2023年中考英语复习 第2部分 第2章 冠　词课件（30张PPT）

(共30张PPT)
第二部分 语法精讲精练
第二章 冠　词
知识框架
考情分析
考点梳理
技巧点拨
中考集训
语篇训练
考点 题型
语法选择 短文填空
不定冠词a 2022(第38题) /
不定冠词an 2021(第35题) /
定冠词the 2020(第38题) /
分析： 广东中考近三年均考查了冠词， 以语法选择题型为主， 常考查其表示泛指还是特指的用法区别。
考点一　不定冠词a, an 的基本用法 ★★★
1. 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类。
如： An elephant is much taller than a dog. 大象比狗高多了。
(　 　)1. I usually have____egg and some bread for breakfast.
【2022 重庆B卷改编】
A. a B. an C. the
(　　)2. “What's that？” The farmer cried, “____ raindrop! I do believe we'll have a shower(阵雨) soon.” 【2021 广州改编】
A. A B. An C. The
B
A
2. 用于序数词前， 表示 “又一， 再一”。
如： I have seen the film. But it is so interesting that I want to see it a second time. 我已经看过那部电影了， 但它如此有趣以至于我想再看一次。
( 　)3. —We've tried it three times. Must we try it ____ fourth time
—Yes, try until you succeed.
A. / B. an C. a
C
3. a和an 的区别： a 用在辅音音素开头的单词或字母前， an 用在元音音素开头的单词或字母前。
如： a story 一个故事　a usual method一个常用的方法　a one-legged table一张单脚桌
an apple一个苹果　an honest boy一个诚实的男孩　an hour一小时
an “a/e/i/o/f/h/l/m/n/r/s/x”
(　 　)4. There is____useful robot in the restaurant near my home. It can serve food to customers. 【2022 遂宁改编】
A. an B. the C. a
(　 　)5. Tsinghua University shows people that ____ undergraduate arranges(安排) his daily life fully.
A. a B. an C. the
C
B
考点二　定冠词 the 的用法 ★★★
用法 例子
用来表示特指的或指双方都知道的人或事 The girl over there is John's sister. 那边那个女孩是约翰的妹妹。
表示上文中提到过的人或物 I have a bike. The bike is red. 我有一辆自行车。那辆自行车是红色的。
用在世界上独一无二的名词前 The sun is bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大。
用法 例子
用在形容词最高级、 序数词前面 Father's Day is on the third Sunday in June. 父亲节在六月份的第三个星期天。
用在演奏乐器名词前 Can you play the violin 你会拉小提琴吗？
用在方位名词前 Guangdong is in the south of China. 广东在中国的南部。
用在姓氏复数形式前， 表示一家人或夫妇 The Blacks are having dinner now. 布莱克一家正在吃晚饭。
用法 例子
和形容词连用， 表示一类人 The young should have their own dreams. 年轻人应该有自己的梦想。
用在某些国家、 江、 河、 湖、 海及山脉名词前 The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. 长江是中国最长的河流。
用在有介词短语或定语从句修饰的名词前 The girl with long hair(＝who has long hair) is my best friend. 留着长头发的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。
(　 　)6. —What's the most important tradition in Chinese family
—We must care for ____ old. 【2022 自贡】
A. an B. the C. /
(　 　)7. France is ____ European country, and I visited ____ country three years ago. 【2021 黄石改编】
A. an; the B. a; the C. an; a
B
B
(　 　)8. As an old saying goes, “He who has never been to ____ Great Wall is not a true man.”
A. a B. an C. the
C
考点三　不用冠词的情况 ★★
用法 例子
专有名词(国名、 城市名、 人名、 路名)前不用冠词 He lives in Beijing. 他住在北京。
泛指的不可数名词或名词复数前不用冠词 Of all fruits, I like oranges best. 所有水果当中， 我最喜欢橙子。
在球类运动、 棋类和学科名词前不用冠词 Math is very interesting. 数学很有趣。
用法 例子
在年份、 季节、 月份、 星期、 节日、 日夜、 正午和三餐前不用冠词(但具体某年的季节前一般加 “the”； 三餐前如有形容词修饰时， 要用冠词) Mother's Day is in May. 母亲节在五月。
Linda didn't have dinner while I only had a small dinner because of cold. 琳达没有吃晚饭， 而我由于感冒晚饭只吃了一点。
用法 例子
在称呼语或表示头衔的职位名词前不用冠词 Mr. Liu is from Shanghai. 刘先生来自上海。
名词前有this, that, those, these, my, your, some等代词修饰时不用冠词 This is my best friend. 这是我最好的朋友。
(　 　)9. —Shall we play ____ basketball this afternoon
—Good idea! Do you have ____ basketball 【2021 连云港改编】
A. the; a B. a; a C. /; a
(　 　)10. The dog makes too much noise at ____ night.
A. a B. an C. /
(　 　)11. Among all Chinese traditional arts, Nancy likes ____ Beijing opera best because it is really ____ fun.
A. /; a B. /; / C. the; a
C
C
B
冠词与语法选择
(1)表示泛指， 且该事物在文中首次出现， 用a/an。 a 后接辅音音素开头的单词或字母， an后接元音音素开头的单词或字母。
Sometimes she was tired that she felt like crying, she would find 38 quiet place and cried aloud. 【2022 广东】
( )38. A. a B. an C. the
解析： 根据句意可知， 此处表示 “她想找一个安静的地方大声哭”， 且 “place” 以辅音音素开头， 故选A。
A
Along the river, there is 35 eight-kilometer-long wooden walkway. 【2021 广东】
( )35. A. / B. a
C. an D. the
解析： 根据句意可知， 此处表示 “这有一条8，000公里长的木制人行道， 且 “eight” 以元音音素开头， 故选C。
C
(2)留意前文有无出现过该事物， 如果是再次出现， 则前面用the。
Judie's dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite. They made a cross with some wood sticks，… Finally they tied a long tail to the bottom. The next morning, they took 38 kite to the park and tested it. 【2020 广东】
( )38. A. a B. an
C. the D. /
解析： 根据上文可知， 朱迪和她父亲正在制作一只蝴蝶风筝， 故此处应为 “他们带着这只风筝去公园放飞”。 “kite” 在本文中再次出现， 特指前文那只风筝， 故选C。
C
( 　 )1. I named a pet fish Bob. I put___beautiful toy house with windows in the fish bowl so that Bob could swim through.
【2022 广州改编】
A. a B. an C. the
( 　 )2. After___school, I bought___present for my mother.
【2022 天津改编】
A. /; a B. a; / C. a; the
A
A
(　 　)3. My brother Tom can play____ping-pong well, but he can't play____violin. 【2022 齐齐哈尔】
A. the; / B. the; the C. /; the
(　 　)4. I got a dog yesterday as a birthday gift. ____dog is very cute and I like it. 【2022 海南】
A. The B. / C. A
(　 　)5. —Would you like to take____walk with me right now
—Sorry, I have to meet some friends. 【2022 吉林】
A. an B. a C. the
C
A
B
一、 语法选择
A prom(毕业舞会) is a big part of high school for students in the UK. A school prom is a formal(正式的) party to celebrate 1 important date at school, such as the end of high school or completing school exams. A prom is usually held in 2 June, around the end of exam time. 3 idea is to have fun with your school friends. A prom organizer provides something for 4 special event, including balloons, food, and music. But you need to prepare your own clothes.
(　 　)1. A. a B. an C. the
(　 　)2. A. / B. an C. the
(　 　)3. A. A B. An C. The
(　 　)4. A. a B. an C. the
B
A
C
A
Young people like to dress up for their prom. On the prom night, girls change their school uniform for 5 evening dress and high heels. Boys usually wear a suit with 6 tie and smart shoes. The right hairstyle is important, too.
(　 　)5. A. an B. a C. /
(　 　)6. A. an B. a C. the
A
B
Arriving at your prom in a chauffeur-driven limousine(有专职司机的豪车) is very popular. The party can start on 7 way to the dinner or dance. Some people drive around town in their best clothes to make sure that everyone sees them.
(　 　)7. A. a B. an C. the
C
Not long ago, most British schools didn't have school proms. They simply had a school party at 8 end of the term. Now more than 85 percent of schools in Britain have a prom. Many parents regard the prom as 9 important thing. They say it has had 10 great influence on their kids.
(　 　)8. A. the B. an C. a
(　 　)9. A. / B. an C. the
(　 　)10. A. / B. the C. a
A
B
C
二、 短文填空
Helen and her husband bought a house when they were in their fifties. One of the 1 they bought it was that it was so nice. It had 2 big tree, which looked beautiful in their front yard. 3 20 years, it was a beauty to all who passed by. It shaded(遮阴) the bright sun over Helen's small garden of roses and bushes(灌木) that she 4 for bees.
reasons
a
For
planted
Early last year, a heavy snowfall hit their city. While they were enjoying a quiet Saturday morning, their house shook and they heard a loud noise. The tree had fallen, taking out most of 5 bushes in their yard. Few days later, the yard was in 6 mess, with holes everywhere.
the
a
In March, Helen bought 7 few new bush and rose seedlings(幼苗) to take the place of those that she thought hadn't lived. But in May, plenty of new flowers were growing in the yard! As 8 sun shone down, the flowers were able to grow and bees came. Her old bushes grew back and were healthier 9 ever before! Her yard turned into a beautiful garden.
Life might be hard for you at 10 moment, but you never know what the future holds. It might just be much brighter.
a
the
than
the