advice. 我很后悔没采纳你的建议。
(5)mean to do sth. 打算做某事； mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
如： Sorry, I didn't mean to hurt your feelings. 对不起， 我不是有意要伤你的心。
Learning English doesn't mean just working in class. 学英语并不意味着只在课堂上操练。
(6)continue/go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事； continue/go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事
如： After finishing reading, he continued/went on to do some writing. 阅读完之后， 他接着写作。
After a smoke, he continued/went on telling me his story. 吸了一口烟后， 他继续给我讲他的故事。
(　 　)11. The doctor warns Jack ____ stop ____ because it is bad for his health.
A. to; smoking B. not; to smoke C. to; to smoke
(　 　)12. It's important for us ____ a healthy lifestyle.
A. to keep B. keep C. keeping
A
A
1. 非谓语动词与语法选择
首先， 观察选项， 确认考点为非谓语动词。 然后通过分析句子结构和固定搭配选择正确的非谓语形式。
One day, the teacher told her 34 a test. 【2022 广东】
( )34. A. take B. to take C. taking
解析： 观察三个选项可知， A选项为动词原形， B选项为动词不定式形式， C选项为动词-ing形式， 故推断该题考查的是非谓语。 根据固定搭配tell sb. to do 可知， 应选B。
B
2. 非谓语动词与短文填空
分析句子成分， 若同一句子已有谓语， 而要填的空亦为动词， 则该空考查非谓语动词。 若前面有to, 说明动词为原形(义务教育英语课程标准只要求掌握动词不定式)。
She felt sad that the kids there didn't have new clothes to 68
and toys to play with. 【2020 广东】
解析： 根据语境可知， 此处表达 “她很难过， 因为那儿的孩子没有新衣服穿， 没有玩具玩”， 所以句子缺乏的词义为 “穿”。 分析句子结构可知， 本句中已有谓语 “didn't have”， 故此处应用非谓语形式。 空格前有to, 故应填动词原形， 构成不定式作后置定语， 故填wear。
wear
(　 　)1. Mr. Brown told his son not____the paintings in the museum. 【2022 重庆A卷改编】
A. touch B. to touch C. touching
(　 　)2. The painting is really valuable to him. He will never agree____it. 【2022 天津改编】
A. to sell B. selling C. sold
B
A
(　 　)3. The new year is coming. Teachers encourage us____new hobbies. 【2022 重庆B卷改编】
A. develop B. developing C. to develop
(　 　)4. ____the people locked inside, the firemen broke down the door. 【2022 扬州改编】
A. Reach B. To reach C. Reached
(　 　)5. The Great Wall is so famous that a large number of travelers wish____it. 【2022 广元改编】
A. visit B. visiting C. to visit
C
B
C
一、 语法选择
Li Ziqi is a famous girl both in China and abroad for her videos. She has millions of fans on YouTube and Sina Weibo. All the fans are looking forward to 1 her next video.
(　 　)1. A. watch B. watching C. to watch
B
Li's videos make people 2 special. Each of the video usually lasts 10 minutes. Li wears hanfu that she made herself. She is a master of many kinds of skills, such as cooking, painting, designing(设计) and farming. What a magical world she lives in! It takes her much time 3 videos of her life in her hometown. Every little detail(细节) asks people 4 the beauty in life.
(　 　)2. A. feel B. to feel C. feeling
(　 　)3. A. make B. making C. to make
(　 　)4. A. enjoyed B. enjoying C. to enjoy
A
C
C
Li grew up with her grandparents in a countryside of Sichuan Province. When she was 14, she went to the city 5 . She lived a hard life. In 2012, She decided 6 to the countryside to take care of her grandmother. 7 a living, Li ran an online store. At first, she just used her videos to sell her products. Later, she began to record her special life in the videos.
(　 　)5. A. worked B. to work C. work
(　 　)6. A. to return B. returned C. returning
(　 　)7. A. Making B. Make C. To make
B
A
C
In Li's opinion, many people feel so nervous that they don't know what 8 . They may face difficulties in life and at work. She wants them 9 and experience something nice to take away some of their worries.
(　 　)8. A. do B. doing C. to do
(　 　)9. A. relaxing B. to relax C. to relaxing
C
B
Li has become one of the most successful Internet celebrities(网红) in China in the past years. It is very nice of her 10 Chinese culture around the world. She shows the world that Chinese people love good food and are good at making art out of the simplest things.
(　 　)10. A. to spread B. spread C. to spreading
A
二、 短文填空
There has been a heated report about a woman. The elderly woman has spent a whole year cleaning the plastic rubbish of 52 British beaches. This woman is making efforts to protect the next generation (一代人) and 1 them with a healthy world to live in.
provide
Mrs. Smith, 70, cleaned one sandy beach every week. With her bags, gloves and a rubbish picker, she traveled from one end of the southwest coast to the other, to 2 rubbish on beaches from Cornwall to Devon. Everything from bottles to plastic straws (吸管) and tons of other rubbish was collected over the year.
Mrs. Smith never thought of giving up her action. She noticed the bad influences of plastic pollution and soon decided to 3 action. “I think it necessary to 4 that we only have one earth，” she said in an interview.
collect
take
realize/know
She's recently been named as an ambassador (大使) for Keep Britain Tidy. She thinks we should make sure never to 5
rubbish in the first place. To make our world greener, it needs every one of us to 6 into good habits in our daily life. “I'm really surprised by all the people who have begun taking care of their local beaches. I am also excited to see many children 7 about how plastic influences our world.” Now she's still 8 her part.
drop/throw
get
learning/learn
doing
“I want to 9 the environment of our living planet for my children and grandchildren. I will continue to do everything in my power to 10 my goal，” said Mrs. Smith.
protect/improve
achieve/reach